2024屆高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)翻譯練習(xí)課件(共53張)

高中英語翻譯一、邏輯重建試比較：下雨了。Itisraining.結(jié)論：漢語邏輯比較松散英語邏輯比較嚴(yán)密

邏輯差異對(duì)漢譯英的負(fù)面影響：語法錯(cuò)誤中式英語2一、邏輯重建解決邏輯差異的方法：邏輯重建（按照正常邏輯對(duì)句子，尤其是主干，進(jìn)行改寫）邏輯重建方式：句內(nèi)邏輯：句間邏輯：有重復(fù)找重復(fù)，無重復(fù)找邏輯3一、邏輯重建我看見一座房子。房子里住著一位老人。句內(nèi)重建：Isawahouse.Anoldmanlivedinthehouse.句間重建：Isawahouse,inwhichanoldmanlived.Isawahouse,whereanoldmanlived.Isawahouse,wherelivedanoldman.注意：要優(yōu)先判斷謂語，再根據(jù)謂語確定主語4一、邏輯重建今天天氣很糟糕。很多人遲到了。句內(nèi)重建：Theweatheristerrible.Manypeoplearelate.句間重建：Theweatherissoterriblethatmanypeoplearelate.Soterribleistheweatherthatmanypeoplearelate.5一、邏輯重建張家界風(fēng)景優(yōu)美。人見人愛。句內(nèi)重建：TheviewinZhangjiajieisbeautiful.Everyonelovesitatthefirstsight.ThereisabeautifulviewinZhangjiajie.Everyonelovesitatthefirstsight.句間重建：TheviewinZhangjiajieissobeautifulthateveryonelovesit.ThereisabeautifulviewinZhangjiajie,

whicheveryonelovesatthefirstsight.6一、邏輯重建上海是一座朝氣蓬勃、充滿活力、多姿多彩的國際化大都市，改革開放以來，上海變化之大令世人矚目。句內(nèi)重建：Shanghaiisa...city.Shanghaihaschangedso...that...句間重建：Shanghai,whichisa...city,haschangedso...that...Shanghai,a...city,haschangedso...that...7二、語序調(diào)整thecollegestudentsintheclassroom教室里的大學(xué)生結(jié)論：定語修飾名詞英語中定語分前置后后置，通常簡單的前置，復(fù)雜的后置漢語中只有前置定語8二、語序調(diào)整英語中定語位置及基本形式（前二后六）：前置定語：形容詞、名詞后置定語：介詞詞組、-ing分詞詞組、-ed分詞詞組、不定式、形容詞詞組、定語從句定語的翻譯方法：一數(shù)：數(shù)清定語數(shù)量二放：決定前后位置9二、語序調(diào)整Hereachedthestationquickly.Quickly,hereachedthestation.（主語前）Hequicklyreachedthestation.（動(dòng)詞前）Hereachedquicklythestation.（動(dòng)詞后）Hereachedthestationquickly.（賓語后）1、他很快就到了車站。（動(dòng)詞前）2、很快，他就到了車站。（主語前）10二、語序調(diào)整英語中狀語的基本形式：副詞、介詞詞組、-ing分詞詞組、-ed分詞詞組、不定式、形容詞詞組、狀語從句狀語的翻譯原則：先首尾，再中間，復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)加逗號(hào)先時(shí)間，后地點(diǎn)，再其他11二、語序調(diào)整可是會(huì)議室里的手機(jī)鈴聲仍然響成一片。簡易翻譯：Butthephonesringhereandtherethroughouttheroom.對(duì)等翻譯：Butincessantringskeepstrikingourears.12二、語序調(diào)整我們都是普通人，并沒有多少重要的事情。簡易翻譯：Weallarecommonpeoplewhodon’thavemanyimportantthingstodealwith.對(duì)等翻譯：Weallarecommoncitizenswhoareseldomengagedinsignificantmatters.13二、語序調(diào)整古來一切有成就的人，都很嚴(yán)肅地對(duì)待自己的生命，當(dāng)他活著一天，總要盡量多勞動(dòng)、多工作、多學(xué)習(xí)，不肯虛度年華，不讓時(shí)間白白地浪費(fèi)掉。簡易翻譯：Allthesuccessfulpeopleinhistorytreatedtheirlifeseriously.Aslongastheylived,theytriedtheirbesttoworkmoreandstudymore,unwillingtowastetheirtime.對(duì)等翻譯：Alltheaccomplishedindividualsinthehumanhistorytreatedtheirlifeseriously,tryingtheirbest,aslongastheywerealive,toworkmoreandstudymore,unwillingtodreamawaytheirdaysandidleawaytheirlife.14二、語序調(diào)整人和動(dòng)物的區(qū)別，除了眾所周知的諸多方面，恐怕還在于人有內(nèi)心世界。簡易翻譯：The

differences

between

man

and

animals,

besidesthoseinmanywell-knownaspects,Iamafraid,lieintheinnerworld.對(duì)等翻譯：Thedistinctionsbetweenhumansandanimals,apartfromthosewell-knownones,maywelllieinthefactthattheformerhastheinnerworld.15二、語序調(diào)整心不過是人的一個(gè)重要臟器，而內(nèi)心世界是一種景觀，它是由外部世界不斷地作用于內(nèi)心漸漸形成的。簡易翻譯：Theheartisnomorethananimportantinnerorganwhiletheinnerworldisaview,whichisgraduallyformedbytheconstantinfluenceoftheouterworld.對(duì)等翻譯：Heartbeingnomorethananimportinnerorgan,theinnerworldservesasalandscape,whichisgraduallyshapedbytheconstantimpactoftheouterworld.16二、語序調(diào)整釣魚是一項(xiàng)能夠陶冶性情的運(yùn)動(dòng)，有益于身心健康。簡易翻譯：Fishingisasportwhichcancultivateone’spersonalityandbenefithisbodyandmind.對(duì)等翻譯：Fishingconstitutesasportconducivetothecultivationoftemperamentandbeneficialtobothphysicalandpsychologicalhealth.17二、語序調(diào)整也就在這一幅絢爛的圖畫旁邊，在河灣之畔，一群羊正在低頭覓食。它們幾乎沒有一個(gè)顧得上抬起頭來，看一眼這美麗的黃昏。簡易翻譯：Just

beside

thissplendidpicture,aflockofsheeparefeedingbytheriverbend.Noneofthemhavetimetoraisetheirheadtoenjoythisbeautifuldusk.對(duì)等翻譯：Justbesidethissplendidpicture,aflockofsheep,bytheriverbend,areburyingthemselvesinfeedingtoobusilytofindtimetoraisetheireyesforaglimpseofthisbeautifuldusk.18二、語序調(diào)整也許它們要抓緊時(shí)間，在即將回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。簡易翻譯：Perhapstheyareseizingtimetohaveonemorebite/chewbeforegoinghome.對(duì)等翻譯：Perhapstheyareseizingeverysecondtoenjoythelastbite/chewbeforegoinghome.19二、語序調(diào)整所以人們對(duì)于大自然全部一致并深深地依賴著。尤其在鄉(xiāng)間,上千年來人們一直以不變的方式生活著:種植莊稼和葡萄,釀酒和飲酒,喂牛和擠奶,鋤草和栽花;在周末去教堂祈禱和做禮拜,在節(jié)日到廣場拉琴、跳舞和唱歌。簡易翻譯：Therefore,peopleallrelyonnaturedeeply.Especiallyinthecountryside,peoplehavelivedthesamelifeforthousandsofyears:growingcropsandgrapes,makinganddrinkingwine,feedingandmilkingcows,removinggrassandplantingflowers,goingtochurchonweekends,playingmusic,dancingandsingingonthesquareduringfestivals.20二、語序調(diào)整所以人們對(duì)于大自然全部一致并深深地依賴著。尤其在鄉(xiāng)間,上千年來人們一直以不變的方式生活著:種植莊稼和葡萄,釀酒和飲酒,喂牛和擠奶,鋤草和栽花;在周末去教堂祈禱和做禮拜,在節(jié)日到廣場拉琴、跳舞和唱歌。對(duì)等翻譯：Therefore,peoplerely,unanimouslyandprofoundly,onnature,whichisespeciallytrueofthecountryside,wherepeoplehavelivedthesamelifeforthousandsofyears:growingcropsandgrapes,brewinganddrinkingwine,feedingandmilkingcows,removingweedsandplantingflowers,goingtochurchonweekends,playingmusic,dancingandsingingonthesquareduringfestivals.21二、語序調(diào)整中國民族自古以來從不把人看作高于一切，在哲學(xué)文藝方面的表現(xiàn)都反映出人在自然界中與萬物占著一個(gè)比例較為恰當(dāng)?shù)牡匚?，而非絕對(duì)統(tǒng)治萬物的主宰。簡易翻譯：TheChinesenationhasneverregardedmanasthehigherbeingthanothers.對(duì)等翻譯：TheChinesenationhasneverdeemedmanthesupremebeinginnature.22二、語序調(diào)整在哲學(xué)文藝方面的表現(xiàn)都反映出人在自然界中與萬物占著一個(gè)比例較為恰當(dāng)?shù)牡匚唬墙^對(duì)統(tǒng)治萬物的主宰。簡易翻譯：Itisreflectedinitsphilosophy,artandliteraturethatman,innature,takesapositioninaproperproportionwithotherbeingsinsteadofbeingtheirabsoluteruler.對(duì)等翻譯：Itisreflectedinitsphilosophy,artandliteraturethatmantakesapositioninaproperproportionwithotherbeingsinsteadofplayingGod.23三、無主句試分析：下雨了?；▓@種了許多花。結(jié)論：動(dòng)詞開頭（顯性無主）。狀語開頭（隱性無主）。注意：漢語中有大量的無主句。24三、無主句下雨了。It’sraining.花園種了許多花。Therearemanyflowersinthegarden.Manyflowersareplantedinthegarden.Someoneplantsmanyflowersinthegarden.無主句的翻譯方法：形式主語Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語態(tài)

補(bǔ)主語

25三、無主句一個(gè)人的生命究竟有多大意義，這有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以衡量嗎?

Isthereanystandardtomeasurethemeaningofone’slife?Whatstandardcanbeusedtomeasurethemeaningofone’slife?26三、無主句提出一個(gè)絕對(duì)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)當(dāng)然很困難;但是，大體上看一個(gè)人對(duì)待生命的態(tài)度是否嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真，看他對(duì)待勞動(dòng)、工作等等的態(tài)度如何，也就不難對(duì)這個(gè)人的存在意義做出適當(dāng)?shù)墓烙?jì)了。簡易翻譯：Itisdifficulttohaveanabsolutestandard,butitisnotdifficulttomakeaproperestimationofthemeaningofone’sexistencebyconsideringwhetherhetreatshislifeseriouslyandhowhetreatshiswork.對(duì)等翻譯：Itisdifficulttohaveanabsolutecriterion,butitisfarfromhard/comparativelyeasytomakeanappropriateestimationofthesignificanceofone’sexistencebyconsideringwhatattitudehetakestowardshislifeandwork.27三、無主句手機(jī)刷新了人與人的關(guān)系。簡易翻譯：Mobilephoneshaveupdatedtherelationshipofpeople.對(duì)等翻譯：Mobilephoneshavealteredtheinterpersonalrelationship.28三、無主句會(huì)議室門口通常貼著一條通告：請(qǐng)與會(huì)者關(guān)閉手機(jī)。簡易翻譯：Anoticeisusuallypastedonthedoorofthemeetingroom:pleaseturnoffyourphone.對(duì)等翻譯：Onthedoorofthemeetingroomisusuallypastedanoticewhichreads:pleaseturnoffyourphone.29無主句盡管如此，我們也不會(huì)輕易關(guān)掉手機(jī)。打開手機(jī)象征我們與這個(gè)世界的聯(lián)系。簡易翻譯：Inspiteofthis,it’snoteasyforustoturnoffourphoneforitsymbolizesourconnectionwiththeworld.對(duì)等翻譯：Still,it’snoteasyforustoswitchoffourphone,whichservesasasymbolofourconnectionwiththeworld.30三、無主句如果走近了，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們那可愛的神情，潔白的牙齒，那豐富而單純的表情。Ifyouwalkclose,youwillseetheircutelook,whiteteethandrichbutinnocentexpressions.Walkcloseandyouwillseetheircutelook,whiteteethandrichbutinnocentexpressions.Walkingclose,youwillhaveaclearviewoftheircutelook,whiteteethandrichbutinnocentexpressions.31三、無主句晚年的喬羽喜愛垂釣，他說：“有水有魚的地方大都是有好環(huán)境的，好環(huán)境便會(huì)給人好心情。簡易翻譯：QiaoYulovesfishinginhislateyears.He

said,

“Inaplacewithwaterandfish,thereisgoodenvironment,whichcreatesgoodmood.”對(duì)等翻譯：QiaoYu,wholovesfishinginhistwilightyears,said,“Wherethereiswaterandfish,thereisgoodenvironment,whichinturnevokesgoodmood.”32三、無主句喬羽說：“釣魚可分三個(gè)階段：第一階段是吃魚；第二階段是吃魚和情趣兼而有之；第三階段主要是的趣，面對(duì)一池碧水，將憂心煩惱全都拋在一邊，使自己的身心得到充分休息。”簡易翻譯：Hesaid,“Fishingcanbedividedintothreestages...”對(duì)等翻譯：Hesaid,“Fishingfallsintothreephases...”33三、無主句喬羽說：“釣魚可分三個(gè)階段：第一階段是吃魚；第二階段是吃魚和情趣兼而有之；第三階段主要是的趣，面對(duì)一池碧水，將憂心煩惱全都拋在一邊，使自己的身心得到充分休息?！焙喴追g：Inthefirst,oneenjoyseatingfish;inthesecond,oneenjoyseatingfishandfishingpleasure;inthethird,onemainlyenjoysfishingpleasure.對(duì)等翻譯：Inthefirst,oneenjoysfish;inthesecond,bothfishandfishing;inthethird,mainlyfishing.34三、無主句喬羽說：“釣魚可分三個(gè)階段：第一階段是吃魚；第二階段是吃魚和情趣兼而有之；第三階段主要是的趣，面對(duì)一池碧水，將憂心煩惱全都拋在一邊，使自己的身心得到充分休息。”簡易翻譯：Facingapondofclearwater,oneleavesbehindallhisworries,givinghisbodyandmindafullbreak.對(duì)等翻譯：Facingapondofclearwater,onecastsoffallhisangerandanxiety,renderinghisbodyandmindafullrepose.”35四、并列和連動(dòng)連動(dòng)：老師拿著包，走進(jìn)了教室。Theteachercarriedabagandwalkedintotheclassroom.Carryingabag,theteacherwalkedintotheclassroom.注意：延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和瞬間動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成連動(dòng)時(shí)，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用非謂語動(dòng)詞表示更好。

36四、并列和連動(dòng)連動(dòng)：他離開了學(xué)校，讓我大吃一驚。Helefttheschoolandsurprisedmegreatly.Helefttheschool,surprisingmegreatly.注意：連動(dòng)中有主次之分時(shí)，重點(diǎn)部分用主干，次要部分用非謂語動(dòng)詞。37四、并列和連動(dòng)牧羊人不見了，他不知在何處歇息。只有這些美生靈自由自在地享受著這個(gè)黃昏。簡易翻譯：Theshepherdisgoneandnooneknowswhereheisresting.Onlythesebeautifulcreaturesareenjoyingtheduskfreely.對(duì)等翻譯：Theshepherdisgoneandmustberestingsomewhere,leavingonlythesebeautifulcreaturesenjoyingtheduskfreely.38四、并列和連動(dòng)手機(jī)反映出我們的“社交饑渴癥”。簡易翻譯：Mobilephonesreflectour“socialthirst”.對(duì)等翻譯：Itisour“socialthirst”thatmobilephonesembody.39四、并列和連動(dòng)最為常見的是，一個(gè)人走著走著突然停下來，眼睛盯著手機(jī)屏幕發(fā)短信。他不在乎停在馬路中央還是廁所旁邊。簡易翻譯：Itismostcommonlyseenthatonesuddenlystopswalkingandbeginstosendmessageswithhiseyesfixedonthescreen.Hedoesnotcarewhetherheisinthemiddleoftheroadorbesidethetoilet.對(duì)等翻譯：Itismostcommonlyseenthatonesuddenlystopswalkingandbeginstotextwithhiseyesfixedonthescreen,notcaringwhetherheisinthemiddleoftheroadorbesidethetoilet.40五、主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)試比較：我被打了。衣服洗好了。結(jié)論：漢語中有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，但更多的是主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。英語中被動(dòng)比例高于漢語的被動(dòng)比例注意：要通過邏輯重建判斷漢語中隱藏的被動(dòng)。可以將漢語中的一些主動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)成被動(dòng)。41五、主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)人的智力需要開發(fā)，人的內(nèi)心世界也是需要開發(fā)的。簡易翻譯：Humanintelligenceneedstobedevelopedandsodoestheinnerworld.對(duì)等翻譯：Theinnerworld,justlikehumanintelligence,needstobetapped.42五、主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)往日的田園依舊是今日的溫馨家園。這樣,每個(gè)地方都有自己的傳說,風(fēng)俗也就衍傳了下來。簡易翻譯：Thepastfieldremainsthepresentcozyhome.Inthisway,legendsarecreatedineveryplaceandcustomsarepasseddown.對(duì)等翻譯：Thepastfieldremainsthepresentcozyhome,asaresultofwhichlegendsarecreatedandcustomspreserved.43六、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)警察比小偷跑得快。Thepolicemanranfasterthanthethief.這座摩天大樓是世界第一高樓。Theskyscraperisthetallestbuildingintheworld.注意：中文一般先比較對(duì)象，再比較結(jié)果；英文相反。中文一般先范圍，再最高級(jí)；英文相反。44六、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)因此我們的苦悶，基本上比西方人為少為小;因?yàn)榭鄲灥膹?qiáng)弱原是隨欲望與野心的大小而轉(zhuǎn)移的。簡易翻譯：Therefore,ourworriesarebasicallylessthantheWesterners’forthedegreeofworryisdecidedbythatofdesireandambition.對(duì)等翻譯：Therefore,wehavelessfrustrationsthantheWesternersfortheintensityofworryandfrustrationissubjecttothemagnitudeofdesireandambition.45六、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)的人比工業(yè)社會(huì)的人享受差得多;因此欲望也小得多。簡易翻譯：Thepeopleintheagriculturalsocietyenjoymuchlessthanthoseintheindustrialsociety,sotheyhavelessdesire.對(duì)等翻譯：Thepeopleintheagriculturalsocietyareendowedwithmuchlessenjoymentandthuslessdesirethanthoseintheindustrialsociety.46六、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)我認(rèn)為最好的釣魚場所不是舒適的、給你準(zhǔn)備好餓魚的垂釣園，而是那極其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的場所。簡易翻譯：Ithinkthebestfishingplaceisnotthecomfortablefishingpondwithhungryfishesbuttheattractivenaturalplace.對(duì)等翻譯：Ithinkthebestfishingplaceisnottheman-madefishingpondwithhungryfisheswhichofferscompletecomfort,butthenature-formedplacewhichholdsastonishingappeal.47七、同位語我想，其實(shí)誰都有一個(gè)小小花園，這便是我們的內(nèi)心世界。簡易翻譯：Ibelievethateveryone,infact,hasasmallgarden,whichishisinnerworld.對(duì)等翻譯：Ibelievethateveryone,ineffect,isendowedwithasmal