目的論視角下游戲本地化翻譯策略研究以《爐石傳說》卡牌趣聞為例

目的論視角下游戲本地化翻譯策略研究以《爐石傳說》卡牌趣聞為例一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle隨著全球化的推進(jìn)，游戲行業(yè)日益國(guó)際化，游戲本地化翻譯成為游戲成功打入全球市場(chǎng)的重要一環(huán)。本文旨在從目的論視角出發(fā)，探討游戲本地化翻譯策略，并以熱門游戲《爐石傳說》中的卡牌趣聞翻譯為例，進(jìn)行深入分析。目的論是一種翻譯理論，強(qiáng)調(diào)翻譯行為的目的性，認(rèn)為翻譯方法和策略的選擇應(yīng)基于翻譯的目的。在游戲本地化翻譯中，如何保持游戲的原汁原味，同時(shí)讓目標(biāo)語言玩家能夠理解和接受，是一個(gè)值得研究的問題。本文將通過對(duì)《爐石傳說》卡牌趣聞的翻譯實(shí)踐進(jìn)行分析，探討如何在目的論指導(dǎo)下，制定出合適的本地化翻譯策略，以期對(duì)游戲本地化翻譯的理論和實(shí)踐有所貢獻(xiàn)。Withtheadvancementofglobalization,thegamingindustryisbecomingincreasinglyinternationalized,andlocalizedtranslationofgameshasbecomeanimportantpartofsuccessfullyenteringtheglobalmarket.Thisarticleaimstoexploregamelocalizationtranslationstrategiesfromateleologicalperspective,andtoconductin-depthanalysisusingthetranslationofcardanecdotesfromthepopulargameHearthstoneasanexample.Skopostheoryisatranslationtheorythatemphasizesthepurposefulnessoftranslationbehaviorandbelievesthattheselectionoftranslationmethodsandstrategiesshouldbebasedonthepurposeoftranslation.Ingamelocalizationtranslation,howtomaintaintheoriginalflavorofthegamewhileallowingtargetlanguageplayerstounderstandandacceptitisaworthwhileresearchquestion.ThisarticlewillanalyzethetranslationpracticeofinterestingcardstoriesinHearthstoneandexplorehowtodevelopappropriatelocalizationtranslationstrategiesundertheguidanceofSkopostheory,inordertocontributetothetheoryandpracticeofgamelocalizationtranslation.二、理論框架：目的論翻譯理論Theoreticalframework:Skopostheorytranslationtheory目的論翻譯理論是由德國(guó)翻譯理論家漢斯·弗米爾（HansVermeer）和凱瑟琳娜·萊斯（KatharinaReiss）提出的，它強(qiáng)調(diào)了翻譯行為的目的性和翻譯策略的選擇應(yīng)以翻譯的目的為導(dǎo)向。在目的論視角下，翻譯不再是一種簡(jiǎn)單的語言轉(zhuǎn)換過程，而是一種跨文化、跨語言的交際行為，其目的在于實(shí)現(xiàn)特定情境下的交際功能。ThepurposeorientedtranslationtheorywasproposedbyGermantranslationtheoristsHansVermeerandKatharinaReiss.Itemphasizesthepurposefulnessoftranslationbehaviorandthechoiceoftranslationstrategiesshouldbeguidedbythepurposeoftranslation.Fromtheperspectiveoffunctionalism,translationisnolongerasimplelanguageconversionprocess,butacross-culturalandcrosslinguisticcommunicativebehavioraimedatachievingcommunicativefunctionsinspecificcontexts.目的論翻譯理論認(rèn)為，翻譯行為受多種因素制約，包括發(fā)起者、譯者、接受者、翻譯文本的功能、翻譯的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)等。譯者在翻譯過程中應(yīng)根據(jù)這些因素綜合考慮，選擇最合適的翻譯策略。目的論還提出了“目的法則”“連貫法則”和“忠實(shí)法則”三個(gè)翻譯原則，其中“目的法則”是最核心的原則，它要求翻譯策略的選擇應(yīng)以實(shí)現(xiàn)翻譯目的為首要考慮。Thepurposeorientedtranslationtheoryholdsthattranslationbehaviorisconstrainedbyvariousfactors,includingtheinitiator,translator,receiver,thefunctionofthetranslatedtext,andthetimeandplaceoftranslation.Translatorsshouldconsiderthesefactorscomprehensivelyandchoosethemostsuitabletranslationstrategyduringthetranslationprocess.TheSkopostheoryalsoproposesthreetranslationprinciples:theSkoposRule,theCoherenceRule,andtheFidelityRule.Amongthem,theSkoposRuleisthemostcoreprinciple,whichrequirestheselectionoftranslationstrategiestoprioritizeachievingthetranslationpurpose.在游戲本地化翻譯中，目的論翻譯理論具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。游戲本地化翻譯的目的在于讓玩家在理解和享受游戲內(nèi)容的感受到游戲的文化魅力。因此，譯者在進(jìn)行游戲本地化翻譯時(shí)，應(yīng)充分考慮游戲的文化背景、玩家需求、游戲類型等因素，選擇適當(dāng)?shù)姆g策略，以實(shí)現(xiàn)游戲的本地化傳播和玩家的文化認(rèn)同。Ingamelocalizationtranslation,thepurposeorientedtranslationtheoryhasimportantguidingsignificance.Thepurposeofgamelocalizationtranslationistoallowplayerstoexperiencetheculturalcharmofthegamewhileunderstandingandenjoyingthegamecontent.Therefore,whentranslatinggamelocalization,translatorsshouldfullyconsiderfactorssuchastheculturalbackgroundofthegame,playerneeds,andgametype,andchooseappropriatetranslationstrategiestoachievelocalizeddisseminationofthegameandplayerculturalidentity.以《爐石傳說》卡牌趣聞為例，譯者在翻譯過程中應(yīng)根據(jù)卡牌的特點(diǎn)、文化背景和玩家需求等因素，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)姆g策略。例如，對(duì)于具有文化特色的卡牌名稱，譯者可以采用音譯加解釋的方式，幫助玩家理解其含義；對(duì)于卡牌描述中的幽默元素，譯者應(yīng)保留其幽默感，使玩家在游戲中感受到輕松愉快的氛圍。通過運(yùn)用目的論翻譯理論，譯者可以更好地實(shí)現(xiàn)游戲本地化翻譯的目的，提高玩家的游戲體驗(yàn)。Taking"HearthstoneLegend"cardanecdotesasanexample,translatorsshouldchooseappropriatetranslationstrategiesbasedonfactorssuchasthecharacteristicsofthecards,culturalbackground,andplayerneedsduringthetranslationprocess.Forexample,forcardnameswithculturalcharacteristics,translatorscanusetransliterationandexplanationtohelpplayersunderstandtheirmeanings;Forthehumorouselementsincarddescriptions,translatorsshouldretaintheirsenseofhumortocreatearelaxedandenjoyableatmosphereforplayersinthegame.ByapplyingtheSkopostheoryoftranslation,translatorscanbetterachievethegoaloflocalizedgametranslationandimprovethegamingexperienceofplayers.三、《爐石傳說》卡牌趣聞的翻譯策略TranslationStrategiesforFunCardStoriesinHearthstoneLegend在《爐石傳說》這款游戲中，卡牌趣聞的翻譯是一項(xiàng)既具挑戰(zhàn)性又充滿趣味性的任務(wù)。這些趣聞不僅需要傳達(dá)卡牌的基本信息和效果，還需要保持原有的幽默和文化特色。在目的論視角下，翻譯策略的選擇應(yīng)以實(shí)現(xiàn)譯文的預(yù)期功能為首要目標(biāo)。InthegameHearthstone,translatingcardanecdotesisachallengingandfuntask.Theseanecdotesnotonlyneedtoconveythebasicinformationandeffectsofthecards,butalsoneedtomaintaintheiroriginalhumorandculturalcharacteristics.Fromtheperspectiveoffunctionalism,theselectionoftranslationstrategiesshouldprioritizeachievingtheexpectedfunctionofthetranslation.針對(duì)《爐石傳說》卡牌趣聞的翻譯，我們采用了直譯與意譯相結(jié)合的策略。對(duì)于那些直接傳達(dá)卡牌效果和信息的部分，我們采用了直譯的方式，以保持原文的準(zhǔn)確性和客觀性。例如，對(duì)于描述卡牌屬性的詞匯和句子，我們直接將其翻譯成對(duì)應(yīng)的中文詞匯和表達(dá)方式，以確保玩家能夠準(zhǔn)確理解卡牌的性能和特點(diǎn)。WeadoptedastrategyofcombiningliteralandfreetranslationforthetranslationofthecardanecdotesinHearthstoneLegend.Forthosepartsthatdirectlyconveycardeffectsandinformation,wehaveadoptedaliteraltranslationapproachtomaintaintheaccuracyandobjectivityoftheoriginaltext.Forexample,forvocabularyandsentencesdescribingcardattributes,wedirectlytranslatethemintocorrespondingChinesevocabularyandexpressionstoensurethatplayerscanaccuratelyunderstandtheperformanceandcharacteristicsofthecard.然而，對(duì)于那些包含幽默元素和文化特色的部分，我們則采用了意譯的策略。我們努力尋找與原文相似的中文表達(dá)方式，以保留原文的幽默感和文化內(nèi)涵。例如，在翻譯一些具有雙關(guān)語或文化背景的趣聞時(shí)，我們會(huì)在保持原文意義的基礎(chǔ)上，盡可能地使用符合中文表達(dá)習(xí)慣的詞匯和句式，以確保玩家能夠感受到與原文相似的幽默和文化魅力。However,forthosepartsthatcontainhumorouselementsandculturalcharacteristics,wehaveadoptedastrategyoffreetranslation.WestrivetofindChineseexpressionsthataresimilartotheoriginaltext,inordertopreservethehumorandculturalconnotationsoftheoriginaltext.Forexample,whentranslatingsomeinterestinganecdoteswithpunsorculturalbackgrounds,wewilltrytousevocabularyandsentencestructuresthatareinlinewithChineseexpressionhabitswhilemaintainingtheoriginalmeaning,toensurethatplayerscanfeelsimilarhumorandculturalcharmtotheoriginaltext.在翻譯過程中，我們還注重譯文的流暢性和可讀性。我們努力使譯文符合中文的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，避免生硬和拗口的翻譯。我們還注重譯文的節(jié)奏和韻律感，以使玩家在閱讀過程中能夠感受到游戲的樂趣和魅力。Inthetranslationprocess,wealsopayattentiontothefluencyandreadabilityofthetranslation.WestrivetomakethetranslationconformtoChineseexpressionhabitsandavoidstiffandawkwardtranslations.Wealsopayattentiontotherhythmandsenseofrhythminthetranslation,sothatplayerscanfeelthefunandcharmofthegameduringthereadingprocess.在《爐石傳說》卡牌趣聞的翻譯過程中，我們根據(jù)目的論視角下的翻譯原則，采用了直譯與意譯相結(jié)合的策略，并注重譯文的流暢性和可讀性。這些策略的選擇旨在實(shí)現(xiàn)譯文的預(yù)期功能，即讓玩家能夠準(zhǔn)確理解卡牌信息，感受到游戲的幽默和文化魅力，從而提升游戲體驗(yàn)。IntheprocessoftranslatingthecardanecdotesofHearthstone,weadoptedacombinationofliteralandfreetranslationstrategiesbasedonthetranslationprinciplesfromtheperspectiveofSkopostheory,andemphasizedthefluencyandreadabilityofthetranslation.Theselectionofthesestrategiesaimstoachievetheexpectedfunctionofthetranslation,whichistoenableplayerstoaccuratelyunderstandcardinformation,feelthehumorandculturalcharmofthegame,andtherebyenhancethegamingexperience.四、案例分析Caseanalysis以《爐石傳說》為例，探討目的論視角下游戲本地化翻譯策略的應(yīng)用。作為一款全球知名的卡牌游戲，《爐石傳說》在本地化過程中，對(duì)卡牌趣聞的翻譯處理顯得尤為關(guān)鍵。卡牌趣聞通常包含了豐富的文化背景和幽默元素，如何在保持原意的基礎(chǔ)上，讓不同文化背景的玩家都能感受到其中的趣味，是本地化翻譯的重要任務(wù)。Taking"TheLegendofHearthstone"asanexample,thispaperexplorestheapplicationofgamelocalizationtranslationstrategiesfromateleologicalperspective.Asagloballyrenownedcardgame,thetranslationandhandlingofcardanecdotesinHearthstoneisparticularlycrucialinthelocalizationprocess.Cardanecdotesusuallycontainrichculturalbackgroundsandhumorouselements.Howtomakeplayersfromdifferentculturalbackgroundsfeelthefunwhilemaintainingtheoriginalmeaningisanimportanttaskoflocalizedtranslation.在目的論指導(dǎo)下，翻譯者在處理《爐石傳說》卡牌趣聞時(shí)，采取了多種策略。翻譯者注重保持原文的幽默感和文化特色，通過直譯和音譯相結(jié)合的方式，將原文中的趣味元素傳遞給目標(biāo)語言玩家。例如，對(duì)于某些具有特定文化背景的卡牌名稱，翻譯者采用了音譯的方式，保留了原文的發(fā)音特點(diǎn)，同時(shí)在注釋中解釋了文化背景和含義，幫助目標(biāo)語言玩家理解。Undertheguidanceofteleology,translatorshaveadoptedvariousstrategieswhendealingwithcardanecdotesinHearthstone.Thetranslatorpaysattentiontomaintainingthehumorandculturalcharacteristicsoftheoriginaltext,andthroughacombinationofliteraltranslationandtransliteration,conveystheinterestingelementsintheoriginaltexttothetargetlanguageplayer.Forexample,forcertaincardnameswithspecificculturalbackgrounds,translatorsusetransliterationtopreservethepronunciationcharacteristicsoftheoriginaltext,whileexplainingtheculturalbackgroundandmeaninginannotationstohelptargetlanguageplayersunderstand.翻譯者在處理卡牌趣聞時(shí)，也充分考慮了目標(biāo)語言玩家的語言習(xí)慣和審美需求。對(duì)于某些在原文中可能引發(fā)誤解或難以理解的表達(dá)，翻譯者進(jìn)行了適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整或解釋，以確保目標(biāo)語言玩家能夠準(zhǔn)確理解卡牌趣聞的內(nèi)涵。同時(shí)，翻譯者還注重保持譯文的簡(jiǎn)潔明了，避免過于復(fù)雜的表達(dá)方式，以便目標(biāo)語言玩家能夠快速獲取信息并享受游戲樂趣。Whendealingwithcardanecdotes,translatorsalsofullyconsiderthelanguagehabitsandaestheticneedsoftargetlanguageplayers.Forcertainexpressionsthatmaycausemisunderstandingsorbedifficulttounderstandintheoriginaltext,thetranslatorhasmadeappropriateadjustmentsorexplanationstoensurethatthetargetlanguageplayercanaccuratelyunderstandthemeaningofthecardanecdotes.Atthesametime,translatorsalsopayattentiontomaintainingtheconcisenessandclarityofthetranslation,avoidingoverlycomplexexpressions,sothattargetlanguageplayerscanquicklyobtaininformationandenjoythefunofthegame.翻譯者在本地化翻譯過程中，也注重與其他游戲元素的協(xié)調(diào)性和一致性?？ㄅ迫ぢ劦姆g不僅要符合游戲整體的語言風(fēng)格，還要與游戲的其他元素如卡牌設(shè)計(jì)、游戲規(guī)則等保持一致。這樣一來，玩家在體驗(yàn)游戲時(shí)能夠感受到更加和諧統(tǒng)一的游戲世界。Translatorsalsopayattentiontocoordinationandconsistencywithothergameelementsduringthelocalizationtranslationprocess.Thetranslationofcardanecdotesshouldnotonlyconformtotheoveralllanguagestyleofthegame,butalsobeconsistentwithotherelementsofthegamesuchascarddesignandgamerules.Inthisway,playerscanfeelamoreharmoniousandunifiedgamingworldwhileexperiencingthegame.在目的論視角下，《爐石傳說》卡牌趣聞的本地化翻譯策略體現(xiàn)了翻譯者的靈活性和創(chuàng)新性。通過直譯、音譯、注釋等多種方式，翻譯者成功地將原文中的趣味元素傳遞給目標(biāo)語言玩家，同時(shí)注重保持譯文的簡(jiǎn)潔明了和與其他游戲元素的協(xié)調(diào)性。這些策略的應(yīng)用不僅提高了游戲本地化翻譯的質(zhì)量，也為玩家?guī)砹烁迂S富多彩的游戲體驗(yàn)。Fromtheperspectiveofteleology,thelocalizationtranslationstrategyofcardanecdotesinHearthstonereflectstheflexibilityandinnovationoftranslators.Throughvariousmethodssuchasliteraltranslation,transliteration,andannotation,thetranslatorsuccessfullyconveystheinterestingelementsintheoriginaltexttothetargetlanguageplayer,whilepayingattentiontomaintainingtheconciseness,clarity,andcoordinationwithothergameelementsofthetranslation.Theapplicationofthesestrategiesnotonlyimprovesthequalityofgamelocalizationtranslation,butalsobringsplayersamorediversegamingexperience.五、結(jié)論Conclusion隨著全球化的不斷發(fā)展，游戲本地化翻譯策略在跨文化傳播中扮演著日益重要的角色。本文以《爐石傳說》卡牌趣聞的翻譯為例，從目的論視角探討了游戲本地化翻譯的策略與實(shí)踐。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在游戲本地化翻譯過程中，翻譯者需要根據(jù)游戲的文化背景、玩家需求以及目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)的語言習(xí)慣，采取合適的翻譯策略，以確保翻譯內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確性、可讀性和可接受性。Withthecontinuousdevelopmentofglobalization,gamelocalizationtranslationstrategiesplayanincreasinglyimportantroleincross-culturalcommunication.ThisarticletakesthetranslationofinterestingcardanecdotesinHearthstoneasanexampletoexplorethestrategiesandpracticesofgamelocalizationtranslationfromateleologicalperspective.Researchhasfoundthatintheprocessofgamelocalizationtranslation,translatorsneedtoadoptappropriatetranslationstrategiesbasedontheculturalbackgroundofthegame,playerneeds,andlanguagehabitsofthetargetmarkettoensuretheaccuracy,readability,andacceptabilityofthetranslatedcontent.在《爐石傳說》卡牌趣聞的翻譯中，翻譯者通過采用歸化策略，將原文中的文化元素和游戲術(shù)語轉(zhuǎn)化為目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)的常見表達(dá)，降低了玩家的認(rèn)知難度，提高了游戲的趣味性。翻譯者還注重保留原文中的信息點(diǎn)，采用直譯和意譯相結(jié)合的方法，確保了翻譯內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確性和完整性。這些翻譯策略的應(yīng)用，不僅提高了游戲本地化翻譯的質(zhì)量，也增強(qiáng)了玩家對(duì)游戲的認(rèn)同感和參與度。InthetranslationofcardanecdotesinHearthstone,thetranslatoradoptsadomesticationstrategytotransformculturalelementsandgameterminologyfromtheoriginaltextintocommonexpressionsinthetargetmarket,reducingthecognitivedifficultyofplayersandimprovingthefunofthegame.Translatorsalsopayattentiontopreservingtheinformationpointsintheoriginaltext,usingacombinationofliteralandfreetranslationmethodstoensuretheaccuracyandcompletenessofthetranslatedcontent.Theapplicationofthesetranslationstrategiesnotonlyimprovesthequalityofgamelocalizationtranslation,butalsoenhancesplayers'senseofidentificationandparticipationinthegame.本研究對(duì)于游戲本地化翻譯的實(shí)踐具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。未來的研究可以進(jìn)一步探討不同游戲類型和文化背景下的本地化翻譯策略，以豐富和完善游戲本地化翻譯的理論體系和實(shí)踐方法。隨著游戲產(chǎn)業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展和全球化趨勢(shì)的加強(qiáng)，游戲本地化翻譯策略的研究也將具有更加廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。Thisstudyhascertainguidingsignificanceforthepracticeofgamelocalizationtranslation.Futureresearchcanfurtherexplorelocalizationtranslationstrategiesunderdifferentgametypesandculturalbackgrounds,inordertoenrichandimprovethetheoreticalsystemandpracticalmethodsofgamelocalizationtranslation.Withthecontinuousdevelopmentofthegamingindustryandthestrengtheningofglobalizationtrends,researchongamelocalizationtranslationstrategieswillalsohavebroaderapplicationprospects.七、附錄Appendix原文：“Youropponent'sheropowercosts(2)more.”O(jiān)riginaltext:"Yourpartner'sheropowercosts(2)more."分析：這句話的翻譯策略主要采用了直譯法，直接傳達(dá)了原文的意思，同時(shí)也保留了原文的簡(jiǎn)潔性。在游戲本地化翻譯中，保持原文的簡(jiǎn)潔和直接性是非常重要的，因?yàn)橥婕以谟螒蛑行枰焖倮斫庑畔?。Analysis:Thetranslationstrategyofthissentencemainlyadoptstheliteraltranslationmethod,whichdirectlyconveysthemeaningoftheoriginaltextwhileretainingitsconciseness.Ingamelocalizationtranslation,itisveryimportanttokeeptheoriginaltextconciseanddirect,asplayersneedtoquicklyunderstandinformationinthegame.原文：“Whenyoucastaspell,deal2damagetoarandomenemyminion.”O(jiān)riginaltext:"Whenyoucastaspell,deal2damagetoarandomenergymine."分析：這句話的翻譯策略采用了意譯法，將原文的“castaspell”翻譯為“施放法術(shù)”，更符合中文表達(dá)習(xí)慣。同時(shí)，對(duì)“arandomenemyminion”的翻譯也準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)了原文的意思，使玩家能夠快速理解游戲規(guī)則。Analysis:Thetranslationstrategyofthissentenceadoptsthefreetranslationmethod