語法填空 -2023年暑假初升高英語銜接（新高一適用）

專題12語法填空

銜接儲備

題型特點

語篇型填空是在一篇200詞左右的語言材料中留出10個空白，部分空白的后面給出單詞的基本形式，要

求考生根據(jù)上下文填寫空白處所需的內(nèi)容（1個單詞）或所提供單詞的正確形式.解題方法和步驟：

1.先通覽全文，了解有關(guān)信息，了解大意分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，確定詞性.

2.通過上下語義邏輯，鎖定詞形.

3.觀察文章的體裁，注意文章的時態(tài).

4.重點注意所給詞.提示詞往往是動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、動詞，考慮時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致、情態(tài)

動詞、虛擬語氣，以及在句中充當(dāng)謂語還是非謂語.名詞考慮單復(fù)數(shù)、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換.形容詞副詞考慮比較級、最高

級、倍數(shù)、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換及反義.代詞可給提示詞可不給，注意主格、賓格、所有格及反身代詞.無提示詞的是介詞、

冠詞和連詞.尤其要注意行文邏輯,及強調(diào)句型和倒裝.

5.重讀全文，注意時態(tài)、語態(tài)、邏輯等，注意大小寫等書寫規(guī)范.

解題技巧

解題技巧（―?）

1.這兩種情況下很可能填不定冠詞：

（1）+可數(shù)名詞（單數(shù)）；

（2）+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞（單數(shù)）.

2.這三種情況下很可能填定冠詞：

（1）（+定語）+名詞+of等介詞短語（表示特指）；

（2）（+定語）+名詞+定語從句（表示特指）；

（3）（+定語）+名詞+不定式短語或分詞短語（表示特指）.

【訓(xùn)練題】

1.Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey...Sothefarmerkilledgoatandgavethedonkeymedicinemade

fromitsheart.

2.WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewasshy,nervous

perfectionist.

3....theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullittosmalltownsome20kilometers

away.

答案:l.the2.a3.a

解題技巧（二）

1.連接兩個功能對等的單詞或短語時，應(yīng)填并列連詞and,or,but等.

2.若兩個句子（兩個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）之間，沒有句號或分號，也沒有連詞，那空格處必定是填連接詞，否則，句子結(jié)構(gòu)就

不完整.根據(jù)兩句之間的意義和邏輯關(guān)系，或者根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)，確定是并列句（多要求考生填and,but,while,

when,or等）還是某種主從復(fù)合句.然后根據(jù)各類從句的特點，結(jié)合連接詞的意義和用法，確定填具體的某個連

詞.

【訓(xùn)練題】

l.Itwasnotlongthewaitresscamebackandthenshebegantowipedownthetableandsuddenlywas

surprisedatwhatshesaw.

2.Butnothingchangeduntilmidterm,MaryAnne,astudentteacher,wasappointedtoourclassroom.

3.Janepausedinfrontofacountersomeattractivetieswereondisplay.

4.Oneday,hecameupwithanideahewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.

答案:1.before2.when3.where4.that

解題技巧（三）

在無提示詞題型當(dāng)中，空格所填詞在句子中作主語或賓語時，通常填代詞，包括人稱代詞、指示代詞、不定

代詞、名詞性物主代詞、疑問代詞、反身代詞（不能作主語）等.在名詞前作定語就只能用形容詞性物主代詞了.

句子的主語或賓語主要由名詞、代詞、動名詞或不定式等充當(dāng),名詞、動名詞或不定式通常會放在有提

示詞的空格中考查.

【訓(xùn)練題】

l.Heaskedhisteacher/Sir,thewaterisawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike?”

2.Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficultwastochooseasuitable

Christmaspresentfbrherfather.

3.1wantedtorewardtheoldmanfbrthetroublethatIhadcaused.

答案:Lit2.it3.him

解題技巧（四）

在有提示詞題型當(dāng)中，詞性轉(zhuǎn)換解題?？衫眠@樣幾條語法小規(guī)則作為判斷依據(jù):（1）介詞、冠詞、所有格

后接名詞;(2)形容詞修飾名詞;(3)副詞修飾形容詞、動詞或整個句子.

【訓(xùn)練題】

1/'Thirty-fivecents,9,shesaid(rude).

2.AsfarasIamconcerned,my(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookanda

Chinese-Englishdictionarywithineasyreach.

3.Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir(nature)course.

4.(doubt),althoughthereisstillroomforimprovementtothispolicy,Ithinkitisstillagoodonewhich

bringsmoregoodthanharmtothestudentsandthenation.

答案:1.rudely2.suggestion3.natural4.Undoubtedly

解題技巧(五)

在有提示詞題型當(dāng)中，通常，有表示范圍的in/of介詞短語或形容詞前有the時，一般要用最高級;than的前

面一定要用比較級.

【訓(xùn)練題】

l.Oneofthe(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher...

2....Wewerebothlaughingthewholetimeatourcompleteinabilitytocommunicateinwords.Whenitwastimeto

leave,Isaid“thankyou“inKorean,usingsomeofthefewwordsIhadlearned.Ifelt(lonely)thanIhad

expectedthatnight.

3.LucilleCliftonisanaward-winningpoetandwriter.Criticscallheroneofthe(great)writersofour

time.

答案：1.worst2.1esslonely3.greatest

解題技巧（六）

規(guī)律性非謂語動詞試題的解題步驟（有提示詞）:高考中大部分的非謂語動詞試題都屬于規(guī)律性的試題，解

答這類題目時，我們需按照這樣的步驟來答題:第一,找非謂語動詞的邏輯主語;第二，判斷邏輯主語與非謂語動

詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系，是主動還是被動，判斷是表示目的或者將來等等;第三，判斷非謂語動詞的形式.

典例剖析

例題

(新課標(biāo)II)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.

A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded64WomanOfTheYear^^for(l)(be)Britain,soldestfull-time

employee-stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopin

Macclesfield,(2)sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave(3)

(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.

Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement“award,proudIrene(4)(declare)shehadnoplans(5)

(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.Irenesaid,441don'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.Ilovecoming

hereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriends1(6)(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,(7)

becauseIwantto.”

GranddaughterGayleParks,31-whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness-saiditremainedunknownas

towhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid,“Wedon*thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegot

acall(8)(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwas(9)joke.Butthenwegotanofficial

letterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It*s(10)(wonder).^^

思路點撥:本文為一篇記敘文.文章講述了九十高齡的Irene作為英國最年長的全職員工，依然在寵物店做

著朝九晚五的工作，沒有退休的打算，她由此被評為“年度女士”.

答案:⑴being(2)which(3)finally(4)declared(5)retired

(6)havemade(7)but(8)saying(9)a(lO)wonderful

即學(xué)即練

ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.While

theyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence(1)theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouth

asJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen

(2)(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbears

worldwide.

Modemmethods(3)trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid

-1980s,andareexpensive(4)(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeople

inNunayut(5)(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa(6)

(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby(7)(note)thathungry

bearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯覺)thatpopulationsare(8)

(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of(9)nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threeare

declining,six(10)(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.

答案：

1.that2.Poorly3.of7for4.toperform5.havereported

6.belief7.noting8.higher9.thelO.are

驗學(xué)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.

I

Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,

whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(醫(yī)學(xué)界)Lamethodoffightingheartdisease,hashad

someunintendedside2.(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease-theverythingthemedical

communitywastryingtofight.

Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired3.(process)thefoodthatweeat,

torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt4.(remove)fromfood,

thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.As5.result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupfor

thatsomethingmissing.Even6.(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood7.

(be)fulloffatandsalt;by8.(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthanthey

needintheirdiet.

Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃點心)betweenmealsandwill

improvethetasteofyourfood.However,be9.(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossible

tohavetoomuchofboth,10.isnotgoodforthehealth.

答案：

1.“作為一種抵御心臟病的方法''.填as.

2.sideeffect副作用.根據(jù)前面的some可知不止一種副作用.填effects.

3.berequiredtodo被要求做某事.填toprocess.

4.fatandsalt是從句的主語.填areremoved.

5.asaresult是固定搭配.填a.

6.even常用來修飾比較級.填worse.

7.fastfood是不可數(shù)名詞.填is.

8.介詞后面用動名詞作賓語.填eating.

9.用形容詞作表語.填careful.

10.此處為非限制性定語從句.設(shè)空處指代整個主句的內(nèi)容.填which.

II

Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia'sbiggestbuildings,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslike

me,pandasareitstop1.(attract).

Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelps

payforresearch.I2.(allow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.From

tomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe3.(official)giventomeataceremonyin

London.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback4.mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,5.

IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter6.(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandas

rescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude7.(introduce)Britishvisitors

tothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchcentreinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.

Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby8.(it)mother.

Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew9.(day)withhissistersothatwhileoneisbeing

bottle-fed,10.otheriswithMum-sheneversuspects.

答案：

1.形容詞top后面跟名詞形式.填attraction.

2.根據(jù)句意可知,作者是被允許走近這些動物.填wasallowed.

3.修飾動詞用副詞形式.填officially

4.固定短語:gobackto回到.填to.

5.后面是非限制性定語從句，缺少狀語，先行詞是時間名詞，故填when.

6.被修飾名詞和permit之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞.填permitted.

7.include后面用動名詞或名詞.填introducing.

8.這里指代前面的twin,修飾名詞要用.填its.

9.few修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞.填days.

10,one...theother”一個....另一個”.填the

III

Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(識別)thoseof1.

(great)andlessimportance.Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou'llfeelarealsenseof2.

(achieve).Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow3.(be)oftenacceptable.

Mostofusaremorefocused4.ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.So,getan

earlystartandtrytobeasproductive5.possiblebeforelunch.Thiswillgiveyoutheconfidenceyou

needtogetyouthroughtheafternoonandgohomefeelingaccomplished.

Recent6.(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks7.

(regular).Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor8.while,exercising,or

doingsomethingyouenjoy.

Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you'llbelesslikely9.(bring)your

workhome.Itcouldbeanything-gardening,cooking,music,sports-butwhateveritis,10.(make)sure

it'sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.

答案：

1.此處是一種并列關(guān)系，結(jié)合后面lessimportance的形式可知應(yīng)填其比較級形式.填greater.

2.此處應(yīng)使用名詞形式,作介詞of的賓語.填achievement.

3.本句是動名詞作主語,因此謂語動詞使用單數(shù)形式.填is.

4.此處是一個固定詞組focuson"關(guān)注……”.很多人早晨對任務(wù)的注意力要比晚些時候的注意力更集中.填on.

5.此處是一個“as..aspossible”的固定結(jié)構(gòu).填as.

6.本句的謂語動詞是show,故主語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)名詞studies.填studies.

7.修飾動詞短語takeshortbreaks應(yīng)使用副詞形式.填regularly.

8.forawhile“一會填a.

9.此處是一個固定詞組belikelytodo”有可能做某事”.填tobring.

10.此處是一個祈使句，因此使用動詞原形.填make.

IV

InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called"ricebowl“culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,1.Vietnam,

foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.

Chopsticksareusuallytwolong,thinpiecesofwoodorbamboo.Theycanalsobemadeofplastic,animal

boneormetal.Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight2.(make)of

goldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmetal3.

(create)specialdesigns,

TheChinesehaveusedchopsticksforfivethousandyears.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,4.

(use)twigs(樹枝)toremoveit,Overtime,5.thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfood

intosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich6.

(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.

SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,?.livedfromroughly551to479B.C.,

influencedthe8.(develop)ofchopsticks.Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillings

and9.(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.

ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat10.

theirhands.

答案：

1.China,Japan,Korea和Vietnam為并列關(guān)系.填and.

2.主語chopsticks與謂語make是被動關(guān)系，且前面有情態(tài)動詞，故填bemade.

3.用動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作目的狀語.填tocreate.

4.此處用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語.填using.

5.句意:隨著時間的推移，當(dāng)人口增長的時候，人們開始把大塊食物切成小塊，以便更快地煮熟.用as或when,表

示“當(dāng)...的時候”.填as/when.

6.修飾謂語turninto需用副詞.故填gradually.

7.引導(dǎo)一個非限制性定語從句，對先行詞Confuc