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漢譯英基本句型參考答案及講解一.重點(diǎn)詞組1.(psychologyisn’tsointerestingtohimashistory)考查知識(shí):“as…as…”“同…一樣…”。注意第一個(gè)as是副詞,后面接的是形容詞,或副詞,后面一個(gè)as是介詞,后面接的是名詞或代詞。2.(haveMikeopenit)考查知識(shí):“havesb.dosth”“讓某人做某事”3.(consistslargelyinthestyleofitsancientbuildings)考查知識(shí):consistin在于,存在于4.(boysonlyaccountfor/constituteonefourthofallthestudents)考查知識(shí):accountfor,constitute都可以表示“占據(jù),占”5.(Itneveroccurredtomethathewouldfailintheexam)考查知識(shí):occurto“被想到,被想起”6.(agoodideasuddenlycametohim)考查知識(shí):cometo突然想到7.(comesupwithsomenovelideas)考查知識(shí):comeupwith想出(計(jì)劃,答復(fù)等),提出8.(shecan’tputupwith/tolerate/stand/bearthisloudnoiseanylonger)考查知識(shí):putupwith/tolerate/stand/bear都可以表示“忍受”9.(otherthanKate)考查知識(shí):otherthan除…以外10.(ratherthanheshouldhelpus)考查知識(shí):ratherthan而不是11.(Nowthatwehavefinishedthecourse)考查知識(shí):nowthat=since既然,由于12.(Believeitornot)考查知識(shí):Believeitornot是個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ),“信不信由你”13.(contributedtotherapidgrowthofcities)考查知識(shí):contributeto對(duì)…做出貢獻(xiàn),促進(jìn),推動(dòng)14.(Despite/inspiteoftheseemingunity)考查知識(shí):despite是個(gè)介詞,后面要接名詞,代詞或動(dòng)名詞?!氨M管,雖然”15.(hasblamedimmigrantsforrisingunemployment;hasattributedtherisingunemploymenttoimmigrants)考查知識(shí):blamesb.forsth.因?yàn)椤肛?zé),怪罪某人;attribute…to…“把…歸咎于…”,把…歸因于…,認(rèn)為是…的結(jié)果16.(Arandomselectionofmarriedcouples)考查知識(shí):random是個(gè)形容詞,“隨機(jī)的,任意的,不加挑選的”17.(haveappealedforinformationastoherwhereabouts)考查知識(shí):appealfor呼吁,懇求,asto關(guān)于18.(testifiedtoherguilt/testifiedthatshewasguilty)考查知識(shí):testify(to)證明19.(isduetomake/deliveranimportantspeechthisevening)考查知識(shí):beduetodo即將做某事deliveraspeech發(fā)表演講20.(Astotheproblemsleftoverfromthepast)考查知識(shí):asto/for關(guān)于,至于21.(fell/gotintothehabitofbeingpunctual)考查知識(shí):fall/getintothe(a)habitofdoing養(yǎng)成做某事的習(xí)慣22.(Themoment/Assoonasshesawhermother)考查知識(shí):themoment=assoonas一…就…23.(Now(that)youareacollegestudent)考查知識(shí):now(that)=since,because既然,由于24.(Itisanythingbuteasy)一個(gè)13億人口的大國(guó)要實(shí)現(xiàn)和平崛起,絕非易事??疾橹R(shí):anythingbut“根本不是”,“絕不是”。例如:Heisanythingbutdiligent.(他一點(diǎn)也不勤奮。)25.(Shedidnothingbuteatandsleepallday)考查知識(shí):“nothingbut”相當(dāng)于“only”,意思是“只是,就是”。注意:nothingbut前面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果是do時(shí),nothingbut后面要接不帶to的不定式,即動(dòng)詞原形;如果不是do的話,to就不能夠省略。例如:Thedoctortoldhimnothingbuttostopsmoking.26.(Heisnothingbutasmallchild)27.(Nowondershewasfired)考查知識(shí):nowonder“難怪,怪不得”28.(donothingbutwatchtelevision)29.(noneotherthantheauthorhimself)考查知識(shí):noneotherthan“正是,僅僅是”30(Wemightaswellwalk)考查知識(shí):might/mayaswell“不妨,還不如”見詞匯P75-16題31.(butwhenitcomestorepairingit)考查知識(shí):whenitcomesto“當(dāng)談到…,當(dāng)涉及到…”,注意該句型中的to是介詞,后面要接名詞,代詞,或動(dòng)名詞。32.(Thereisnodenying)考查知識(shí):Thereisnodenying=Itisimpossibletodeny33.(regrettellingher) 考查知識(shí):regretdoingsth.表示對(duì)于已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事表示后悔。regrettodosth.對(duì)于未做但要做的事表示遺憾。例如:Iregrettohavetodothis,butIhavenochoice.我很遺憾必須這樣去做,我實(shí)在沒(méi)辦法。(未做但要做)34.(Iregrettotellyou)考查知識(shí):固定句型I/weregrettosay/tellyou“很遺憾地告訴你”35.(HefollowedKate’smisleadingadvice)36.(wasplannedwellinadvance)考查知識(shí):inadvance事先,提前37.(resultinaserioustrafficaccident)38.(resultedfromthedriver’scarelessness)考查知識(shí):resultin“導(dǎo)致,造成”,resultfrom“是…的結(jié)果”二.重要句型1.(thatTomchangedhismindsosoon)考查知識(shí):it作形式主語(yǔ)可以替換名詞從句,動(dòng)名詞,不定式2.(whetherhewillcomplywiththeorder)3.(madeitimpossibleforhimtopasstheexam)考查知識(shí):在deem,consider,believe,make,feel,find,think等不完全及物動(dòng)詞之后,要先加it做形式賓語(yǔ),再接賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ):形容詞或名詞,真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的不定式.4.(itanhonorformetodeliverthisspeech)5.(itinterestingtostudyEnglish)6.(itisinterestingtostudyEnglish)考查知識(shí):上述不完全及物動(dòng)詞也可直接以that從句作賓語(yǔ),此時(shí)這類動(dòng)詞就變成完全及物動(dòng)詞.7.(it/itishardtoexplainthemattertoher)8.(Withsomuchhomeworktodo)考查知識(shí):with引導(dǎo)的獨(dú)立主格9.(Withsuchashorttime)10.(Allflightshavingbeencanceled)考查知識(shí):獨(dú)立主格11.(shouldberemovedfromtheirposts,theearlierthebetter)考查知識(shí):“the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)”“越…越…”12.(thatheobjectedtotheproposal)13.(Icannothelpbutadmirehim/cannotbutadmirehim/cannothelpadmiringhim)考查知識(shí):“不得不”的三種表達(dá)方法:cannothelpbutdosth.,cannotbutdosth.,cannothelpdoingsth.14.(Itgoeswithoutsaying)考查知識(shí):itgoeswithoutsaying不用說(shuō)15.(Shehadnosoonerheardthenews/Nosoonerhadsheheardthenews)考查知識(shí):“一…就…”,“剛…就…”可以用nosooner…than…,或scarcely…when….注意:nosooner和scarcely引導(dǎo)的句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)詞完成時(shí)態(tài),than和when之后要用動(dòng)詞一般時(shí)態(tài)。nosooner和scarcely如果放在句首的話,要主謂倒裝。16.(thefactthatshestudiedsohard或herstudyingsohard).考查知識(shí):介詞后面不能直接接從句,必須先加上名詞fact,再把待譯的句子作為同位語(yǔ)從句譯出來(lái)或者把漢語(yǔ)的句子變成英語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。17.(Thereisnoknowing)考查知識(shí):句型Thereis+no+V-ing=ItisimpossibletoV。可以用于該句型的動(dòng)詞常見的有:argue,say,know,stop,predict,tell等18.(Thereasonwhywehavetogrowtrees)考查知識(shí):Thereasonwhy+句子+isthat+句子“…的原因是…”19.(ThatisthereasonwhyIdon’tlikeit)20.(Sincehewenttoseniorhighschool)21.(Dueto/Thanksto/Owingtohisencouragement)考查知識(shí):dueto,owingto,thanksto都是表示“因?yàn)椤?,但要注意含有感激、諷刺等感情色彩時(shí),一般使用thanksto;owingto不能與be動(dòng)詞搭配做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。例如:Hisabsenceisowingtothestorm.(×),但是Hisabsenceisduetothestorm.(√)22.(Richasourcountryis或Thoughourcountryisrich)考查知識(shí):讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。bynomeans=onnoaccount=innoway一點(diǎn)也不三.倍數(shù)/比較1.(LondonhasalargerpopulationthananyothercityintheUnitedKingdom/LondonisthecitywiththelargestpopulationintheUnitedKingdom)2.(continuestodoubleeveryfivemonths)考查知識(shí):double動(dòng)詞,“翻番,增加一倍”3.(onein/outofeverytenAmericansnowownsamobilephone)考查知識(shí):onein/outoften十分之一4.(hadbetter“thinking”skillsthanthosewithout)5.(Itisfourtimesaslargeastheotherone/Itisthreetimeslargerthantheotherone/Itisfourtimesthesizeoftheotherone).考查知識(shí):倍數(shù)詞+the/that/this/those/these+(表示大小,數(shù)量等等的)名詞“是…的幾倍”6.(Heearnstwicetheamountofmyincomeeverymonth)7.(themoreyouwillappreciateherbeauty).8.(justaswecan’tlivewithoutwater)9.(agreatdeal/muchmorehealthythanhewas)考查知識(shí):修飾比較級(jí)常見的詞有:manytimes,abit,even,rather,somewhat,much,alot,ever,alittle,agreatdeal,far等等。10.(thethinnertheairbecomes)11.(oneofthebestbooksthathehaseverwritten)12.(farmoreinterestingthanthisone)13.(asgracefullyashereldersister)四.虛擬語(yǔ)氣1.(Ifhehadcomeyesterday/Hadhecomeyesterday)考查知識(shí):從句中有should,were及過(guò)去完成時(shí)助動(dòng)詞had出現(xiàn)時(shí),均可將它們置于主語(yǔ)前,將if省略。2.(lest/forfearthattheyshouldbepunished)考查知識(shí):lest,forfearthat后面接從句,從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用should+動(dòng)詞原形3.(IfIwereyou)4.(Iwouldhaveseenheroffattherailwaystation)考查知識(shí):3,4題見第18題后面的講解。5.(itsnows(可能性較大)/itshouldsnow(可能性較小))考查知識(shí):incase以防萬(wàn)一6.(Ifthewholeoperationhadnotbeenpreparedbeforehand)7.(shemightbealivenow)8.(hewouldbewelloffnow)考查知識(shí):要注意時(shí)態(tài)不一致的虛擬語(yǔ)氣:if從句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反,用過(guò)去完成時(shí),而主句若與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,則用過(guò)去式助動(dòng)詞表示,此類主句句尾多置表現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間副詞如now,today等。9.(HadIproposedtoyouthatyear/IfIhadproposedtoyouthatyear)10.(asifheweredrunk)考查知識(shí):asif“好象”。如果后面接的是非真實(shí)的“好象”、不太可能發(fā)生的情況,用虛擬語(yǔ)氣;如果是很有可能發(fā)生的事情,就用正常陳述語(yǔ)氣。11.(Butformusic/Withoutmusic)12.(Butforhisadvice)13.(Wereitnotforherpresence)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反14.(Ifithadnotbeenforherpresence)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反考查知識(shí):butfor,ifitwerenotfor/ifithadnotbeenfor,表示與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè),意思是“若非”。15.(Iwouldn’thavegonetoattendherpartyyesterday)16.(Youwouldn’tfeelsohot)17.(Ifwehadn’tmadeadequatepreparations)18.(Ifitrained(常用的形式)/weretorain(可能性較小時(shí)用)/shouldrain(可能性較大時(shí)用)tomorrow)考查知識(shí):表示與現(xiàn)在情況相反的假設(shè),用一般過(guò)去時(shí);與過(guò)去已發(fā)生情況相反的假設(shè),用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài);對(duì)未來(lái)狀況的假設(shè)有三種情況,見18題答案。19.(youcameherealittleearlier)20.(hehadn’ttoldherthenews)考查知識(shí):wouldrather后面如果接的是從句,從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài);若表示與過(guò)去已發(fā)生的事實(shí)相反的愿望,用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。21.(theyshouldtellstoriesinturn)22.(theseatsshouldbebooked/reservedinadvance)考查知識(shí):在表示建議,命令,決定等動(dòng)詞之后的賓語(yǔ)從句中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用原型,或should+動(dòng)詞原形。常用的這類動(dòng)詞有:suggest,order,command,insist,require,determine,maintain,urge等等。23.(everystudentshouldhandinareportonsocialinvestigationaftersummervacation)24.(thetroopsshouldwithdrawatonce)考查知識(shí):虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在表示建議,命令,決定等的名詞后的從句中,謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞原形或should+動(dòng)詞原形。常用的這類名詞有:advice,suggestion,necessity,decision,requirement,order等等。25.(somemeasuresshouldbetakenimmediately)26.(heshouldreservetheticketinadvance)考查知識(shí):在一些表示重要性,必要性,合適的,恰當(dāng)?shù)牡刃稳菰~之后的從句中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用原形或should+動(dòng)詞原形。常見的這類形容詞有:important,necessary,imperative,compulsory,proper,ridiculous,preferable,insistent,advisable,anxious等等。27.(wewenthome)考查知識(shí):Itis(high,about)time…句型要求用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí),或者用should+動(dòng)詞原形(不常用)。28.(Butforyourstrongsupport)29.(couldn’thavepassedtheentranceexamination)30.(wouldratheryoudidn’tdo)31.(tookproperstepstosolvethetrafficproblems)32.(whatwouldtheythink)五.不定式1.(protestedagainstplanstobuildanuclearplanthere/plansforanuclearplanthere)考查知識(shí):不定式做定語(yǔ)2.(importantforyoutochooseagoodfriend)3.(foolishofhimtomakesuchamistake)考查知識(shí):“Itis+形容詞+for/of+名詞/代詞+不定式”該句型中的形容詞若是表示人物特征,特性,整句謂語(yǔ)描述對(duì)象是人,那么要用of,這類形容詞常見的有:brave,careless,thoughtful,considerate,bold,foolish,polite,wrong等等;若該句型中的形容詞描述的是某一件事情,那么要用for,這類形容詞常見的有:important,necessary,impossible,difficult等等。見詞匯14-27ppt264.(toworkhard)=it’sknownthatheworkshard.5.(tohavetakenplacesometimeyesterday)=Itisreportedthatthecaraccidenttookplacesometimeyesterday.考查知識(shí):不定式的動(dòng)作如果和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生,不定式用一般時(shí)態(tài);如果不定式的動(dòng)作先于主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生,那么不定式要用完成時(shí)態(tài)。6.(tohavegrownuptobeanotedscientist)7.(hasmuchtodowithone’s/hiseffort)考查知識(shí):havemuch/alot/alittle/little/…todowith和…有很大/一點(diǎn)/沒(méi)有…關(guān)系8.(themansneakintoherhouse)考查知識(shí):感官動(dòng)詞,如notice,see,watch,hear等,后面可以接動(dòng)詞原形也可以接動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞形式。如果強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的整個(gè)過(guò)程,后面接動(dòng)詞原形;如果強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,就用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。9.(onlytofailintheexam)“onlyto”竟然(表示與預(yù)料相反的結(jié)果)10.(Tomakemattersworse)做獨(dú)立副詞短語(yǔ),修飾主句11.(astohelptheoldmancarrytheheavybox)考查知識(shí):soasto以致12.(letalone/nottomention/nottospeakofFrench)考查知識(shí):letalone,nottomention,nottospeakof“更不用說(shuō),更不要提”。前面較易的事不能做到,后面更難的事更不可能做到了。13.(Tobalanceworkandschool)考查知識(shí):不定式做目的狀語(yǔ)14.(HewouldratherwatchTVathome)考查知識(shí):在wouldrather,cannothelpbut,hadbetter,wouldsooner,cannotbut等結(jié)構(gòu)后要接不帶to的不定式。六.分詞1.(finishingat10o’clock)分詞做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)考查知識(shí):分詞做狀語(yǔ),要滿足兩個(gè)基本條件:分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ),必須和主句的邏輯主語(yǔ)是同一個(gè);分詞表示的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作必須是同時(shí)發(fā)生或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。分詞在句中可以做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),原因狀語(yǔ),結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),讓步狀語(yǔ),伴隨狀況等。2.(fishcookedinthisway=fishthatiscookedinthisway)考查知識(shí):分詞還可以做定語(yǔ)。分詞做定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句的省略形式,現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作是先行詞主動(dòng)發(fā)出的,過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作是先行詞被動(dòng)承受的。3.(Not(being)fondoflearning)4.(NeverhavingbeentoAmerica)考查知識(shí):分詞的否定形式是在分詞前加not,never等否定詞。5.(Drivingalongthiswindingstreet)6.(Thegirlhavingfailedintheexam)考查知識(shí):分詞狀語(yǔ)要滿足兩個(gè)條件。如果分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)不一致的話,就必須把分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)寫在其前面,這就構(gòu)成了獨(dú)立主格。獨(dú)立主格也可以做各種狀語(yǔ)。另外,with等介詞也可以引導(dǎo)獨(dú)立主格。7.(withaletterinhishand/withonehandholdingaletter/withaletterheldinonehand)考查知識(shí):“with”引導(dǎo)表示情形或狀況的介詞短語(yǔ)或分詞短語(yǔ),常見句型有兩種:with+賓語(yǔ)+介詞+賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ))with+賓語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞/過(guò)去分詞(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ))8.(withhervoiceshakingwithdelight)考查知識(shí):獨(dú)立主格9.(becauseshelefttheofficewiththedoorunlocked)考查知識(shí):獨(dú)立主格10.(leavingtheprojectunfinished)考查知識(shí):分詞做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)11.(permittingustoseeaswellastohearallkindsofprograms)考查知識(shí):分詞做原因狀語(yǔ)12.(Herchildrenhavingleft)考查知識(shí):獨(dú)立主格13.(Asto/forthemoneyneeded)考查知識(shí):過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)14.(Protectedbythatpileofstraw)考查知識(shí):分詞做原因狀語(yǔ)15.(Yieldingtothetemptationofmoney)考查知識(shí):分詞做原因狀語(yǔ)16.(Caughtinasuddendownpour/thunderstorm)考查知識(shí):分詞做原因狀語(yǔ)17.(tryingtomakeasmuchmoneyasIcould/asmuchaspossible)考查知識(shí):分詞做原因狀語(yǔ)七.動(dòng)名詞1.(shedislikeshercolleagues’/colleaguessmokingintheoffice)動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)2.(yourclasswinningthebasketballmatch)3.(herassociatingwiththatboy)4.(Havingstudiedcomputer)動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)5.(hisdevotinghimselftothecauseofeducation)動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)6.(everyone/everyone’spassingtheexam)(動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ))考查知識(shí):動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)如果和句子的主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí),必須要寫出其邏輯主語(yǔ)。7.(withoutsayinggoodbyetous)動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)8.(Aftergraduatingfromthecollege)考查知識(shí):動(dòng)名詞本身不能作狀語(yǔ),但放在介詞后,又可以起狀語(yǔ)作用,表示原因,時(shí)間,讓步,方式,目的等。八.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法區(qū)別1.(Playingfootball)2.(Tobecomeagreatscientist)考查知識(shí):動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ),通常用以表示一件已知的事或經(jīng)驗(yàn);不定式作主語(yǔ),通常用以表示一件未完成的事情或目的?!疤咦闱蛴腥ぁ边@是件大家都明白的事,所以要用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ);而“成為一名科學(xué)家”現(xiàn)在這個(gè)夢(mèng)想還未實(shí)現(xiàn),所以要用不定式作主語(yǔ)。3.(singingasong)4.(topasstheexam)考查知識(shí):一句話中,若包含有兩個(gè)動(dòng)作,但無(wú)連接詞:兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,其中一個(gè)動(dòng)詞變成分詞;不同時(shí)發(fā)生,其中一個(gè)變成不定式。“離開”與“唱歌”這兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,要把后一個(gè)動(dòng)詞變成分詞形式;“努力學(xué)習(xí)”之后才能“通過(guò)考試”,這兩個(gè)動(dòng)作不是同時(shí)發(fā)生的,故后一個(gè)動(dòng)詞要用不定式。5.(tolearnofthefailureintheexam)6.(Learningofthefailureintheexam)考查知識(shí):不定式作原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí),一般放在句尾。而分詞作原因狀語(yǔ),一般放在句首。7.(Iwillhaveitrepaired)8.(Iwillhaveitworkingsomehow)考查知識(shí):現(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作主動(dòng)發(fā)生或正在進(jìn)行中,過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)承受或動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。9.(onlytodropitonhisownfeet)10.(claimingthousandsofpeople’slives)考查知識(shí):onlyto引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),后面接預(yù)料之外的結(jié)果;分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)后面接的是在預(yù)料之中的結(jié)果。11.(Heisalwaysthefirststudenttoenterandthelastonetoleavetheclassroom)考查知識(shí):被修飾的名詞前有序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)或next,second,last,only和nota,the等限定詞時(shí)候,只能用不定式九.時(shí)態(tài)1.(Youshouldn’thavebeenfollowinghimsoclosely)2.(wouldbebeneficialtobothsides)考查知識(shí):過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)3.(haddeeplyimpressedcriticsandviewers)考查知識(shí):過(guò)去完成時(shí)4.(drovethrougharedlightandcollidedwithabus)考查知識(shí):過(guò)去時(shí)5.(hehasworkedinthiscity)考查知識(shí):現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。since引導(dǎo)的從句一般要用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,主句用完成時(shí)態(tài)。6.(Ididn’tthinkhewastocomebackuntiltomorrow)考查知識(shí):過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)7.(ithasbecomeundrinkablebynow)考查知識(shí):現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)8.(willhavefoundasatisfactorysolutiontotheproblem)考查知識(shí):將來(lái)完成時(shí)9.(televisionwillreplacethenewspapercompletely)考查知識(shí):一般將來(lái)時(shí)10.(havebeentryingtokeepupwiththelatesttrends)考查知識(shí):現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)11.(Ihaven’tfinishedreadingthebookyet)考查知識(shí):現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)12.(thatIhaveheardhersing)考查知識(shí):“It(This)is(willbe)thefirst(second,last)timethat…”結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句要求用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)13.(Ihaveeverseen)考查知識(shí):“It(This)is(willbe)thebest(worst,mostinteresting)+名詞+that…”結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句要求用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。十.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1.(Hemight/couldhaveboughtthecar)考查知識(shí):用“might/could+不定式完成時(shí)”表示本來(lái)可能發(fā)生卻沒(méi)有發(fā)生,或者本來(lái)可能完成卻沒(méi)有完成的動(dòng)作。2.(Imighthavefinishedthereportlastweek)3.(cannot/couldnothavereceivedmyletter)4.(Hemustbestillstudyinginthelibrary)考查知識(shí):情態(tài)動(dòng)詞對(duì)于目前狀況的猜測(cè),用一般時(shí)態(tài);對(duì)曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)的動(dòng)作的猜測(cè),用完成時(shí)態(tài)。5.(soIneedn’thavebroughtanumbrellawithme)考查知識(shí):“needn’thavedonesth”表示“本不必要干…”這樣一種情態(tài)意義,也就是說(shuō),做了不必要做的事情,并表示過(guò)去時(shí)間。6.(heshouldn’t/oughtn’ttohavegonetothecinemalastnight)“should/oughttohavedonesth”表示應(yīng)該做的事沒(méi)有做到,即“本應(yīng)該…”;其否定形式表示“本不應(yīng)該…”7.(Iwouldhavetoldyouthetruth)8.(shouldhavebeenmorecareful)十一.名詞從句1.(Whetheritistrueorfalse)“whether”引導(dǎo)名詞從句,可以作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),be動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ)。2.(Whatshewantedtotellyou)考查知識(shí):主語(yǔ)從句3.(Thathewaschosen)考查知識(shí):主語(yǔ)從句4.(Thathesurvivedtheaccident)考查知識(shí):主語(yǔ)從句5.(whethershewillcomeornottoday)考查知識(shí):賓語(yǔ)從句6.(whetherwecangetaticket)考查知識(shí):表語(yǔ)從句7.(Whateverisworthdoing)考查知識(shí):引導(dǎo)名詞從句的關(guān)系代詞有who,whom,whose,what,which,whatever,whichever,whoever。它們?cè)诰渲屑绕疬B接作用,同時(shí)又擔(dān)當(dāng)主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),定語(yǔ),表語(yǔ)等成分。8.(howwecanfinishthetaskontime)考查知識(shí):關(guān)系副詞when,where,how,why引導(dǎo)的從句在句中可以用作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。十二.定語(yǔ)從句1.(whichsurprisedusmost)2.(leadsthemtoexpectthingsthatneverhappen)3.(whichresultedinhisrunningawayfromhome)考查知識(shí):which可以引導(dǎo)從句修飾前面的整個(gè)主句,代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。4.(heisonewhodoesn’tfearanything)5.(Youmaytakewhicheveryoulike)“whichever”是復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞,相當(dāng)于anythingwhich.6.(whichwillenablehimtocontinuehiseducationabroad)7.(bymeansofwhichpeoplecommunicatewitheachother)8.(Asapoetpointsout)考查知識(shí):在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,as作為關(guān)系代詞代替整個(gè)句子。As引導(dǎo)的從句位置較靈活,可以位于主句前面、中間或后面。9.(onwhichshespent2,000dollars)考查知識(shí):定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的固定搭配介詞,不能省略。該介詞可以放在關(guān)系代詞前,也可以放在句尾。十三.狀語(yǔ)從句1.(unlesstheirdemandsaremetbynoontoday)考查知識(shí):條件狀語(yǔ)2.(sopollutedthatfishcannolongerlivein)考查知識(shí):結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)3.(sothat/soeverybodycouldhearhim)考查知識(shí):結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)4.(sothateverybodymighthearhim)考查知識(shí):目的狀語(yǔ)5.(Thoughheisagoodstudent/Goodstudentasheis)考查知識(shí):讓步狀語(yǔ)6.(Aslongasyoudon’tbetrayme)考查知識(shí):條件狀語(yǔ)7.(Howeverhardyoutry)考查知識(shí):讓步狀語(yǔ)?!癶owever”在此作副詞連接詞,相當(dāng)于nomatterhow。類似的還有,whatever=nomatterwhat等等。8.(So/aslongaswecanmakeuseofitproperly)考查知識(shí):條件狀語(yǔ)從句9.(evenif/thoughtheyknowitisharmfultoboththeirmentalandphysicalhealth)考查知識(shí):讓步狀語(yǔ)從句10.(Althoughitmaybringsomeunfavorableconsequences)考查知識(shí):讓步狀語(yǔ)從句11.(Howeverdifficultthetaskis/Nomatterhowdifficultthetaskis)考查知識(shí):讓步狀語(yǔ)從句12.(Unlessyoureturnthedictionarytothelibraryimmediately)13.(Sopreciousistime)14.(Rich
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