人教版高一英語必修一unit1知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解及練習(xí)-文檔

單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽諺語：afriendinneedisafriendindeed患難見真情Afriendislikeasecondself.朋友是另一個(gè)自我。一、短語歸納loughtat嘲笑hideaway躲起來aseriesof一系列g(shù)row\becrazyabout對(duì)…十分狂熱；十分癡迷somethingtodowith與…有關(guān)的某事、nothingtodowith與…無關(guān)happentodosth碰巧做某事atdusk:黃昏時(shí)刻傍晚facetoface面對(duì)面Takecareof照顧Walkingthedog遛狗（Payforsth為…付款Pack（sth）up將東西裝箱打包Finishsth\doingsth完成某事、完成做某事Stayawake熬夜end-of-termexam期末考fallinlovewith愛上accordingto根據(jù)makealistof列清單二、.詞語辨析1.calm/quiet/silent/still【解釋】calm天氣、水、水面（表風(fēng)平浪靜）；（指人時(shí)）表示鎮(zhèn)定自如。quiet表“寧靜”、“安靜”、“寂靜”，側(cè)重沒有響聲，沒有噪音和沒有動(dòng)靜。指人時(shí)側(cè)重性格溫和，文靜。silent表“沉默”、“不發(fā)言”、“不說話”，常常表示人不愛說話，沉默無語。still“不動(dòng)的”，指人時(shí)側(cè)重一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，；指物時(shí)指完全沒有聲音，突出靜止不動(dòng)。【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1).Pleasestand__________whileItakeyourphoto.2).Whydoyoukeep__________?3).Everythingwas___________.4).Heremained___________inthefaceoftheenemy.答案:1).still 2).silent 3).quiet 4).calm2.join/joinin/takepartin/attend【解釋】join 表示參加組織、黨派、團(tuán)體、軍隊(duì)、俱樂部等joinin表示參加游戲、活動(dòng)等；joinsb.(insth.)表（和某人一起）做某事takepartin表示參與、參加討論、游行、比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、斗爭(zhēng)、運(yùn)動(dòng)、慶祝等attend 主要指出席、參加會(huì)議、婚禮；聽講座、課、報(bào)告、音樂會(huì)等；上學(xué)、教堂【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1).CanI___________thegame?2).Didyou____________thefighting?3).He__________thearmylastyear.4).Alotofpeople__________herwedding.答案:1).joinin 2).takepartin 3).joined 4）attended四.重點(diǎn)詞匯1.upsetadj.心煩意亂的，不安的；不適的vt.(upset,upset)Don'tupsetyourself--noharmhasbeendone.不要難過--并沒有造成傷害。2.concernv.擔(dān)憂;涉及;關(guān)系到n.擔(dān)心，關(guān)注；（利害）關(guān)系[重點(diǎn)用法]as/sofaras…beconcerned關(guān)于；至于；就……而言beconcernedabout關(guān)心beconcernedinsth.牽涉到，與……有關(guān)，參與

3.settlevt.安家；定居；停留vt.使定居，安家；解決1).ThefamilyhassettledinCanada.這家人已定居加拿大。2）Tryyourbesttocalmyourselfdown..[重點(diǎn)用法]settledown鎮(zhèn)定下來settlein在…定居

4.suffervt.&vi.遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷Doyousufferfromheadaches?你常頭痛嗎?sufferfrom感到疼痛﹑不適﹑悲傷等;受苦;吃苦頭:5.disagreevt.不同意disagreewithsb不同意某人的觀點(diǎn).Evenfriendssometimesdisagreewitheachother.即便是朋友也有時(shí)意見不一。五.重點(diǎn)詞組1.addup加起來Addupyourscoresandseehowmanypointsyoucanget.把你的得分加起來，看看你能得幾分。add(…)to….把什么）加入…中addupto…加起來是addto增加[練習(xí)]用add的適當(dāng)形式或構(gòu)成的詞組填空1).Willyou_____somemorestudentstothisproject?2).Smallnumbers_____alargeone.3).50_______50equals100.答案:1).add2).addupto3).added

2.gothrough經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受 [短語歸納]goafter追求，追趕 goahead前進(jìn)；請(qǐng)說（做）吧goby走過，（時(shí)間）過去 goalongwith向前，（與……）一起去goinfor愛好，從事 goout外出；（燈，火）熄滅goover越過；復(fù)習(xí) goup爬上，（價(jià)格等）上升gohome回家gotobed上床睡覺3.onpurpose故意，有目的地[短語歸納]dosth.onpurpose:故意做某事 onpurpose表示故意地、有企圖、有目的地4.getalongwith與某人相處；(工作的)進(jìn)展1)Heisnoteasy-going.It’sveryhardtogetalongwithhim他不是個(gè)隨和的人，很難相處。2).Howareyougettingalongwithyourwork?工作進(jìn)展如何？[短語歸納]getalong/onwell/badlywith與……相處得好/不好，……進(jìn)展順利/不順利getaway離開，逃離 getdown下來；寫下，取下getdownto(doing)開始認(rèn)真干…… getover克服，擺脫 getthrough通過，做完 gettogether聚集5.

inorderto…為了……（可置于句首或句中）Shearrivedearlyinordertogetagoodseat.她到得很早,圖的是得個(gè)好座位。[短語歸納]soasto為了……（只能置于句中，不能置于句首）inorderthat…以便（后跟句子） sothat…以便（后跟句子）sharesth.withsb.Vt.分享，分擔(dān)短語：E.g.Shealwaysshareshappinessandworrieswithme.7.Nolonger\not…anylonger不再Ifyouarealwaysdishonest,peoplewillnolongerbelieveyou.如果你老是言過其實(shí)，人們就不會(huì)相信你了。8Get\betiredof對(duì)…厭煩betiredwith對(duì)…到疲倦Youmaybetiredwithreading,butyoushouldnotbetiredofit.9shouldhavedone本應(yīng)該。。shouldn’thavedone表示過去應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際上沒有做E.gYoushouldhavecomeherfiveminutesago.E.gYoushouldn’thavetoldhimaboutthis.六.重點(diǎn)句子（旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）1.Momaskedherif(whether)shewasveryhotwithsomanyclotheson.媽媽問她穿那么多衣服是不是很熱。[解釋]with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：with+賓語+v.–ing/v.–ed/todo/adj./adv./prep.phrases由“介詞with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中通常作為狀語，表示背景情況，為方式，原因或條件等，另外，該結(jié)構(gòu)也可以作為定語使用。下面簡(jiǎn)述幾種情況：1)如果在該結(jié)構(gòu)中的分詞表示的動(dòng)作是由前面的名詞或代詞發(fā)出的，構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，即主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行，該分詞用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。2)如果分詞表示的動(dòng)作與前面的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即被動(dòng)，該分詞用過去分詞形式。（被動(dòng)）3)賓語補(bǔ)足語也可以使用介詞短語，形容詞或副詞來充當(dāng),表狀態(tài)[典例]1.with+賓語+副詞，如：Thesquarelooksmorebeautifulwithallthelightson2.with+賓語+介詞短語，如：Theteachercameinwithabookinhishand3.with+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞，如：Withtheteacherstandingbeside，shefeltabituneasy.4.with+賓語+過去分詞，如：Withtheworkdone,shefeltgreatlyrelieved.5.with+賓語+不定式，如：WithMrSmithtoteachthemEnglishnextterm,theywillbegreatlyimprovedinspokenEnglish.2.Idon’tsetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo…我不愿意像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水帳……[解釋]as引導(dǎo)的從句為比較狀語從句，意為“像大多數(shù)人那么做”。as用作連詞，可引導(dǎo)下列狀語從句：1).引導(dǎo)狀語從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句謂語動(dòng)詞與從句謂語的同時(shí)性，伴隨著。。Ashegrewolderhelostinterestineverythingexceptgardening.隨著他年紀(jì)越來越大，他失去了對(duì)所有事物的興趣，除了園藝。2).引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管，雖然，即使”（從句需倒裝）Coldasitis,mybrotherwearsonlyashirt.盡管天氣冷，我哥只穿了一件襯衫。3).引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，表示“以……方式”。Whydidn’tyoutakethemedicineasItoldyouto?為什么你沒有按我說的服這藥？4).引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句(=since;because)，“由于，因?yàn)椤薄syouwerenotthere,Ileftamessage.因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)你不在那，所以我給你留了便條。5)引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句。Sheisastallasyou.她和你一樣高。3.Itis/wasthe…timethat………第幾次……[解釋]that從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞一般用完成時(shí)態(tài)。1).Itisthefirsttimethathehasheardthissong.4。Iwonderifit’sbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲议L(zhǎng)久無法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事情都無比狂熱。句子結(jié)構(gòu)：wonder＋ifIwonderifIcangoatonce.so…that從句---如此…以至于IwassoangrythatIcansaynothing.5Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.(定語從句)我記得非常清楚，以前，湛藍(lán)的天空，鳥兒的歌唱，月光和鮮花，從未令我心迷神往過。自從我來到這里，這一切都變了。[模仿要點(diǎn)]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis/wasatimewhen…Thereis/wasatimewhen…曾經(jīng)，一度ItwasatimewhenImissedmyhometownverymuch.6it’sbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.句型：Itis+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+thatIlikeEnglishverymuchatthebeginningofthisterm.(1)ItisIthatlikeEnglishverymuchatthebeginningofthisterm.(2)ItisEnglishthatIlikeverymuchatthebeginningofthisterm.(3)ItisatthebeginningofthistermthatIlikeEnglishverymuch英語單元練習(xí)一一、.單項(xiàng)填空---Mary’sgotcrazyandhasbeensenttothementalhospital.Didyoutellherbossaboutthat?---Yes,butI_A____herhusbandfirst.A.shouldhavetold B.shouldn’thavetold C.musthavetold D.needn’thavetoldTherewas____A__time_____Chineseusedforeignoil.A.a;when B.a;while C./;when D./;while3．Itwasbecauseofbadweather_D_thefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.A.so B.sothat C.why D.that4.---Look!Thetelephoneisbroken.Someonedamagedit__A__purpose.---Thatmayberight.Butperhapsitwasbroken_________accident.A.on;by B.by;by C.on;on D.by;on5.Whatgreattroublewehad___A__wherehishousewas.A.infinding B.tofind C.find D.foundSomestudentshavetrouble____D_grammarwhileothershavedifficulty______newwords.A.in;rememberB.for;torememberC.on;rememberingD.with;remembering7．Icannotspend____moneyonthecarwhichis_A__expensiveforme.A.toomuch;muchtooB.fartoo;toomuchC.muchtoo;toomuchD.toomany;muchtoo8．Acatchthefirstbus,hegotupveryearlythismorning.A.InordertoB.InorderthatC.SoastoD.Sothat9.Therearealtogether6peopleintheroom,thebaby__C____.A.includeB.includingC.includedD.toinclude10.Themanagerofthefactorytoldusthatverylittle___C___wasmadeofthewastematerialinthepast.A.costB.valueC.useD.matter11.Thereisno____C__swimming-poolinthisschoolandthestudentsoftengotoswim______.A.indoors;outdoorsB.indoor;outdoorC.indoor;outdoorsD.indoor;indoors12.ItisthefirsttimethatI__B_____thiskindofmooncake.A.enjoyedB.haveenjoyedC.enjoyD.enjoying13.Whenwasit__D_yourmothershowedyouaroundtheWestLake？A.untilB.ifC.which D.that14．Inthereadingroom,wefoundher___D____atadesk,withherattention______onabook.A.sitting;fixingB.tosit;fixedC.seating;fixingD.seated;fixed15．I’mgladyou’vecome;Iam___C____telephoningyou.A.atthepointofB.tothepointofC.onthepointofD.inthepointof二、翻譯下面單詞和短語1膽敢_________________11.生氣___________________使平靜_______________12.關(guān)心___________________嘲笑_________________13.記下___________________經(jīng)歷_________________14.對(duì)…狂熱_______________戶外_________________15.不睡覺________________根據(jù)_________________16.碰巧__________________一系列_______________17.故意地________________感激_________________18.面對(duì)面________________交流_________________19.忽視__________________10．加起來_____________20.放好___________________三、完成句子1．我聽了老師的建議，買了一部英英詞典。___Ifollowedmyteacher’sadviceandboughtanEnglish-Englishdictionary.2．由于多年犯有心臟病，懷特教授無論到哪里都要隨身帶藥。Havingsufferedfromhearttroubleforyears，ProfessorWhitemusttakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.3還有一次，就在幾個(gè)月前的一天晚上，我碰巧在樓上，窗戶是開著的。Anothertimesomemonthsago,___Ihappenedtobeupstairsoneeveningwhenthewindowwasopen.4．媽媽問他穿這么多衣服是不是很熱。Mumaskedwhethershewasveryhot__withsomanyclotheson5．由于天氣不好，走俏足球比賽不得不推遲。___Itwasbecauseofthebadweatherthatthefootballmatchhadtobepostponed.6．你會(huì)告訴你的朋友你很關(guān)心他，但是你得去上課。Youwilltellyourfriend__.thatyouareconcernedaboutherbutyouhavetogotoclass.7.不要嘲笑他，有時(shí)候你做得還不如他好。_Don'tlaughathimSometimesyouarenotabletodoaswellashe(does).8.我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水帳。Idon’twantto___setdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo.五、句子翻譯1.他們躲在那里差不多兩年，從來不敢出來。(dare)_____.Theyhidthereforalmosttwoyearsandneverdaredgoout.2．我們?cè)噲D使他平靜下來，但他仍不停地叫著。(calmdown)_________Wetriedtocalmhimdown,buthekeptshouting.3．在20世紀(jì)前，中國(guó)經(jīng)歷了太多的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。(gothrough)_____Intheearly20thcentury,Chinawentthroughtoomanywars.4．瓊斯先生單獨(dú)一人生活，常常感到孤獨(dú)。(lonely:alone)___MrJoneslivesaloneandoftenfeelslonely.5．我們通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)互相交流。(communicatewith)___WecommunicatewitheachotherbyInternet/throughtheInternet.6．這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚。(Itis…that…Itwasthefirsttimei