英語基本句型及句式

BasicsentencepatternsandstructuresinEnglish目錄BasicSentencePatternsBasicpresencestructuresinEnglishEnglishpresencestructureEnglishpresencecomponentsEnglishpresencetypes01BasicSentencePatterns

Subject+predictThesubjectofapresenceisthepersonorthingperformingtheactiondescribedbytheverbThepredicateisthepartofthepresencethatexpressestheaction,state,orconditionofthesubjectExample:"Johnruns."(subject:John,predicate:runs)Inthispattern,thesubjectperformsanactionontheobjectExample:"Johnthrowstheball."Subject+predict+objectThispatternincludesanindirectobject,whichisthepersonorthingindirectlyaffectedbytheaction,andadirectobject,whichisthepersonorthingdirectlyaffectedbytheactionExample:"John,predict:give,directobject:hisfriend,directobject:thebook."Subject+predict+directobject+directobjectSubject+predict+object+objectcompletionThispatternincludesanobjectcompletion,whichisawordorphrasethatcompletesthemeaningoftheobjectExample:"Johnmakethecakeperiod."(subject:John,predicate:make,object:cake,objectcompletion:period)02BasicpresencestructuresinEnglishAdeclarativepresenceisapresencethatmakesastatementIttypicallyhasasubjectandapredicate,andexpressionsafact,opinion,orobservationExample:"Theskyisblue."DeclarativepresenceAnaggressivepresenceisapresencethatasksaquestionItusuallybeginswithaquestionword(who,what,where,when,why,orhow)orwithanintroductionriskattheendofthesentenceExample:"Doyoulikepizza?"InterrogtivepresenceAneffectivepresenceisapresencethatgivesacommandormakesarequestIttypicallydoesnothaveasubjectandusesthepresenttenseoftheverbExample:"Openthedoor."ImperativepresenceAnexceptionsentenceisasentencethatexpressesstrongemotionItoftenusesexceptionmarksattheendandmayhavecondensedwordsorphrasesExample:"Howdeliciousthispizzais!"Excitationsense03EnglishpresencestructureItisthebasicbuildingblockofintentions,andcanstandaloneasacompletepresenceSimplesensesarecommonlyshortanddirect,makingthemeasytounderstandAsimplepresencecontainsasubjectandapredicate,andexpressionsacompletethoughtSimplesensesAcompoundpresencecontainstwoormoreindependentclaimsthatareconnectedbyaconnectionorasemiconductorCompoundsensesprovidemorecomplexinformationandcanbeusedtocompare,contrast,ordevelopideasmorefullyIndependentclaimsarecompletesensesthatcanstandalone,andtheyexpressseparatethoughtsorideasCompoundpresence04EnglishpresencecomponentsThesubjectofapresenceisthepersonorthingperformingtheactionorbeingdescribedSubjectscanbeinthenominal(I,he,she,it,we,they)orobjectivecase(me,him,her,it,us,they)ItusuallycomesatthebeginningofthepresenceSubjectscanalsobeinthepositivecase(my,his,her,its,our,their)SubjectThepredictcompletesthemeaningofthepresenceThepredicateisthepartofthepresencethatexpressestheactionorstateofthesubjectItusuallyfollowsthesubjectandincludestheverbandanycompletionoradvertisementsthatmodifytheverbPredictTheobjectisthepersonorthingthatreceivestheactionorisdescribedinthepresenceItcanbeeitherdirect(followingtheverbdirectly)orindirect(followingaposition)Objectscanbeinthenominal,objective,orpositivecaseObjectTheycanindicatetime,place,Manner,degree,orpurposeAdvantageouscanbesinglewords(quickly,slowly)orphrases(inthemorning,bytheendoftheweek)Advantageousmodifyverbs,objectives,orotheradvertisementstoprovideadditionalinformationabouttheactionorstatedescribedAdvisoryAttributesarewordsorphrasesthatdescribeoraddinformationaboutthesubjectorobjectTheycanbepreliminaryphrases(themaninthehat),partialphrases(therunningman),orgerundphrases(theswimmingoffish)Attribute05EnglishpresencetypesAdeclarativepresenceisusedtomakeastatementorexpressafactItusuallyendswithaperiod(.)Example:"Thesunrisksintheeast."DeclarativepresenceAnaggressivepresenceisusedtoaskaquestionItusuallyendswithaquestionmark(?)Example:"Doyouwanttogotothemovies?"Interrogtivepresence123AnintangiblepresenceisusedtogiveanorderormakearequestItusuallyendswithaperiod(.)oranexceptionmark