四川省射洪中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期（強(qiáng)基班）第二次月考英語(yǔ)試題

射洪中學(xué)高2022級(jí)強(qiáng)基班高一(下)第二次學(xué)月考試英語(yǔ)試題本試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.WhatwillDorothydoontheweekend?A.Gooutwithherfriend.B.Workonherpaper.C.Makesomeplans.2.WhatwasthenormalpriceoftheTshirt?A.$15.B.$30.C.$50.3.WhathasthewomandecidedtodoonSundayafternoon?A.Toattendawedding.B.Tovisitanexhibition.C.Tomeetafriend.4.WhendoesthebankcloseonSaturday?A.Atl:00pm.B.At3:00pm.C.At4:00pm.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inastore.B.Inaclassroom.C.Atahotel.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，個(gè)小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoweknowaboutNora?A.Sheprefersaroomofherown.B.Shelikestoworkwithothergirls.C.Shelivesnearthecitycenter.7.Whatisgoodabouttheflat?A.Ithasalargesittingroom.B.Ithasgoodfurniture.C.Ithasabigkitchen.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WherehasBarbarabeen?A.Milan.B.Florence.C.Rome.9.WhathasBarbaragotinhersuitcase?A.Shoes.B.Stones.C.Books.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whoismakingthetelephonecall?A.ThomasBrothers.B.MikeLandon.C.JackCooper.11.WhatrelationisthewomantoMr.Cooper?A.Hiswife.B.Hisboss.C.Hissecretary.12.Whatisthemessageabout?A.Ameeting.B.AvisittoFrance.C.Thedateforatrip.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whocouldthemanspeakermostprobablybe?A.Apersonwhosawtheaccident.B.Thedriverofthelorry.C.Apoliceofficer.14.WhatwasMrs.Franksdoingwhentheaccidenttookplace?A.WalkingalongChurchillAvenue.B.Gettingreadytocrosstheroad.C.Standingoutsideabank.15.Whendidtheaccidenthappen?A.Atabout8:00am.B.Atabout9:00am.C.Atabout10:00am.16.Howdidtheaccidenthappen?A.Alorryhitacar.B.Acarranintoalorry.C.Abankclerkrushedintothestreet.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Thehistoryoftheschool.B.Thecoursesfortheterm.C.Theplanfortheday.18.Wherecanthevisitorslearnaboutthesubjectsfornewstudents?A.Intheschoolhall.B.Inthesciencelabs.C.Intheclassrooms.19.Whatcanstudentsdointhepracticalareas?A.Takesciencecourses.B.Enjoyexcellentmeals.C.Attendworkshops.20.Whenarethevisitorsexpectedtoaskquestions?A.Duringthelunchhour.B.Afterthewelespeech.C.Beforethetourofthelabs.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2.5分，共37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASunflowerGymnasticsAtSunflowerGymnasticsweofferdifferentclassestohelpparticipantspromoteselfconfidence,buildphysicalfitnessandencourageindependence.Me&MyGrownUpThisisagreatclassfortheyoungchildrenandadultstoenjoytimetogetherexploringmovementandstartingtounderstandtheirlittlebodies.Theclassisdirectedbyinstructors,yetparentsworkdirectlywiththeirchildren.Inadditiontolearninggymnastics,thechildrenwillalsolearnvaluablesocialskills,likefollowingdirections.Saturdays&Sundays10:30a.m.—11:30a.m.Monthlyfees:$55.00HotShot&StrengthTrainingThisprogramisdesignedtoteachbasicgymnasticsskillsandensurethedevelopmentofastrongphysicalandmentalfoundationforyoungmaleathletes.Individualtrainingfocusesonstrength,flexibilityandbalance,whichcanbetransferredtoanysport.Wednesdays&Saturdays4:30p.m.—5:20p.m.Monthlyfees:$65.00NimjiaWarriorProgramThisclassisforkidsfromtheageofsixtoeleven.Studentswillpeteinasafechallengingenvironmentwhilehavingfun.Thisistheperfectprogramforachildwhohasatonofenergybecausewepromisethey’llleavetired,sweatyandtalkingabouthowmuchfuntheyhavehad!Mondays4:25p.m.—5:05p.m.Fridays7:35p.m.—8:15p.m.Monthlyfees:$57.00petitiveTeampetitiveteamisforadultathleteswhowishtoreachthenextlevelintheirpetition.Athletesareinvitedtoteambasedontheirgymnasticsskilllevels.Weattempttohelpthempromotetheirconfidenceandgrowasateammate.Tuesdays6:45p.m.—8:15p.m.Sundays5:00p.m.—6:30p.m.Monthlyfees:$73.001.Whichclassencouragesitscustomerstotaketheirkidswiththem?A.Me&MyGrownUp. B.HotShot&StrengthTraining.C.NimjiaWarriorProgram. D.petitiveTeam.2.WhatisspecialaboutNinjiaWarriorProgram?A.Itchargesthelowestfees. B.Ithasthelongestclassperiod.C.Itpromisesenergyconservation. D.Itisscheduledforweekdaysonly.3.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Asportsschedule. B.Agymadvertisement.C.Aparentingguide. D.Aproductcatalogue.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是SunflowerGymnastics的一則廣告。廣告中介紹了四門課程的特色、開(kāi)設(shè)時(shí)間和月費(fèi)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Me&MyGrownUp部分的“Thisisagreatclassfortheyoungchildrenandadultstoenjoytimetogetherexploringmovementandstartingtounderstandtheirlittlebodies.Theclassisdirectedbyinstructors,yetparentsworkdirectlywiththeirchildren.Inadditiontolearninggymnastics,thechildrenwillalsolearnvaluablesocialskills,likefollowingdirections.(這是一個(gè)很好的課程，讓孩子和成年人一起享受探索運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)間，并開(kāi)始了解他們的小身體。該課程由教師指導(dǎo)，但家長(zhǎng)直接與孩子合作。除了學(xué)習(xí)體操，孩子們還將學(xué)習(xí)寶貴的社交技能，比如聽(tīng)從指示)”可知，Me&MyGrownUp這門課鼓勵(lì)顧客帶著孩子一起健身。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NimjiaWarriorProgram部分的“Mondays4:25p.m.—5:05p.m.Fridays7:35p.m.—8:15p.m.(星期一下午4:255:05。星期五晚上7:358:15)”可知，該課程只在工作日進(jìn)行。而其他三門課程在周末都有排課。故選D。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“AtSunflowerGymnasticsweofferdifferentclassestohelpparticipantspromoteselfconfidence,buildphysicalfitnessandencourageindependence.(在SunflowerGymnastics，我們提供不同的課程，幫助參與者提升自信，達(dá)到身體健康，鼓勵(lì)獨(dú)立)”結(jié)合下文介紹了四門課程的特色、開(kāi)設(shè)時(shí)間和月費(fèi)推知，這是SunflowerGymnastics健身館的一則廣告。故選B。BAcademically,IwasanaverageB+student,shyandawkward.Inmypersonallife,therewasnoonetoencouragemetopursuemytalent,noracknowledgementthatIevenhadatalent.Luckily,MissJudge,myEnglishteacher,introducedmetoliteraturethatinitiallyinspiredmetowrite.ItwasshethatsawthepotentialinmethatIdidn'tevenknowexisted.MissJudgewasakindandlovelyperson.Shefirstremendedmesomeclassicworks,likeToKillaMockingbird,OfMiceandMenandGreekMythology.ThencameTheHorror,theonesparkingmyloveoffantasyandmagicandeverythingsupernatural,whichwillalwaysremainonmybookshelf.Onceinclass,wewereassignedtowriteasceneinspiredbyHamlet,theplaywewerereading.Excitedaboutthechancetowrite,Iworkedextrahardonit.AfterIhandeditin,MissJudgewasreallyimpressedandaskedifshecouldreadittothewholeclass.Irefused.Eventoday,Istillregretthatdecision.Atthetime,IfeltlikeeveryonewouldthinkIwasdeliberatelytryingtoimpressthembyrubbingmygreatstoryintheirface.Inmysenioryear,MissJudgeaskedustowritejournalentries,whichshewouldread.Iwasstillnervousaboutothersreadingmywriting.Tobreakfromthatfear,Idecidedtojustbefunny.Myjournalwasfilledwithmyhumorousobservations,kindoflikewhatyouseeontheblogtoday.Andshelovedthem,sayingIhadanaturaltalentasawriter.Nothingwasmorefulfilling.So,Ikeptwriting.Shewrotememanyencouragingnotes,pushingmetopursueacareerasawriter.Istillhavethosenotes,hopingthatnexttimeshehearsmyname,it'sbecauseI'dhavewonthePulitzerPrize.4.Whichbookmaybetheauthor'sfavorite?A.ToKillaMockingbird. B.TheHorror.C.GreekMythology. D.Hamlet.5.Whywastheauthorunwillingtohaveherwritingreadpublicly?A.Shewasafraidtoloseface. B.Shedidn'tthinkitgoodenough.C.Shedidn'twanttobeconsideredashowoff. D.Shehatedtoreadaloudbeforethewholeclass.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMissJudge?A.Inspiring. B.Learned. C.Creative. D.Humorous.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthormainlywanttoconveyinthetext?A.Hardworkwillpayoffinnotime. B.Writingopensupthedoorofsuccess.C.Studentsshouldreadasmuchaspossible. D.Recognitionandencouragementmakeadifference.【答案】4.B5.B6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。作者講述了自己在Judge女士的鼓勵(lì)和認(rèn)可下，從一個(gè)成績(jī)一般，害羞笨拙的學(xué)生開(kāi)始閱讀并寫作，最后成為一個(gè)作家的經(jīng)歷?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Shefirstremendedmesomeclassicworks,likeToKillaMockingbird,OfMiceandMenandGreekMythology.ThencameTheHorror,theonesparkingmyloveoffantasyandmagicandeverythingsupernatural,whichwillalwaysremainonmybookshelf.(她首先向我推薦了一些經(jīng)典作品，比如《殺死一只知更鳥(niǎo)》《老鼠與人》和《希臘神話》。然后是《恐怖》，它激發(fā)了我對(duì)幻想、魔法和一切超自然事物的熱愛(ài)，它將永遠(yuǎn)放在我的書架上。)”可知，《恐怖》可能是作者最喜歡的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Iwasstillnervousaboutothersreadingmywriting.Tobreakfromthatfear,Idecidedtojustbefunny.Myjournalwasfilledwithmyhumorousobservations,kindoflikewhatyouseeontheblogtoday.(我仍然對(duì)別人讀我的作品感到緊張。為了擺脫這種恐懼，我決定變得有趣。我的日記里充滿了我幽默的觀察，就像你今天在博客上看到的那樣。)”可知，作者不愿意作品被當(dāng)眾朗讀是因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為自己的作品不夠好。故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Luckily,MissJudge,myEnglishteacher,introducedmetoliteraturethatinitiallyinspiredmetowrite.ItwasshethatsawthepotentialinmethatIdidn'tevenknowexisted.(幸運(yùn)的是，我的英語(yǔ)老師Judge女士向我介紹了那些最初啟發(fā)我寫作的文學(xué)作品。是她看到了我身上的我甚至不知道存在的潛力。)”和最后一段的“Andshelovedthem,sayingIhadanaturaltalentasawriter.Nothingwasmorefulfilling.So,Ikeptwriting.Shewrotememanyencouragingnotes,pushingmetopursueacareerasawriter.(她很喜歡他們，說(shuō)我有一個(gè)作家的天賦。沒(méi)有什么比這更令人滿意的了。所以，我繼續(xù)寫作。她給我寫了許多鼓舞人心的便條，推動(dòng)我追求作家事業(yè)。)”可推斷，Judge女士是鼓舞人心的。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Luckily,MissJudge,myEnglishteacher,introducedmetoliteraturethatinitiallyinspiredmetowrite.ItwasshethatsawthepotentialinmethatIdidn'tevenknowexisted.(幸運(yùn)的是，我的英語(yǔ)老師Judge女士向我介紹了那些最初啟發(fā)我寫作的文學(xué)作品。是她看到了我身上的我甚至都不知道存在的潛力。)”和最后一段的“Andshelovedthem,sayingIhadanaturaltalentasawriter.Nothingwasmorefulfilling.So,Ikeptwriting.Shewrotememanyencouragingnotes,pushingmetopursueacareerasawriter.(她很喜歡它們，說(shuō)我有一個(gè)作家的天賦。沒(méi)有什么比這更令人滿意的了。所以，我繼續(xù)寫作。她給我寫了許多鼓舞人心的便條，推動(dòng)我追求作家事業(yè)。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文作者講述了自己在Judge女士的鼓勵(lì)和認(rèn)可下，從一個(gè)成績(jī)一般，害羞笨拙的學(xué)生開(kāi)始閱讀并寫作，最后成為一個(gè)作家的經(jīng)歷，因此推斷作者想要傳達(dá)的信息是認(rèn)可和鼓勵(lì)會(huì)起重要作用。故選D。CTheworld’sonlycaptive(圈養(yǎng))browngiantpanda,Qizai,hasbeentakingmoreexerciseinpreparationfortheupingbreeding(繁育)season.Heisencouragedtostandupbykeeperswhoplacefoodontheendofastickheldjustoutofhisreach.Pandaexpertsbelievethatstrengtheningthegiantanimal’slegswillimprovehisabilitytobreedsuccessfully.Theworld’sfirstbrownpandawasdiscoveredin1985intheQinlingMountains.Allphotographsofwildbrownpandasweretakeninthearea,whichtheywerenamedafter.TheQinlinggiantpanda,firstrecognizedin2005,isasubspeciesofgiantpanda.Aswellasitsbrownandwhitefur,ithasasmallerandrounderskullandashorternosethanthemorefamiliarSichuangiantpanda.Qizaiwhosenamemeanstheseventhson,wasfoundastwomontholdcub,weakandalone,byresearchersinanaturereserveintheQinlingMountains.Forhissafety,theresearcherstookhimtothenearbyShaanxiRareWildlifeRescueCentrewherehewasgivenmedicaltreatmentandfedonmilkfromotherpandas.Thereare1,864giantpandasinthewild,accordingtoWorldWildlife.TheylivemainlyinbambooforestshighinthemountainsofsouthwestChina,mostlyinSichuanprovince,buttheycanalsobefoundinShaanxiprovince,whereQizaiisfrom.HewaspreviouslythoughttobetheonlylivingbrownpandaintheworlduntilawildpandawiththesamecolourpatternwasspottedroaminginanaturereserveinShaanxiinMarch,2018.Uptonowspottingbrownpandasinthewildhastakenplacenomorethantentimes,allofwhichwereinthecentralQinlingMountains.8.WhydokeepersputfoodbeyondQizai’sreach?A.Topreparehimforthereturntothewild. B.Totrainhimtoamusezoovisitors.C.Tohelphimexercisehislegs. D.Toensurehimabalanceddiet.9.WhatcanweinferaboutQizaifromthetext?A.Hewasfirstfoundin2005. B.HeisaQinlinggiantpanda.C.Hisseventhsonis2monthsold. D.Hewastheonlylivingbrownpanda.10.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthelastparagraph?A.Thesightingofwildbrownpandasisararehappening.B.TheQinlingMountainsarehometomostwildpandas.C.Thenumberofgiantpandasisgrowingrapidly.D.Allgiantpandasareofthesamecolour.11.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Lifeofcaptivepandas. B.Endangeredgiantpandas.C.TheQinlinggiantpanda. D.Rarewildlifeprotection.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章由“七仔”導(dǎo)入，介紹了秦嶺大熊貓的相關(guān)知識(shí)。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Heisencouragedtostandupbykeeperswhoplacefoodontheendofastickheldjustoutofhisreach.Pandaexpertsbelievethatstrengtheningthegiantanimal’slegswillimprovehisabilitytobreedsuccessfully.(飼養(yǎng)員把食物放在它夠不到的一根棍子上，鼓勵(lì)它站起來(lái)。熊貓專家認(rèn)為，加強(qiáng)這種巨型動(dòng)物的腿能提高它成功繁殖的能力)”可知，飼養(yǎng)員把食物放在七仔夠不著的棍子上是為了鍛煉它的腿，以提高成功繁育的能力。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Allphotographsofwildbrownpandasweretakeninthearea,whichtheywerenamedafter.(所有野生棕色大熊貓的照片都是在該地區(qū)（秦嶺）拍攝的，它們是以該地區(qū)命名的)”和第三段的“Qizai,whosenamemeanstheseventhson,wasfoundastwomontholdcub,weakandalone,byresearchersinanaturereserveintheQinlingMountains.(研究人員在秦嶺自然保護(hù)區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)了七仔，它只有兩個(gè)月大，身體虛弱，孤獨(dú)無(wú)依)”可知，七仔是一只秦嶺棕色大熊貓。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Uptonowspottingbrownpandasinthewildhastakenplacenomorethantentimes,allofwhichwereinthecentralQinlingMountains.(到目前為止，在野外發(fā)現(xiàn)棕色大熊貓的次數(shù)不超過(guò)10次，都是在秦嶺中部)”推知，看到野生棕色大熊貓是很罕見(jiàn)的事。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，第二段指出在秦嶺發(fā)現(xiàn)的棕色大熊貓都叫秦嶺大熊貓，第三段介紹七仔在秦嶺被發(fā)現(xiàn)的經(jīng)過(guò)，第四段介紹野生棕色大熊貓幾乎都在秦嶺被發(fā)現(xiàn)。由此可知，本文主要介紹秦嶺大熊貓。故選C。DTheconfidencepeopleplaceinscienceisfrequentlybasednotonwhatitreallyis,butonwhatpeoplewouldlikeittobe.WhenIaskedmystudentshowtheywoulddefinescience,manyofthemrepliedthatit’sanobjectivewayofdiscoveringcertaintiesabouttheworld.Butsciencecannotprovidecertainties.Actually,doubtandscienceoftengohandinhand.Science,whenproperlyfunctioning,questionsacceptedunderstandingsandbringsbothnewknowledgeandnewquestions—notcertainty.Doubtdoesnotcreatetrust,nordoesithelppublicunderstanding.Sowhyshouldpeopletrustaprocessthatseemstorequireatroublesomestateofuncertaintywithoutalwaysprovidingsolidsolutions?Asahistorianofscience,Iwouldarguethatit’stheresponsibilityofscientistsandhistoriansofsciencetoshowthattherealpowerofscienceliespreciselyinwhatisoftenregardedasitsweakness:itsdrivetoquestionandchallengeacceptedunderstandings.Indeed,thescientificapproachrequireschangingourunderstandingofthenaturalworldwhenevernewevidencearisesfromeitherexperimentationorobservation.Scientificfindingsaretemporaryunderstandingsthatinvolvethestateofknowledgeatagivenmoment.Inthelongrun,manyofthemarechallengedandevenoverturned.Doubtmightbetroubling,butitpushesustowardsabetterunderstanding.Certainties,reassuringastheymayseem,preventthescientificprocess.Scientistsunderstandthis,butinthedynamicbetweenthepublicandscience,therearetwooppositemisconceptions(誤解).Thefirstisaformofblindscientism—abeliefthatscienceisunquestionableandhasthecapacitytosolveallproblems.Suchanidealizedrepresentationactuallyignorestheuniversalexistenceofcontroversy,conflictanderrorattheveryheartofthescientificworld.12.What’stherealpowerofscienceaccordingtotheauthor?A.Itprovidessolidsolutions. B.Itdefendsacceptedunderstandings.C.Itdiscoverscertaintiesabouttheworld. D.Itkeepsbringingquestionsandchallenges.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reassuring”probablymean?A.Disappointing. B.Surprising. C.forting. D.Challenging.14.Whatmaybethebeliefofthesecondmisconception?A.Scienceisunchallengeableandacureall. B.Scienceisunreliableandoflittleuse.C.Scienceisobjectivebutimpractical. D.Scienceisdoubtfulbutuseful.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyIsDoubtVitaltoScience? B.WhyShouldWeTrustScientists?C.WhatIstheWeaknessofScience? D.WhatIsScientists’Responsibility?【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文，主要論述的是懷疑和科學(xué)的密切關(guān)系?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Asahistorianofscience,Iwouldarguethatit’stheresponsibilityofscientistsandhistoriansofsciencetoshowthattherealpowerofscienceliespreciselyinwhatisoftenregardedasitsweakness:itsdrivetoquestionandchallengeacceptedunderstandings.(作為一名科學(xué)歷史學(xué)家，我認(rèn)為，科學(xué)家和科學(xué)歷史學(xué)家有責(zé)任證明，科學(xué)的真正力量恰恰在于通常被認(rèn)為是它的弱點(diǎn)的東西：它對(duì)已被接受的認(rèn)識(shí)提出質(zhì)疑和挑戰(zhàn)的動(dòng)力。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為科學(xué)的真正力量是它不斷帶來(lái)問(wèn)題和挑戰(zhàn)。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段的“Doubtmightbetroubling,butitpushesustowardsabetterunderstanding.(懷疑可能令人不安，但它推動(dòng)我們更好地理解。)”可知，懷疑令人不安，那么確定性就讓人放心，劃線詞reassuring的意思是“令人安心的”，和forting意思相近，故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Scientistsunderstandthis,butinthedynamicbetweenthepublicandscience,therearetwooppositemisconceptions(誤解).Thefirstisaformofblindscientism—abeliefthatscienceisunquestionableandhasthecapacitytosolveallproblems.(科學(xué)家們理解這一點(diǎn)，但在公眾和科學(xué)之間的動(dòng)態(tài)中，存在兩種相反的誤解。第一種是一種盲目的科學(xué)家主義——相信科學(xué)是不容置疑的，并且有能力解決所有問(wèn)題。)”可知，第一種誤解是科學(xué)能解決所有問(wèn)題，那么第二種和第一種完全相反，因此第二種是認(rèn)為科學(xué)完全沒(méi)有用，不可靠，即Scienceisunreliableandoflittleuse。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“Actually,doubtandscienceoftengohandinhand.(事實(shí)上，懷疑和科學(xué)經(jīng)常結(jié)伴而行。)”可知，本文主要講的是懷疑對(duì)科學(xué)很關(guān)鍵，A選項(xiàng)“WhyIsDoubtVitaltoScience?(為什么懷疑對(duì)科學(xué)至關(guān)重要？)”概括了本文內(nèi)容，是最好的標(biāo)題，故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Relationshipsbetweenparentsandtheirkidscanbeincrediblymeaningfulwhenworkedonintentionally.____16____Whatcanparentsandchildrendotoimprovetheirrelationships?First,takeresponsibility.Bothparentsandchildrenareresponsibleforshaping,maintainingandmanagingtherelationship.____17____Whenachildorparentsimplywaitsfortheotherpartytoputmoreintotherelationship,problemsemerge.Thensetboundaries.____18____Soparentsmustdecidewhatsortofaccesschildrenhavetoinformationandwhatlevelofsupporttheyarewillingtoprovide.Childrentoo,mustdecidewhatlevelofprivacyandinvolvementtheyseekandacceptfromparents.____19____Unhealthyconflictstyleslikesilenttreatments,screamingfights,andignoringissueshaveanegativeinfluenceontherelationship.Stopdoingthoseandstarttothinkabouthowyoumightresponddifferently.Makeaneffortandworktogethertofigureoutwhyfamiliarargumentskeephappening.Thisway,apossiblesolutioncanbefound.Asisoftenthecase,itismucheasiertokeepthesituationasitis,evenifitleadstofrustration.Changeisalwaystheharderchoice.____20____A.Handlingconflictswiselyalsomatters.B.Bethechangeyouwanttoseeinthisworld.C.Nobodylikesitwhentheyfeeltheirboundariesareviolated.D.However,itisthequickestwaytogreaterrelationshipsatisfaction.E.Butalltoooften,oldhabitsofspeakingandinteractingstandintheway.F.Parentsandkidsriskfallingintoageinappropriatemunicationpatterns.G.Thatincludesnegotiating,promising,andfindingenjoyablewaysforbothsidestoconnect.【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.A20.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了如何搞好父母和孩子關(guān)系的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Relationshipsbetweenparentsandtheirkidscanbeincrediblymeaningfulwhenworkedonintentionally.”（當(dāng)認(rèn)真經(jīng)營(yíng)時(shí)，父母和孩子之間的關(guān)系可以是難以置信地有意義。）和下文“Whatcanparentsandchildrendotoimprovetheirrelationships?”（父母和孩子可以做什么來(lái)改善他們之間的關(guān)系呢？）可知，雖然父母和孩子之間的關(guān)系可能很好，但他們之間也存在問(wèn)題，需要采取一些措施來(lái)改善。E項(xiàng)“但很多時(shí)候，說(shuō)話和交流的舊習(xí)慣會(huì)妨礙他們之間的關(guān)系”符合語(yǔ)境，說(shuō)話和交流時(shí)的舊習(xí)慣會(huì)導(dǎo)致父母和孩子出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。故選E。【17題詳解】設(shè)空處位于句中，應(yīng)承接上文。根據(jù)上文“First,takeresponsibility.Bothparentsandchildrenareresponsibleforshaping,maintainingandmanagingtherelationship.”（首先要承擔(dān)責(zé)任。父母和孩子都有責(zé)任塑造、維持和管理這種關(guān)系。）可推知，設(shè)空處繼續(xù)解釋如何承擔(dān)責(zé)任。G項(xiàng)“這包括談判、妥協(xié)，以及為雙方找到愉快的聯(lián)系方式?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選G?！?8題詳解】結(jié)合本段主旨句“Thensetboundaries.”（設(shè)定界限）和下文“Soparentsmustdecidewhatsortofaccesschildrenhavetoinformationandwhatlevelofsupporttheyarewillingtoprovide.”（因此，父母必須決定孩子獲得何種信息以及他們?cè)敢馓峁┑闹С炙健＃┛芍珻項(xiàng)“當(dāng)覺(jué)得自己的界限被侵犯時(shí)，沒(méi)有人會(huì)覺(jué)得高興。”與上下文承接自然，既符合本段的主旨，也與下文形成明顯的因果關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)中的boundaries呼應(yīng)上文的boundaries。故選C。【19題詳解】設(shè)空處為本段主旨句，根據(jù)下文的“Unhealthyconflictstyleslikesilenttreatments,screamingfights,andignoringissueshaveanegativeinfluenceontherelationship.Stopdoingthoseandstarttothinkabouthowyoumightresponddifferently.Makeaneffortandworktogethertofigureoutwhyfamiliarargumentskeephappening.Thisway,apossiblesolutioncanbefound.”（不健康的沖突方式，如沉默相待、尖叫吵架和忽視問(wèn)題都會(huì)對(duì)關(guān)系產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。停止這樣做，并開(kāi)始思考你可能會(huì)有什么不同的反應(yīng)。共同努力，找出類似的爭(zhēng)論不斷發(fā)生的原因。這樣，就可以找到一個(gè)可能的解決方案。）可知，本段的建議是要明智地處理和孩子之間的沖突。A項(xiàng)“明智地處理沖突也同樣重要”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?0題詳解】設(shè)空處位于段末，應(yīng)總結(jié)上文。根據(jù)上文“Asisoftenthecase,itismucheasiertokeepthesituationasitis,evenifitleadstofrustration.Changeisalwaystheharderchoice.”（通常情況下，保持現(xiàn)狀要容易得多，即使它會(huì)導(dǎo)致挫折感。改變總是更難的選擇。）可推知，下文會(huì)陳述改變的好處。D項(xiàng)“然而，這是提高關(guān)系滿意度的最快方法?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，選項(xiàng)中的it指代上文的提到的change。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。MyPh.D.advisercalledmeintohisofficesaying,“Youarefiredfromthelab.”IhadmovedtoIsraeltostudyforaPh.D.Atfirst,thingswentwellinmynewlab.ThenI____21____someproblems.Imadeafewmistakesinthelabthatslowedmy____22____,butheneverspoketomeaboutanyconcerns.I’mstillnot____23____whyhefiredme,butIguessitwasbecauseofthosemistakes.Hewasn’tconfidentthatIcould____24____myresearchintimeaswe’dplanned.ThefirstfewdaysafterIwasfiredwereespecially____25____.Ispenthoursstaringatmyputerscreen,unabletogetanythingdone.Itriedto____26____hismindwithpromisingresults,buthe____27____tohisdecision.IcouldnottellthenewstomyfamilyinIndia,asthefearof____28____themoverwhelmed(壓垮)me.Isoongotintoa____29____ofsadnessandanxiety.Aroundthattime,IwatchedamovieDasvidaniya.Onelinefromthemoviestuckouttome,“Whenlifegivesyoulemons,makelemonade”.WhatkindoflemonadecouldImakeoutofmypresent____30____?MydesiretopleteaPh.D.wasneverindoubt.Aftermuch____31____,Itoldmyselfthatone____32____attemptwasnottheendoftheworld,andthatIneededtogiveitanother____33____.Withrenewed____34____,Iemailedexpectedadvisersandappliedtootherprograms.Within2months,I____35____anofferfromaPh.D.programinItaly.21.A.raninto B.cameinto C.steppedinto D.lookedinto22.A.plan B.research C.graduation D.report23.A.satisfied B.doubtful C.shocked D.certain24.A.improve B.smooth C.plete D.solve25.A.difficult B.special C.flexible D.unique26.A.keep B.read C.change D.clear27.A.stuck B.turned C.devoted D.took28.A.frightening B.disappointing C.challenging D.tricking29.A.habit B.trouble C.state D.pressure30.A.moment B.control C.level D.situation31.A.reflection B.judgement C.treatment D.discussion32.A.gained B.failed C.rated D.gathered33.A.chance B.hope C.aim D.try34.A.energy B.balance C.interest D.confidence35.A.produced B.landed C.operated D.responded【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.A26.C27.A28.B29.C30.D31.A32.B33.D34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，文章講述了作者在攻讀博士學(xué)位期間遭遇困境，一部電影中的臺(tái)詞給了他啟示：當(dāng)生活給你又酸又苦的檸檬時(shí)，那你就將它變成又甜又可口的檸檬汁?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：然后我遇到了一些問(wèn)題。A.raninto遇到（困難，問(wèn)題等），陷入（困境）；B.cameinto進(jìn)入；C.steppedinto走進(jìn)；D.lookedinto調(diào)查。根據(jù)下文“Imadeafewmistakesinthelab(我在實(shí)驗(yàn)室犯了一些錯(cuò)誤)”可知，作者遇到了一些問(wèn)題。故選A。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里犯了一些錯(cuò)誤，耽誤了我的研究，但他從來(lái)沒(méi)有跟我說(shuō)過(guò)任何顧慮。A.plan計(jì)劃；B.research研究；C.graduation畢業(yè)；D.report報(bào)告，報(bào)道。根據(jù)本段最后一句“Hewasn’tconfidentthatIcould____4____myresearchintimeaswe’dplanned.”可知，作者犯了一些錯(cuò)誤，耽誤了研究，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我仍然不確定他為什么解雇我，但我猜就是因?yàn)槟切╁e(cuò)誤。A.satisfied滿意；B.doubtful懷疑的；C.shocked震驚的；D.certain肯定的。根據(jù)“butIguessitwasbecauseofthosemistakes”可知，作者猜測(cè)是自己犯下的錯(cuò)誤使導(dǎo)師解雇自己，由此可知作者不確定導(dǎo)師解雇自己的原因，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他對(duì)我能如期完成研究沒(méi)有信心。A.improve提高，改善；B.smooth撫平；C.plete完成；D.solve解決。上文提到作者犯了一些錯(cuò)誤，減緩了研究的進(jìn)度，所以此處指導(dǎo)師擔(dān)心無(wú)法按期完成研究，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我被解雇后的頭幾天特別難熬。A.difficult困難的；B.special特殊的；C.flexible靈活的；D.unique獨(dú)特的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及下一句“Ispenthoursstaringatmyputerscreen,unabletogetanythingdone.(我花了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)盯著電腦屏幕，什么事也做不了)”可知，被解雇的頭幾天很難熬，故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我試圖用有希望的結(jié)果來(lái)改變他的想法，但他堅(jiān)持自己的決定。A.keep保持；B.read讀；C.change改變；D.clear清理。根據(jù)“withpromisingresults”可知，作者被解雇，向?qū)熣f(shuō)會(huì)給出一個(gè)滿意的結(jié)果，試圖以此來(lái)改變導(dǎo)師的想法，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.stuck堅(jiān)持；B.turned翻轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)彎；C.devoted獻(xiàn)身，致力于；D.took拿，取。結(jié)合轉(zhuǎn)折詞but及下文被解雇后不敢告訴家人可知，雖然作者保證以后好好表現(xiàn)，但導(dǎo)師堅(jiān)持自己的決定，解雇作者，故選A。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不能把這個(gè)消息告訴我在印度的家人，因?yàn)槲液ε伦屗麄兪?，這樣的恐懼壓垮了我。A.frightening使恐懼；B.disappointing使失望；C.challenging挑戰(zhàn)；D.tricking欺騙。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，作者被解雇不敢告訴家人，應(yīng)是怕他們對(duì)自己失望，故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我很快就進(jìn)入了一種悲傷和焦慮的狀態(tài)。A.habit習(xí)慣；B.trouble麻煩；C.state狀態(tài)；D.pressure壓力。根據(jù)“sadnessandanxiety”可知，作者被解雇后陷入悲傷和焦慮的狀態(tài)，故選C。30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我能從我目前的處境中做出什么樣的檸檬水呢？A.moment時(shí)刻；B.control控制；C.level水平；D.situation情況，形勢(shì)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處作者是反問(wèn)以自己目前的現(xiàn)狀和處境，又能做出什么樣的檸檬汁呢？situation符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)多次反思，我告訴自己，一次失敗的嘗試并不是世界末日，我需要再試一次。A.reflection反思；B.judgement評(píng)價(jià)；C.treatment對(duì)待，治療；D.discussion討論。結(jié)合下文作者發(fā)郵件申請(qǐng)項(xiàng)目可知，此處指作者反思過(guò)后，決定振作起來(lái)，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.gained獲得；B.failed失敗；C.rated評(píng)定；D.gathered聚集。上文提到作者因犯錯(cuò)誤而被解雇，所以此處指“一次失敗的嘗試”，故選B。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.chance機(jī)會(huì)；B.hope希望；C.aim目標(biāo)；D.try嘗試。此處和“attempt”同義，指一次嘗試失敗后，需要再次嘗試，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：信心重燃后，我給期望中的顧問(wèn)發(fā)了郵件，并申請(qǐng)了其他項(xiàng)目。A.energy精力；B.balance平衡；C.interest興趣；D.confidence信心。根據(jù)“Iemailedexpectedadvisersandappliedtootherprograms”可知，作者經(jīng)過(guò)反思，重拾信心，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不到兩個(gè)月，我就收到了意大利一個(gè)博士項(xiàng)目的錄取通知。A.produced生產(chǎn)；B.landed成功得到，贏得；C.operated操作；D.responded回答，回應(yīng)。上文提到作者申請(qǐng)項(xiàng)目，故此處指得到一個(gè)博士項(xiàng)目的錄取通知，故選B。第二節(jié)短文填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)上下文在空由處填寫適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ),或使用括號(hào)中所給詞語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空。Haveyouevertastedorperhapsheardofsugarpainting?Asfewerpeoplechoosetomakesugarpaintings,thetraditionalChinesefolkcraftmighthavebeea____36____(distance)memoryinsomeways.However,a38yearoldcraftsman,LiJiangzhong,isdevotedto____37____(keep)theartofsugarpaintingalive.Liworked____38____aminerformorethantenyears.Aftertheminecloseddown,Liturnedtohousingdecorationuntilhe____39____(force)togivethatupduetoafingerinjury.Earlierthisyear,hediscoveredsugarpainting,somethinghereallyhad____40____interestin.Sincetherewasnosugarpaintingcraftsmaninhisvillage,hestudiedby____41____(he)throughlargequantitiesofvideosandinformationontheInternet.Lilovedpaintingwhenhewasyoung,____42____hefounditeasyto