2024年高考英語(yǔ)押題卷01（全國(guó)通用）（原卷版）

2024年高考英語(yǔ)押題卷01（全國(guó)通用）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型(A)填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑;如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫上新的答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔：考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分1.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.答案是C。1．（2024·陜西漢中·統(tǒng)考一模）Whatistoblameaccordingtotheman?A．Uncomfortableseats. B．Thetrafficnoise. C．MissLee’sweakvoice.2．（2024·河南新鄉(xiāng)·統(tǒng)考一模）Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A．Havearest. B．Dancewiththeman. C．Practicedancingforanotherhour.3．（2024·四川樂(lè)山·統(tǒng)考一模）Whatistheoccupationofthewoman?A．Areceptionist. B．Asaleswoman. C．Awaitress.4．（2024·四川樂(lè)山·統(tǒng)考一模）Whenwastheshowduetostart?A．At8:00pm. B．At9:00pm. C．At11:00pm.5．（2024·四川樂(lè)山·統(tǒng)考一模）HowwillthewomanprobablygotoNewYork?A．Bycar. B．Bytrain. C．Bybus.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6、7題。（2024·四川樂(lè)山·統(tǒng)考一模）6．Whydoesthemanfeeldiscouraged?A．Becausehehasputonsomeweight.B．Becausehedidn’tmakeittotheteam.C．Becausehecouldn’tresistthedishesandsnacks.7．Whatdoesthewomanthinkthemanshoulddo?A．Joinafitnessprogramme.B．Keephimselfhealthy.C．Stopeatingdishesandsnacks.聽(tīng)第7段對(duì)話，回答第8、9題。（2024·四川瀘州·校考一模）8．Whatwillthewomandointheclub?A．Cookalunch. B．Dothewashing-up. C．Workasadriver.9．WhenwillMrs.Claragotothehospital?A．NextTuesday. B．NextWednesday. C．NextFriday.聽(tīng)第8段對(duì)話，回答第10至12題。（2024·河南新鄉(xiāng)·統(tǒng)考一模）10．Whoisthewomanprobably?A．Abankmanager. B．Arestaurantowner. C．Alandagent.11．Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A．Tosave$40,000. B．Toanswerquestions. C．Toborrowsomemoney.12．Wheredoesthemanintendtosetuphisbusiness?A．InLincolnRoad. B．Nexttothebank. C．Inhisgrandmother’shouse.13．Whatdoesthewomanthinkisamustforthemantosetuphisbusiness?A．Thelocation. B．Hisfutureplans. C．Enoughcustomers.聽(tīng)第9段對(duì)話，回答第13至16題。（2023·江西宜春·校聯(lián)考二模）14．WhatshouldthewomanhandinnextMonday?A．Afilmreview. B．Apassage. C．Asummary.15．Howmanywordsdoesthewomanneedtowritefortheassignment?A．About150. B．About120. C．About100.16．Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A．Rememberthenewwords.B．Recitethetexttotheclass.C．Copytheidiomsthreetimes.聽(tīng)第10段對(duì)話，回答第17至20題。（2023·江西撫州·金溪一中校聯(lián)考一模）17．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Oldflatmates. B．Schoolmates. C．Newclassmates.18．WhydidthewomanchooseWestVillageUniversity?A．Itwasfairlyclosetoherhouse.B．Itprovidedherwithascholarship.C．Itwasrecommendedbyherparents.19．Whatdidtheman’sbrothermajorinatcollege?A．Psychology. B．Engineering. C．Business.20．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A．Eatout. B．Meetprofessors. C．Sharelivingfees.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A（2023·江西贛州·統(tǒng)考二模）FouroftheTop10FastestBulletTrainsintheWorld2023FUXINGHAOCR400AF/BF-CHINA,249MPHTheworld’sfastestlong-distancestandardtrainistheFuxingHaoCR400.ItrunsbetweenShanghaiandBeijinginjustfivehours,withacapacityofover550passengers.Knownas“DolphinBlue”and“GoldenPhoenix”arethetwoversionsAFandBF,slightlydifferentfromeachother.FuxingHaodebuted(首秀)in2016andlowereditssiblingHarmony380by13mphtosecondplace.EUROSTARE320-THEUNITEDKINGDOM,200MPHIn2015,SiemenslaunchedtheEurostarE320,whoseinteriorsweredesignedbyfamousPininfarinaItalianstylists.Thetrainwilleasilyaccommodate900people,20morethanEurostarE300.Eurostarisremarkablyenvironmentallysustainable,with90percentfeweremissionsperpassengerthanLondon’sflighttoParis.TALGO350-SPAIN,217MPHBuiltbyPatentesTalgo,theSpanishTalgo350runsbetweenMadridandBarcelona.InSpanish,thetrainhasanickname,‘Pato,’meaningduck.Thisisbecauseoftheraisednosecone(圓錐形)similartoaduckbill.Therearemultipleclassesforseats:Club(with14-26seats),First(with26seats)andCoach(with36seats).Eachseatcomeswithlampsforreadingandlaptopandmobilephonechargingpowerpoints.AGVITALO-ITALY,223MPHIthasthedistinctionofbeingthefastesttraininEuropeat223mph.Nicknamed“Ferrariofthetracks,’theplumredtrainsareoperatedbyNuovoTrasportoViaggiatori,acompanyledbyLucaCorderodiMontezemolo,theformerpresidentofFerrari.Thecompartmentsinitare9feettall,makingiteasiertonavigatewithbaggage,andthereareluxuriousleatherseatsalsointhegeneralcompartments.21．Whichofthefollowingisthefastesttrain?A．FuxingHaoCR400. B．EurostarE320.C．Talgo350. D．AgvItalo.22．HowmanypeoplecanEurostarE300hold?A．750. B．880.C．900. D．920.23．WhatdoTalgo350andAgvItalohaveincommon?A．Theirownnickname. B．Strangeshapes.C．Politicalbackgrounds. D．Largeseats.B（2023河南·高三校聯(lián)考開(kāi)學(xué)考試）WhenhurricanesleftapathofdestructioninPuertoRico,PennsylvaniaCollegeofTechnologystudentNataschaG.Santaellafeltavarietyofpainfulemotions.“IspentaroundsixdaysstressingandhavingaveryhardtimewithmehavingalltheluxuriesIcurrentlydoandmyfamilynothavingany,”theGuaynabo,PuertoRico,residentsaid.Santaellasaidthatherhometowniswithoutpowerandwater,andpeopletherearescaredofwhatistocome.Toreduceherstress,Santaella,whoisstudyingforanassociatedegreeinbakingandpastryarts,immersed(沉浸)herselfinwhatsheknowsbest:baking.“Itstartedoutasjustbakingbreadandshippingittotheislandtothenbedispersedtothepeople,butIfoundthatwasveryexpensiveformetodoalone,soIspokewithChefCharlesNiedermyer,ourinstructorofbakingandpastryartsaboutasaleofbakedgoodsinthecollege’sBushCampusCenter.”“Nataschaisabright,energeticyoungladywithabigheart,”Niedermyersaid.“Iwasnotsurprisedtofindherinmyoffice,lookingforwaystohelpthepeopleofPuertoRico.”Toprepare,SantaellahadmultiplemeetingswithNiedermyer,spenthoursfinalizingrecipes,designedsignage(標(biāo)志)anddecorations,andgotfriendstostaffthesaletablewithher.Andthentherewasthebaking:Santaellaandtwofriendsinthebakingandpastryartsmajorspentsixhoursbaking90loavesofbread,24dozendinnerrollsand30cheesecakesinavarietyofflavors.Duringthesix-hoursale,Santaellaandherfriendsraisedmorethan$1,000forUnitedforPuertoRico,aninitiativedesignedtoprovideaidandsupporttothoseaffectedinPuertoRicobythepassageofHurricaneIrmaandHurricaneMaria.“Ihopetomainlyincreaseawarenessofwhathashappened,andtoshowpeoplethattherearePuertoRicanstudentsatthisschool,”Santaellasaid.“IhopethatothershadthegreatexperienceIhadwithallmyteachersandhowunderstandingtheywerewithme.”24．WhydidSantaellafeelverystressed?A．Becauseabighurricanewasapproaching.B．Becauseshewasleftwithoutpowerandwater.C．Becauseherfolksweresufferingduetohurricanes.D．Becauseshelostallherbelongingsinthehurricane.25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispersed”probablymeaninParagraph3?A．Exposed. B．Connected. C．Distributed. D．Contributed.26．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．PuertoRicomightbestrickenbyhurricanesfrequently.B．NiedermyerrespondedtoSantaella’sideascoldly.C．Santaellaorganizedthesaleathercollegeallalone.D．PennsylvaniaCollegehasfewstudentsfromPuertoRico.27．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HurricaneCausesHugeLossestoPuertoRicoB．StudentPutsSkillstoUsetoHelpHerHometownC．CollegeStudentShowsBakingSkillsThroughSalesD．TeacherandStudentsWorkTogetherinFundRaisingC（2024·江西萍鄉(xiāng)·萍鄉(xiāng)中學(xué)?？家荒＃㊣magineyou’reoutforaneveningstrollinaforeigncity,lookingtofindarestaurantfordinner.Ifyou’relikemostpeople,youwilllookforthebusiestrestaurantwiththemostdinersbecauseitspopularityisboundtoreflectonthequalityoffoodandservice.Butisthistrue?Naturallycopyingotherpeople’sthoughtsorchoicesorsimplygoingwiththecrowdisoftenreferredtoas“herdbehaviour”.Itisafrequentoccurrenceamonghumansaswellasmanyotheranimals,acommonexamplebeingsheep.Herdingcanappeartomakealotofsense.Afterall,there’s“safetyinnumbers”.Psychologyresearchsuggeststhatthephenomenonreliesontheexistenceofsocialconnectionsorpatternsbetweenindividualsaswellasspecificmechanismsofpassingoninformation.Akeyprerequisite(前提)isthehumanabilityto“mentalise”,whichmeansbeingabletoreadandinterpretsomeoneelse’smentalstateandusingtheinformationtoexplaintheirchoices.Contrarytotheso-called“wisdomofcrowds”,whichemergeswhenthejudgementofindividualgroupmembersareindependentlycollectedtoproduceanaverageopinion,herdbehaviortypicallyrelyonso-called“informationcascades(信息瀑布)”,wherepeopletakeonothers’beliefsorcopytheirchoiceswithoutcriticallyassessingtheunderlyingreasons.Thisfrequentlyleadstotheimitationofirrational(不理性的)orsimplystupidbehaviors.Consequently,herdingcanhavemanyundesirableoutcomes,includingunfavorableinfluencesonconsumerchoices,?likeintherestaurantexampleabove.However,itseemsthereisnoquickandeasyfixtoresistthelureofherdbehaviour.Instead,long-termattitudechangesmaybenecessary,whichcouldinvolveindividualsadoptingmorecriticalapproachestowardstheirpeers’opinion,andquestioningothers’behaviorasopposedtoblindlyfollowingthem.28．Whichofthefollowingcanbecalled“herdbehaviour”?A．Choosingthemostcrowdedrestauranttodinein.B．Askingfriendsforsuggestionswheninconfusion.C．Runningoutimmediatelywhenthefirebellrings.D．Analyzingaproductcarefullybeforebuyingit.29．Animportantconditionforherdbehaviourliesin_______.A．explaininglifepatternsB．understandingsocialconnectionsC．comprehendingothers’mentalstateD．sharinginformationamongindividuals30．Whatleadstotheherdbehaviour?A．Wisdomofcrowds. B．Uncertainoutcomes.C．Lackofrationalanalyses. D．Enoughindividualopinions.31．Howcanpeopleavoidthetheherdbehaviour?A．Neverfollowthetrend. B．Keepaquestioningmind.C．Saynotoanypopularevents. D．Standoppositeagainstthepublic.D（2024·江西景德鎮(zhèn)·統(tǒng)考一模）Itturnsoutourplantsarejustlikeusinsomeways.Weturntomedicinestorelieveaminorfluorheadache,andplantstoohavetheirwaysofself-medicating.Theyprotectthemselvesfromenvironmentalhazardslikeinsects,droughtandheatbyproducingsalicylicacid(水楊酸).Itisresponsiblefortheanti-inflammatoryactionofaspirin,adrugwhichhasbeenusedbyhumansforcenturiestocounterpainandinflammation.Researchershavefoundthatplants’salicylicacid,whichisproducedinchloroplasts(葉綠體),isusuallygeneratedinresponsetothestresscausedbyclimatechange.“It’slikeplantsuseapainkillerforachesandpains,justlikewedo,”saidplantbiologistWilhelminavandevenfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,River-side(U.C．R)“We’dliketobeabletousethefindingtoimprovecropresistance(作物抗性),”saidU.C．R.plantgeneticistJin-ZhengWang.“Thatwillbecrucialforthefoodsupplyinourincreasinglyhot,brightworld.”HumanskinproducesROS(Reactiveoxygenspecies)(活性氧)intheabsenceofsunscreen.Thiscausesfrecklesandburns.Similarly,environmentalstressesresultintheformationofROSinplantswhich,athighlevels,cancausedeath.Atlowlevels,however,ROSservesanessentialfunctioninplantcells.“ROSisadouble-edgedsword,”saidWang.“Atnon-lethallevels,ROSarelikeanemergencycalltoaction,enablingtheproductionofprotectivehormones(激素)suchassalicylicacid.”Theacidthenactstoprotecttheplants’chloroplasts,knowntobethesiteofphotosynthesis.“Withclimatechange,thingslikesalicylicacid:

helpingplantsstanduptostresseshavebecomemorecommon.So,beingabletoincreaseplants’abilitytoproduceitrepresentsastepforwardinchallengingtheimpactsofclimatechangeoneverydaylife,”saidKatayoonDehesh,UCRprofessorofmolecularbiochemistry.“Thoseimpactsgobeyondourfood.Plantsbeingintroubleareasignofwhatthefutureholdsforus,”

shecontinued.“Plantscleanourairbyremovingthecarbondioxidefromitwhilealsoofferingusshade,andprovidinghabitatsfornumerousanimals.Forhumankind,

thebenefitsofboostingplants’abilitytosurvivearebecomingincreasinglyessential.”32．Whatisthemainfunctionofsalicylicacidinplants?A．Tosecureplants. B．Toproducechloroplasts.C．Torelievepainandinflammation. D．Togeneratehormones.33．WhatisthemaincauseofROSformationinplants?A．Lackofsunscreen. B．Chloroplasticacid.C．Environmentalstresses. D．UseofPhotosynthesis.34．WhatisthemaingoaloftheresearchersatUCR?A．Toexplorethehistoryandsignificanceofaspirininhumanmedicine.B．Toinventadevicethatcanmakeplantsdoself-medicating.C．Tocomparethedifferencesbetweenplantsandhumansinself-medicating.D．Toimprovecropresistancebyincreasingplants’abilitytoproducesalicylicacid.35．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Plantscanbeimprovedtoresistenvironmentalhazards.B．Plantsproducetheirownaspirintocopewithstress.C．Plantsandhumanssharesomecommonfeaturesandneeds.D．Plantscontributetothewell-beingofhumansandanimals.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（2023河北承德·高三）NewrulesandbehaviorstandardsformiddleschoolstudentscameoutinMarch．2017．Middleschoolsaregoingtouseanewwaytodecidewhothetopstudentsare，36Thefollowingaresomeofthenewrules．Tellthetruth．Haveyouevercopiedsomeoneelse'sworkinanexam？37That'snothonest．Ifyouhaveplayedcomputergamesfortwohoursinyourroom，don'ttellyourparentsthatyouhavedonehomework．Domoreatschool．Goodstudentsloveanimalsandcareforotherpeople．AprilisBird-LovingMonthinourcountry．Isyourschooldoinganythingtocelebrateit？Youshouldjoin!38Haveyoueverquarreledwithyourteammateswhenyourbasketballteamlost？Onlyworkingtogethercanmakeyourteamstronger．Befriendlytothepeopleyouarewith．Trytothinkofothers，notonlyyourself．Beopentonewideas．Haveyoueverthoughtthatpeoplecouldliveonthemoon？Perhapsyou'lldiscoverEarthIIsomeday．Don'tlookdownatanyone．39Youshouldwelcomethem，becausenewideasmakelifebetterforeveryone．Protectyourself．Hassomeoneevertakenmoneyfromoneofyourclassmates？Don'tletithappentoyou．Ifyouhavetogohomelate，youshouldletyourparentsknow．UsetheInternetcarefully．TheInternetcanbeveryusefulforyourstudies．ButsomethingsontheInternetaren'tforkids，sotrytolookatWebPagesthataregoodforyou．40A．Don'tdoitagain!B．Everyone'sideasareimportant．C．Studentsmustonlyworkandplayalone．D．Youcanusethewebforfunorhomework．E．Thebeststudentswon'tonlyhavehighmarks．F．Studentsshouldnotdisagreewiththeteachers．G．Inthatway，youcanlearnmoreaboutanimalsandhowtoprotectthem．第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題：每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。（2023·河南·襄城高中校聯(lián)考三模）Myphonerang.Itwasmyadvisercallingtotellmeapreprint(預(yù)印本)hadjustbeenpostedthatidentifiedwrongdataina41we’dpublished.Myheartsankashesaidthearticlewouldberetracted(撤回).Wecouldn’t42long—theplanesoontookoff.Ispentthe16-hourflightprocessingamixof43—disbelief,embarrassment,frustration—and44whatthiswouldmeanformycareer.Aftertheplanelanded,IfoundIreceivedafloodofmessages.Somewerefromsupportivecoworkers,butmany45ofourwork.Ifeltembarrassedbythecriticism.Bythatpoint,Ihad46aposition.Coworkersencouragedmetoignore47thatseemedtobedirectedatme48.Butitwashard.Istruggledwithself-esteem,startedto49meetingsanddeletedmyTwitteraccounttoprotectmy50health.Whenitbecameclearthataretractionwas51,Iofferedmyresignationtomydepartmenthead.Hedidn’t52it,sayingaresignationwasn’tneeded,consideringthe53inthearticlewerehonestmistakes.Idecidedto54,inhopesthatIcouldeventuallyrecovermy55bypublishingsoundscienceanddemonstratingI’dlearnedfrommymistakes.Butthathasturnedouttobea56path:I’vehadtroublegettingmyarticles57andhadproblemssecuringfundingfornewprojects.Despite(盡管)these58,Idon’tregretourdecisionto59mypaper.Itmayhavebeenembarrassing,butitwasthe60thingtodo.Andtheexperiencehelpedmegrowasascientist.41．A．poem B．magazine C．novel D．paper42．A．tolerate B．work C．talk D．stay43．A．doubts B．feelings C．choices D．faults44．A．wondering B．explaining C．introducing D．revising45．A．thought B．tired C．dreamed D．disapproved46．A．secured B．reserved C．missed D．refused47．A．warnings B．risks C．comments D．suggestions48．A．similarly B．personally C．suddenly D．respectively49．A．delay B．a(chǎn)ttend C．chair D．escape50．A．mental B．visual C．physical D．behavioral51．A．impossible B．worthwhile C．typical D．unavoidable52．A．prohibit B．a(chǎn)ccept C．a(chǎn)dmit D．ignore53．A．opinions B．headings C．errors D．highlights54．A．carryon B．pullover C．settlein D．breakaway55．A．health B．fortune C．reputation D．power56．A．fruitless B．tough C．controversial D．crowded57．A．a(chǎn)dapted B．finished C．published D．polished58．A．challenges B．mistakes C．predictions D．disagreements59．A．a(chǎn)dvocate B．withdraw C．share D．release60．A．specific B．simple C．only D．right第二節(jié)(共10小題:每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。（2023·江西·江西師大附中?？既＃〤hinesejumprope,alsoknownastiaopijin,isachildren’sgame.Onereasonforits61(popular)isthefactthatalthoughthemovescanbequite62(challenge),thegameitselfisverysimple.There’snoneedforplayers63(buy)expensiveequipmentsincewhattheyneedisonlyarope.Thegame64(begin)in7th-centuryChina.Inthe1960s,childrenintheWestadoptedthegame.Thegameis65(typical)playedinagroupofatleast3playerswitharopeabout16feet66lengthtiedintoacircle.Twoplayersfaceeachother67(stand)9feet