西北狼聯(lián)盟高三開學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題

西北狼聯(lián)盟2020—2021學(xué)年度開學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測高2021屆英語試題（全卷共六個大題，滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘）第Ⅰ卷(共三部分)第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題，每題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersbringtothepicnic?A.Somedrinks.B.Somefruit.C.Somedesserts.2.Whatdidthemanlikeaboutthemovie?A.Theacting.B.Themusic.C.Thescenery.3.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Playbaseball.B.Watchagame.C.Doherwork.4.Whatwillthewomanworkas?A.Anassistant.B.Alawyer.C.Ateacher.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.AnewTVset.B.ATVprogram.C.Aradioprogram.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemantaketoschool?A.Fivebooks.B.Threepens.C.Tworulers.7.Whydoestheman’sbackhurt?A.Hestudiesfortoolong.B.Hepicksupsomedictionaries.C.Hecarriesaheavybackpack.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Wholostthecarkeys?A.Kelsey.B.Tim.C.David.9.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inacar.B.Inthemainoffice.C.InTim’soffice.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatdoesEmmaneed?A.Dresses.B.Shirts.C.Pants.11.WhyisEmmaunsureofthestore?A.Shewantsthelateststyles.B.Shewantsalotofchoices.C.Shewantshelpfulclerks.12WhatdoesEmmaoftendo?A.Sheoftengoestofashionshows.B.Sheoftenreadsthefashionmagazines.C.Sheoftenshopsinthedepartmentstore.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whogotanewjob?A.Anna.B.Anna’sfather.C.Anna’smother.14.WhatdoweknowaboutAnna’snewhouse?A.Ithassmallrooms.B.Ithasfewwindows.C.Ithasmanytreesaroundit.15.HowdoesAnnafeelabouttheoldhouse?A.Shemissesit.B.Shethinksit’spretty.C.Shelovesitthemost.16.WhenisDaveingoverprobably?A.Thissummer.B.Thisweekend.C.Nextweekend.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatisamajorchallengethatStevieWonderhashadtoface?A.Hisunsuccessfulrecords.B.Pressurefromothermusicians.CNotbeingabletousehiseyes.18.WhendidStevieWonderstarthisprofessionalcareer?A.Attheageof6.B.Attheageof11.C.Attheageof19.19.HowmanyGrammyAwardsdidStevieWonderreceive?A.10.B.25.C.30.20.WhatkindsofsongsdidStevieWonderoftenrecord?A.Rapsongsaboutlife.B.Sadsongsaboutdeath.C.Happysongsaboutlove.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳答案，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AOurAnnualCulturalEventsANightinRioWeareproudtobringtheenergyandenthusiasmofBrazilianCarnivaltoCharlottewithANightinRio!GetatasteofCarnivalthroughdancing,livemusic,authenticfood,drinksandmarketplace.Putonyourgreenandyellow,andjoinusfortheunforgettableexperienceofBrazilianCarnival!Date:Saturday,February24,2019Location:NeighborhoodTheatre,CharlotteTime:7PMTICKETSAVAILABLEONLYATTHEDOORRitmo&SaborWearethrilledtobringtheannualcelebrationRitmo&SaborFestival!FeaturingdanceperformancesandFREEdancelessonsanddelicious,authenticLatincuisine,thisfestivalwillbeafantasticcelebrationfortheentirefamilytoenjoy!Foodandbeerwillbeavailableforpurchase.eouttoenjoyagreatsummereveningofRitmo&Sabor!Date:SaturdayJuly2,2019Location:International&CulturalCenter,CharlotteTime:511PMFREEADMISSIONLasAméricasJoinusintheannualcelebrationLASAMéRICAS!WedisplayourhistoryandidentityofLatinAmericathroughmusicalperformances,storytellingandpoetry.Enjoyyourselfwithlocalartists,shopyourwaythroughamarketofartsandcraftsandjoininsomeofthefinestLatinAmericancuisine.Date:August18,2019Location:MidwoodInternational&CultureCenter,CharlotteTime:27PMAdmissionisFREE.LatinAmericanFestivalFestivalLatinoamericanoreturnsforits28thyear,withmusicalartistsanddanceperformances,adiverseauthenticselectionofLatinAmericanfood,visualartists,andastreetfestivalenvironmentwithactivitiesforthewholefamily.Location:SymphonyParkatSouthParkMall,CharlotteDate:SaturdaySept.29(18pm)Admission:$10;Childrenaged8&underarefree.1.WhatdoesRitmo&Sabormainlyprovide?A.Musicandvisualart. B.Foodandbeer.C.Danceandpoetry. D.Danceandfood.2.Whicheventrequiresaticketforasevenyearoldchild?A.LasAméricas. B.Ritmo&Sabor.C.ANightinRio. D.LatinAmericanFestival.3.Theeventin_________isheldinthefirstquarteroftheyear.A.NeighborhoodTheatre B.International&CulturalCenterC.MidwoodInternational&CultureCenter D.Symphony【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個年度文化活動的情況，包括活動時間、地點以及收費(fèi)情況等?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ritmo&Sabor部分中“FeaturingdanceperformancesandFREEdancelessonsanddelicious,authenticLatincuisine,thisfestivalwillbeafantasticcelebrationfortheentirefamilytoenjoy!(以舞蹈表演、免費(fèi)舞蹈課程和美味、正宗的拉丁美食為特色，這個節(jié)日將是全家人一起享受的美妙慶?；顒?！)”可知，Ritmo&Sabor主要提供舞蹈和食物。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ANightinRio部分中“TICKETSAVAILABLEONLYATTHEDOOR(票只在門口有售)”；Ritmo&Sabor部分中“FREEADMISSION(免門票)”；LasAméricas部分中“AdmissionisFREE.(免門票)”以及LatinAmericanFestival部分中“Admission:$10;Childrenaged8&underarefree.(門票：10美元；8歲及以下兒童免費(fèi))”可知，ANightinRio活動需要7歲小孩買票。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ANightinRio部分中“Date:Saturday,February24,2019；Location:NeighborhoodTheatre,Charlotte(活動日期：2019年2月24日，星期六；地點：NeighborhoodTheatre,Charlotte)”Ritmo&Sabor部分中“Date:SaturdayJuly2,2019(活動日期：2019年7月2日，星期六)”；LasAméricas部分中“Date:August18,2019(活動日期：2019年8月18日)”以及LatinAmericanFestival部分中“Date:SaturdaySept.29(18pm)(活動日期：9月29日，星期六，晚上1點到8點)”可知，NeighborhoodTheatre內(nèi)的活動于今年第一季度舉行。故選A。BJamesHarrisonhasdonatedbloodfromhisrightarm,nearlyeveryweekforthepast60years.Thereasoncandatebackaseriousmedicaloperation.Attheageof14,JamesHarrisonhadamajorchestoperationandherequired13units(3.4gallons)ofbloodafterwards.Theblooddonationssavedhislife,andhedecidedthatonceheturned18,hewouldbegindonatingbloodasregularlyashecould.Morethan60yearsandalmost1,200donationslater,Harrison,whosebloodcontainsanantibody(抗體)thathassavedthelivesof2.4millionbabiesfrommiscarriages(流產(chǎn)),retiredasablooddonoronMay11.Harrison’sbloodisvaluablebecausehenaturallyproducesRhnegativeblood,whichcontainsRhpositiveantibodies.HisbloodhasbeenusedtocreateantiDinAustraliasince1967.“EverybottleofAntiDevermadeinAustraliahasJames’init,”RobynBarlow,theRhprogramdirectortoldtheSydneyMorningHerald.“It’sanamazingthing.Hehassavedmillionsofbabies.Icryjustthinkingaboutit.”Sincethen,Harrisonhasdonatedbetween500and800millilitersofbloodalmosteveryweek.He’smade1,162donationsfromhisrightarmand10fromhisleft.“I’dkeepgoingiftheyletme,”HarrisontoldtheHerald.Hisdoctorssaiditwastimetostopthedonations—andtheycertainlydon’ttakethemlightly.Theyhadalreadyextendedtheagelimitforblooddonationsforhim,andthey’recuttinghimoffnowtoprotecthishealth.Hemadehisfinaldonationsurroundedbysomeofthemothersandbabieswhohisbloodhelpedsave.Harrison’sretirementisablowtotheRhtreatmentprograminAustralia.Only160donorssupporttheprogram,andfindingnewdonorshasproventobedifficult.ButHarrison’sretirementfromgivingblooddoesn’tmeanhe’spletelyoutofthegame.ScientistsarecollectingandcataloginghisDNAtocreatealibraryofantibodiesandwhitebloodcellsthatcouldbethefutureoftheantiDprograminAustralia.4.WhatdoweknowaboutJamesHarrison?A.Heistoretireasablooddonor. B.Hesaved2.4millionpoorpeople.C.Hedonatesbloodnearlyeveryday. D.Heisaverygratefulblooddonor.5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingParagraph5?A.TodescribehowHarrison’sdonationsetoanend.B.TointroducesomebabiessavedbyHarrison’sblood.C.TostateHarrison’sdecisiontocontinuedonatingblood.D.TopraiseHarrisonforhiscooperationwiththedoctors.6WhatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutHarrison?A.Newdonorsareeasytofindinashorttime.B.HecontinuestocontributetotheRhprogram.C.HisDNAiskeptinalibraryforfuturestudy.D.Afterhisretirement,theRhprogramwillfail.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AUniqueManwithaRareBloodType B.ASpecialBloodTypeDonortoRetireC.TheManwiththe“GoldenArm” D.TheBloodSavingMillionsofBabies【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了JamesHarrison14歲時，做了一次重大的胸部手術(shù)后，決定一旦年滿18歲，就開始盡可能地獻(xiàn)血，以幫助有需要的人們。并且他的一生也確實獻(xiàn)了許多血，救助了許多人，也為Rhprogram做出了貢獻(xiàn)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Attheageof14,JamesHarrisonhadamajorchestoperationandherequired13units(3.4gallons)ofbloodafterwards.Theblooddonationssavedhislife,andhedecidedthatonceheturned18,hewouldbegindonatingbloodasregularlyashecould.”（14歲時，詹姆斯·哈里森(JamesHarrison)做了一次大型胸部手術(shù)，之后需要13單位(3.4加侖)的血液。獻(xiàn)血挽救了他的生命，他決定一到18歲，就開始盡可能定期獻(xiàn)血。）可推知，他是一個心存感激的獻(xiàn)血者。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Hisdoctorssaiditwastimetostopthedonations—andtheycertainlydon’ttakethemlightly.Theyhadalreadyextendedtheagelimitforblooddonationsforhim,andthey’recuttinghimoffnowtoprotecthishealth.Hemadehisfinaldonationsurroundedbysomeofthemothersandbabieswhohisbloodhelpedsave.”（他的醫(yī)生說，是時候停止捐贈了——他們當(dāng)然不會掉以輕心。他們已經(jīng)延長了他獻(xiàn)血的年齡限制，為了保護(hù)他的健康，他們現(xiàn)在要停止他的獻(xiàn)血。他最后一次獻(xiàn)血時，周圍都是用他的血拯救的母親和嬰兒。）可知，第五段主要描述哈里森的獻(xiàn)血是如何結(jié)束的。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段““I’dkeepgoingiftheyletme,”HarrisontoldtheHerald.”（哈里森告訴《先驅(qū)報》說:“如果他們允許，我會繼續(xù)下去?！保┛赏浦?，他會繼續(xù)為Rh項目做貢獻(xiàn)。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第一段的“JamesHarrisonhasdonatedbloodfromhisrightarm,nearlyeveryweekforthepast60years.”（在過去的60年里，詹姆斯·哈里森幾乎每周都捐獻(xiàn)右臂血液。）可知，本文主要講述了JamesHarrison14歲時，做了一次重大的胸部手術(shù)后，決定一旦年滿18歲，就開始盡可能地獻(xiàn)血，以幫助有需要的人們。并且他的一生也確實獻(xiàn)了許多血，救助了許多人，也為Rhprogram做出了貢獻(xiàn)。C項：TheManwiththe“GoldenArm”（那個擁有黃金手臂的人）可作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。CItiscalledamobility（移動性）systemorwheelchair—anditcanbeseenatTokyoAirportmovingonitsown.Themobilitysystemseatsonepersonandisabletofinditswayonitsownwithouthittinganything.Ithasapreprogrammedpathofabout600metersatTokyo’sHanedaInternationalWHILLChiefExecutiveSatoshiSugiesaidroboticsandselfdrivingtechnologyreducetheneedforahumanatthewheel.Theyareespeciallyusefulinthesedifficulttimeswhenwearelivingwiththecoronavirus（冠狀病毒）.“Weare…developingourbusinessinordertohelprestoreaworldwherepeoplecanenjoymovingaroundwithpeaceofmind,”Sugiesaid.Thesystemishelpingwithsocialdistancingwhilefightingthespreadofthecoronavirus.Italsohelpsolderpassengersandthosewhoneedhelpwalkingthelastfewstepstotheboardinggate.What’smore,itcouldhelpJapanfreeuplabor.Japan,likemanyothernations,suffersfromalaborshortage.Thetechnologycouldfreeaworkertodoanotherjob.Testshavebeencarriedoutatseveralairportssincelastyear,includingJohnF.KennedyInternationalAirportinNewYork.Thepanyhopestoputitinairportsaroundtheworld.8.Whatisspecialaboutthemobilitysystem?A.Itproducesnopollution. B.Itworksbysolarenergy.C.Itneedsnohelpattheairport. D.Itadjuststhespeedtothepath.9.WhatdoesSatoshiSugiethinkofthewheelchair?A.Itisuselesstosomepeople. B.Itiswellworthusingwidely.C.Itneedstobefurthertested. D.Itmaynotworkwellinotherplaces.10Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Variousdifficultiesofboarding.B.Newtreatmentforthecoronavirus.C.Thereasonsforalaborshortage.D.Theadvantagesofthemobilitysystem.11.Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?A.Scienceandtechnology.. B.Businessandculture.C.Sportsandmusic D.Geographyandhistory.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了東京機(jī)場的一種移動系統(tǒng)或輪椅。該系統(tǒng)不費(fèi)人力、自行導(dǎo)航，可廣泛應(yīng)用于機(jī)場、醫(yī)院或公園等場所，有望得到廣泛應(yīng)用。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Itiscalledamobility（移動性）systemorwheelchair—anditcanbeseenatTokyoAirportmovingonitsown.”（它被稱為移動系統(tǒng)或輪椅ーー在東京機(jī)場可以看到它自己在移動。）?？芍?，這個移動系統(tǒng)不需要外在的幫助，靠自己運(yùn)行。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“WHILLChiefExecutiveSatoshiSugiesaidroboticsandselfdrivingtechnologyreducetheneedforahumanatthewheel.Theyareespeciallyusefulinthesedifficulttimeswhenwearelivingwiththecoronavirus（冠狀病毒）.”（WHILL首席執(zhí)行官SatoshiSugie表示，機(jī)器人技術(shù)和自動駕駛技術(shù)減少了駕駛員的需求。在我們患有冠狀病毒的這些困難時期，它們特別有用。）““Weare…developingourbusinessinordertohelprestoreaworldwherepeoplecanenjoymovingaroundwithpeaceofmind,””（我們正在......發(fā)展我們的業(yè)務(wù)，以幫助恢復(fù)一個人們可以以和平的心態(tài)自由移動的世界）可知，SatoshiSugie認(rèn)為這項技術(shù)非常有用，值得廣泛推廣運(yùn)用。故選B項?！?0題詳解】主題大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Thesystemishelpingwithsocialdistancingwhilefightingthespreadofthecoronavirus.Italsohelpsolderpassengersandthosewhoneedhelpwalkingthelastfewstepstotheboardinggate.What’smore,itcouldhelpJapanfreeuplabor.Japan,likemanyothernations,suffersfromalaborshortage.Thetechnologycouldfreeaworkertodoanotherjob.”（這個系統(tǒng)在阻止冠狀病毒傳播的同時，也有助于擴(kuò)大社會距離。它還可以幫助老年乘客和那些需要幫助的人走完登機(jī)口的最后幾步。更重要的是，它可以幫助日本解放勞動力。日本和其他許多國家一樣，也面臨著勞動力短缺的問題。這項技術(shù)可以解放一個工人去做另一項工作。）可知，第四段主要介紹了移動系統(tǒng)的各種優(yōu)點。故選D項。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。A主要介紹了東京機(jī)場的一種移動系統(tǒng)或輪椅。該系統(tǒng)不費(fèi)人力、自行導(dǎo)航，可廣泛應(yīng)用于機(jī)場、醫(yī)院或公園等場所，有望得到廣泛應(yīng)用。該產(chǎn)品是基于科學(xué)技術(shù)的，因此猜測這篇文章來自科學(xué)技術(shù)雜志。故選A項。DTheartificiallightingwhichlinestheworld’scoastlinescouldbehavingasignificanteffectonspeciesthatrelyonthemoonandstarstofindfood,newresearchsuggests.Creaturessuchasthesandhopperorientate（確定方位）theirnightlymigrationsbasedonthemoon’spositionandbrightnessofthenaturalnightsky.However,astudybyBangorUniversityandtheUniversityofPlymouthshowsthepresenceofartificiallightingfromcitiesseveralkilometresaway(alsoknownasartificialskyglow)Insomecases,thiscanleadtoanimalstravellingtowardstheseaandawayfromfood,whileinothersitreducesthechanceofthemriskingoutforfoodatall.WritinginCurrentBiology,researcherssaythiscouldthrowaclearthreatnotjusttothehealthofsandhopperpopulations(沙蚤種群)butalsothewiderecosystem,sincetheyplayanimportantroleinbreakingdownandrecyclingalgae(海藻)washeduponcoastlines.Dr.ThomasDavies,LecturerinMarineConservationattheUniversityofPlymouth(UK),said,“Artificialskyglowisthemostgeographicallywidespreadformoflightpollution.Surveyshaveshownitcancurrentlybedetectedabove23%oftheworld’scoastsnightly,andwithcoastalhumanpopulationssettoatleastdoubleby2060,itseffectsareonlygoingtoincrease.Ourresultsshowitisalreadyhavingobviouseffectsonbiologicalprocessesthatareguidedbycelestial（天上的）lightsignals.”Throughthestudy,researchersfindincreasingproofsthatlightpollutionfromcoastalcitiescaninfluencemarinespeciesinhabitingnearbybeaches,rockyshoresandeventheseafloor.Theseresultshighlighthowmassivecitylightingcouldbeinshapingtheecologyofcoastlineskilometresdistantfromtheirnearesturbancentres.Theyalsohighlightthepotentialforartificialskyglowtoaffectotherspeciesthatundergomigrationsusingthemoonasapass.“Whileourunderstandingoftheeffectofstreetlightsonnaturehasimprovedgreatly,artificialskyglowhasbeenlargelyoverlooked.Moreworkisurgentlyneededtofullyunderstandthedegreetowhichitisshapingthenaturalenvironment.”Dr.Thomas.12.Whichofthefollowingcouldbestreplace“disrupts”inparagraph2?A.disturbs B.makesC.unites D.replaces13.WhatdoesDr.ThomasDaviesexpressinparagraph4?A.Lightpollutionismoreseriousincoastalcities.B.Artificiallighthasbeenwidelyusedintheworld.C.Artificiallightisofgreatusetoanimals’migrations.D.Lightpollutioncausedbyartificialskyglowisontherise.14.Whathaveresearchersfoundaboutlightpollution?A.Itisthemainpollutionincities.B.Itshapestheecologyoftheocean.C.Ithasagreateffectonsurroundings.D.Itaffectsthemigrationsofseacreatures.15.WhatdoesDr.ThomasDaviesthinkofthestudyofartificialskyglow?A.Itisuseless. B.Itisquitenecessary.C.Itisdoubtful. D.Itischallenging.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】本文是說明文。文章主要闡述一項新的研究表明，世界海岸線上的人工照明可能對依靠月球和恒星尋找食物的物種有重大影響?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Creaturessuchasthesandhopperorientatetheirnightlymigrationsbasedonthemoon’spositionandbrightnessofthenaturalnightsky.（像沙蚤這樣的生物根據(jù)月亮的位置和自然夜晚的亮度來確定它們的夜間遷徙的方向）”緊接著出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折副詞“However”，因此推斷下文會出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折含義的內(nèi)容，再根據(jù)劃線句子中“thepresenceofartificiallightingfromcitiesseveralkilometresawaydisruptsthelunarpasstheyusewhencoveringlongdistances.”描述的是來自幾公里外城市的人工光對于它們長距離遷徙時使用的月球羅盤產(chǎn)生的是disturb的影響，結(jié)合上下句語義和邏輯關(guān)系，可知這種影響是負(fù)面的，根據(jù)選項意思，可知A項“擾亂”符合文意。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Artificialskyglowisthemostgeographicallywidespreadformoflightpollution.Surveyshaveshownitcancurrentlybedetectedabove23%oftheworld’scoastsnightly,andwithcoastalhumanpopulationssettoatleastdoubleby2060,itseffectsareonlygoingtoincrease.（人造天空光是地理上最廣泛的一種光污染形式。調(diào)查表明，每晚在超過23%的世界海岸線被檢測到人造天空光。到2060年，海岸線人口將翻倍，人造天空光的影響只會繼續(xù)增加。）”由此可知人造天空光造成的光污染在增加，故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Theseresultshighlighthowmassivecitylightingcouldbeinshapingtheecologyofcoastlineskilometresdistantfromtheirnearesturbancentres.(這些研究結(jié)果強(qiáng)調(diào)了城市的光在塑造海岸線的生態(tài)環(huán)境有非常巨大的影響，這些海岸線離最近的城市中心有數(shù)公里遠(yuǎn)）”由此可知，光污染對沿海城市的環(huán)境是有影響的，故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Whileourunderstandingoftheimpactsofstreetlightsonnaturehasimproveddramatically,artificialskyglowhasbeenlargelyoverlooked.Moreworkisurgentlyneededtofullyunderstandtheextenttowhichitisshapingthenaturalenvironment.(雖然我們對路燈對自然的影響的理解有了很大的提高，但人造天空光對自然的影響在很大程度上被忽視了。迫切需要開展更多的工作，以充分了解它在多大程度上塑造了自然環(huán)境。)由此可推斷，ThomasDavies博士認(rèn)為我們對人造天空輝光的研究是非常有必要的，故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Therealtestofourmannerseswhenwearedealingwithourmostembarrassingmoments.Herearesometipsonhowtohandlethemwithgrace.Youruinasurprise.Ababyshowerorananniversarytripmeetsyourbigmouth.Nowthesecrethasbeengivenawayandyoufeelawful.Don’tlie.Makingupanotherstorytocoveryourlooselipsmeansyouhavetokeeponwithit.___16___“Oh,theyhaven’tmentionedapartytoyou?”Thatsaid,ifthedeedisdoneandthere’snowaytomakeitup,acceptresponsibilityandapologize.Youbreakwind(放屁)inpublic.Despiteeffortstocontainit,youletoneout.___17___Ifit’sobviousyouaretheoffender,asimple“pardonme”isenough.Nooneisinterestedinadetailedexplanationofwhatyouhadforlunch.Ifthesourceisunclear,youmightwanttojustletitintheair.There’snoneedtodrawattentiontoanawkwardsituationifyoudon’thaveto.___18___Imagineifyouwentinforacheekkiss?Itcouldhavebeenworse,butstill…awkward.Ifithappens,thebestyoucandoisjusthandleitwell.___19___Bearinmindthateyecontactwithsmileisthecureforeverything.Yousay,“Congratulations!Whenareyoudue?”Andshe’snotpregnant.Thisranksasoneoftheworstunintentionaloffenceyoucansaytoawoman.Yournextmoveshouldbesayingyou’resorry.Besincereaboutyourapology,andmostimportantly,moveon.___20___A.Youforgotsomeone’sname.B.Lookthepersonintheeye,smile.C.Youtryahugbutmeetahandshake.D.Thisletsthepeopleknowyoudorememberthem.E.Instead,trytoreintroducealittlequestion.F.Whetheryoutakeownershipdependsonthesituation.G.Continuingtoapologizeortalkingonandonaboutitonlymakesitworse.【答案】16.E17.F18.C19.B20.G【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了幾種優(yōu)雅地應(yīng)對尷尬情況的方式?！?6題詳解】上文“Don’tlie.Makingupanotherstorytocoveryourlooselipsmeansyouhavetokeeponwithit.（不要撒謊。編一個故事掩蓋自己的“大嘴巴”意味著你要一直撒謊。）”說明讓我們不要編故事，不要撒謊。那么該怎樣做呢？所以E選項的“Instead（反而，而是）”可以起到承上啟下的作用。下文“Oh,theyhaven’tmentionedapartytoyou?（他們還沒有給你提到這個聚會嗎？）”這是一個問題，對應(yīng)了E選項中，“trytoreintroducealittlequestion.（試著再提出一個小問題）”，故選E?！?7題詳解】上文“Despiteeffortstocontainit,youletoneout.（盡管你努力控制，但還是放屁了）”，下文“Ifit’sobviousyouaretheoffender,asimple"pardonme"isenough.（如果很明顯是你妨礙到大家，簡單的一句“對不起”就夠了。）”以及“Ifthesourceisunclear,youmightwanttojustletitintheair.There’snoneedtodrawattentiontoanawkwardsituationifyoudon’thaveto.（如果來源不明顯，就讓它在空氣里。如果沒有必要，你不用讓自己處在尷尬中。）”綜合可知，公共場合放屁后，要根據(jù)具體情況來決定是否承認(rèn)是自己做的，這與選項F表達(dá)的意思一致，F(xiàn)項中的thesituation指的就是前面提到的兩種情況，故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)第二、三、五段的段首的句式特點，可知第四段段首句句式應(yīng)該和其他三段一樣，答案應(yīng)該是A或者C。再根據(jù)下文“Imagineifyouwentinforacheekkiss?Itcouldhavebeenworse,butstill…awkward.（想象你進(jìn)去是親吻臉頰呢？這可能更糟糕，但這仍然是尷尬的。）”這句話描述了“打招呼”時遇到的一種尷尬的情況，所以上面也是類似這樣的糟糕的情況，選項C“Youtryahugbutmeetahandshake.（你想要擁抱得到的卻是握手）”，符合語境，故選C。

【19題詳解】下文“Bearinmindthateyecontactwithsmileisthecureforeverything.（記住帶著微笑的眼神接觸可以治愈一切。）”選項B“Lookthepersonintheeye,smile.（看著對方的眼睛，微笑。）”滿足上下文的連貫，B項中的eye和smile對應(yīng)下文的eyecontactwithsmile，故選B?！?0題詳解】上文“Besincereaboutyourapology,andmostimportantly,moveon.（對你的道歉要真誠，最重要的是，道歉后，就繼續(xù)（別的話題或事情）。）”由此可知，道歉后，就不要再停留在這個話題上了，所以選項G“Continuingtoapologizeortalkingonandonaboutitonlymakesitworse.（繼續(xù)道歉或重復(fù)說這件事只會讓事情更糟糕。）”進(jìn)一步解釋了上句的內(nèi)容，故選G。第三部分：英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)：完形填空(共20小題，每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文。從短文后各題所給的四個選項A、B、C、D中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。YassinTerouownsarestaurantindowntownKnoxville.Onemorning,he___21___early,onlytofindsomeonehadattemptedtorobhisshop.Arockwas___22___thrownthroughthewindowandbrokenpieceswereseeneverywhere.Butsincethefoodismade___23___eachmorningandthecashregistersare___24___everynight,thethiefwentawayemptyhanded.Afterrealizingthepersonwhobrokeinwasprobably___25___insomeway,Yassin,insteadofbeing___26___,putupasignthatread“Ifyouarehungryorneedemergencymoney,just___27___tillweopen!Wearemorethanhappyto___28___youwhenweareopen!”Soundsunbelievable,right?ButtopeoplewhoknowYassin,itisnot___29___atall.WhenhefirstarrivedintheU.S.asarefugee（難民）,hestruggledtofindhis_____30_____becauseofdiscrimination.Buthequicklydiscoveredthebestwaytofightthe_____31_____hefeltwastobeloving.Withthehelpoflocalmunity（社區(qū)）,Yassin_____32_____arestaurant.Heweleseveryoneintohisrestaurant,regardlessoftheir_____33_____.Heknowsandgreetshundredsof_____34_____bynamedaily,andtherelaxedand_____35_____atmospheremakesvisitingfeellikeseeingfamily.Atonepoint,Yassinwasaccusedof“stealing_____36_____fromAmericans”bysomeonewhowaslaidoff.Despitethefactthatheisa_____37_____citizenofthiscountryandthatheshouldjusthaveignoredhim,hecalmlyofferedto_____38_____themanwhochargedhim.Yassin’srestaurantwas_____39_____withthetitleof“NicestPlaceofAmerica”byReadersDigestin2018.Hissuccessesfromthekindness,loveand_____40_____heshowsineverythinghedoes.Andofcourse,thefoodisdelicioustoo!21.A.droppedin B.slippedaway C.showedup D.movedout22.A.apparently B.carelessly C.casually D.narrowly23.A.delicious B.fresh C.attractive D.healthy24.A.checked B.cleaned C.removed D.emptied25.A.hiding B.promising C.suffering D.cheating26.A.disappointed B.annoyed C.relieved D.delighted27.A.wait B.continue C.escape D.search28.A.forgive B.acpany C.treat D.help29.A.satisfying B.amusing C.surprising D.challenging30.A.place B.strength C.interest D.style31.A.sympathy B.hate C.loneliness D.anxiety32.A.inspected B.visited C.decorated D.started33.A.appearances B.ages C.differences D.characters34.A.residents B.customers C.tourists D.neighbours35.A.friendly B.informal C.traditional D.quiet36.A.money B.food C.dreams D.jobs37.A.foreign B.legal C.former D.wealthy38.A.promote B.understand C.employ D.praise39.A.presented B.associated C.equipped D.covered40.A.courage B.enthusiasm C.confidence D.acceptance【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.B35.A36.D37.B38.C39.A40.D【解析】本文是記敘文。文章講述了YassinTerou的餐館在關(guān)門后被人闖入，但是小偷一無所獲。Yassin意識到闖入者可能正遭受某種痛苦后貼出標(biāo)語，表明自己愿意幫助他的故事并回顧了Yassin在美國創(chuàng)業(yè)的成功。除了食物的美味，他的成功來自于他對所做的一切都表現(xiàn)出的善良，熱愛和接受。【21題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：一天早上，他很早就來到餐館，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)有人曾企圖搶劫他的商店。A.droppedin臨時拜訪；B.slippedaway溜走；C.showedup出現(xiàn)；D.movedout搬出去。本段后面提到有人強(qiáng)行闖入了Yassin的餐館想要搶劫，Yassin在早晨來到餐館后發(fā)現(xiàn)了跡象，選擇showedup合乎語境。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：顯然有一塊石頭從窗戶扔進(jìn)了餐館，屋內(nèi)到處都可以看到碎片。A.apparently顯然地；B.carelessly粗心地；C.casually隨便地；D.narrowly

勉強(qiáng)地，狹窄地。Yassin到達(dá)餐館后發(fā)現(xiàn)了有人用石塊打碎玻璃后進(jìn)入的證據(jù)，因此這是很明顯的。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，由于每天早晨都要新鮮烹制食物，并且每天晚上都要清空收銀機(jī)，所以小偷空手走了。A.delicious美味的；B.fresh新鮮的；C.attractive誘人的；D.healthy

健康的。小偷沒有偷到東西，說明餐館每天的食物都是新準(zhǔn)備的。故選B。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，由于每天早晨都要新鮮烹制食物，并且每天晚上都要清空收銀機(jī)，所以小偷空手走了。A.checked檢查；B.cleaned清洗；C.removed移除；D.emptied

清空。and前后表示的是小偷空手離開餐館的原因，即每天早晨餐館的食物都是新準(zhǔn)備的及收銀機(jī)每晚都會被清空。故選D。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在意識到闖入者可能遭受某種痛苦之后，Yassin沒有生氣，而是貼出標(biāo)語，上面寫著“如果您餓了或急需用錢，請等我們開門！”A.hiding隱藏；B.promising妥協(xié)；C.suffering遭受，受苦；D.cheating

作弊。由下一段的hungry可知，Yassin意識到這個小偷可能在遭受著饑餓，選擇suffering合乎語境。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在意識到闖入者可能遭受某種痛苦之后，Yassin沒有生氣，而是貼出標(biāo)語，上面寫著“如果您餓了或急需用錢，請等我們開門！”A.disappointed失望的；B.annoyed懊惱的；C.relieved寬慰的；D.delighted

欣喜的。Yassin因為有人強(qiáng)行闖入店中會感到生氣的，但當(dāng)他意識到小偷可能在挨餓，他便不再生氣了。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在意識到闖入者可能遭受某種痛苦之后，Yassin沒有生氣，而是貼出標(biāo)語，上面寫著“如果您餓了或急需用錢，請等我們開門！”A.wait等待；B.continue繼續(xù)；C.escape逃逸；D.search

搜索。Yassin想幫助遭遇困境的人，因此張貼標(biāo)志，意在向其傳遞信息：“請等待我們開門，你可以來店里得到我們的幫助”。選擇wait合乎語境。故選A。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們開門的時候，我們非常樂于幫助你。A.forgive原諒；B.acpany陪伴；C.treat對待；D.help

幫助。由最后一段可知，Yassin是愿意幫助別人的人，因此此處選擇help合乎語境。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是對于認(rèn)識Yassin的人來說，這一點也不令人驚訝。A.satisfying令人滿意的；B.amusing有趣的；C.surprising令人驚訝的；D.challenging

具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。由unbelievable及下一段Yassin樂于助人的事跡可知，了解Yassin的人對于他所做的事情不會感到驚訝的。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他以難民身份首次到達(dá)美國時，他由于受到歧視，因此很費(fèi)力地尋找自己的位置。A.place地點；B.strength強(qiáng)度；C.interest利益；D.style

樣式。Yassin初來美國時，因為受到歧視，在美國社會很難找到自己的位置。findone’splace：找到自己的位置。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是他很快發(fā)現(xiàn)了抗擊仇恨的最佳方法是關(guān)愛他人。A.sympathy同情；B.hate討厭；C.loneliness孤獨(dú)；D.anxiety

焦慮。因為有人歧視Yassin，因此他感受到了別人對他的討厭。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的幫助下，Yassin開了一家餐館。A.inspected檢查；B.visited參觀；C.decorated裝飾；D.started

開始，啟動。由下文的他歡迎每個人進(jìn)入餐館可知，來到美國后，他開了一家餐館。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他歡迎每個人進(jìn)入他的餐廳，無論他們有什么區(qū)別。A.appearances出現(xiàn)；B.ages年齡；C.differences差異；D.characters

人物。Yassin歡迎每個人進(jìn)入餐館，因此他不去理會人和人的不同，他不會像某些人歧視他一樣而去歧視別人。故選C。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他每天都會認(rèn)識并招呼數(shù)百名顧客，而輕松友好的氣氛使就餐者像看見家人一樣。A.residents居民；B.customers顧客；C.tourists游客；D.neighbours

鄰居。Yassin開了餐館，因此每天要迎接很多顧客。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他每天都會認(rèn)識并招呼數(shù)百名顧客的名字，而輕松友好的氣氛使就餐者像看見家人一樣。A.friendly友好的；B.informal非正式的；C.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；D.quiet

安靜的。顧客到店后感覺像是看到家人一樣，因此餐館的氣氛是讓人感到放松的和友好的。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，Yassin被一個被解雇