小升初音標(biāo)學(xué)生版

音標(biāo)

入門測(cè)一、選出下列單詞劃線部分發(fā)音與所給音標(biāo)不相同的一項(xiàng)。/?/A．nurse B．mother C．worker D．sister2．/a?/A．now B．yellow C．cow D．brown3./j/A．yes B．yellow C．fly D．you4./e?/A．make B．Kate C．cake D．bad5./i:/A．tree B．green C．read D．bread6./??/A．near B．dear C．where D．here7./?/A．little B．find C．gift D．swim/?/A．sun B．cup C．money D．ruler/e/A．three B．there C．that D．this10./?/A．cook B．book C．good D．room二、選出單詞與對(duì)應(yīng)的音標(biāo)。（1）meet A.[h?：s]（2）horse B.[buk]（3）two C.['br?e?]（4）book D.[mi：t]（5）brother E.[tu：]三、選出下列句子中畫線部分的音標(biāo)，將序號(hào)填線上。A./?/B./j/C./i/D./a?/（1）Therei____s?some?milk?in?the?fri____dge.（2）Rubber?du___ck?likes?su___nny?weather.（3）They____oung?girl?wears?ay___ellow?dress?at?the?NewY___ear?party.（4）Lili?li___kes?eatingi___ce?creams?and?ri____ding?bi___kes.知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解：音標(biāo)及字母【課前熱身】讀讀下面的繞口令，看誰讀得最好Bettybeatabitofbuttertomakeabetterbutterbread.貝蒂敲打一小塊黃油要做一塊更好的奶油面包。TedsentFredtenhensyesterdaysoFred’sfreshbreadisreadyalready.特德昨天給弗萊德送去了十只母雞，所以弗萊德的新面包已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了。一、關(guān)于語音的幾個(gè)概念:1.音素:音的最小單位,英語中有48個(gè)音素.2.音節(jié):由元音和輔音構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位.3.元音:發(fā)音響亮,是樂音,口腔中氣流不受阻礙,是音節(jié)的主要組成部分.英語中有20個(gè)元音.4.輔音:發(fā)音不響亮,是噪音,口腔中氣流受到阻礙,不是音節(jié)的重要組成部分,英語中有28個(gè)輔音.二、48個(gè)國(guó)際音標(biāo)：（1）元音（20個(gè)）

5個(gè)長(zhǎng)元音：/ɑ:/

:car/arm/class/fast/?:/:ball/four/walk/

?:/:her/girl/early/i:/

:eat/tea/me/u:/:

two/school/food

7個(gè)短元音

：/?/：up/bus/love/?/ ：hot/lot/what/?/：teacher/father/after/?/：it/is/pig/?/：look/good/book /e/：bed/elephant/yes/?/：apple/happy/bag8個(gè)雙元音

：/e?/:say/day/name/a?/:like/nine/five/??/:oil/toy/boy/??/:go/no/coat/a?/:out/now/how/??/:deer/ear/dear /e?/:pear/there/air /??/:sure （2）輔音（28個(gè)）

10個(gè)清輔音：/p/

/

t/

/

k/

/f/

/θ/

/s/

/?/

/

h/

/ts/

/t?/

/tr/

pigtwocakefishthreesingshehairstudentspeachtree10個(gè)濁輔音

：/b/

/d/

/g/

/v/

/e/

/z/

/?/

/

r/

/dz/

/d?/

/dr/

bigdaddogverywithzoomeasurered

handsorangedrink3個(gè)鼻音：

/m/

/n/

/?/

milknoseking

2個(gè)半元音：

/

j//

w/

yeswater1個(gè)邊音

：/

?/lemon三、26個(gè)字母概述：英語共有26個(gè)字母,這26個(gè)字母可以組成千千萬萬個(gè)單詞,英語字母是學(xué)習(xí)英語的基礎(chǔ)。2.在26個(gè)英文字母中，元音字母：Aa

Ee

Ii

Oo

Uu

半元音字母；其他為輔音字母

。3.26個(gè)英文字母及發(fā)音音標(biāo)如下:

Aa

/ei/

Bb

/bi:/

Cc

/si:/

Dd

/di:/

Ee

/i:/

Ff

/ef/

Gg

/d3i:/

Hh

/eit∫/

Ii

/ai

/

Jj

/d3ei/

Kk

/kei/

Ll

/el/

Mn

/em/

Nn

/en/

Oo

/?u/

Pp

/pi:/

Qq

/kju:/

Rr

/a:/

Ss

/es/

Tt

/ti:/

Uu

/ju:/

Vv

/vi:/

Ww

/d?blju:/

Xx

/eks/

Yy

/wai/

Zz

/zed/

/zi:/

以上我們可以看出,英語字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如:

1)含元音音素[ei]

字母:

Aa

Hh

Jj

Kk

音標(biāo):

/ei/

/eit∫/

/d3ei/

/kei/

2)

含元音音素[i:]

字母:

Bb

Cc

Dd

Ee

Gg

Pp

Tt

Vv

Zz

音標(biāo):

/bi:/

/si:/

/di:/

/i:/

/d3i:/

/pi:/

/ti:/

/vi:/

/zi:/

3)

含元音音素[e]

字母:

Ff

Ll

Mm

Nn

Ss

Xx

Zz

音標(biāo):

/ef/

/el/

/em/

/en/

/es/

/eks/

/zed/

4)

含元音音素[ju:]

字母:

Uu

Qq

Ww

音標(biāo):

/ju:/

/kju:/

/d?blju:/

5)

含元音音素[ai]

字母:

Ii

Yy

音標(biāo):

/ai/

/wai/

【小試牛刀】1、將下列發(fā)音與音標(biāo)連線footfoodgoodgoosegreatrabbit/fu:d//f?t//gre?t//g?d//r?b?t//gu:s/四、認(rèn)識(shí)下面人體部位并試著自己進(jìn)行拼讀1.eye

/ai/

眼睛

2.nose/n?uz/

鼻子

3.tooth

/tuθ/

牙齒

4.mouth

/ma?θ/

嘴巴

5.tongue/t??/

舌頭6.hair/he?/

頭發(fā)

7.ear/??/

耳朵8.face/feis/臉9.head/hed/

頭10.hand/h?nd/

手11.arm/ɑ:m/

手12.foot/f?t/腳【小試牛刀】聽老師口令，指出老師所講身體部位音標(biāo)讀法及組合發(fā)音元音單元音：1)[i:]發(fā)音字母:eeeaeieeiee:threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeea:eatteameatleaveteacherteammeanspeakcleanpleasee:heshemeie:pieceei:receive2)[?]發(fā)音字母:iyei:sitpictureitislistsixpigbigbuildmissy:manytwentyhappydictionarye:decidedelicious3)[?]發(fā)音字母:aa:baghandandanthappyhatmapblackbackgladflagman4)[e]發(fā)音字母:eaeaea:headbreadsweaterbreakfastheavypleasuree:elephantrememberselllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyesa:manyany5)[?:]發(fā)音字母:irurearerorir:girlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbirdur:turnburnmurdernurseturtlepurpleThursdayer:learnearlyearthhearder:termheror:workworkerwordworld6)[?]發(fā)音字母:eroroaeurureer:teacherunderrememberplayerfathermotherfarmerafteror:doctoractorforgeto:togethertomorrowtodaylessonwelepolicemana:aroundaboutagoelephantawaybananaChinae:studentchildrenopendifferentur/ure:Saturdaypicture7)[ɑ:]發(fā)音字母:araar:carfarmcardarmgardenaska:fastclasslastglassaunt8)[?]發(fā)音字母:uoouoou:upsupperlunchfunrunhuntcupbuso:emotherdosebrotherloveaboveou:troubleoo:bloodflood9)[?:]發(fā)音字母:alarauorourooral:allsmallwalltalktallballcallwalkar:warmquarterau:daughterautumnor:shorthorseforfortysportdoorfloorstoreour:fouryouroor:doorfloor10)[?]([?])發(fā)音字母:oao:orangehotlostlotfoxboxhoplotnota:wantwhatwashwatch11)[u:]發(fā)音字母:ooouoo:toozoofoodschoolroomgoosetootho:whodotwotoshoewhoseu:truetruthbluefullruler12)[?]發(fā)音字母:ooouuooo:lookgoodfootbookwoodou:shouldcouldwouldu:putfullpullpusho:womanwolf【單元音練習(xí)】一、將下列單詞中發(fā)[i]這個(gè)音的字母劃出來pig fishinfifteensixshipbeginbehindjacketbasketballrainythinhappyheavybusycarrysunnymoneylovelystudytwentythirtywindymonkey二、根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出每組中劃線的元音字母發(fā)音不相同的單詞。1.A.sofa B.sit C.kick D.lip2.A.ink B.gift C.jam D.ship3.A.hand B.picture C.big D.sister4.A.hot B.pick C.pig D.bill三、根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，找出每組中不發(fā)[e]的單詞。1.A.cat B.well C.leg D.pen2.A.sweater B.map C.pet D.elephant3.A.egg B.ten C.tall D.desk4.A.bread B.head C.bed D.toy四、找出下列沒有相同發(fā)音的詞。1.A.he B.feet C.bread D.green2.A.pig B.is C.dog D.ship3.A.thirty B.bird C.her D.food4.A.she B.big C.in D.money5.A.sweets B.fish C.teacher D.we6.A.tiger B.first C.work D.shirt7.A.tree B.bean C.clean D.chin8.A.happy B.sea C.sit D.picture雙元音13)[e?]發(fā)音字母:aayaieyeaa:namecakelategateplaneAprilay:playsaymaywaydayawayai:rainpainteighteighteeneightyey:theygreyea:greatbreak14)[??]發(fā)音字母:oowoao:homecoldgonophonehostghostow:knowyellowbelowthrowblowshowrowoa:boatcoatgoat15)[a?]發(fā)音字母:iyighi:bikefinefindhininefivericewritelikey:mytryflybyigh:lightnighthigh16)[a?]發(fā)音字母:ouowou:houseoutaboutgroundcountsoundblousearoundmouseow:flowerdownnowcowhowtownbrown17)[??]發(fā)音字母:oyoioy:boytoyoi:toiletoilnoise18)[??]發(fā)音字母:eerearereeer:beerdeerear:earneardearere:here19)[??]([e?])發(fā)音字母:earairereeirear:pearbearair:chairairere:therewhereeir:theirtheirs20)[??]發(fā)音字母:ureure:sure【雙元音練習(xí)】一、選出劃線字母正確讀音（）1、toyA./??/B./e?/C./a?/（）2、hereA./?/B./??/C./??/（）3、stairA./e?/B./?/C./e?/（）4、ourA./?/B./??/C./a?/（）5、rideA./?/B./a?/C./α:/（）6、horseA./α?/B./ai/C./?:/（）7、coldA./?/B./??/C./?/二、寫出下列單詞中元音字母或元音字母組的含相同元音音標(biāo)例1.trainsnake/e?/2.playgamecake_______3.flybikeride_______4.smalltallhorse_______5.rabbithavebag_______6.boytoyenjoy______7.cowtownhow______8.homegono______9.hereearnear______10.pearstairair_____三、找出劃線部分發(fā)音不同的選項(xiàng),并寫出音標(biāo)eg.（C）/?/1、A.coldB.oldC.sorry（）_______2、A.playB.gameC.taxi（）_______3、A.townB.toyC.our（）_______4、A.thisB.rideC.white（）_______5、A.smallB.appleC.walk（）_______6、A.hereB.girlC.skirt（）_______7、A.haveB.bananaC.taxi（）_______8、A.nearB.pearC.stair二、輔音[p]:peapeachpigpinkpurplemap[t]:twotootoboattentwelve[k](k、c、ck):ecapcatbikecakeblackduck[f]:fishfrogfootfacefarm[θ]:threemouth[s]:snakesingface[?]:shipsheepshopshe[h]:henhousehorsehandhair[ts]:skirtsstudentsshirts[t∫]:ChineseChinapeachbeachchicken[tr]:treetraintrousers[b]:beebigbyeblackbedbearbookbanana[d]:beddaddoneedduckhead[g]:bagpigdogegggirl[v]:vestveryliveleave[e]:with[z]:zoozebra[?]:measurepleasure[d?]:orangejuice[dz]:wordshandsheadsfriends[dr]:drinkdressdrive[r]:rabbitredrice[m]:monkeymilksomeegame[n]:nosesonsunrunchickenpen[?]:kingsingEnglish[j]:yesyellowyou[w]:waterwatermelonwhite[l]:lionlemonblueleglamp【輔音練習(xí)】找出每組單詞中劃線部分發(fā)音不同的詞。（）1.A.yesB.yellowC.youD.my（）2.A.girlB.goodC.orangeD.dog（）3.A.whatB.whoC.whereD.when（）4.A.cupB.cityC.classD.cat（）5.A.thisB.thatC.threeD.those（）6.A.thankB.nineC.nameD.nice（）7.A.schoolB.chairC.cheapD.watch（）8.A.uncleB.thinkC.EnglishD.thin（）9.A.flyB.babyC.buyD.why（）10.A.sixB.sitC.sunD.is二、寫出劃線部分的字母。1..[θ??k]______2.[e?uz]______3.[bedz]______4.[sits]______5.[tri:]_______6.[t∫ε?]______7.['orindз]_______8.[ka:]_______三、寫出劃線部分的音標(biāo)。1.cheap2.she3.these4.age5.bag[][][][][]class7.you8.why[][][]四、找出相互對(duì)應(yīng)的單詞和音標(biāo)。()1.onA.[∫i:]()6.GameF.[m?p]()2.deskB.[?n]()7.butG.[geim]()3.sheC.[desk]()8.bikeH.[b?t]()4.hugeD.[tri:]()9.thoseI.[baik]()5.treeE.[hju:dз]()10.mapJ.[e?uz]出門測(cè)從下列四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出所給單詞的正確讀音。( )1.set A、[set] B、[sit] C、[s?t] D、[s?t]( )2.court A、[kut] B、[k?ut] C、[k?:t] D、[sit]( )3.better A、[?betз:] B、[?b?t?] C、[be?ta:] D、[?bet?]( )4.duck A、[dΛk] B、[d?k] C、[duk] D、[du:k]( )5.tank A、[s??k] B、[ti?k] C、[te?k] D、[t??k]( )6.mouse A、[maus] B、[m?us] C、[mus] D、[mΛs]( )7.cry A、[srai] B、[krai] C、[kri] D、[krei]( )8.where A、[wi?] B、[wi:] C、[he?] D、[we?]( )9.deep A、[di:p] B、[dip] C、[dep] D、[d?p]( )10.echo A、[??k?u] B、[?ek?] C、[?ek?u] D、[??k?u]找出下列劃線部分發(fā)音不同的單詞( )1.A.cake B.take C.nap D.wave( eaed B.eat C.tea D.seat( ever B.leg C.red D.he( ood B.too C.book D.neighborhood( ather B.crab C.shark D.car( oda B.hot C.box D.not( ike B.five C.my D.his( )8.A.order B.doctor C.boring D.corner( )at B.water C.walk D.talk( o B.no C.to D.nose( ay B.play C.they D.Sunday( ot B.not C.to D.follow( )13.A.each B.idea C.theatre D.dear( ower B.follow C.how D.brown( ide B.hi C.toilet D.bike( ou B.house C.blouse D.trousers( udy B.puzzle C.bus D.busy( ind B.diningroomC.behindD.pumpkin( eet B.coffee C.meet D.see( is B.find C.white D.kite根據(jù)音標(biāo)，選擇正確的單詞。applefeetbearkeepheadwhitedeskelephantlampmouse/be?//wait//??pl//ki:p//hed//?elif?nt//maus//fi:t//desk//l?mp/