2021年湖南省永州市中考英語試卷

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁第=page22頁，共=sectionpages22頁2021年湖南省永州市中考英語試卷一、完形填空（本大題共10小題，共10.0分）MywholelifehaschangedbecauseofCOVID-19.It'sveryupsettingbecausewecan't（1）______anyoneelseandwecan'tgotoothers'homes.Wehavebeenathome,butI（2）______thehealthcareworkerswhohaveriskedtheirliveseverydaytohelpusstayhealthyandsafe.Here,Idescribemyexperienceduringthistime.

Comingbackhomefrommyspringvacation,Igotnewsthatschoolisclosedfortwoweeks.

Beingakid,Igot（3）______butIdidn'tknowwhatwaswaitingforus.IneverthoughtIwouldbedoingmyclassesonlinemonthslater.

Rightafterthe"stayathome"order,mymothertestedpositiveforCOVID-19andourfamilywasquarantined（隔離）for14days.Itwasreallychallengingforallofus,especiallyformy（4）______，whogotsick.Thoseweretheworsttwoweeksinmylife.

Watchingmymother（5）______fever,cough,andshortnessofbreathwasheartbreaking,Ihadtearsinmyeyes,butIdidn'ttellmyparentsaboutit.Iwasthankfulthatmyfatherisa（6）______whoknowshowtotreatCOVID-19patients.Afterthreeweeks,mymothergotbetter.

Myfatherisatruehero.Notonlyhewastakingcareofus,butalsohehasbeentreatingpatientswithCOVID-19everydayand（7）______thecommunityselflessly.Iamproudofhim.

This（8）______hastaughtmetobethankfulforthingswehaveinlife.Myfatherhas（9）______

metobeselfless,helpful,andbrave.ItisOKtobeanxious,butrememberthatthereis（10）______attheendofthechannel（隧道）andlifewillgetnormalagain.

A.e-mail B.call C.meet

A.admire B.like C.miss

A.surprised B.excited C.worried

A.sister B.father C.mother

A.continue B.stand C.accept

A.doctor B.worker C.teacher

A.controlling B.serving C.cleaning

A.accident B.journey C.experience

A.asked B.told C.taught

A.light B.sign C.wind二、閱讀理解（本大題共20小題，共40.0分）AChina'sunbelievablehigh-speedrailnetwork

Atthebeginningofthe21stcenturyChinahadnohigh-speedrailways.Slow,crowdedandoftenuncomfortabletrainsranacrossthisvastcountry,withlowaveragespeedsmakingjourneyssuchasShanghai-Beijingatestoftravel.

Today,it'sacompletelydifferentpicture.With37，900kilometersoflines,linkingallofitsmajorbigcities.Chinahastheworld'slargestworkofhigh-speedrailways.Halfofthattotalhasbeencompletedinthelastfiveyearsalone,withafurther3，700kilometersduetoopeninthecomingmonthsof2021.Thenetworkisexpectedtodoubleinlengthagain,to70，000kilometers,by2035.HowwerethetrainsinChinaatthebeginningofthe21stcentury？______A.Fast. B.Comfortable. C.CrowdedHowmanykilometersoflinesareduetoopeninthecomingmonthsof2021？______A.3，700. B.37，900. C.70，000.B41.0%ofkidsaged______usetheInternet.A.5-9 B.10-13 C.14-17Whatpercentageofkidsgetsnewsorinformationonline？______A.89%. B.76%. C.38%.Whatdo43%ofkidsusuallydoontheInternet？______A.Playgames.

B.Buybooks.

C.Sendorreceiveinstantmessages.CCanagreenmachinehelptheworld'spoorestkidslearnbetter？NicholasNegropontethinksso.Heandhisteamofscientistshaveinventedanewtypeofcomputer.Asaresult,manychildrenwholiveinpoverty（貧窮）willhavetheirownlaptopcomputers!

Negroponteworksatauniversity.HestartedagroupcalledOneLaptopPerChild（OLPC）.ThepeopleatOLPCdon'tworkformoney.Theyworktohelpchildrenlearn.OLPCmakescomputersthatdon'tcostalot.Thentheysellthemachinestogovernmentsofcountriesthathavemanypeopleliveinpoverty.Thegovernmentsthengivethecomputestokidsforfree.

TheXOLaptopcomputersaremadeforschool-agedchildrenindevelopingnations.Manyofthesechildrenliveinfarawayareasandgotoschoolswithclassrooms.Inordertowork,thelaptopshavetobelastingandstudent-friendly.

Themachineshavemanyfuncharacterslikeabuilt-invideocamera,voicerecording,andgames.TheWiFiletsstudentsshareinformationontheWebandreade-books.Theyalsocanmakemusicandchatwithfriends.

Anothergreatcharacteristhatitcanlastforalongtime.Itcanbehandchargedandalsocanberechargedbyconnectingtoasolarpanel.BecauseofthesecharacterstheXOlaptopsmakelearningfunwhilehelpingtheenvironment.

Thecomputershaveacolorfulname-"thegreenmachine".Negropontethinkstheycouldmakeadifferenceinthelivesofmillionsofkids.Hesays,"Everyproblemyoucanthinkof-poverty,peace,theenvironment-issolvedwitheducation."

OLPCplanstogiveoutovertenmillioncomputersinthenextfewyears.KidsinThailand,Nigeria,Brazil,andArgentinawillgetmostofthem.ChinaandEgyptalsowanttotakepartintheprogram.Afterthat,Negropontehopestosellcomputerstoothercountrieswithhighpoverty.Negropontethinkshislaptopcomputerswillhelptheworld'spoorestkidsto______.A.workathome B.gotoschoolontime

C.learnbetter WhatcanweknowaboutthepeopleatOLPCaccordingtoParagraph2？______A.Theyworkformoney.

B.Theygivecomputerstokidsforfree.

C.Theysellcomputerstogovernmentswithmanypeoplelivinginpoverty.WhydoXOlaptopsmakelearningfunwhilehelpingtheenvironment？______A.Becausetheyarelastingandstudent-friendly.

B.Becausetheyaremadeforschool-agedchildren.

C.Becausetheyhaveacolorfulname.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"charged"meaninChinese？______A.攜帶. B.充電. C.使用.Whowillgetmostofthecomputersinthenextfewyears？______A.KidsinThailand. B.KidsinChina. C.KidsinEgypt.DDogsmighthavethelatesttoolsinthefightagainstcancer（癌癥）：theirnoses!ResearchersatCalifornia'sPineStreetFoundation（PSF）saytheyhavetrainedfivedogstosmellcanceronaprison'sbreath.Thiscouldbeexcitingnews.

Adog'ssenseofsmellmaybe10，000to100，000timesstrongerthanours.Butcandogsreallysmellillness？PSFresearcherMichaelMcCullochsaysyes."Wewereverysurprisedbyhowexacttheywere,"hesaid."Theyweretellingwhohadcancer,andtheywerealsosayingwhodidn't."

McCullochandhisteamaskedfourhealthypeopleandonewithcancertoblowintoplastictubes（塑料管）.Specialmaterialsinthetubeskeptthethingsofeachbreath.Thetubeswerethenplacedoneyardapart.Finallythedogswereallowedtosmellthetubes.Eachdoghadbeentrainedforthreeweekstositwhenitsmelledcancer.Ninety-ninepercentofthetime,thedogsatnexttothetubesblownintobypatientswithlungcancer.Thedogswereright88percentofthetimeaboutbreastcancer.DogsinthePineStreetFoundationtestweretrainedtositwhentheysmelledcancer.Howwelldidtheyperform？Takealookatthischarttofindout.BreathSampleNumberofTimestheDogsSatDownNumberofTimestheDogsKeptStandingBreathfromlungcancerpatients56410Breathfromhealthypersons4720Nolabtestforcancerhasgivenmorecorrectresultsthanthistest.Theresultsaresoamazingthatmanyexpertsquestionthedogs'smellingpower.Theywonderiftherewereotherreasonswhythedogsdidsowell.Forexample,theythoughtthewaythedogtrainersbehavedcouldhaveinfluencedhowthedogsacted.However,mostexpertsagreethatthisstudyisimportant.Theinformationcouldhelpscientistscreateasimplebreathtestforcancerinthefuture.Onceagainhumansmaybegettingahelpingpawornose-fromtheirbestanimalfriends.What'sthelatesttooladogmighthaveinthefightagainstcancer？______A.Tooth. B.Nose. C.Ear.WhathappenedfirstinthePineStreetFoundationtest？______A.Thedogsweretrained.

B.Thetubeswereplacedoneyardapart.

C.Thedogssmelledthetubes.Whatwasadogsupposedtodowhenitsmelledcancer？______A.Smellagain. B.Turnaround. C.Sitdown.Lookatthechart.Howmanytimesdidthedogskeepstandingwhentheysmelledthebreathfromhealthypersons？______A.Lessthan10times. B.Almost600times.

C.About700times. Whydomanyexpertsquestionthedog'ssmellingpower？______A.Becausenolabtestforcancerhasgivenmorecorrectresults.

B.Becausethedogtrainersinfluencedhowthedogsacted.

C.Becausetheydon'tthinkthisstudyisimportant.EWhatdoyoudowithyourrubbish？Throwitout？Youdon'tknowwhatyou'remissing!Lookcloselyatthetwofiguresonyourleft.Theyweremadefromthingsmostpeoplethrowaway.Thefiguresweremadefromusedbottlecaps.Thosetwobottle-capfigureswereexhibited（展示）inamuseum.

Folkartisartmadebycommonpeoplewhohavenotbeentrainedasartists.Theirworkisoftenbasedontraditionsintheirculture.Fineart,ontheotherhand,isusuallymadebypeoplewhohavehadtraininginart.Worksoffineartarevaluedfortheirartisticbeauty.Theyaresupposedtobelookedatbutnotused.Worksoffolkart,however,areoftenmadeforeverydayuse.

Thereweremorethan800piecesoffolkartfromnearly50countriesintheexhibition.Allofthepiecesweremadefromusedmetal,wood,cloth,andplastic.Theartistscomefrommanydifferentcultures.Still,theyallshareonething.Theytakeobjectsthatarenormallythrownawayandchangethemintoobjectsthatarebeautiful,useful,andfun.Theartistsmaynotthinkofwhattheydoasrecycling,butthat'sexactlywhatitis.Fineartistsmightworkwithexpensivematerials.Theymightuseexpensivetoolstoshapethesematerialsintoworksofart.Ontheotherhand,inpoorcountriesrubbishmightbetheonlymaterialfolkartistsandtoymakerscanafford.Theexhibitionshowsthatarichimaginationisveryimportantwhenthereareonlypoormaterials.Recycledartbeganlongbeforepeoplebegantothinkaboutrecycling.Someoftheobjectsintheexhibitiondatefromthe1930s.

Evenifyoudon'tcreateartoutofrubbish,it'sgoodtosaveournaturalresources.Rememberthethreerules：reduce,reuse,recycle.Ifyoureducewaste,truethingsinsteadofthrowingthemout,andrecyclematerialssuchaspaper,plastic,andglass,youwillprotecttheenvironment.Whichideabelongsintheemptybox？______Conclusion（結論）DetailsArtbasedonculturaltraditionsArtmadeforeverydayuseArtmadewithusedmaterialsA.Folkartismadebypeoplewhoarenottrainedartists.

B.Theartistscomefrommanydifferentcultures.

C.Recycledartbeganlongbeforepeoplestartedrecycling.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3？______A.Therewasmorethan800piecesoffineart.

B.Folkartistscan'tshapeexpensivematerialsintoworksofart.

C.Poormaterialsalsocanbemadeintoworksofart.Whatisthesamethingofthepiecesintheexhibitionshare？______A.Theyareallwoksoffineart.

B.Theyareallmadefromusedmaterials.

C.Theyareallmadebythetrainedartists.Whatcanwedotoprotectourenvironment？______A.Throwawayusedmaterials. B.Onlyuseexpensivematerials.

C.Recyclematerials. Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？______A.UsedBottleCaps B.TheArtofRecycling

C.AMuseumExhibition 三、任務型閱讀-簡答（本大題共2小題，共18.0分）Riceisoneofthemostcommonlyeatenbasicfoodsaroundtheworld.Buyingitandcookingitisadailymatter.Yetformany,itspresencehasbeenamatteroflifeanddeath.Itisamainfoodbecauseitiseasytogrow,besideslowcostandconvenience.Apoorcommunityinthedevelopingworldmayfinditdifficulttobringinforeignfruitsorraisecattleformeat,butitcanalmostcertainlyusethelandithasinordertogrowplentyofrice.

ThiswasthegreatachievementofYuanLongping,whopassedawayonMay22thisyear.AgreatChinesescientist,Yuansuccessfullydevelopedwhatisknownas"hybridrice"whichcanproduceupa30%higheroutput.YuanLongpingwasbornintheyear1930，atimewhenChinawasverydifferent.Itwasanation,withoutmodernindustry,dependingonthericewhichtheygrew.Thefirstfewdecades（十年）ofhislifeweremetwithmajorsocialevents,andarapidlygrowingpopulationthatmadefoodsupplynotlastallthetime.ThisexperienceleftitsmarkonYuanLongping,whichmadehimfocuson（關注）farmingscienceandworkonhisresearchofhybridrice.

HisachievementwouldseethericesupplyinChinaincreasingfrom56.9milliontonsin1950to194.7milliontonsby2017.By1991，20%oftheworld'sriceoutputcamefromhybridrice,evenifonlybeingplantedin10%offields.

Alwaysremember,humandevelopmentbeginsfirstwiththemostbasicandsamplethings,suchasdevelopingrice.WeshouldbethankfulforscientificthinkerslikeYuan.Whyisriceamainfoodaroundtheworld？______WhatdidYuandevelopsuccessfully？______WhenwasYuanLongpingborn？______WhatmadeYuanfocusonfarmingscience？______HowmanytonswasthericesupplyinChinaby2017？______閱讀下面的短文，然后將劃線部分的句子譯成漢語或英語，并將答案填寫在答題卡上對應題號的橫線上。

TheroleofthedisabledinsocietyThe2022ParalympicWinterGameswillbeheldinBeijingandZhangjiakouinnorthChina'sHebeiprovince.

HostingtheParalympicGameswillhelpdrawattentiontotheneedforcountriestodomoretomakesureequalchancesforallpeopleinsociety.（1）Itisnecessarytorealizethegreatachievementswhicharemadebydisabledpeople.

（2）殘疾人在中國的生活已經改善了很多，andmoreachievementsareexpectedtobeseenasthecountryhasbeenspeedinguptorealizethegoalofachieving"equality,participationandsharing,"asexpressedinthe2019WhitePaperonChina's70yearsofprogressindealingwiththeneedsofthedisabled.

（3）TheChinesegovernmentistryingtosolvetheneedsofthedisabledandprovidethemwithnewchances.Forexample,buildings,holds,publictransportandotherpublicplacesarebecomingmorewheelchairfriendly.

Modernmediaalsoplayanimportantroleineducatingthepublicabouttheneedsofthedisabledandalsochangingsociety'simageofthem,sothereisgreaterfocusontheirspecialabilitiesratherthanontheirabilities.

Infact,thesociety'smostdisabledpeopleprovideallofuswithimportantlessons.Theyshowusconfidence,creativityandpositivity.Theloserwillfail99timesandthengiveup.（4）要成功，你必須有耐心，永不放棄。Youmustalwayslearnfromyourfailures,andmoveon.

（1）______

（2）______

（3）______

（4）______四、信息匹配（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）5waystotrainyourbrainforbettersleepThedaysarelonger,fullofsunshineandbrightwiththepromiseofenjoyingamorerelaxingspringandsummerwithyourlovedones.Butifyouwanttoenjoyyourdaytime,it'stimetoimproveyoursleepduringthenight-time."Sleepproblemsendangerhealthandquality（質量）oflifeforupto45%oftheworld'spopulation,"accordingtotheWorldSleepSociety.

Sleepisoneofthethreekeystoahealthier,longerlife（theothersaredietandexercise）.（1）______.Herearethetopfivewaystoimproveyoursleepandgetsomezz's：

Createasleepnest

（2）______.Sciencetellsusthatwesleepbetterincoolertemperaturesofabout60to67degreesFahrenheit（15℃to20℃）.

Developaroutine

Setupabedtimeritualbytakingawarmbathorshower,readingabookorlisteningtosoftmusic.You'reteachingyourmindtorelax.Andsticktoit.Gotobedandgetupatthesametimeeachday,evenonweekendsoryourdaysoff.（3）______.

Cutthelights

Productionofthesleephormonemelatonin（荷爾蒙褪黑激素）beginsatdark.Researchhasfoundthatthebodywillsloworstopitwithlighton,togetawayfromanylight,eventhebluelightfromyourchargingsmartphone.

Refusethewine

Don'tturntowinetomakeyoucalmorhelpyousleep.（4）______.Yourbodyneedstoexperienceallthreestepsofsleep—lightsleep,dream,anddeepsleep—tofullyrepairitself.

（5）______.

Heavyandspicyfoodsmaygiveyouheartburnorotherdigestiveproblems,thusinfluencingyourabilitytogetandstayasleep.

Ifyoutrythesetipsandcan'tseemtorelax,oryoursleepcontinuestoworsen,besuretoreachouttoyourdoctororamentalhealthprofessional.

A.Thebodylikeroutine

B.Avoidheavyorhotfoods

C.Refusecoffeelaterintheday

D.Oneofthefirsttasksistosetupyoursleepenvironment

E.Winemayhelpyoufallasleep,butitholdsyouinthelightersleep

F.Manyofthewaystoincreasethequalityofyoursleepareeasytofollow

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F五、單句語法填空（本大題共10小題，共10.0分）Nowadays,bettermedicalcareandcleanerwaterhelppeoplelive______（long）.AttheveryheartofBeijing,thePalaceMuseumisChina'slargestofalltheancient______（building）.Peoplearoundtheworldareworkingon______（reduce）thecausesofglobalwarming.Hewhohasnotclimbed______GreatWallisnotatrueman.TheofficiallanguageofChinaisPutonghua,______theforeignersusuallycallitMandarin.Mid-AutumnFestivalisaspecialtimeforfamiliesanditis______onthe15thdayoftheeighthlunarmonth.ChairmanMaoonce______（say）thatwomencouldholduphalfthesky.China______（have）threemaintypesofteas：greentea,blackteaandwulong（atea,halfwaybetweenblackandgreentea）.MattewChimudziwantstostudyChinesesothathecanhaveagood______（communicate）withpeopleinChinaoneday.Whenitcomestomybirthdays,Iwouldliketoinvitemyfriends______（watch）amovie.六、書面表達（本大題共1小題，共12.0分）每個人心中都有一個閃亮的名字，如張桂梅、鐘南山、你的媽媽×××……假如你是李華，請給你的英國筆友Linda寫一封電子郵件，介紹你心目中的一位英雄。

注意：

1）信中必須包含英雄的基本信息和主要事跡；

2）信中不得出現自己的校名和姓名；

3）80詞左右（首段己給出，不計入總詞數）。

DearLinda,

Howareyougettingon？I'mwritingthisemailtoshareastorywithyou.

_______________________

答案和解析1.【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】A【小題3】A【小題4】C【小題5】A【小題6】A【小題7】B【小題8】C【小題9】C【小題10】A

【解析】（1）C

動詞辨析。A發(fā)郵件，B打電話，C碰面，根據后面we

can't

go

to

others'

homes不能去別人的家，及常識，可知也不能與別人見面，故答案是C。

（2）A

動詞辨析。A欽佩，B喜歡，C想念，根據上文不能去別人的家，也不能與別人見面，這里應該是我們一直在家，但我欽佩那些每天冒著生命危險幫助我們保持健康和安全的醫(yī)護人員。故答案是A。

（3）A

形容詞辨析。A驚訝的，B興奮的，C擔心的，根據上句Coming

back

home

from

my

spring

vacation,I

got

news

that

school

is

closed

for

two

weeks.從我的春假回家，我得到消息說學校停課兩周。應該是作為個孩子，很驚訝，故答案是A。

（4）C

名詞辨析。A姐妹，B父親，C媽媽，根據下文Watching

my

mother

（5）fever,cough,可知是媽媽病了，故答案是C。

（5）A

動詞辨析。A繼續(xù)，B站，C接受，根據Watching

my

mother

（5）fever,cough,and

shortness

of

breath

was

heartbreaking,應該是媽媽高燒不退（持續(xù)）...，故答案是A。

（6）A

名詞辨析。A醫(yī)生，B工人，C老師，根據后面who

knows

how

to

treat

COVID-19

patients知道如何治療COVID-19

病人，可知是醫(yī)生，故答案是A。

（7）B

動詞辨析。A控制，B服務，C打掃，根據Not

only

he

was

taking

care

of

us,but

also

he

has

been

treating

patients

with

COVID-19

every

day

and

（7）the

community

selflessly.應該是他不僅照顧我們，而且每天都在治療COVID-19患者，無私地為社區(qū)服務，故答案是B。

（8）C

名詞辨析。A事故，B旅行，C經歷，根據上文可知是這段經歷教會我...，故答案是C。

（9）C

動詞辨析。A問，B告訴，C教，根據上文這段經歷教會我...，這里應該是爸爸教會我...，故答案是C。

（10）A

名詞辨析。A光，B標志，C風，根據at

the

end

ofthe

channel

和上文父親的故事，應該是隧道里的光，故答案是A。

文章介紹了作者在疫情封閉期間的一些經歷。

考查完形填空。根據所給的短文對意思有所了解，然后根據短文的大體意思，選擇每個符合題意的答案，使短文更通順。

11.【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】A

【解析】細節(jié)理解題。

（1）C.根據第一段At

the

beginning

of

the

21st

century

China

had

no

high-speed

railways.Slow,crowded

and

often

uncomfortable

trains

ran

across

this

vast

country,with

low

average

speeds

making

journeys

such

as

Shanghai-Beijing

a

test

of

travel.可知在21世紀初，中國還沒有高鐵。在這個幅員遼闊的國家里，火車運行緩慢、擁擠，常常讓人感到不舒服，平均速度較低，使得像上海到北京這樣的旅行成為一種考驗。故選C。

（2）A.根據第二段Half

of

that

total

has

been

completed

in

the

last

five

years

alone,with

a

further

3，700

kilometers

due

to

open

in

the

coming

months

of

2021.可知僅在過去5年里完成了一半，還有3700公里將在2021年的未來幾個月開放。故選A。

本文主要講了中國令人難以置信的高鐵網絡。

通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。

13.【答案】【小題1】A【小題2】B【小題3】B

【解析】（1）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據左表可知，41%對應的是5-9歲的孩子。故選A。

（2）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據右表可知，goonlinetogetnewsorinformation對應的是76%。故選B。

（3）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據右表可知，43%對應的內容是buythings...suchasbooks,clothing...可知，43%的孩子通常在網上買書。故選B。

本文是對不同年齡段的孩子上網所占比的介紹以及孩子們喜歡在網上做的事情的統計表。

做題時首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，細讀題材，各個擊破。掌握全文的大意之后，細細閱讀材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關信息。

16.【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】C【小題3】A【小題4】B【小題5】A

【解析】（1）C.細節(jié)推理題。根據第一段Can

a

green

machine

help

the

world's

poorest

kids

learn

better？Nicholas

Negroponte

thinks

so.一臺綠色的機器會幫助世界的貧困兒童學習得更好嗎？尼古拉斯尼葛洛龐帝是這么認為的，據此推斷他認為他的筆記本電腦會幫助貧困兒童學得更好，故選C。

（2）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段Then

they

sell

the

machines

to

governments

ofcountries

that

have

many

people

live

in

poverty.可知然后他們把這些機器賣給那些有很多人生活在貧困中的國家的政府。故選C。

（3）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段In

order

to

work,the

laptops

have

to

be

lasting

and

student-friendly.可知為了運行，這種筆記本必須持久且對學生友好，因此可知它有趣的原因是持久且對學生友好，故選A。

（4）B.詞義猜測題。根據第五段It

can

be

hand

charged

and

also

can

be

recharged

by

connecting

to

a

solar

panel.可知可以連接太陽能，因此判斷連接太陽能是為了充電，因此猜測劃線單詞的含義為充電，故選B。

（5）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段Kids

in

Thailand,Nigeria,Brazil,and

Argentina

will

get

most

of

them.可知在泰國、尼日利亞、巴西和阿根廷的孩子將會獲得最多，故選A。

本文主要介紹了尼古拉斯尼葛洛龐帝和他的科學家團隊發(fā)明新型計算機以幫助貧困地區(qū)的學生。

通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。

21.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】A【小題3】C【小題4】C【小題5】B

【解析】細節(jié)理解題。

（1）B.根據第一段Dogs

might

have

the

latest

tools

in

the

fight

against

cancer

（癌癥）：their

noses!狗可能擁有對抗癌癥的最新工具：他們的鼻子!故選B。

（2）A.根據第三段Each

dog

hadbeen

trained

for

three

weeks

to

sit

when

it

smelled

cancer.在聞癌癥的時候每只狗已經訓練了三個星期，可知做測試首先對狗進行了訓練，故選A。

（3）C.根據DogsinthePineStreetFoundationtestweretrainedtositwhentheysmelledcancer.可知在松樹街基金會測試中當聞到癌癥后狗被訓練坐下，可知當狗聞到癌癥的時候應該坐下，故選C。

（4）C.根據表格720可知聞到健康的人狗站起來的數量是720次，即大約700次，故選C。

（5）B.根據最后一段The

results

are

so

amazing

that

many

experts

question

the

dogs'

smelling

power.They

wonder

if

there

were

other

reasons

why

the

dogs

did

so

well.For

example,they

thought

the

way

the

dog

trainers

behaved

could

have

influenced

how

the

dogs

acted.結果如此驚人，以至于許多專家質疑狗的嗅覺能力。他們想知道狗的表現如此出色是否還有其他原因。例如，他們認為訓狗師的行為可能會影響狗的行為?？芍芏鄬＜屹|疑狗的嗅覺能力因為訓狗師影響了狗的表現，故選B。

本文主要講了狗可以通過聞來辨別癌癥的測試。

通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。

26.【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】C【小題3】A【小題4】C【小題5】B

【解析】（1）C.推理判斷題。根據第三段On

the

other

hand,in

poor

countries

rubbish

might

be

the

only

material

folk

artists

and

toy

makers

can

afford.The

exhibition

shows

that

a

rich

imagination

is

very

important

when

there

are

only

poor

materials.Recycled

art

began

long

before

people

began

to

think

about

recycling.Some

of

the

objects

in

the

exhibition

date

from

the

1930s.可知，這里主要是介紹回收藝術的情況。故選C。

（2）C.推理判斷題。根據第三段They

take

objects

that

are

normally

thrown

away

and

change

them

into

objects

that

are

beautiful,useful,and

fun.The

artists

may

not

think

of

what

they

do

as

recycling,but

that's

exactly

what

it

is.Fine

artists

might

work

with

expensive

materials.可知，劣質材料也可以成為藝術品。故選C。

（3）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段Still,they

all

share

one

thing.They

take

objects

that

are

normally

thrown

away

and

change

them

into

objects

that

are

beautiful,useful,and

fun.可知，展覽分享中的作品都是精美的藝術品。故選A。

（4）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段If

you

reduce

waste,true

things

instead

of

throwing

them

out,and

recycle

materials

such

as

paper,plastic,and

glass,you

will

protect

the

environment.可知，回收材料對保護環(huán)境有好處。故選C。

（5）B.標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了廢舊物品作品展覽，呼吁人們對垃圾進行回收利用如何變垃圾為寶藏。B項"回收的藝術"最為恰當。故選B。

文章主要呼吁人們對垃圾進行回收利用如何變垃圾為寶藏。

首先要通讀全文，了解文章大意，緊緊抓住上下文語境所提供的信息，然后明確詞意，結合排除法逐一選出答案，最后再通讀全文，核對答案。

31.【答案】【小題1】It

is

a

main

food

because

it

is

easy

to

grow,besides

low

cost

and

convenience.【小題2】He

developed

hybrid

rice

successfully.【小題3】He

was

born

in

the

year

1930.【小題4】The

rapidly

growing

population

that

made

food

supply

not

last

all

the

time.【小題5】194.7

million

tons.

【解析】細節(jié)理解題。

（1）It

is

a

main

food

because

it

is

easy

to

grow,besides

low

cost

and

convenience.根據"It

is

a

main

food

because

it

is

easy

to

grow,besides

low

cost

and

convenience.它是一種主要的食物，因為它很容易種植，而且成本低、方便。"可知它是一種主要的食物，因為它很容易種植，而且成本低、方便。故答案為It

is

a

main

food

because

it

is

easy

to

grow,besides

low

cost

and

convenience.

（2）He

developed

hybrid

rice

successfully.根據"A

great

Chinese

scientist,Yuan

successfully

developed

what

is

known

as

"hybrid

rice"

袁隆平是一位偉大的中國科學家，他成功地研制出了一種被稱為"雜交水稻"的作物，"可知他成功地培育了雜交水稻。故答案為He

developed

hybrid

rice

successfully.

（3）He

was

born

in

the

year

1930.根據"Yuan

Longping

was

born

in

the

year

1930，袁隆平出生于1930年，"可知他生于1930年。故答案為He

was

born

in

the

year

1930.

（4）The

rapidly

growing

population

that

made

food

supply

not

last

all

the

time.根據"

a

rapidly

growing

population

that

made

food

supply

not

last

all

the

time.人口的迅速增長使得食物供應不能一直持續(xù)下去。"可知快速增長的人口使得食物供應不能一直持續(xù)下去。故答案為The

rapidly

growing

population

that

made

food

supply

not

last

all

the

time.

（5）194.7

million

tons.根據"His

achievement

would

see

the

rice

supply

in

China

increasing

from

56.9

million

tons

in1950

to

194.7

million

tons

by

2017.他的成就將使中國的水稻供應量從1950年的5690萬噸增加到2017年的19470萬噸。"可知到2017年，中國的大米供應量是1.947億噸。故答案為194.7

million

tons.

短文講了米飯是全世界最常吃的基本食物之一，詳細地介紹了袁隆平發(fā)明的"雜交水稻"，及其對世界的貢獻。

做題時首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，細讀題材，各個擊破。掌握全文的大意之后，細細閱讀材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關信息。

32.【答案】【小題1】實現殘疾人的偉大成就是很有必要的?！拘☆}2】ThelifeofthedisabledinChinahasimprovedalot.【小題3】中國政府正在努力解決殘疾人的需要，為他們提供新的機會?！拘☆}4】Tosucceed,youmustbepatientandnevergiveup.

【解析】（1）實現殘疾人的偉大成就是很有必要的。英譯漢。it"它"，形式主語；isnecessary"必要的"；torealizethegreatachievement"實現偉大成就"，真正的主語；whicharemadebydisabledpeople"被殘疾人創(chuàng)造"，定語從句，修飾名詞thegreatachievement。故填：實現殘疾人的偉大成就是很有必要的。

（2）ThelifeofthedisabledinChinahasimprovedalot.漢譯英。殘疾人在中國的生活：thelifeof

thedisabledinChina；改善：improve；很多：alot。結合語境，此句應用現在完成時（have/hasdone）；主語"thelifeof

thedisabledinChina"是第三人稱單數形式，故助動詞應用has；improve的過去分詞是improved。故填：ThelifeofthedisabledinChinahasimprovedalot.

（3）中國政府正在努力解決殘疾人的需要，為他們提供新的機會。英譯漢。theChinesegovernment"中國政府"；istryingtosolvetheneedsofthedisabled"正在努力解決殘疾人的需要"；andprovidethemwithnewchances"給他們提供新的機會"。故填：中國政府正在努力解決殘疾人的需要，為他們提供新的機會。

（4）Tosucceed,youmustbepatientandnevergiveup.漢譯英。成功：succeed；你：you；必須有耐心：mustbepatient；永不放棄：nevergiveup。根據句意，此句可以用動詞不定式作目的狀語，置于句首。故填：Tosucceed,youmustbepatientandnevergiveup.

本文主要講述了殘疾人在社會中的作用。

翻譯題，先把句中的關鍵詞逐一翻譯，最后根據漢語語言習慣來翻譯整個句子．

33.【答案】【小題1】F【小題2】D【小題3】A【小題4】E【小題5】B

【解析】細節(jié)推理題。

（1）F

.根據后句"Here

are

the

top

five

ways

to

improve

your

sleep

and

get

some

zz's：以下是改善睡眠的五大方法："可知說的是改善睡眠的方法，結合選項，應說很多提高睡眠質量的方法都很容易遵循。故選F。

（2）D.根據后句"Science

tells

us

that

we

sleep

better

in

cooler

temperatures

of

about

60

to

67

degrees

Fahrenheit（15℃to

20℃）.科學告訴我們，在60到67華氏度（15攝氏度到20攝氏度）的低溫下，我們的睡眠會更好。"可知說的是睡眠環(huán)境，結合選項，應說首要任務之一就是建立你的睡眠環(huán)境。故選D。

（3）A

.根據前句"Go

to

bed

and

get

up

at

the

same

time

each

day,even

on

weekends

or

your

days

off.每天同一時間睡覺和起床，即使是在周末或休息日。"可知說的是養(yǎng)成習慣，結合選項，應說身體就像例行公事。故選A。

（4）E

.根據前句"Refuse

the

wine"可知拒絕喝酒，結合選項，應說葡萄酒可能會幫助你入睡，但它會讓你進入較淺的睡眠狀態(tài)。故選E。

（5）B

.根據后句Heavy

and

spicy

foods

may

give

you

heartburn

or

other

digestive

problems,thus

influencing

your

ability

to

get

and

stay

asleep.辛辣的食物可能會讓你胃灼熱或其他消化問題，從而影響你的能力得到和保持睡眠。"可知說的是食物，結合選項，應說避免油膩或熱的食物。故選B。

短文講了睡眠是健康長壽的三大關鍵之一，詳細地介紹了改善睡眠的五大方法。

做題時結合原文和題目有針對性找出相關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案．推理判斷也是要在抓住關鍵