新概念第二冊(cè)Lesson10Notforjazz知識(shí)點(diǎn)講義

Lesson10Notforjazz

Text課文Firstlistenandthenanswerthequestion.聽(tīng)錄音，然后回答以下問(wèn)題。Whathappenedtotheclavichord?

Wehaveanoldmusicalinstrument.Itiscalledaclavichord.ItwasmadeinGermanyin1681.Ourclavichordiskeptinthelivingroom.Ithasbelongedtoourfamilyforalongtime.Theinstrumentwasboughtbymygrandfathermanyyearsago.Recentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor.Shetriedtoplayjazzonit!Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestringswerebroken.Myfatherwasshocked.Nowwearenotallowedtotouchit.Itisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfather's.Newwords生詞jazz[d??z]n.爵士音樂(lè)(Rockmusic搖滾音樂(lè)，Countrymusic鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)，Popmusic流行音樂(lè)，Classicalmusic古典音樂(lè))musical['mju:zik?l]a.音樂(lè)的(musicalchairs搶座位游戲)instrument['instrum?nt]n.樂(lè)器clavichord['kl?vik?:d]n.古鋼琴(paino鋼琴，guitar吉他)recently['ri:s?ntli]ad.最近(同義詞是lately，都表示最近)damage['d?mid?]v.損壞(damage表示對(duì)物的傷害；hurt表示對(duì)人或動(dòng)物的傷害)key[ki:]n.琴鍵(key作名詞還可以表示鑰匙，作動(dòng)詞表示鍵入)string[stri?]n.(樂(lè)器的)弦(string作名詞還可以表示細(xì)繩)shock[??k,?ɑk]v.使不悅或生氣，使震驚allow[?'lau]v.允許，讓(permit也表示準(zhǔn)許，允許。常用于正式場(chǎng)合，指給予做某事的權(quán)利)touch[t?t?]v.觸摸(touchscreen觸摸屏)

Grammarfocus語(yǔ)法1.Itiscalledaclavichord.它被稱(chēng)作古鋼琴。這是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子，是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。它的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是：Wecallitaclavichord.我們把它叫做古鋼琴。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)是主語(yǔ)+do/does+其他。被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)是主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+done+其他。如：Icleanmyhouseeveryday.我每天打掃房子。Myhouseiscleanedeveryday.我的房子被每天打掃。又如下文中的，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子：Ourclavichordiskeptinthelivingroom.我們的這架古鋼琴被放在起居室里。其主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是:Wekeepourclavichordinthelivingroom.我們把我們的古鋼琴放在起居室里。又如：

Nowwearenotallowedtotouchit.現(xiàn)在我們不被允許去碰它。其主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是：Nowmyfatherdoesn'tallowustotouchit.現(xiàn)在我父親不允許我們?nèi)ビ|碰它。本課的重點(diǎn)是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如文中還出現(xiàn)了一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：ItwasmadeinGermanyin1681.它是1681被在德國(guó)制造的。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語(yǔ)+did+其他。被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語(yǔ)+was/weredone+其他。所以上面這句話的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是：PeoplemadeitinGermanyin1681.人們于1681年在德國(guó)制造了它。文中還有一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子，如：Theinstrumentwasboughtbymygrandfathermanyyearsago.這個(gè)樂(lè)器是多年前我祖父買(mǎi)的。其主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是：Mygrandfatherboughttheinstrumentmanyyearsago.我祖父多年前買(mǎi)了這個(gè)樂(lè)器。又如：Recentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor.最近，它被一個(gè)客人弄壞了。其主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是：Recentlyavisitordamagedit.最近，一個(gè)客人弄壞了它。在下面這個(gè)并列句中，and后面的部分也是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestringswerebroken.她在擊琴鍵時(shí)用力過(guò)猛，兩根琴弦被損壞了。其主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是：Shestruckthekeystoohardand(she)

broketwoofthestrings.她在擊琴鍵時(shí)用力過(guò)猛，(她)損壞了兩根琴弦。Myfatherwasshocked.

我父親被(這件事)震驚了。其主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是：Itshockedmyfather.這件事震驚了我父親。文末還出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語(yǔ)+bedoing+其他。被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語(yǔ)+am/is/arebeingdone+其他。如：Itisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfather's.這件樂(lè)器正在被我父親的一個(gè)朋友維修。其主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)是：Afriendofmyfather'sisrepairingit.我父親的一個(gè)朋友正在維修這件樂(lè)器。2.Ithasbelongedtoourfamilyforalongtime.我們家擁有這件樂(lè)器已經(jīng)很久了。belongtosb.屬于某人。如：Notonlythisdictionarybutalsothosebooksbelongtome.不但這本詞典屬于我，而且那些書(shū)也是屬于我的。belongings名詞，表示財(cái)物。如：Heleftallhisbelongingstohisbrother.他把他的全部財(cái)物都留給了他弟弟。3.ShetriedtoplayJazzonit!她用它來(lái)彈奏爵士樂(lè)。play在此的意思是彈奏，演奏。如：Pleaseplayapieceofmusicforus.請(qǐng)為我們演奏一首樂(lè)曲吧。Exercises練習(xí)一.

Answerthesequestions.1.Doweownanoldclavichord,ordoweownanewpiano?

Weownanoldclavichord.2.Whenwasitmade?

Itwasmadein1681.3.Whoboughttheinstrumentmanyyearsago?

Mygrandfatherboughttheinstrumentmanyyearsago.4.Whodamageditrecently?

Avisitor

damageditrecently.5.Whatdidshetrytodo?

Shetriedtoplayjazzonit.6.Whatdidshebreak?

Shebroketwoofthestrings.7.Whoisrepairingitnow?

Afriendofmyfather'sisrepairingitnow.二.Answerthesequestionsonthepassage.Writeapletesentencetoeachquestion.1.Whatisouroldmusicalinstrumentcalled?

Ouroldmusicalinstrumentiscalledaclavichord.2.Wherewasitmade?

ItwasmadeinGermany.3.Whereisitkept?

Itiskeptinthelivingroom.4.Whenwasitbought?

Itwasboughtmanyyearsago.5.Whenwasitdamaged?

Itwasdamagedrecently.6.Howmanystringswerebroken?

Twoofthestringswerebroken.7.Howdidmyfatherfeelaboutthis?

Myfatherwasshocked.8.Whataren'tweallowedtodo?

Wearen'tallowedtotouchit.9.Whatisbeingdonetotheclavichord?

Theclavichordisbeingrepaired.三.Changetheformofthephrasesinitalics.Wehaveanoldmusicalinstrument.

We

callit

aclavichord.

Someonemadeit

inGermanyin1681.

Wekeepourclavichord

inthelivingroom.

Mygrandfatherboughttheinstrument

manyyearsago.Recently

avisitordamagedit

...Shestruckthekeystoohardand

broketwoofthestrings.

Thisshockedmyfather.Now,hedoesnotallowus

totouchit.

Afriendofmyfather'sisrepairingit.Wehaveanoldmusicalinstrument.Itiscalledaclavichord.ItwasmadeinGermanyin1681.Ourclavichordiskeptinthelivingroom.Theinstrumentwasboughtbymygrandfathermanyyearsago.Recentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor...Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestringswerebroken.Myfatherwasshocked.Nowwearenotallowedtotouchit.Itisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfather's.四.Supplythecorrectwordsinthefollowing.1.Isyourwatchmade

of

gold?madeof表示由某種材料制成，從物品的外觀可以看出原材料2.Theseknivesweremade

by

Sheffield.madeby表示由某人制造3.Thiscakewasmade

from

sugar,flour,butterandeggs.madefrom表示由數(shù)種材料制成，從物品的外觀看不出原材料五.Changetheformofthephrasesinitalics.1.Heborrowed

oneofmyrecords.

Heborrowedarecordofmine.2.Sheshowedme

one