2023譯林版新教材高中英語選擇性必修第二冊同步練習(xí)-Unit 3 五年高考練

Unit3Fitforlife

五年高考練

I.閱讀理解

主題語境:生存與環(huán)境語篇類型:說明文建議用時(shí)：F

（2020全國IΠ,D,*）

Wearetheproductsofevolution,andnotjustevolutionthatoccu∏?edbillionsofyearsago.As

scientistslookdeeperintoourgenes（基因），theyarefindingexamplesofhumanevolutioninjustthe

pastfewthousandyears.PeopleinEthiopianhighlandshaveadaptedtolivingathighaltitudes.

Cattle-raisingpeopleinEastAfricaandnorthernEuropehavegainedamutation（突變）thathelps

themdigestmilkasadults.

OnThursdayinanarticlepublishedinCell,ateamofresearchersreportedanewkindof

adaptation-nottoairortofood,buttotheocean.Agroupofsea-dwellingpeopleinSoutheastAsia

haveevolvedintobetterdivers.TheBajau,asthesepeopleareknown,numberinthehundredsof

thousandsinIndonesia,MalaysiaandthePhilippines.Theyhavetraditionallylivedonhouseboats;in

recenttimes,they□vealsobuilthousesonStiItS（支柱）incoastalwaters/'Theyaresimplyastranger

totheland,,,saidRodneyC.Jubilado,aUniversityofHawaiiresearcherwhostudiestheBajau.

Dr.JubiladofirstmettheBajauwhilegrowinguponSamalIslandinthePhilippines.They

madealivingasdivers,spearfishingorharvestingshellfish∕?Weweresoamazedthattheycouldstay

underwatermuchlongerthanuslocalislanders,,,Dr.Jubiladosaid."Icouldseethemactuallywalking

underthesea.”

In2015,MeIissaIlardo,thenagraduatestudentingeneticsattheUniversityofCopenhagen,

heardabouttheBajau.Shewonderedifcenturiesofdivingcouldhaveledtotheevolutionof

physicalcharacteristicsthatmadethetaskeasierforthem2）.??Itseemedliketheperfectchancefor

naturalselectiontoactonapopulation,,,saidDr.Ilardo.Shealsosaidtherewerelikelyanumberof

OthergenesthathelptheB?jaudive.

詞匯積累

!.evolutionn.進(jìn)化

2.sea-dwellingadj.居住在海上的

3.divern.潛水員

4.spearfishv.用魚叉捕魚

5.harvestV捕獵（動(dòng)物、魚）

6.underwateradv.在水下

l.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbytheexamplesinparagraph1?

A.Environιnentaladaptationofcattleraisers.

B.Newknowledgeofhumanevolution.

C.Recentfindingsofhumanorigin.

D.Significanceoffoodselection.

2.WheredotheBajaubuildtheirhouses?

A.Invalleys.B.Nearrivers.

C.Onthebeach.D.Offthecoast.

3.WhywastheyoungJubiladoastonishedattheBajau?

A.Theycouldwalkonstiltsallday.

B.Theyhadasuperbwayoffishing.

C.Theycouldstaylongunderwater.

D.Theylivedonbothlandandwater.

4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.BodiesRemodeledforaLifeatSea

B.HighlandersUSurvivalSkills

C.BasicMethodsofGeneticResearch

D.TheWorld□sBestDivers

∏?語法填空

主題語境：生態(tài)旅行語篇類型：說明文建議用時(shí)

（2021全國乙,*：）

Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact（景鄉(xiāng)響）traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itis

differentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome1（educate）aboutthe

areas-bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoney

forconservationandbenefitsthe2（develop）ofthelocalareas.

Ecotourismhas3(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnot

widelyacceptedasatravelconcept4thelate1980s.Duringthattime,increasingenvironmental

awarenessmadeitdesirable.

Dueto5growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypes

6_tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthe

followingprinciples:

?Minimizetheimpactof7(visit)theplace.

?Buildrespectforandawarenessoftheenvironmentandculturalpractices.

?Provide8(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.

?Makesurethatthetourismprovidesexperiencesforboththevisitorsandthehosts.

KomodoNationalPark,officiallyrecognizedin1980,ispopularforecotourismbecauseofits

uniquebiodiversity.9(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(遠(yuǎn)足)and

accommodationsaim10(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.

詞匯積累

1.geographicaladj.地理的,地理學(xué)的

2.conservationn.保護(hù),保存

3.conceptn.概念,觀念

4.desirableadj.值得做的

5.beclassifiedas被歸類為..

6.principlen.(行為)準(zhǔn)則,(道德源則

7.biodiversityn.生物多樣性

8.accommodationsn.住宿用善宿

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

單元達(dá)標(biāo)檢測見增分測評卷P9

答案與分層梯度式解析

Unit3Fitforlife

五年高考練

I.◎語篇解讀本文為說明文。文章通過列舉巴瑤人由于靠海為生,逐漸變得擅長潛水的事實(shí)

來說明人類的進(jìn)化。

1.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知我們是進(jìn)化的產(chǎn)物,而且不僅僅是發(fā)生在數(shù)十億年

前的進(jìn)化。故選B。

2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theyhavetraditionallylivedonhouseboats...incoastal

WaterS.”可知,巴瑤人把房子建在沿海水域。故選Do

3.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Weweresoamazedthattheycouldstayunderwatermuch

longerthanuslocalislanders”可知C項(xiàng)（他們可以在水下待很長時(shí)間）正確。故選Co

4.A主旨大意題。本文主要講述了巴瑤人因?yàn)榭亢樯鴮?dǎo)致基因變化,從而可以長時(shí)間潛

水。故A項(xiàng)（為適應(yīng)海上生活而改造的身體）正確。故跡A。長難句

分析句中if引導(dǎo)賓語從句,that弓I導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞theevolutionofphysical

Characteristicse

譯文她想知道幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的潛水活動(dòng)是否可能已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了他們身體特征的進(jìn)化,從而使得這項(xiàng)

彳壬務(wù)對他們來說更容易O

H.◎語篇解讀這是二篇說明文。生態(tài)旅游通常被認(rèn)為是到原始地區(qū)的低影響旅游,但是由于

與環(huán)境相關(guān)的探險(xiǎn)旅行越來越受歡迎,各種各樣的旅行現(xiàn)在被歸類為生態(tài)旅游。實(shí)際上,生態(tài)旅

游必須滿足一些規(guī)定。

1.educated考查過去分詞。educate與其邏輯主語thetraveler之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此用過去分

詞,becomeeducatedabout表示，對...有所了解故填educatedo

2.development考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的定冠詞the和空后的介詞Of可知,此處應(yīng)填名詞作動(dòng)詞

benefits的賓語。故填development,,

3.its考查代詞。設(shè)空處修飾名詞Origin,應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。