【解析】江蘇省沭陽縣修遠中學泗洪縣淮北中學鴻翔中學2019-2020學年高二下學期聯(lián)考英語試題

20192020學年度高二下學期修遠、淮北、洪翔聯(lián)考英語試卷（考試時間120分鐘試卷滿分150分）第I卷（選擇題，共100分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，每題1.5分，滿分30分）第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Bossandworker.2.Wherearethespeakersmostprobably?A.Inastore.B.Inanelevator.C.Athome.3.WhichpartofMaria'sbodygothurt?A.Herarm.B.Herhand.C.Herneck.4.WhatdoesBillthinkofthemovie?A.Disappointing.B.Exciting.C.Touching.5.Whatdidthedoctoraskthemantodo?A.Receiveanoperation.B.Haveagoodrest.C.Takesomemedicine.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個小題。6.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Talkingonthephone.B.Eatinginarestaurant.C.Playingonabeach.7.WhydoesthewomanwanttogotoMexicoCity?A.TohaveMexicanfood.B.Toenjoytheweather.C.Tovisitherrelatives.聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9兩個小題。8.Howdidthemanintendtochangehisappointment?A.Bycallingitoff.B.Bychangingittoanotherday.C.Bymakingitearlieronthesameday.9.WhenwillthemanseeDr.Wilson?A.At3：00pmonWednesday.B.At4：30pmonWednesday.C.At10：00amonThursday.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第12三個小題。10.Whatkindsofflowersdoesthemanwant?A.Onesthatlookfantastic.B.Onesthatdowellintheshade.C.Onesthatdon'tneedalotofwater.11.Whyisthemanunwillingtobuyappletrees?A.Hedislikesapples.B.Theyrequiretoomuchwater.C.Hisgardendoesn'tgetenoughsun.12.Wherearethespeakersprobablytalking?A.Inagardenstore.B.Intheman'sgarden.C.Onthephone.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第16四個小題。13.Howdoesthewomanfindtheman'ssuggestionatfirst?A.Interesting.B.Absurd.C.Reasonable.14.Whatwillthesecondrobotdo?A.Putlabelsonthebottles.B.Fillbottleswithmixture.C.Packthebottlesintoboxes.15.Whataretherobotsabletodoaccordingtotheman?A.Workquietly.B.Workquickly.C.Worktirelessly.16.Whatmightthemanasktheworkerstodo?A.Findnewjobs.B.Controltherobots.C.Fixthebrokenrobots.聽下面一段獨白，回答第17至第20四個小題。17.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutherfirstroommate?A.Sheisextremelytidy.B.Shehasagoodtemper.C.Sheseldomtidiestheroom.18.Whatupsetthespeakermostwhenshelivedwithforeigngirls?A.Themessyhouse.B.Thenoisyparties.C.Thehighelectricitybill.19.Whatisthebiggestadvantageoflivingwithagoodfriend?A.Shedoesn'tneedtocookeveryday.B.Shehassomeonetosharefeelings.C.Shecanliveinanewandquietplace.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Problemsofsharingflats.B.Friendshipwithroommates.C.Experiencesofsharingflats.第二部分閱讀理解（共20小題，每小題2分，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）請閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AIstanbul&FacesTitled"TimelessCity:Istanbul&Faces",theTurkeyphotographyexhibitioncelebratesthe30thanniversaryofIstanbulandShanghai'ssistership.The42yearoldphotographerfocusesonthedistinctive(獨特的）historicalquartersandtheatmospherethatspreadsinIstanbul.Hisworkalsopaysrespectstoitspeopleaswell,withwelldefinedportraits.Date:TillJan.18,10a.m.4p.m.Venue:ShanghaiArtCollectionMuseum.KnittedWorksTheknitted(編織的）showisaimedatraisingawarenessofpostnataldepression.Theworkswerecreatedbymorethan20mothersfromdifferentcities.Alltheknitteddollsandotherworkswillbesoldwiththeprofits(利益）goingtocharitywhentheexhibitionends.Ifyouareinterestedintheknittedworks,youcanorderaspecialpiece.Date:TillJan.1,7a.m.9p.m.Venue:BlJinxiuFun.OldShanghaiTeahouseThenewlyopenedzoneatShanghaiDungeonfeaturesnostalgicsetsandexperiencesforvisitorstohave"scaryfun".VisitorscanweartraditionalChinesecostumesandtakephotoswiththeperformers.Date:Daily,11a.m.8p.m.Venue:MosaicShanghaiMail.MusicalTitanicTheTonyAwardswinningmusical"Titanic"isinShanghaiwithmorethan100characterscast.Theimpressivestageeffectspromisetotaketheaudiencetothebottomoftheocean.Date:TillJan22,2p.m.7:30p.m.Venue:SAICShanghaiCultureSquare.1.WhereshouldyougoifyouwanttolearnmoreaboutTurkey'shistory?A.ShanghaiArtCollectionMuseum.B.MosaicShanghaiMail.C.B1JinxiuFun.D.SAICShanghaiCultureSquare.2.Whatcanweknowaboutknittedworks?A.Peoplecanhaveatalkwiththecreators.B.Alltheworkscanbesoldwhentheshowbegins.C.Theshowofferspeoplechancestolearnhowtomakeone.D.Theyweremadebypeoplefromdifferentplaces.3.WhatmakestheMusicalTitanicspecial?A.Itsopeningtimeisthelongest.B.Itraisesmoneyforaspecialpurpose.C.Itoffersalifelikeexperienceunderwater.D.Itallowsinteractingwithperformers.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四個上海的特色旅游項目。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Istanbul&Faces中的The42yearoldphotographerfocusesonthedistinctive(獨特的）historicalquartersandtheatmospherethatspreadsinIstanbul.可知，這位42歲的攝影師專注于在伊斯坦布爾的獨特的歷史街區(qū)和所傳播的氛圍。而該土耳其的攝影展的地址是Venue:ShanghaiArtCollectionMuseum.另外，伊斯坦布爾是土耳其的一個城市。所以，在“上海藝術收藏博物館”就可以了解土耳其的歷史。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二部分KnittedWorks中的Theworkswerecreatedbymorethan20mothersfromdifferentcities.“這些作品是由來自不同城市的20多名母親創(chuàng)作的。”可知，這些針織作品是來自不同地方的不同的人制作的。故選D。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四部分MusicalTitanic中的Theimpressivestageeffectspromisetotaketheaudiencetothebottomoftheocean.“令人印象深刻的舞臺效果承諾把觀眾帶到海底。”可知，它提供給觀眾在水下的逼真的體驗。故選C。BToday'sworldisnotaneasyadjustmentforyoungadults.Keyskillsetforsuccessispersistence(毅力),acharacteristicthatresearcherssayisheavilyinfluencedbyfathers.ResearchersfromBrighamYoungUniversitydiscoveredthatfathersareinauniquepositiontohelptheiradolescentchildrenlearnpersistence.BYUprofessorsLauraPadillaWalkerandRandalDayarrivedatthesefindingsafterfollowing325Americanfamiliesoverseveralyears.Andovertime，thepersistencegainedthroughfathersledtohigherachievementinschool."Therearerelativelyfewstudiesthatstresstheuniqueroleoffathers，"PadillaWalkersaid."Thisresearchalsohelpstoprovethatcharacteristicssuchaspersistencewhichcanbetaughtarekeytoachild'slifesuccess.”Researchersdeterminedthatdadsneedtopracticean"authoritative"parentingstyle.Authoritativeparentingisnotauthoritarian:rigid，demandingorcontrolling.Rather，anauthoritativeparentingstyleincludessomeofthefollowingcharacteristics:childrenfeelwarmthandlovefromtheirfather；responsibilityandthereasonsbehindrulesarestressedchildrenaregivenanappropriatelevelofautonomy(自主權).Inthestudy，about52percentofthedadsexhibitedaboveaveragelevelsofauthoritativeparenting.Akeyfindingisthatovertime，childrenraisedbyanauthoritativefatherweresignificantlymorelikelytodeveloppersistence，whichleadstobetteroutesinschool.Thisparticularstudyexamined11to14yearoldslivingintwoparenthomes.Yettheresearcherssuggestthatsingleparentsstillmayplayaroleinteachingthebenefitsofpersistence，whichisanavenueoffutureresearch.4.WhatisspecialabouttheBYUprofessors'study?A.Itcenteredonfathers'roleinparenting.B.Itwasbasedonanumberoflargefamilies.C.Itanalyzeddifferentkindsofparentingstyles.D.Itaimedtoimprovekids'achievementinschool.5.Whatwouldanauthoritativefatherdowhenraisinghischildren?A.Ignoretheirdemands. B.Makedecisionsforthem.C.Controltheirbehaviors. D.Explaintherulestothem.6.Whichgroupcanbeafocusoffuturestudiesaccordingtotheresearchers?A.Singleparents.B.Childrenagedfrom11to14.C.Authoritarianfathers.D.Mothersintwoparenthomes.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ThreeCharacteristicsofAuthoritativeFathers.B.KeySkillsforYoungAdultstoSucceedinFuture.C.ChildrenTendtoLearnDeterminationfromFather.D.FamilyRelationshipInfluencesSchoolPerformance.【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，父親在幫助青春期的孩子學習毅力方面具有獨特的地位。研究人員認為，父親們需要采用一種“權威”的養(yǎng)育方式，且一項重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)是，隨著時間的推移，由權威父親撫養(yǎng)長大的孩子更有可能培養(yǎng)出堅持不懈的精神，從而在學校取得更好的成績?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句ResearchersfromBrighamYoungUniversitydiscoveredthatfathersareinauniquepositiontohelptheiradolescentchildrenlearnpersistence.（楊百翰大學的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，父親在幫助青春期的孩子學習毅力方面具有獨特的地位）可知楊百翰大學研究的特別之處在于，它關注的是父親在養(yǎng)育子女中的角色。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Rather，anauthoritativeparentingstyleincludessomeofthefollowingcharacteristics:childrenfeelwarmthandlovefromtheirfather；responsibilityandthereasonsbehindrulesarestressedchildrenaregivenanappropriatelevelofautonomy.（相反，權威的養(yǎng)育方式包括以下一些特征:孩子們感受到來自父親的溫暖和愛；強調(diào)責任和規(guī)則背后的原因；孩子們被給予適當?shù)淖灾鳈啵┛芍粋€有權威的父親在撫養(yǎng)孩子時會向他們解釋規(guī)則。故選D。【6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Yettheresearcherssuggestthatsingleparentsstillmayplayaroleinteachingthebenefitsofpersistence，whichisanavenueoffutureresearch.（然而，研究人員認為，單親父母仍然可能在教授堅持不懈的好處方面發(fā)揮作用，這是未來研究的一個方向）可知根據(jù)研究人員的說法，單親父母是未來研究的重點。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中Akeyfindingisthatovertime，childrenraisedbyanauthoritativefatherweresignificantlymorelikelytodeveloppersistence，whichleadstobetteroutesinschool.（一項重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)是，隨著時間的推移，由權威父親撫養(yǎng)長大的孩子更有可能培養(yǎng)出堅持不懈的精神，從而在學校取得更好的成績）和文章主要內(nèi)容為說明父親在養(yǎng)育子女中的角色，故選C選項“孩子們傾向于向父親學習決心”最符合文章標題。故選C。CGoogle“informationoverload”andyouareimmediatelyoverloadedwithinformation:morethan7mhitsin0.05seconds.Someofthisinformationisinteresting:forexample,thephrase“informationoverload”waspopularisedbyAlvinTofflerin1970.Someofitismerenoise:obscurepaniespromotingtheirservicesandevenmoreobscurebloggerssoundingoff.Theoverallimpressionisatonceoverwhelmingandconfusing.“Informationoverload”isoneofthebiggestirritationsinmodernlife.Thereareemailstoanswer,YouTubevideostowatchand,backinthephysicalworld,meetingstoattendandpaperstoshuffle(翻動).AsurveybyReutersoncefoundthattwothirdsofmanagersbelievethatthedatadeluge(泛濫)hadmadetheirjobslesssatisfyingorhurttheirpersonalrelationships.Onethirdthoughtthatithaddamagedtheirhealth.Anothersurveysuggeststhatmostmanagersthinkmostoftheinformationtheyreceiveisuseless.Someresearchersraisethreebigworries.First,informationoverloadcanmakepeoplefeelanxiousandpowerless:scientistshavediscoveredthatmultitaskersproducemorestresshormones.Second,overloadcandiscouragecreativity.TeresaAmabileofHarvardBusinessSchoolhasspentmorethanadecadestudyingtheworkhabitsof238people.Shefindsthatfocusandcreativityareconnected.Peoplearemorelikelytobecreativeiftheyareallowedtofocusonsomethingforsometimewithoutinterruptions.Ifconstantlyinterruptedorforcedtoattendmeetings,theyarelesslikelytobecreative.Third,overloadcanalsomakeworkerslessproductive.DavidMeyeroftheUniversityofMichiganhasshownthatpeoplewhopletecertaintasksinparalleltakemuchlongerandmakemanymoreerrorsthanpeoplewhopletethesametasksinsequence.Whatcanbedoneaboutinformationoverload?Oneansweristechnological:relyonthepeoplewhocreatedthefogtoinventfilters(過濾器)thatwillcleanitup.Xeroxpromisestorestore“informationpurity”bydevelopingbetterfilteringandmanagingdevices.Asecondanswerinvolveswillpower.TurnoffyourmobilephoneandWiFifromtimetotime.Mostpaniesarebetteratgivingemployeesaccesstotheinformationsuperhighwaythanatteachingthemhowtodrive.Thisisstartingtochange.Managementconsultantshavespottedanopportunity.DerekDeanandCarolineWebbofMcKinseyurgebusinessestoapplythreeprinciplestodealwithdataoverload:findtimetofocus,filteroutnoiseandforgetaboutworkwhenyoucan.Businessleadersarechippingin.DavidNovakofYum!Brandsurgespeopletoaskthemselveswhetherwhattheyaredoingisconstructiveoramere“activity”.CristobalCondeofSunGard,anITfirm,preserves“thinkingtime”inhisschedulewhenhecannotbedisturbed.Thismightsoundlikemonsense.Butmonsenseisrareamidthecacophony(不和諧的聲音)ofcorporatelife.8.AccordingtothesurveyconductedbyReuters,mostmanagersbelieve______.A.thedatadelugedoesharmtotheirhealth.B.mostinformationtheyreceiveisofgreatuse.C.informationoverloaddestroystheirpersonalrelationship.D.theirjobsaresatisfyingthankstotherichinformationontheInternet.9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadamagingeffectofinformationoverload?A.Makingpeopleunproductive. B.Causingpeopletolackcreativity.C.Arousingpeople’snegativefeelings. D.Leavingpeoplebadatmultitasking.10.Thetechnologicalwaytodealwithinformationoverloadisto______.A.improvethetechniqueforfilteringdata B.limittheuploadingofinformationC.providelimitedaccesstotheInternet D.developbettersearchengines11.WhichofthefollowingactionmayDerekDeanandCarolineWebbapproveof?A.Listeningtomusicwhileworking. B.Finishingseveraltasksatthesametime.C.Takingyourmindoffworkoccasionally. D.Avoidingusingyourmonsenseinyourwork.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如今信息超載是現(xiàn)代生活中最大的煩惱之一。人們認為信息超載不僅破壞人際關系，而且大部分信息都是無用的。文章還說明了三點信息過載的破壞性影響，以及人們對此的應對措施?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中AsurveybyReutersoncefoundthattwothirdsofmanagersbelievethatthedatadeluge(泛濫)hadmadetheirjobslesssatisfyingorhurttheirpersonalrelationships.可知路透社的一項調(diào)查曾發(fā)現(xiàn)，三分之二的管理人員認為，數(shù)據(jù)泛濫使他們的工作不那么令人滿意，或傷害了他們的人際關系。由此可知，根據(jù)路透社的調(diào)查，大多數(shù)管理者認為信息超載會破壞他們的人際關系。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中First,informationoverloadcanmakepeoplefeelanxiousandpowerless:scientistshavediscoveredthatmultitaskersproducemorestresshormones.Second,overloadcandiscouragecreativity.可知首先，信息超載會讓人感到焦慮和無力：科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)，一心多用的人會產(chǎn)生更多的壓力荷爾蒙。第二，超負荷會阻礙創(chuàng)造力。由此可知，A選項和C選項屬于信息過載的破壞性影響；再根據(jù)第三段中Third,overloadcanalsomakeworkerslessproductive.可知第三，超負荷工作也會降低員工的工作效率。由此可知，C選項屬于信息過載的破壞性影響。故只有D選項“讓人們不擅長多任務處理”不是信息過載的破壞性影響。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Whatcanbedoneaboutinformationoverload?Oneansweristechnological:relyonthepeoplewhocreatedthefogtoinventfilters(過濾器)thatwillcleanitup.Xeroxpromisestorestore“informationpurity”bydevelopingbetterfilteringandmanagingdevices.可知如何應對信息過載？一個答案是技術上的：依靠制造霧的人發(fā)明過濾器來清理霧。Xerox承諾通過開發(fā)更好的過濾和管理設備來恢復“信息純度”。由此可知，改進數(shù)據(jù)過濾技術是解決信息超載的技術途徑。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中DerekDeanandCarolineWebbofMcKinseyurgebusinessestoapplythreeprinciplestodealwithdataoverload:findtimetofocus,filteroutnoiseandforgetaboutworkwhenyoucan.可知麥肯錫的DerekDean和CarolineWebb敦促企業(yè)運用三條原則來應對數(shù)據(jù)過載：找時間集中注意力，過濾噪音，盡可能忘掉工作。結合選項可推知，C選項“偶爾把你的注意力從工作中解放出來”DerekDean和CarolineWebb可能會贊成。故選C。DLookingathispileofunpaidbillsalwaysmakesGiuseppeDelGiudicefeeluneasy.Sometimesheincurs(招致)latefees,butinmanywaystheemotionaltoll(代價)isworse.“Thelongerthebillsgounpaid,”saysDelGiudice,58,“themoremyanxietyincreases.”Attheendofthedayormonth,mostpeoplegettheirtasksdoneontime,butaround20percentarechronicprocrastinators(慢性拖延者)athomeandatwork.Onebigfactorforthemisfearoffailure,ofnotlivinguptoexpectations.KelliSaginak,a57yearoldfunctionalhealthcoachfromWisconsin,procrastinatedaboutlookingforanewjobforyears.Thatinabilitytotakeactiononlyconfirmedherbeliefthatshewouldneverdoanybetter.“IfIdon’ttaketherisk,decide,ormit,Idon’thavetofacethejudgment,”saysSaginak.Somepeopleacceptprocrastination,believingthattheymakeprogressunderpressure.Butresearchershavedisprovedthatview.“Ididanexperimentseveralyearsago,puttingprocrastinatorsunderrestrictionsoftime,”saysJosephFerrari,apsychologyprofessoratDePaulUniversity.“Theydidworsethannonprocrastinators,buttheythoughttheydidbetter.Theymademoreerrors.Theytooklonger.”Whateverthemotivation,delayingadietorexerciseprogrammayincreaseyourriskofheartdisease.Nothavingseenthedoctorwhenyourillnesswaseasiertotreatmayshortenyourlife.Justthinkingaboutwhatyouhaven’tdonemaycausedisfort.“Procrastinatorsexperiencehigherlevelsofstress,bothfromleavingthingstothelastminuteandfromtheirownnegativeandselfcriticalfeelingsabouttheirprocrastination,”saysFuschiaSirois,apsychologylecturerattheUniversityofSheffield.Oneofthemostmonlyprocrastinatedactivitiesisgoingtobed.“Youcanputyourlightsonatimeddimmerswitchtoencourageaconsistentbedtime,”saidJoelAnderson,aphilosophyresearcherlectureratUtrechtUniversity,whoperformedanexperimentonthisandfounditworkedonmostofhissubjects.“Theyformedanintention,”Andersonsays.“Oneofthemsaid,‘Whenthelightsstarttodim,I’llstartgoingtobed.’Then,rewardyourselfforeachstepyoutaketowardyourgoal.Butdon’ttrytoconvinceyourselfitwillworktheotherwayaround!”12.WhatpreventedKelliSaginaksteppingintothejobmarketagain?A.Heroldage. B.Herlackofskills.C.Herfearofjudgment. D.Herpastfailure.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thatview”inParagraph3referto?A.Procrastinatorstendtomisjudgetheirabilities.B.It’shardforpeopletosucceedunderpressure.C.Procrastinationispartofthehumancondition.D.Pressureusuallyleadstobetterperformance.14.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Differentformsofprocrastinating. B.Negativeeffectsofprocrastinating.C.monexcusesforprocrastinating. D.Specificsuggestionsforprocrastinating.15.HowshouldpeoplesticktoafixedbedtimeaccordingtoJoelAnderson?A.Theycanuselightingaslittleaspossible.B.Theycanfirstaskthemselvesabouttheirintentions.C.Theycanreadsomeboringresearchpapers.D.Theycantrysendingthemselvessignalstoinspireaction.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。在一天或一個月快結束的時候，大多數(shù)人都會按時完成他們的任務，但是大約有20%的人在家或工作中都有慢性拖延癥。有些人接受拖延，認為他們會在壓力下取得進步，但研究人員反駁了這種觀點。文章主要說明了拖延的負面影響，以及針對睡覺拖延所給出的一些建議?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“IfIdon’ttaketherisk,decide,ormit,Idon’thavetofacethejudgment,”saysSaginak.可知“如果我不冒險、不做決定、不做承諾，我就不用面對評判，”Saginak說。由此可知，KelliSaginak對評判的恐懼，阻止了她再次進入就業(yè)市場。故選C。【13題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文Somepeopleacceptprocrastination,believingthattheymakeprogressunderpressure.Butresearchershavedisproved可知有些人接受拖延，認為他們會在壓力下取得進步。但研究人員反駁了這種認為壓力通常導致更好的表現(xiàn)的觀點。由此可知，thatview指代的是“壓力通常導致更好的表現(xiàn)”。故選D。【14題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容Whateverthemotivation,delayingadietorexerciseprogrammayincreaseyourriskofheartdisease.Nothavingseenthedoctorwhenyourillnesswaseasiertotreatmayshortenyourlife.Justthinkingaboutwhatyouhaven’tdonemaycausedisfort.“Procrastinatorsexperiencehigherlevelsofstress,bothfromleavingthingstothelastminuteandfromtheirownnegativeandselfcriticalfeelingsabouttheirprocrastination,”saysFuschiaSirois,apsychologylecturerattheUniversityofSheffield.可知不管動機是什么，推遲節(jié)食或鍛煉計劃可能會增加你患心臟病的風險。在你的病比較容易治療的時候沒有去看醫(yī)生可能會縮短你的壽命。僅僅想到你沒有做的事情可能會讓你感到不適。謝菲爾德大學的心理學講師FuschiaSirois說:“拖延者感受到的壓力更大，既有把事情留到最后一分鐘做的，也有自己對拖延癥的消極和自我批評?！庇纱丝芍?，第四段的主要內(nèi)容是拖延的負面影響。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Youcanputyourlightsonatimeddimmerswitchtoencourageaconsistentbedtime,”saidJoelAnderson,aphilosophyresearcherlectureratUtrechtUniversity,whoperformedanexperimentonthisandfounditworkedonmostofhissubjects.“Theyformedanintention,”Andersonsays.“Oneofthemsaid,‘Whenthelightsstarttodim,I’llstartgoingtobed.’”Then,rewardyourselfforeachstepyoutaketowardyourgoal.Butdon’ttrytoconvinceyourselfitwillworktheotherwayaround!可知“你可以把燈開到定時調(diào)光開關，以鼓勵人們堅持睡覺時間，”烏得勒支大學的哲學研究兼講師JoelAnderson說?！八麄冃纬闪艘粋€意圖，”Anderson說?！捌渲幸粋€說，‘當燈光暗下來的時候，我就開始睡覺。然后，為你向目標邁進的每一步獎勵自己。但是不要試圖說服你自己，它會起反作用！”由此可推知，JoelAnderson認為人們應該可以試著給自己發(fā)送信號來激勵自己采取行動，從而堅持固定的就寢時間。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thedictionaryisn’tforever.Whathappenstoawordwhenitspopularitystartstodecline?Here’showtheprocessofdeletingawordfromthedictionaryworks.Thedictionaryisactuallyasteadilyenlargingvolume.____16____Newwordsarisefromemergingandexpandingdisciplines.Definitionsalsochangeandshift,somonwordsgainnewmeanings.Ontheotherhand,therearealsowordsthatbeeoutdated.___17___Whodecideswhichwordstodelete?____18____Whileaddingawordtothedictionaryisapreciseprocess,it’sevenmoredifficultforawordtogetdeleted.Editorsmaintainandstudyvastlanguagedatabasestokeepuptodateonthewordsincirculationacrossvariousmedia.TheOxfordEnglishDictionarycoverstheEnglishlanguageoverthelast1,000years,andit’sconsidereddefinitiveandauthoritative.____19____Andeachhasitsownprocessforadditionsandremovals.___20___A2019petition(請愿)with30,000signaturescallsfortheOxfordEnglishDictionarytoremovesexistlanguageanddefinitions,especiallythosetermsundertheword“woman.”AndMerriamWebsterrecentlychangeddefinitionsofidentityrelatedwordstoreflectnewculturalmeaningsaroundfairness.A.Somenewwordsmightbeoutofdateoneday.B.Asaresult,wordsgetremovedfromthedictionary.C.Dictionaryadditionsanddeletionsreflectsocialchanges.D.It’suptothedictionaryeditorstomakethefinaldecision.E.That’sbecausetheEnglishlanguageconstantlydevelopsandchanges.F.Theseareoftenthetypesofwordsthatwillmakeitintodictionaries.G.However,therearemanyotherdictionariesthatarereliableandtrustworthy.【答案】16.E17.B18.D19.G20.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了英語是不斷發(fā)展和變化的。新詞匯產(chǎn)生于新興和擴展的學科，定義也會變化，所以常用詞有了新的含義。另一方面，有些詞也會過時。結果，有些單詞就從字典中刪除了。文章說明了從字典中刪除一個單詞的過程。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前文Thedictionaryisactuallyasteadilyenlargingvolume.（這本詞典實際上是一本不斷擴大的書。）故推測本句應介紹字典不斷擴大的原因。故E選項“這是因為英語語言不斷發(fā)展和變化。”符合上下文語境。故選E。【17題詳解】根據(jù)前文Ontheotherhand,therearealsowordsthatbeeoutdated.（另一方面，有些詞也會過時。）可推測本句說明一些詞過時的結果。結果就是這些單詞被從字典中刪除。故B選項“結果，單詞就從字典中刪除了?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境。故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文Whodecideswhichwordstodelete？（誰來決定刪除哪些單詞。）上文提出問題，故本空應是對上文誰決定刪除那些單詞的回答。故D選項“詞典的最終決定權在編輯手中。”符合上下文語境。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文TheOxfordEnglishDictionarycoverstheEnglishlanguageoverthelast1，000years，andit'sconsidereddefinitiveandauthoritative（《牛津英語詞典》涵蓋了過去1000年的英語，被認為是權威的。）以及下文Andeachhasitsownprocessforadditionsandremovals.（每個都有自己的添加和移除流程。）可推知本句是說明除了《牛津英語詞典》之外，其他許多可靠的字典也有自己的添加和移除單詞的流程。故G選項“然而，有許多其他的字典是可靠的和值得信賴的?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文A2019petition（請愿）with30，000signaturescallsfortheOxfordEnglishDictionarytoremovesexistlanguageanddefinitions.（2019年，一份有3萬人簽名的請愿書呼吁《牛津英語詞典》刪除性別歧視語言和定義。）可推知社會的變化也會影響詞典的增刪。故C選項“詞典的增刪反映了社會的變化?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境。故選C。第三部分完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）請閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項Peoplehavebeensayinggreatthingsaboutmydadlately.Theykeeptellingmethatmydadisaherobecauseofhis_____21_____.Mydadisasurgeon,andlikemanyotherdoctorsinChina,he_____22_____togotoWuhantocareforpatientsthere.Butthehospitalwhereheworksonlyaskedhimtomakesurethat____23____patientsarestillabletoreceiveregulartreatment.Somydadjustfollowshisnormal____24____,analyzingpatients’diseasesandperformingchestoperations.Withallkindsofplimentstowardmydad,Ibecame_____25_____.MydadhasbeenadoctorlongbeforethisCOVID19outbreak;whyhasnooneelsepraisedhimasaherobefore?Didn’the_____26_____suchplimentswhenthisdiseasewasn’taround?Whenwetalkaboutheroes,whatkindof_____27_____oftenjumpsintoourminds?Warleaderswhoconqueredeverythingthatstood_____28_____theirway?Historiccharacterswho_____29_____astrongkingdom?Orourdearmoviestars:theAvengers?Well,theyareindeedheroes,andtheymademarvelousachievements._____30_____,arethepagesofheroesjustpreparedforthesesocalled“supermen”and“superwomen”?Idon’tthinkso.Heroesexistinourreallives.Theycanbeseenandtheyare_____31_____justlikeyouandI.NowmanystreetsofChinesecitiesarealmost_____32_____,theschoolsareclosedandtheshopsareshut.Butinthisworld,somethingsremain_____33_____.Ifthere’safire,justcall119,andyouknowthatthefirefighterswillbetherewithinminutes.Ifyouhappentogooutontheroad,you’lleacrosspoliceofficerswavingtheirflagsto_____34_____thetraffic._____35_____,inhospitals,fromdoctorstonurses,cleanerstosecurityguards,thesepeoplestill_____36_____theirjobs,doingthesameservicesasthey_____37_____did.Thereasonwhytheyarestilldedicatedisnota_____38_____forpliments,butoutofawillingnessfortheir_____39_____.Thesepeople,whoareorwere_____40_____themselvestothejob,donotneedtobepraisedasheroesonlynowbecausetheyareheroesallthetime.21.A.ambition B.qualification C.occupation D.passion22.A.offered B.claimed C.plotted D.intended23.A.terminal B.acute C.stubborn D.local24.A.section B.routine C.trend D.criterion25.A.proud B.confused C.content D.disappointed26.A.demand B.adore C.deserve D.undertake27.A.image B.occasion C.script D.scene28.A.on B.for C.in D.against29.A.enlarged B.seized C.sought D.ruled30.A.Therefore B.However C.Eventually D.Moreover31.A.ordinary B.consistent C.clumsy D.fragile32.A.evident B.broad C.diverse D.empty33.A.dynamic B.holy C.unchanged D.abundant34.A.direct B.address C.classify D.convey35.A.Universally B.Similarly C.Partly D.Originally36.A.stickto B.showoff C.touchon D.liveupto37.A.never B.seldom C.rarely D.ever38.A.tendency B.desire C.substitute D.preference39.A.reputation B.growth C.duty D.opportunity40.A.withdrawing B.exposing C.submitting D.mitting【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.B26.C27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.D33.C34.A35.B36.A37.D38.B39.C40.D【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了我的爸爸是一名外科醫(yī)生，主動請纓支援武漢的時候被留在原來的醫(yī)院，為了保證當?shù)夭∪四軌蚪邮艹Ｒ?guī)的治療。當我面對鋪天蓋地對醫(yī)生的英雄贊歌時，我卻認為英雄亦凡人，凡人皆英雄。對于那些一直在自己的工作崗位上奉獻的人，我們不應該只在當下為他們送上贊美，因為他們一直都是英雄?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們一直在告訴我，因為我爸爸是一名醫(yī)生，所以他是一個英雄。A.ambition抱負；B.qualification資格；C.occupation職業(yè)；D.passion激情。根據(jù)下文中的Mydadisasurgeon,andlikemanyotherdoctorsinChina,he_____2_____togotoWuhantocareforpatientsthere.(我爸爸是一名外科醫(yī)生，和其他的中國醫(yī)生一樣，他主動請纓支援武漢)可知人們一直稱贊我的爸爸，是因為他的醫(yī)生職業(yè)。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我爸爸是一名外科醫(yī)生，和其他的中國醫(yī)生一樣，他主動請纓支援武漢。A.offered提出；B.claimed聲稱；C.plotted標繪；D.intende