高考英語一輪預(yù)習(xí)案第一部分選修六Module5

Module5CloningⅠ.情景默寫1.WhenIsawheryesterday，shewasacpanied(陪伴)byherboyfriend.2.Itsuddenlyoccurredtothedetectivethatthemillionairewasprobablymurdered(謀殺)byhisowndaughter.3.Theworldeconomiccrisisarose(發(fā)生)，buttheglobaleconomybegantorecoververysoon.4.Hecontrasted(對照)hissufferingsintheoldsocietywithhishappinessinthenewone.5.Absorbed(沉迷于)intheresearch，thescientistdidn’theartheexplosion.6.Shehastakenalotofdifferentmedicines，butnonehascured(治愈)thedisease.7.Shewasterrified(害怕的)whensheheardthenoisefromoutside.8.Researchersfoundthatpeopleborninthesummerweremorelikelytochangequicklybetweensadandhappyemotions(情緒).9.Ijumpedupandstartedchasing(追趕)thethiefdownthestreet，calling“stop！”10.Havingbeenrefused(拒絕)manytimes，thedeterminedmandidn’tgiveupandwasfinallyofferedapositioninthefirm.11.Itiswellknownthatsportsarebeneficial(有益的)tobuildingourbodies.12.Icouldn’tresist(忍住)tellinghimthesecret.13.IapologizedtohimbecauseItookhisumbrellabymistake(錯(cuò)誤地).14.Relyingon(依靠)theirownefforts，theyovercameallthedifficultiesandfinishedthetaskaheadoftime.15.OnlywhentheEuropeancountries’financialsystembrokedown(出問題)didtheydecidetotakemeasurestodealwiththoseproblems.16.Theplanegotoutofcontrol(失控)andcrashedintothesea.Ⅱ.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換1.Theappealofironasabuildingmaterialliesinitsstrength，itsresistance(resist)tofire，anditspotentialtospan(跨越)vastareas.2.EveryoneknowsthebenefitoflearningEnglishandifyouworkhard，itwillbebeneficialtoyourfuturecareer.ItisreportedthatmanygraduateshavebenefitedfromhavingagoodmandofEnglish.(beneficial)3.Thedogisagoodpanionanditkeepsthelittlegirlpanyallthetime，andevenacpanieshertoschool.(acpany)4.ThetrafficaccidentthathappenedyesterdayterrifiedMary.Itwasreallyaterrifyingexperiencetoher，andnowsheisstillterrifiedatthethoughtofgettingonabus.(terrify)5.Hetookadeepbreath(breathe)tobreathethefreshair.1.句型公式：while＋v.－ing當(dāng)……時(shí)候讀書時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該與書保持一定的距離以保護(hù)我們的眼睛。Whilereading，weshouldkeepacertaindistancefromthebooktoprotectoureyes.2.句型公式：wish＋賓語從句(虛擬語氣)他希望昨天抓住了那次機(jī)會(huì)并且希望今天會(huì)有好運(yùn)。Hewishesthathehadseizedthechanceyesterdayandwisheshewouldhavegoodlucktoday.第一板塊核心詞匯1.beneficialadj.有益的；有用的高考必刷題練透單句語法填空/一句多譯①Shealsosaysthateachgroupmembercanbenefitfrom/byworkingtogether.②Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitalforthebenefitofallitscitizens.(福建卷)③Readingwidelyandregularlywillbebeneficial(benefit)toyourEnglish.?據(jù)說瑜伽對人體健康有益處。④It’ssaidthatYogaisverybeneficialtohumanhealth.(beneficial)⑤It’ssaidthatYogaisofgreatbenefittohumanhealth.(benefitn.)狀元筆記全記牢(1)bebeneficialto對……有利/益處(2)benefitv.有利于，受益獲利n.益處，好處benefitfrom/by從……中獲益；得益于forthebenefitofsb＝forone’sbenefit為了某人的利益beofbenefitto對……有益處2.curev.治愈；治療n.治愈；治療高考必刷題練透單句語法填空/單句改錯(cuò)/句式升級(jí)①M(fèi)anybadhabitscanbeespeciallydifficulttocure(cure)becausetheyarelikelytohavebeenformedataveryyoungage.(2015·湖北卷)②Thefactisthatthemedicinecan’tcurehisfatherofhiscancer.③Chinesescientistsareabsorbedinfurtherresearchtofindacureofcancer.of→for④Manybadhabitsareespeciallydifficulttocure.→It’sespeciallydifficulttocuremanybadhabits.(it作形式主語)狀元筆記全記牢curesbofsth治愈某人的疾病；消除某人的憂慮acurefor...……的治療方法；……的解決方法【點(diǎn)津】與cure結(jié)構(gòu)相似的詞匯：①robsbofsth搶劫某人的……②cheatsbofsth騙某人的……③informsbofsth通知某人某事④remindsbofsth使某人想起某事3.resistv.抗拒；對抗；反抗；抵抗；忍住(一般用于否定式)高考必刷題練透單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Iknowitistimeformetosetouttodomyhomework，butIjustcan’tresistplaying(play)putergames.②Amongthemarespecialwindowsthatareresistant(resist)todirtandwater.③Vitaminscanbuildupyourresistance(resist)tocoldsandflu.④Whenstayingwiththem，hecouldn’thelpplayingajokeonthem.→Whenstayingwiththem，hecouldn’tberesistanttoplayingajokeonthem.→Whenstayingwiththem，hecouldn’tresistplayingajokeonthem.狀元筆記全記牢(1)resist(doing)sth反對(干)某事can’tresistdoingsth＝can’thelpdoingsth忍不住做……(2)resistantadj.對……有抵抗力的，抵制的，反抗的，抗拒的beresistantto對……有抵抗力(3)resistancen.抵抗；反對【點(diǎn)津】resist表示“忍住”時(shí)，常與表示否定意義的can’t/canhardly/benotableto連用；resist后常接動(dòng)詞ing形式，不接不定式。4.absorbv.吸收；理解；掌握；吸引(興趣)；使專心高考必刷題練透單句語法填空/單句改錯(cuò)/句式升級(jí)①Atthestation，theposterofthenewfilmabsorbed(absorb)myattention.②Thenovelwassoabsorbing(absorb)thatshereadonwithoutabreakevenforgettingfoodandsleep.③Whendeeplyabsorbinginwork，whichheoftenwas，hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.(北京卷)absorbing→absorbed④Tomwasabsorbedinwatchingthebasketballmatchandhedidn’tnoticehisclassmateinguptohim.→Absorbedinwatchingthebasketballmatch，Tomdidn’tnoticehisclassmateinguptohim.(分詞短語作狀語)狀元筆記全記牢(1)absorb/attract/drawone’sattention吸引某人的注意力(2)absorbedadj.精力集中的beabsorbedin＝absorboneselfin專心致志于；全神貫注于(3)absorbingadj.十分吸引人的；引人入勝的【點(diǎn)津】beabsorbedin(doing)sth結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語、定語時(shí)，常用其過去分詞形式absorbedin...。類似的還有：belostin...專心致志于……；becaughtin...被困在……；beburiedin...埋頭于……；bedevotedto...致力于……，專心于……；beinvolvedin...專注于……5.breakdown分解，故障，(身體)垮掉；(談判等)破裂高考必刷題練透寫出下列句中breakdown的含義①Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead，becausetheair－conditioningsystembrokedown.(陜西卷)(機(jī)器)出故障②Thepeacetalksbrokedownwithnoagreementreached.(談判)失?、跦ishealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.(身體)垮掉④Tounderstandthegrammarofthesentence，youmustbreakitdownintoparts.(湖北卷)分解狀元筆記全記牢breakin強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入；打斷(談話)，插嘴breakinto闖入，破門而入breakout爆發(fā)，突然發(fā)生breakthrough突破；克服，戰(zhàn)勝breakup解散；結(jié)束；拆散第二板塊經(jīng)典句式6.Iwish＋thatclause...“但愿……”高考必刷題練透單句語法填空/單句改錯(cuò)/完成句子①Ellenisafantasticdancer.IwishIdanced(dance)aswellasher.(2015·陜西卷)②IwishIhadbeen(be)atmysister’sweddinglastTuesday，butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.(2015·天津卷)③—I’mgoingtoSanFranciscoforacoupleofdays.—Ireallyenvyyou.IwishIwould/couldget(get)awayforawhile.④Amanwhowisheshaveacareerhastomakeagreatmanysacrifices.have→tohave⑤我們祝你新年快樂。WewishyouaHappyNewYear.⑥他的數(shù)學(xué)沒考及格。我多么希望他早聽從你的建議。Hefailedinthemathsexam.HowIwishhehadtakenyouradvice.狀元筆記全記牢wish后跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，表示某種強(qiáng)烈而又難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，所以從句中要用虛擬語氣。從句中的謂語形式如下：(1)did/were(表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望)(2)haddone/been(表示與過去事實(shí)相反的愿望)(3)would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形(表示與將來事實(shí)相反的愿望)【點(diǎn)津】wish后可接雙賓語，也可接復(fù)合賓語，跟動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要跟不定式形式。Ⅰ.課文語法填空Frankenstein，1.ayoungscientist，discoversthesecretofhowtocreatelifewhile2.studying(study)atuniversity.Usingbonesfromdeadbodies，hecreatesacreaturethatresemblesahumanbeingandgives3.itlife.Thecreatureisthe4.ugliest(ugly)thingFrankensteinhaseverseen，andhemakesthepeoplearound5.terrified(terrify).WhenFrankensteinrefuses6.tocreate(create)awifeforhim，themonster7.murders(murder)Frankenstein’sbrother，hisnewwifeandhisbestfriend.Frankensteinregretswhathe8.hasdone(do).Inordertodestroythecreature，thescientistchaseshimtotheArctic，9.wherehedies.10.Intheend，themonsterdisappearsintotheiceandsnow.Ⅱ.課文短文改錯(cuò)Isitpossibletoclonedinosaurs?ItiswellknownthatdinosaurDNAwouldnotintactafterthelongperiodoftimesincetheirextinct.Whenlifeends，DNAbreaksoutanddoesn’trepairit.Soclonedinosaursseemsscientificallyimpossible.Theworldisnotreadyforthemandthematerialsneededarenotyetavailable.Evenifitwaspossibletobringdinosaursbacktothelifetheyprobablecouldnotsurviveinthepresent－dayenvironment.Temperature，air，disease，andplantarealldifferenttodaythanintheeraofdinosaurs.Dinosaursareusedtoliveinapletelydifferentworldandwouldfinddifficultylivinghere.答案Isitpossibletoclonedinosaurs?ItiswellknownthatdinosaurDNAwouldnotintactafterthelongperiodoftimesincetheireq\f(extinct,extinction).Whenlifeends，DNAbreakseq\f(out,down)anddoesn’trepaireq\f(it,itself).Soeq\f(clone,cloning)dinosaursseemsscientificallyimpossible.Theworldisnotreadyforeq\f(them,it)andthematerialsneededarenotyetavailable.Evenifitwaspossibletobringdinosaursbacktoeq\a\vs4\al(the)lifetheyeq\f(probable,probably)couldnotsurviveinthepresent－dayenvironment.Temperature，air，disease，andeq\f(plant,plants)arealldifferenttodaythanintheeraofdinosaurs.Dinosaursareusedtoeq\f(live,living)inapletelydifferentworldandwouldfinddifficultylivinghere.Ⅲ.教材與寫作假設(shè)你是李華，你班的同學(xué)關(guān)于克隆展開了討論。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)如下：1.有些人贊成：可被用來治療疾病，對人類有益；2.有些人反對：可能創(chuàng)造怪物，世界會(huì)遭到破壞；3.我的觀點(diǎn)：使用恰當(dāng)，有益人類。注意：1.請根據(jù)以上提示寫一篇50詞左右的短文；2.盡量使用本模塊的知識(shí)點(diǎn)；3.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)。【參考范文】Myclassmateshaveaheateddiscussionaboutcloning.Someareforitbecausetheythinkcloningcanbeusedtocuresomediseases，whichisbeneficialtohumanbeings.However，othersdon’tagree.Theyholdtheviewthatscientistmaycreatemonstersbymistake.Ifthemonstersgotoutofcontrol，theworldwouldbedestroyed.Everycoinhastwosides.Inmyopinion，ifitisusedcorrectly，itwillbenefitus.Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2018·甘肅蘭州高考診斷考試)“Mostepisodesofabsent－mindedness—forgettingwhereyouleftsomethingorwonderingwhyyoujustenteredaroom—arecausedbyasimplelackofattention，”saysSchacter.“Your’resupposedtoremembersomething，butyouhaven’tencodeditdeeply.”Encoding，Schacterexplains，isaspecialwayofpayingattentiontoaneventthathasamajorimpactonrecallingitlater.Failuretoencodeproperlycancreateanannoyingsituation.Ifyouputyourmobilephoneinapocket，forexample，anddon’tpayattentiontowhatyoudidbecauseyou’reinvolvedinaconversation，you’llprobablyforgetthatthephoneisinthejacketnowhanginginyourwardrobe(衣柜).“Yourmemoryitselfisn’tfailingyou，”saysSchacter.“Rather，youdidn’tgiveyourmemorysystemtheinformationitneeded.”Lackofinterestcanalsoleadtoabsent－mindedness.“Amanwhorecitessportsstatisticsfrom30yearsago，”saysZelinski，“maynotremembertodropaletterinthemailbox.”Womenhaveslightlybettermemorythanmen，possiblybecausetheyaremoreinterestedinwhat’shappeningaroundthem，andmemoryreliesonjustthat.“Visualcues(提示)canhelppreventabsent－mindedness，”saysSchacter.“Butbesurethecueisclearandavailable，”hecautions.Ifyouwanttoremembertotakeamedicationwithlunch，putthepillbottleonthekitchentable—don’tleaveitinthemedicinechestandwriteyourselfanotethatyoukeepinapocket.Anothermonepisodeofabsent－mindedness:walkingintoaroomandwonderingwhyyou’rethere.Mostlikely，youwerethinkingaboutsomethingelse.“Everyonedoesthisfromtimetotime，”saysZelinski.Thebestthingtodoistoreturntowhereyouwerebeforeenteringtheroom，andyou’lllikelyremember.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文主要介紹了心不在焉的原因以及相應(yīng)的應(yīng)對策略。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“episodes”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Experiences. B.Experiments.C.Expressions. D.Feelings.答案A[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段和最后一段的第一句可推知，episode指的是心不在焉的一種經(jīng)歷，故選A。experience“經(jīng)歷”。]2.Accordingtothepassage，womenhavebettermemorythanmenprobablybecause.A.theyhaveawiderrangeofinterestsB.theyalwaysputthingswheretheywereC.theypaymoreattentiontotheirenvironmentD.theyprefertowritenotestotellthemselveswhattheyshoulddo答案C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句可知，女性比男性更關(guān)注周圍的環(huán)境，因此記憶力要好些。]3.Whatcanhelppreventabsent－mindednessaccordingtoSchacter?A.Writingnotes.B.Takingsomemedicine.C.Puttingsomethinginsight.D.Returningtowhereyouwere.答案C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的第一句可知，Schacter認(rèn)為人們可以用可視性提示來規(guī)避心不在焉。A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)均是文中列舉的具體事例，并不是建議；D項(xiàng)是Zelinski提供的應(yīng)對策略，故排除。]4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AWayofRecallingB.TheImportanceofEncodingC.CuresforAbsent－mindednessD.CausesandCopingStrategiesofAbsent－mindedness答案D[標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章中的高頻詞“absent－mindedness”和對全文的整體理解可知，本文主要講的是心不在焉的原因及其應(yīng)對策略，故選D。]Ⅱ.七選五(2018·新疆普通高考第二次適應(yīng)性檢測)HowtoOvereShynessDoesthethoughtoftalkinginfrontofpeoplemakeyoushy？Ifso，youarefarfromalone.Manypeopleintheworldsufferfrommildtoextremeshynessandarestrugglingtoovereit.Rememberthatbreakingoutfromthatshelldoesn’tmagicallyhappenovernight.1You’reontherighttrackbyjustreadingthisarticle—nowlet’skeepgoing.Figureoutyourreasons.Doyoubeeshyinfrontofnewaudience？Orwhensurroundedbypeopleyouknowandadmire？Trytofindoutthethoughtsthatgothroughyourheadrightbeforetheshynesshits.Chancesarethatnotallsituationsmakeyoushy.You’reokaybeingaroundyourfamily，right？Aretheydifferentfromthestrangersaroundyou？Ofcoursenot.23For99%ofus，webeeshywhenwethinkifwespeakuporstandout，we’llembarrassourselves.That’swhyit’simportanttofocusonothers.Whenwestopfocusingonourselves，westopworryingaboutourperformance.Practicespeakingclearlytoyourself.Youhavegottenusedtohearingyourownvoice！Recordyourselfpretendingtohaveconversations.Soundsridiculous，sure，butyou’llnoticepatterns，whenandwhyyoustop，etc.Atthebeginningyou’llfeellikeanactor，butitwillbeeanoldhabit.4Don’tpareyourselftoothers.Themoreyoupareyourselftoothers，themoreyouwillfeelthatyouarenotabletomeasureup.5Evenifyoudo，doitrealistically.Everyoneelsehashisownconfidenceproblems，too!A.Placeyourattentiononothers.B.Practicemakeshabits，youknow.C.Takethechallengeandfaceitbravely.D.Thereisnouseparingyourselftoanybodyelse.E.Ittakestime，effortsandofcoursethedesiretochange.F.Youjustknowthembetterandwhat’smore，theyknowyou.G.Thereasonforyourshynessisthatyouarelackinginconfidence.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文主要介紹了克服在公眾面前講話害羞的方法和策略。1.E[根據(jù)上文可推知，克服害羞不是一夜之間就能做到的，還需要些其他的努力，所以選E項(xiàng)。]2.F[根據(jù)上文可推知，此處講述在家人面前不會(huì)害羞，這是因?yàn)榧胰酥g互相了解，故選F項(xiàng)。]3.A[根據(jù)下文可知，本段主要講述關(guān)注他人而不是自己就不會(huì)害羞了，所以選A項(xiàng)作本段的主題句。]4.B[根據(jù)本段主題句“Practicespeakingclearlytoyourself.”及空前一句可知，此處講的是練習(xí)的作用，故選B項(xiàng)。]5.D[根據(jù)本段主題句“Don’tpareyourselftoothers.”可推知，D項(xiàng)“將自己與其他任何人作比較是沒有用的”符合文意，所以選D項(xiàng)。]Ⅲ.完形填空(2018·江西九江二模)Thatwasasunnyday.MyfatherandIwereontheway1myuncle’shome.Peopleonthestreetwerewalkingleisurelyandchatting2，whilemyfatherwaswalkinginahurry.Itriedmybestto3him.ButIwasstillleftbehind.Icouldnotunderstandwhyhe4sofast.Duetothefastspeed，Ilostmy5andwaspletelywithsweat.Somehow，Ibegantobeangryathim.Healwaysdidnotthinkaboutmy6.“Whydoyouwalksofast?Don’tyouseemebehindyou？”Isaid7.“Youarealwayslikethis.Whymustyou8soloudly？”hesaidandhisfacegotredrightaway.Infact，Ideliberatelyspokeloudlyandmadehimangry.“Itisyour9！”Ishoutedathimimmediately.“Youalwaysliketo10others！”hecriedout.Thismademefallintoarage(憤怒).Thenwe11onthestreet.Whateverhesaid，Iquicklyansweredback.Atthattime，Iwaslikeawildbeast，losingmytemper.Manypeoplestoppedtolookatus.Iwasso12thatIcouldfeelmyfaceburning，forIsawsomepeople13me，whichmademeloseface.Itouchedmyface14glaredathim.“Iwillnevertalktohim，”Isaidtomyselfangrily.15couldmakepeopleforgeteverythingthatyourbelovedhaddoneforyou.WhenIwenttocollege，Istillhatedhim.Ididnotsayanythingtohim,16Iwerenothisdaughter.AlwaysIpretendedtoplainthatIwastoo17whenhecalledme.However，itwashistearsfromtheworn－out18thatmademefeelguiltywhenwemet.Hehadgivenmeeverythinghehad，butIcouldnot.19，IrealizedthatIshouldnothatehim.NowIbegintophonehimandaskhimtotakecareofhimself.Althoughsometimesparentswill20wrong，theyjusthopewecanbebetter.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】作者因一件小事和父親在大街上爭吵，致使自己顏面盡失，于是下定決心不再與父親說話。但隨著歲月的流逝，作者意識(shí)到是憤怒讓自己忘記了自己最愛的人為自己所做的一切，于是逐漸改變了自己對父親的態(tài)度。1.A.atB.to C.for D.of答案B[根據(jù)語境可知，作者與父親是在去叔叔家的路上。onthewayto...意為“在去……的路上”，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。]2.A.perfectly B.eagerlyC.anxiously D.enjoyably答案D[此處是說作者和父親走得比較匆忙，而街上的其他人走得比較悠閑，邊走邊開心地(enjoyably)聊著天。故選D項(xiàng)。]3.A.makefunof B.catchupwithC.makewayfor D.getridof答案B