針灸保健的歷史（The history of acupuncture and health care）

針灸保健的歷史(Thehistoryofacupunctureandhealthcare)

Longhistoryofacupuncture,healthcareanddiseaseprevention

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Preventingdiseaseandpromotinghealthisoneoftheimportant

contentsoftraditionalChinesemedicine.Inthebookof

changesfromeighttoseventhCenturyBC,ithasbeenmentioned

that"thegentlemanisthinkingandsuffering(Yu),andthis

isthetwoword“prevention”,whichfirstappearedinancient

books.Sincethen,thebook"HuainanZi“intheWesternHan

Dynastymoreclearlypointedout:"doctor,curethedisease

oftenpainless,sonodisease”.Showsthattheancients

recognizedthatpreventionofdiseaseisamajormeansofgood

fortune,healthandprolonginglife.Inmoderntimes,withthe

improvementofmaterialcivilization,scienceandtechnology

andtheprogressofsocialthinking,preventivemedicinehas

becomeapreventdisease,promotehealth,improveworkability,

theextensionofhumanlifescience.Ithasaprofoundimpact

ontheentiremedicalscienceandhumanlifequality.The

thoughtofpreventionandhealthcareandtherichexperience

gainedbytheChinesemedicinehavenotonlybeenpaidmuch

attentiontobythepreventionworkersathomeandabroad,but

arealsomakingprogress.

Acupuncture,healthcareanddiseasepreventionisavery

importantpartofthepreventionofChinesemedicine,andit

hasahistoryofmorethantwothousandyearsinourcountry.

EspeciallyfromthemiddleoftwentiethCentury,acupuncture

workersinChinaaremorewidelyusedinthepreventionof

acupuncture.Inrecentthirtyyears,theapplicationof

acupunctureforhealthcarehasbecomefashionablealloverthe

world.Summaryofancientandmodernphysiciansexperiencein

thisregard,revealtheacupuncturehealthanddisease

preventionlaw,topromotetheformationofacupuncture

prevention,enrichmodernpreventivemedicine,forthebenefit

ofal1mankind,willkindnessknowsnobounds.

Ancientsurvey

Theearliestancientliteratureonthepreventionof

acupuncturewastheHuangdineijing.Ithasputforwardtheidea

ofacupunctureanddiseaseprevention,“theworkofthorns,the

absenceoftheliving,“andsecondly,thethornswhoarenot

prosperous......Therefore:onpreventivetreatmentofdisease,

notcuredisease,thissays”.("Lingshu“Nishun?).Meanthat

physiciansalwaysbeforethediseasedidnotoccur,oratthe

onsetofearlyacupuncture,sophysiciansattachedgreat

importancetothepreventionoftheextentofthediseaseis

betterthanthetreatmentofdisease;acupuncturealso

emphasizestheroleofphysicalhealth:"itissofullofGod

havereallyneedlingthepurpose,methodofrepairalsoreally

Road,noncancuredisease",("q?Thornlaw").Insomechapters,

thespecificmethodsofprevention,suchasthetreatmentof

fiveacutefever,thediseasebeforethehair,oftenin

differentpartsofthefacetoappearred,soitneedstobe

“diseaseisnotmade,seethoseredthorn,calledzhiweibing.”

(/ZQ/Zpricklyheat?).Inadditiontotreatingmalaria,itisalso

pointedoutthatacupunctureshouldbedonebeforeitis

developed.Therefore,tosomeextent,NeiJinghaslaidthe

theoreticalfoundationforacupunctureanddiseaseprevention

andhealthcare.

IntheEasternHanDynasty,ZhangZhongjinginheritedthe

thoughtof''governingthefuture"inneijing.Althoughheis

focusingondrugtreatment,butalsorelatestotheprevention

ofacupuncture."GoldenChamber“firstarticleclearlypointed

out:"ifpeoplecankeepcautious,donotmakethewinddryWu

meridians;moderatemeridians,organsthatdidnotspread,

healing.Itfeltheavylimbs,leading,breathing,acupuncture,

massagewithointment,donotmakenineorificesocclusion.

(ZangFu,meridian,disease,pulse,syndromefirst).Stress

shouldbepaidtohealthcareandpreventionatordinarytimes,

andshouldbepreventedintheearlystageoncethedisease

invades.

JinandTangDynasty,emphasisonmoxibustion.Duringthis

period,acupuncture,healthcareanddiseasepreventionhave

beengreatlydeveloped,especiallymoxibustion,whichis

widelyusedinpreventionandhasafar-reachingimpacton

futuregenerations.Theemphasisisonpreventingallkindsof

acutesymptoms.Theseincludethefollowingpoints:

First,stresstherainyday.Oneisthroughsimilartomodern

airdisinfection,preventionofinfectiousdiseases,suchas

“zhouhoubeijifang?2"referredto"closetothefourcorners

ofthebedwithmoxibustion,astrong,topreventmalaria.

Althoughitsactualeffect,yettobeverified,butthisidea

isratherdifficult,canbevaluable.Theotheristheuseof

moxibustionmethodtoincreasetheresistanceofthestrongman,

toachievethepurposeofprevention.SuchasTangSunSimiao

recorded:z，ordinarypeopleWuShutourofficials,thebody

oftenmustbe32moxibustion.”,

Don'tmakeboilstemporarily,isakindofmalariamalariagas

cannotbookpeople”.("Qian2nineteen?").Theprevention,the

doctorsalsonoteshould"source?Fifteen"said:"theland

betweenHeluocold,childrenlikethevulgarconvulsivedisease,

bornthreechildren,orincaseofmoxibustion.Inorderto

preventitscheekandmoxibustion.......Withoutthisdisease,

Jiangdonggeothermal,bothfromancientacupunctureand

moxibustionmethod,thisisnorthandsouthoftheShu,

accordingtoFang,moreharmtochildren"."Acupuncture“means

preventiveacupuncturepoint,isputforwardintheJinDynasty,

firstseenin“fanWang”.

Two,payattentiontocheckerroneousideasattheoutset.Early

activetreatmentisalsooneofthecontentsofprevention.At

thattime,doctorsusuallyclaiminprevention,butalsopay

attentiontoatthebeginningofthedisease,beforesymptoms

appeared,withacupuncturemethodoftruncationofillness,

deathinthebud.Suchas“primarydiseasessuchasmicro,many

peopledonotthinkthisisurgent,buttheoddpatientsshould

immediatelyrule,theruleisnotfast,Illputout"("QianJin

YiFang?Volumethirteen").Earlyprevention,notonlyhas

obviouseffect,theprognosisisgood,''emergency

prescriptions?Vol.seven"mentionedin"awindpoison,tomake

peopledonotbecomesick,begantofeelthatthemoxibustion

three,twentystrong,sothatmore,alsodoesnothavea

relapse”.Itshouldbepointedoutthat,inthisperiod,

althoughdiseasepreventionfocusedonmoxibustion,butalso

referredtoacupuncture,oracupunctureandmoxibustion

combination.Inthecaseofstroke,emergency"Prescriptions”

isreferredto“butthewindshouldpreventearneedle,ear

arteryandFengfuGodgood"needlingmethodandprevention;the

“acutediseaseisthehusbanddiedatthebeginningofaslight

wind,peoplehavenotrealized,andthespeedshouldbe

continuedlifeinthesoup,moxibustionmoxibustionacupoint”

combinationmethod.Althoughtherearemanyliteraturesabout

healthpreservingintheJinandTangDynasties,thecontent

ofacupunctureandmoxibustionisnotenough."OldTangbook”

waspublishedinmorethan80yearsLiuofbriskwalking,its

useistheartofhealthmoxibustionQihaiLaw:"Iearlywithout

surgery,butalsoforthevitalitywithjoyandanger,Qihai

normalear”.Emergencyprescriptions"mentionedmoxibustion

gaohuangacupuncturepointcanachievehealtheffect:"thisis

YangKangShengandmoxibustion”.Waitaimiyao?Vol.

thirty-nine“alsointroducedmoxibustionthreepointsto

preventpresbyopia,“morethanthirtyyearsinthethreepeople,

ifnottothepopularityofmoxibustion,darkeyes,andthus

delayaging.

AftertheSongDynasty,acupuncture,healthcareanddisease

prevention,especiallyinacupunctureandhealthcare,have

maderemarkableprogress:

First,moxibustionhasbecomethemainmethodofhealthcare.

AccordingtothetheoryoftraditionalChinesemedicine,

moxibustionwithwarmingyangtodispelthecold,theelement

ofpower,coupledwithlowpriceandeasymoxibustion,

moxibustionissimpletooperate,whichmakesmoxibustion

popularized,becomeeffectiveandeconomicalmeanstoprolong

life.LiChanintheMingDynasty?''Introductiontomedicine”

ismentioned:"everyyear,thesteamingtime,strongvitality,

allkindsofstudents",and"longevity”.Inordertoverifythe

actualclinicaleffectofacupunctureandmoxibustion,some

doctorshavedonetheirownexperiments.SuchasWangZhizhong

inSongDynasty?AcupunctureandMoxibustion“inthe

description:"isbothnottolikemyinstinctwithvitality,

ifwhenthetemperatureismoxibustionQihai,then.Totheold

andsick,oftenfearshortnessofbreath,doctorswhoteach

moxibustionQihai,gashasnopromotion,sinceeveryoneortwo

yearsistobemoxibustion”.Another,suchassinusmaterial,

sincetheageof50,z/oftenmoxibustionGuanyuanfivehundred

strong","thengetoldhealth”(BianQueheartBookroll).In

themoxibustionoperation,varietyofmoxibustion,including

simplemoxibustion(ordirectmoxibustionmoxibustion),smoked

moxibustion(similartomodernmoxibustion)etc..Thereisa

stool“moxibustion,acupunctureandmoxibustion?Vol.three”:

“theold,oldpeopleandYanislikeachild,everyyeartocover

astrongfecalnavelis."Thestrongnumberofhealthcare

moxibustionisgenerallyconsideredtoberelatedtoage,such

as"peopletothirty”.Canbethreeyears,moxibustionnavel

threehundredstrong;fiftycanbetwoyearsamoxibustionnavel

threehundredstrong;sixtycanbeayearmoxibustionnavel

threehundredstrong(BianQuenewbookvolume).Also,as

mentionedabove,aquarterlyincreaseinthenumberofstrong

canbelessthanastrong.AcupointsmoxibustiononShenque,

Qihai,withGuanYuan,Zusanli,gaohuangacupunctureismost

commonlyused.

Two,acupunctureanddiseasepreventionmethodsarebecoming

moreandmorecomplete.Stilltakestrokepreventionasan

example,

Withthegradualdeepeningoftheunderstandingoftheetiology

andpathogenesisofstrokeinancientphysicians,themethod

ofpreventionwasalsoimproved.InSongDynasty,WangZhizhong

proposed:"threemoxibustionbone,andsoon,wheneverthe

springandAutumnperiod,oftenwithmoxibustiondiscouraged,

knownasthewindcanprotecttheYu"("acupunctureand

moxibustionIV?").IntheYuanDynasty,s,'treasureofhealth

care”,accordingtothedifferencebetweenthevisceraandthe

viscera,thelawofpreventionandtreatmentwasputforward

respectively:"everyfeelingofhandfootandfootparalysis

orpainhaslongbeenthetimeofthisorgan.",.....Ifthe

diseaseisontheleft,themoxibustionwillberight,thesick

rightwillbemoxibustionleft.Whofeeltheheartsofthe

troubledmentalstateisnotchaos,Yi,orfootparalysis,the

dirtywhenthereiswindandgas,eventhesevenacupoints

moxibustion(ofBaihuiandDazhuiandFengchi,etc.一author)”.

TotheMingDynasty?YangJizhou,furthersummarized,inhis

“greatcompendiumofacupunctureandmoxibustiontocure

disease?”firstpointedouttheneedtocombinemoxibustion

medicine:"butnotstroke,oneortwomonthsorthreeorfour

monthsago,fromtimetotimelegonsourheavylinen,fora

longtimethiswillstrokecalcite,whencheapanxiousinthree,

juegumoxibustionaroundthreestrong,withrawonion,mint,

peachleafDecoction”;secondly,emphasisonpreventionof

leachingmoxibustiontime;"suchasspring/summer,summer

Jiaoqiu,allshouldbe"Moxibustion”,oftenmaketwofootsore

aswell”;finallyalsocallsattentiontodietanddailylife,

soastoachievebetterpreventionpurpose,otherwise,“but

peopledon'tbelievethis,improperdiet,excessivewine,

suddenlydiedofstroke”.Theactualeffectofmoxibustionon

bonesandZusanlionpreventionofstrokehasbeenaffirmedby

theverificationofmodernphysicians.

Inthisperiod,theconceptofacupuncture,healthcareand

diseasepreventionhasbeenacceptedbymoreandmoredoctors.

ThefamousMingDynastyacupuncturehighWusaid:"nodisease

beforeacupuncture,andalsonotinverse,welcome"("volume

three“acupunctureJuying?),isavividsummary.

Modernprogress

Acupuncture,healthcare,prevention,hasmaderapidprogress

inmoderntimes.InearlytwentiethCentury20,30s,Japanput

moxibustionasauniversalhealthpromotionmeasures.In1937,

fromthenewyear，sday,Japanhassetupanationwide

moxibustioncampaignforZusanli,soastostrengthenthe

nationalconstitution.Theycalledthemoxibustionmoxibustion

health,willexerciseitasamajoreventinayear.Andnot

popularwithmoxibustionatZusanlipointpeopletravel'this

proverb.Acupunctureanddiseasepreventionandhealthcare

workhasbeencarriedoutextensivelyinourcountry,about50

andtwentiethCentury60s.Theearlyfocuswasonacupuncture

anddiseaseprevention,withvariousacuteinfectiousdiseases.

Moreandmoreattentionhasbeenpaidtoacupunctureand

moxibustioninthepast30years.Meanwhile,thecontentof

preventionhasgraduallyshiftedtochronicnoncommunicable

diseasessuchasheartandcerebrovasculardiseases.Itshould

bepointedoutthatwiththeupsurgeofacupunctureinwestern

countriessuchasEuropeandtheUnitedStatesintheearly70s,

acupunctureandmoxibustionhasmaderemarkableprogressinthe

world.Themoderngeneralsituationisdescribedasfollows.

-increasingdiseasepreventionbyAcupunctureandmoxibustion.

Accordingtoourroughstatistics,nearly50yearsofpublished

documents,acupuncturepreventionofdiseasesinvolving

internal,external,female,children,facialfeaturesand

otherclinicaldepartments.Boththeacuteinfectiousdisease

ofinfluenza,meningitis,poliomyelitis,acutebacillary

dysentery,malariaandother,butalsotoacertainextent,

preventorreducestroke,coronaryheartdisease,shock,

tetanusandothercriticalillness,andthesurgicalinfection,

transfusionreaction,artificialabortionsyndromeof

postpartumhemorrhage,acutesymptomsalsohaveapreventive

effectgood.Inrecentyears,acupuncturehasalsobeenused

topreventthetoxiceffectsofcancerchemotherapy.Athletic

syndromeisanewdiseaseinrecentyears,whichisprevented

byacupuncture,especiallyfortheexaminationroomsyndrome.

Recently,acupuncturebecameanimportantpreventivemeasure

afterthesuddenoutbreakofanewepidemicofatypicalsexually

transmitteddiseases.

Two,acupunctureandhealthcareprogramscontinuetoexpand.

Withtherapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology,

materialandspirituallife,healthpromotionandlongevity

havebecomemoreandmorepopular.Acupuncturetherapy,which

iseconomical,simpleandwithoutanysideeffects,has

receivedagreatdealofattention.Basedonthemethodof

moxibustiononthefitnessofancient,modernhealthcareboth

incontentandacupunctureandmoxibustionitself,

Therehasbeenagreatdevelopment.Itcanbeusednotonlyfor

preventionofmoxibustion,someelderlypatients,andisused

foranti-aging.Inrecentyears,suchasusefulAcupoint

MoxibustionInstrumenttoimprovetheelderlyhealthcare

acupointirradiation,immunefunction.Itisworthmentioning

thattheJapanesedoctorsalsoattachesgreatimportanceto

healthcaremoxibustioninclinicalpracticetodevelopand

advocate:Seventeen,eightyearsoldtopreventcoldsand

moxibustionchoke,pulmonarytuberculosis;attheageoffive

totwenty-four,moxibustionSanyinjiao,promotethehealthy

developmentofthereproductivesystem;thirtytofortyyears

oldofmoxibustionatZusanlipoint,preventaginganddisease

preventiontheelderly;moxibustionQuchi,inordertomake

solidteeth,eyesbright,normalbloodpressureetc..Health

careistocreategoodphysicalandmentalconditionsforhuman

beingsandimprovethequalityofhumanlife.Basedonthis,

acupuncturetoquitsmoking,loseweight,beautyandeliminate

fatigueandotherhealthprojectsinrecentyearshaveemerged.

Especiallybecauseofdrugabuse,notonlyinourcountrydregs,

butalsobecomeseriousproblemsworldwide,acupuncture

treatmenthasattractedwideattention,theprojecthasnot

beenrecordedinancientliterature,alsoisthefirstandmost

othercountriesintheworldtocarryouttogether.Frommid

1970s,hasproducedmethodformsincludingbodyacupuncture,

earacupuncture,laseracupuncture,acupuncture,acupoint

injection,andalsofoundalotofeffectiveacupoints.The

scopeofacupunctureandhealthcareisstillexpanding.

Three,payattentiontotheeffectofrepeatedverification.

Anotherimportantprogressofmodernacupunctureand

moxibustionpreventionandtreatmentistomakealargenumber

ofcontrolledobservationsonitsclinicaleffectstoconfirm

itsreliability.Therearethreegeneralmethods:oneistoset

upacontrolgrouptocompare.Thisworkhasbeencarriedout

inthe50and60soflastcentury.Whenacupuncturewasused

topreventinfluenza,acomparisonofdifferentdrugprevention

groupswasconducted,andtheresultsshowedthatacupuncture

wassuperiortosomeWesternmedicinesinprevention.Twois

throughlong-termaccumulationofalargenumberofcasesto

provethattheeffectisindeed.Suchasacupuncture,

preventionofinflammation,observationofmorethanseven

thousandcases,foundthataslongasthebodyfunctionofthe

preventivereactionisstillacceptable,youcanachievethe

roleofdiseaseprevention.Theotherasmeningitis,areported

observationofsixthousandcasesofatotalofmorethan20000

peopleintheacupunctureprevention.Three,throughmore

rigorousscientificdesignobservation,suchasacupuncture,

smokingcessation,singleblindtreatment,acupuncture

cessationsuccess,althoughtherearecertainpsychological

factors,moreimportantly,relyonphysiologicalfactors.

Four,trytoexplorethemechanismofprevention.Inthis

respect,wehavedonemoreworkinrecentyearsandhavedone

better.Maybedividedintotwocategories,oneisbasedonthe

establishmentofmorereliablelaboratoryindicators.Suchas

acupunctureandstr