初中定語(yǔ)從句講解和練習(xí)

初中定語(yǔ)從句講解和練習(xí)/初中定語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。如：1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面兩句中的man和everything是定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞，叫先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句放在先行詞的后面。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞that,which,who(賓格who,所有格whose)和關(guān)系副詞where,when、why關(guān)系詞常有三個(gè)作用：1、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句2、代替先行詞3、在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分二、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.who指人，在從句中做主語(yǔ)(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，?？墒÷浴?1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中常用who代替，可省略。(3)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主語(yǔ))(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做賓語(yǔ))4.that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。(5)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主語(yǔ))(6)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?(在句子中做賓語(yǔ))5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)

(1)hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.

(2)ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.

whose指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替

(3)theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.

(4)theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.

(5)doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?

(6)doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?

三、關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)

(1)theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.

(2)theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.

(3)tomorrowiwillbringhereamagazine(that/which)youaskedfor.

(4)tomorrowiwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked.

(5)we'llgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/that/who)wehaveoftentalkedabout.

(6)we'llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.

注意：1.

含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)一般不拆開(kāi)使用，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等

(1)thisisthewatchwhich/thatiamlookingfor.(t)

(2)thisisthewatchforwhichiamlooking.(f)

2.

若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用whom，不可用who或者that；指物時(shí)用which，不能用that；

(1)themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.(t)

(2)themanwho/thatyoutalkedwithismyfriend.(f)

(3)theplaneinwhichweflewtocanadaisverycomfortable.(t)

(4)theplaneinthatweflewintocanadaisverycomfortable.(f)

3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代詞或者數(shù)詞

(1)helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.

(2)inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someof

whichhavegonebad.

(3)therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.解答"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"類型的定語(yǔ)從句題時(shí)，關(guān)鍵在于分析定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（該動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞）習(xí)慣上常與什么介詞搭配使用。這就需要同學(xué)們?cè)谄綍r(shí)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)要注重某些不及物動(dòng)詞和介詞慣用的情形，并要靈活運(yùn)用。例如：inthedarkstreet,therewasn'tasingleperson________shecouldturnforhelp.a.thatb.whoc.fromwhomd.towhom簡(jiǎn)析:本題定語(yǔ)從句中的turn與介詞to構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)"turntosb.forhelp(向某人求助）"。所以，d是正確選項(xiàng)。

定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)練習(xí)(一)請(qǐng)分析一下定語(yǔ)從句：(請(qǐng)劃出定語(yǔ)從句，并標(biāo)出先行詞)1.

CheckthewaysyoustudyforanEnglishtest.2.

AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.3.

Youcouldn’tunderstandpeoplewhotalkedfast.4.

Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.5.

Theysaidsomethingyoudidn’tlike.二、用關(guān)系代詞填空：that、which、who、whom、whose1.

Thisistheman________wantstoseeyou.2.

Thestudent___________answeredthequestionisZhangHua.3.

Theman__________youwenttoseehascome.4.

Theman___________Imetyesterdaylentmesomemoney.8.

Theman___________waspassingbysawwhathappened.9.

Hereisthepen_________youlostthedaybeforeyesterday.10.

Thesebooks_____________youlentmewereveryuseful.三、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.YourteacherofChineseisayounglady____comesfromBeijing.A.who B.which C.whom D.whose()2Ilikethehouse_____windowsfacesouth.A.whose B.who’s C.it's D.its()3Hewastheonlypersoninhisoffice______wasinvited.A.whom B.whose C.that D.which()4.Thisisthemuseum______wevisitedlastyear.A.where B.inwhichC.which D.inthat()5.Charlietoldhismotherall____hadhappened.A.that B.what C.which D.who6.—WhereistheSchoolEnglishSpeechContestgoingtobeheldtonight?—I’mnotsure.Isitinthehall_____canhold300people?A.whereB.whatC.thatD.when7.—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?—Ilikemovies_______scarymonsters.A.whichhasB.thathaveC.whathasD.whyhave8.Doyouknowtheman______istalkingtoMissWu?A.he B.whom C.who D.which9.—Whichisyournewneighbor,LiuHua?—Theman_______T-shirtisred.A.thatB.whoC.whichD.whose10.—Doyouknowthegirl_______istalkingwithourteacher?—Oh,she’smysister.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.where11.People______overweightneedmorewaterthanthinpeople.A.whois B.whichareC.thatis D.whoare12.Sorry,wedonthavethecoat________youneed.A.whatB.whoC.whomD.which13.Thisisthedictionary________Mumgavemeformybirthday.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whom14.Doyouknowtheman________issittingbehindNancy?A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whom15.Thebook________heboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A./B.whyC.whenD.what狀語(yǔ)從句專練Ⅰ.選擇填空：1.Themancan’tgetonthebusbecausethere________noroomonit.A.wasB.isC.areD.were2.Iwaslisteningtothemusic________therewasaknockatthedoor.A.whileB.whenC.becauseD.until3.Idon’tknowifhe________tomorrow,ifhe_________,I’llmeethim.A.willcome,comesB.comes,comesC.willcome,willcomeD.come,willcome4Theteacherunderstandsthat________Mathshadalwaysbeeneasyforhim,itisnoteasyforthestudents.A.sinceB.unlessC.thoughD.when5.________Iread,themoreIunderstand.A.ThemoreB.SomuchC.HowmuchD.Forall6.WouldyougiveJohnnythisletterifyou________toseehimthisweek. A.willhappenB.happenC.arehappenedD.happened7.Shewasbusy,________shecouldn’tgotoyourbirthdaypartylastnight. A.andB.soC.orD.but8.Englishis________ausefullanguage________itisspokeninmanycountriesoftheworld.A.so…thatB.such…thatC.so…becauseD.such…because9.Youwillsucceedifyou________harder.A.willworkB.won’tworkC.workD.don’twork10.Writeclearly________yourteachercanunderstandyoucorrectly.A.sinceB.forC.becauseD.sothat11.Hisbrotherhasworkedthere________heleftschool.A.whenB.afterC.sinceD.until12.Theboydidn’tstoptalking________thesecondbellrang.A.whenB.untilC.afterD.because13.Heranasfastaspossible________hecouldreachschoolontime.A.inordertoB.soastoC.whenD.sothat初中賓語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題

1.Idon'tknow_________hewillcometomorrow._________hecomes,I'lltellyou．

A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;If

2.Couldyoutellme_________thenearesthospitalis?

A.whatB.howC.whetherD.