統(tǒng)考版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)必修1Unit1Lifestyles課時(shí)提能練含解析北師大版

一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品資料(高中)PAGE1-課時(shí)提能練(一)必修1Unit1Lifestyles(A)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·浙江余姚模擬)Theevidenceforharmonymaynotbeobviousinsomefamilies.Butitseemsthatfouroutoffiveyoungpeoplenowgetonwellwiththeirparents，whichistheoppositeofthepopularly-heldimageofunhappyteenagerslockedintheirroomafterendlessfamilyquarrels.Animportantnewstudyintoteenageattitudessurprisinglyshowsthattheirfamilylifeismoreharmoniousthanithadeverbeeninthepast.“Weweresurprisedbyjusthowpositivetoday'syoungpeopleseemtobeabouttheirfamilies，”saidonememberoftheresearchteam.“They'reexpectedtoberebellious(叛逆的)andselfishbutactuallytheyhaveotherthingsontheirminds:theywantacarandmaterialgoods，andtheyworryaboutwhetherschoolisservingthemwell.There'smorenegotiation(商議)anddiscussionbetweenparentsandchildren，andchildrenexpecttotakepartinthefamilydecision-makingprocess.Theydon'twanttorocktheboat.”Soitseemsthatthisgenerationofparentsismuchmorelikelythanparentsof30yearsagototreattheirchildrenasfriends.“Myparentsarehappytodiscussthingswithmeandwillingtolistentome，”says17-year-oldDanielLazall.“IalwaystellthemwhenI'mgoingoutclubbing.AslongastheyknowwhatI'mdoing，they'refinewithme.”SusanCrome，whoisnow21，agrees.“Lookingbackonthelast10years，therewasalotofwhatyoucouldcallnegotiation.Forexample，aslongasI'ddoneallmyhomework，IcouldgooutonaSaturdaynight.ButIthinkmygrandparentswerealotstricterwithmyparentsthanthat.”Maybethispositiveviewoffamilylifeshouldnotbeunexpected.Itispossiblethattheideaofteenagerebellion(反抗)isnotrootedinrealfacts.Aresearchercomments，“Oursurprisethatteenagerssaytheygetalongwellwiththeirparentscomesbecauseofabriefperiodinoursocialhistorywhenteenagerswereregardedasdifferentbeings.Butthatideaofrebellingandbreakingawayfromtheirparentsreallyonlyhappenedduringthatonetimeinthe1960swheneveryonerebelled.Thenormalsituationthroughouthistoryhasbeenasmoothchangefromhelpingoutwiththefamilybusinesstotakingitover.”〖語(yǔ)篇解讀〗本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一個(gè)重要的新研究表明：與三十年前的父母相比，現(xiàn)在的父母給孩子更多的自由；這一代的父母更有可能像朋友一樣對(duì)待自己的孩子，所以他們的家庭生活比以往過(guò)去的任何時(shí)候都更加和諧。1．Accordingtotheauthor，teenagerebellion________.A．maybeafalsebeliefB．iscommonnowadaysC．existedonlyinthe1960sD．resultedfromchangesinfamiliesA〖推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Itispossiblethattheideaofteenagerebellionisnotrootedinrealfacts(青少年叛逆可能不是事實(shí))”推出“maybeafalsebelief”。故選A。〗2．Thestudyshowsthatteenagersdon'twantto_______.A．sharefamilyresponsibilityB．causetroubleintheirfamiliesC．goboatingwiththeirfamilyD．makefamilydecisionsB〖細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“There'smorenegotiationanddiscussionbetweenparentsandchildren，andchildrenexpecttotakepartinthefamilydecision-makingprocess.Theydon'twanttorocktheboat.”看出“孩子們與父母討論協(xié)商，期待參與家庭一些決策，但他們不想rocktheboat”，意思是todosth.thatupsetsasituationandcausesproblems(搗亂，惹麻煩)，推出〖答案〗B?！?．Comparedwithparentsof30yearsago，today'sparents________.A．gotoclubsmoreoftenwiththeirchildrenB．a(chǎn)remuchstricterwiththeirchildrenC．carelessabouttheirchildren'slifeD．givetheirchildrenmorefreedomD〖細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段所給的一些事例及“ButIthinkmygrandparentswerealotstricterwithmyparentsthanthat.”可知與30年前的父母相比，現(xiàn)在的父母給他們的孩子更多的自由，所以選D?！?．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Negotiationinfamily.B．Educationinfamily.C．Harmonyinfamily.D．Teenagetroubleinfamily.C〖主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一句(本文的主題句)，可知這篇文章主要講了家庭的和諧問(wèn)題，所以選C?！紹(2020·洛陽(yáng)市上學(xué)期尖子生第一次聯(lián)考)Iwasanewcomerinaclass.SowasAlice.That'swherethesimilarityended.Iwastallandshewassmall.Mythick，blackhairhadbeenrecentlycutshort.Hernaturalblondehairflowedtoherwaistandlookedgreat.Iwasawkwardandshy.Shewasn't.Icouldn'tstandher.Iconsideredhermyenemy.Shelikedme.Shewantedtobemyfriend.Oneday，sheinvitedmeoverandIsaidyes—Iwastooshockedtoansweranyotherway.Noonehadinvitedmeovertoplay.Butthisgirlwhoworethelatestfashionswantedmetogohomewithherafterschool.Igotverysurprisedwhensheledmeintoanapartmentbuilding.Shelivedonthefourthfloorinathree-roomplacewithhermother，herstepfather，hertwobrothersandhersister.Whenwegottotheroomshesharedwithhersister，shetookoutabigcaseofBarbies，whichwasmynextsurprise.Iwouldhavethoughtshe'doutgrownthem.Ihadneverplayedwiththem.Butwesatonthefloorofawalk-incloset，laughingaswemadeupcrazystoriesabouttheBarbies.That'swhenwefoundoutthatwebothwantedtobewriterswhenwewereolderandwebothhadwildimaginations.Wehadagreatdaythatafternoon.Ourjawsachedfromsmilingsomuch.Sheshowedmeherwardrobe，whichhadmostlycomefromaclothingstoredowntheblock.Thewomanwhoowneditusedherasamodelsometimesforhernewspaperadsandgaveherclothesinexchange.Alicehadthewholeneighborhoodcharmed.Thebookstoreownerslentherfashionmagazines，themovietheatergaveherfreepassesandthepizzaplaceletherhavefreeslices.SoonIwasincludedinhermagicworld.Wesleptoverateachother'shouses，andspenteveryfreemomenttogether.MydarkhairgrewandIlearnedtolovebeingtall.Alice，myfirstrealfriendsincechildhood，taughtmeanamazingandverysurprisingthingaboutmakingfriendsthatyourworstenemycanturnouttobeyourbestfriend.〖語(yǔ)篇解讀〗作者講述了自己小時(shí)候與愛(ài)麗絲交朋友的經(jīng)歷。原本作者認(rèn)為自己與愛(ài)麗絲有很多不同之處，視愛(ài)麗絲為敵人，而愛(ài)麗絲卻喜歡作者，并邀請(qǐng)作者去她家里。之后，作者更加了解愛(ài)麗絲，發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩人之間更多的相似之處。最后她們成了好朋友。5．Whatmadethesimilarityend?A．Leavingtheauthor'soldschool.B．Beingadmittedtotheirnewclasses.C．Theirdifferencesinappearancesandpersonalities.D．Theirdifferentdemandforfriendshipandfashion.C〖細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，兩個(gè)人不同的外表和性格使得她們的相似之處結(jié)束了，故選C?！?．WhatdidtheauthorthinkoftheBarbies?A．Alicewastoomatureforthem.B．Alicemusthavemadethembyherself.C．Theyshouldhavebeenkeptwell.D．Theybroughtherbacktoherchildhood.A〖細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“shetookoutabigcaseofBarbies，whichwasmynextsurprise.Iwouldhavethoughtshe'doutgrownthem”可知，作者認(rèn)為愛(ài)麗絲已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)大了，不適合再玩芭比娃娃。outgrow意為“因長(zhǎng)大而不適用……”。故選A。〗7．WecaninferfromthepassagethatAlice________.A．helpedtheauthorseeherownstrengthsB．wasgoodwiththepeoplearoundherC．helpedtobringoutthebestintheauthorD．inspiredtheauthor'sloveforfashionB〖推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Thebookstoreownerslenther...freeslices”可知，書(shū)店老板借給愛(ài)麗絲時(shí)尚雜志，電影院給她免費(fèi)的入場(chǎng)券，比薩店讓她品嘗免費(fèi)的比薩塊，由此可推知，愛(ài)麗絲善于與周?chē)娜舜蚪坏?，故選B?！健几蓴_項(xiàng)分析〗由于受到文中“thisgirlwhoworethelatestfashions”和最后一段的干擾，部分考生易做出錯(cuò)誤的選擇。“whoworethelatestfashions”僅僅是描述Alice，并沒(méi)有涉及作者，故排除D項(xiàng)；最后一段是對(duì)文章的總結(jié)，沒(méi)有提到Alice幫助作者表現(xiàn)出她最好的一面。故排除C項(xiàng)。8．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAlice?A．Humorous. B．Ambitious.C．Caring. D．Friendly.D〖推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，原本在作者眼中愛(ài)麗絲是她的敵人，但是愛(ài)麗絲卻想和作者成為朋友；她邀請(qǐng)作者去她家里玩，最后她們成為好朋友；而且愛(ài)麗絲與她自己周?chē)娜硕冀⒘撕芎玫年P(guān)系，由此可推知，愛(ài)麗絲是友好的。故選D?！舰?完形填空(2020·重慶市第一次學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量調(diào)研抽測(cè))ItwasaSundaymorningonasubwayinNewYork.Peopleweresitting__1__—somereadingnewspapers，somelostinthought，somerestingwiththeireyesclosed.Itwasacalmandpeacefulscene.Then__2__，amanandhischildrenenteredthesubwaycarquickly.Thechildreninitwereso__3__andactivethatthewhole__4__ofthecarinstantlychanged.Themansatdownnexttomeandclosedhiseyes，apparently__5__ofthesituation.Thechildrenwerescreaming，runningbackandforth，throwingthings，andevengrabbingpeople'spapers，and__6__，themansittingnexttomedidnothing.Itwasdifficultnottofeel__7__.Icouldn'tbelievethathewas__8__hischildrentorunwildlikethat，andwastakingno__9__atall.Itwas__10__toseethateveryoneelseonthesubwayfeltannoyed.Sofinally，Iturnedtohimandsaid，“Sir，yourchildrenarereally__11__alotofpeople.Couldyou__12__themalittlemore？”Themanliftedhiseyesandsaidsoftly，“Oh，you're__13__，IguessIshoulddosomethingaboutit.Wejustcamefromthehospitalwheretheirmother__14__aboutanhourago.Idon'tknowwhattodo，andIguesstheydon'tknowhowto__15__iteither.”Canyou__16__whatIfeltatthatmoment?Suddenly，Isawthingsdifferently，myangerwas__17__.Ididn'thavetoworryaboutcontrollingmyattitudeormybehavior，myheartwas__18__theman'spain.Now，insteadoffrustration，feelingsof__19__filledmyheart.Everything__20__inaninstant.Indeed，shiftsinwaysofthinkingmoveusfromonewayofseeingtheworldtoanotherandthoseshiftscreatepowerfulchanges.〖語(yǔ)篇解讀〗一個(gè)周日的早上，人們安靜地坐在地鐵車(chē)廂里。突然，一位男士和他的孩子的出現(xiàn)打破了車(chē)廂的平靜。孩子們?cè)谲?chē)廂里尖叫、來(lái)回跑、扔?xùn)|西，甚至是搶別人的報(bào)紙，而孩子的父親對(duì)此不管不顧?！拔摇焙苌鷼?，便告訴孩子的父親，讓他管一下他們。通過(guò)交談“我”了解到孩子們的母親剛剛?cè)ナ?，這令“我”心生同情。1．A.nervously B．seriouslyC．patiently D．quietlyD〖根據(jù)下文中的“Itwasacalmandpeacefulscene”可知，人們都安靜地坐著，或讀報(bào)紙，或沉思，或閉目養(yǎng)神?！?．A.suddenly B．occasionallyC．eventually D．graduallyA〖根據(jù)空后的“amanandhischildrenenteredthesubwaycarquickly”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，突然，一位男士和他的孩子迅速地走進(jìn)車(chē)廂?！?．A.happy B．loudC．cute D．curiousB〖根據(jù)下文中的“Thechildrenwerescreaming，runningbackandforth，throwingthings，andevengrabbingpeople'spapers”可知，這些孩子很吵鬧。loud“說(shuō)話(huà)太大聲的，吵鬧的”。〗4．A.climate B．directionC．speed D．temperatureA〖根據(jù)第1小題和第3小題的〖解析〗可知，這些孩子很吵，因而打破了車(chē)廂原有的氣氛。climate“環(huán)境氣氛”?！?．A.afraid B．proudC．tired D．unawareD〖根據(jù)上文中的“Themansatdownnexttomeandclosedhiseyes”和下文中的“themansittingnexttomedidnothing”可知，這位男士很顯然沒(méi)有意識(shí)到發(fā)生了什么?！?．A.so B．yetC．for D．a(chǎn)sB〖根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，孩子們?cè)谲?chē)廂里表現(xiàn)得很糟糕，并結(jié)合空后的“themansittingnexttomedidnothing”可推知，此處前后內(nèi)容形成了轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。yet“然而”?！?．A.worried B．a(chǎn)shamedC．a(chǎn)nnoyed D．discouragedC〖此處與下文中的“everyoneelseonthesubwayfeltannoyed”形成呼應(yīng)，故應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)?！?．A.expecting B．a(chǎn)skingC．a(chǎn)llowing D．forbiddingC〖根據(jù)上文表述的孩子們表現(xiàn)得如此糟糕，這位男士卻無(wú)所行動(dòng)可推知，此處表示“我”難以相信他竟允許自己的孩子如此恣意妄為，他一點(diǎn)兒也不負(fù)責(zé)任?！?．A.risks B．notesC．difference D．responsibilityD〖參見(jiàn)上題〖解析〗。〗10．A.easy B．hardC．fair D．normalA〖根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，孩子們表現(xiàn)得很糟糕，所以很容易地看到地鐵上的每個(gè)人都很生氣?！?1．A.supporting B．criticizingC．disturbing D．organizingC〖根據(jù)上文中的“Thechildrenwerescreaming...grabbingpeople'spapers”以及第10空后的“everyoneelseonthesubwayfeltannoyed”可知，這些孩子的行為確實(shí)打擾到了其他乘客?！?2．A.confirm B．divideC．a(chǎn)ssist D．controlD〖根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，“我”希望該男子管一下自己的孩子?！?3．A.right B．wrongC．trustful D．crazyA〖根據(jù)下文中的“IguessIshoulddosomethingaboutit”可知，該男子認(rèn)為“我”說(shuō)得對(duì)?！?4．A.remained B．diedC．worked D．returnedB〖根據(jù)該句中的“Wejustcamefromthehospital”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境和選項(xiàng)可推知，此處應(yīng)是該男子說(shuō)孩子們的母親大概一小時(shí)前去世了?！?5．A.describe B．a(chǎn)ddressC．defeat D．handleD〖根據(jù)該句中的“Idon'tknowwhattodo”“theydon'tknow”“either”可知，此處表示孩子們也不知道如何應(yīng)對(duì)這種情況?！?6．A.believe B．recallC．imagine D．predictC〖根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，作者因孩子們的表現(xiàn)感到生氣，后來(lái)經(jīng)過(guò)與男子交談得知，孩子們的母親大概一小時(shí)前去世了；又結(jié)合下文中的“Suddenly，Isawthingsdifferently”可推知，此處表示，你能想象“我”當(dāng)時(shí)的感受嗎？〗17．A.blocked B．goneC．liberated D．deepenedB〖根據(jù)上文中的“Isawthingsdifferently”可知，“我”的憤怒消失了?！?8．A.filledwith B．opposedtoC．basedon D．freedfromA〖根據(jù)上文中的“Isawthingsdifferently”“Ididn'thaveto...ormybehavior”可推知，“我”也感受到了該男子的痛苦?！?9．A.forgiveness B．bitternessC．sympathy D．a(chǎn)ppreciationC〖根據(jù)該句中的“insteadoffrustration”并結(jié)合上文表述的“我”的態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變可知，“我”的心中充滿(mǎn)了對(duì)該男子的同情?！?0．A.restored B．changedC．counted D．settledB〖根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，“我”的態(tài)度很快地發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變，所有事情在一瞬間改變了?！秸n時(shí)提能練(二)必修1Unit1Lifestyles(B)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·黃岡市質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Empathy(同感)isoneofthosestrangequalities—somethingalmosteveryonewants，butfewknowhowtotrulygiveorreceiveit.Inaworldwhereself-satisfactionisemphasized，itisinshortsupplybuthighdemand.Thisisallthemorereasontoteachthenextgenerationwhatitmeanstohaveempathyforthosearoundthem.Whatisempathy?Manypeopleconfusesympathyandempathy，buttheyaredifferent.Empathyisnotjusttheabilitytounderstandsomeone'sfeelings；criminalsoftentakeadvantageofpeoplebyappearingtounderstandtheirfeelingsandsubsequentlygainingtheirtrust.Empathyismorethanthat.Notonlyisittheabilitytorecognizehowsomeonefeels，butitalsovaluesandrespectsthefeelingsofanotherperson.Itmeanstreatingotherswithkindness，respect，andunderstanding.Kidsneedtoseeadultsshowempathy.Whilesomechildrenaregiftedwithnaturallykindhearts，inmostcaseskidsneedtoseeempathydisplayedbytheadultsaroundthem.Itbeginswiththewayparentsrelatetotheirchildren.Parentswhoshowaninterestinthethingsthatmattertotheirkidsandrespondtoemotionsinapositiveandcaringwayareteachingtheskillofempathy.Meetemotionalneeds.Whenchildrenhavetheiremotionalneedsmet，twothingshappen.Theylearnhowtomeettheemotionalneedsofothersandtheyareanchoredinwhattheyarereceiving，meaningthattheyaresecureenoughtogivesomethingtootherswhentheneedarisesbutfirsttheyneedtoreceivesomething.An_empty_jug_cannot_fill_a_cup.It'sagoodideatotalktokidsaboutemotionsandhowotherpeopleexperiencethem.Givetheiremotionsnames(forexample，jealousy，anger，andlove)andteachthemthatthesearenormal.Talktothemabouthowtohandleemotionsinapositivewayandpointoutsituationswhereotherpeopleareexperiencingemotions.Teachthemaboutrespectingtheemotionsofothersandshowthemhowtoactinasituationwherearesponseisrequired.〖語(yǔ)篇解讀〗本文主要介紹了同理心的含義和父母如何去教孩子們有同理心。1．Whyarethenextgenerationtaughttohaveempathy?A．Peopletendtobeself-centered.B．Everyoneneedsempathy.C．Empathyisastrangequality.D．It'sbettertogivethantoreceive.A〖細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知，在一個(gè)過(guò)度關(guān)注自我滿(mǎn)足的世界里，同理心稀缺，因此更有理由要教會(huì)下一代人有同理心。〗2．Whichsituationcanempathybeusedin?A．Whenamathematicianiscalculatingtheareaoffarmland.B．Whenateacheriscomfortingastudentabouthisfailureinexams.C．Whenacriminalischeatingavictim.D．Whenadancerisdancingtomusic.B〖推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句可知，同理心不僅是理解他人的感受，而且要重視并尊重別人的感受，即體貼、尊敬、理解他人，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可推知，學(xué)生考試不及格時(shí)老師可用同理心給予安慰?！?．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Anemptyjugcannotfillacup”mean?A．Anemptyjugistoosmalltoholdacup.B．It'samusttotalktokidsaboutemotions.C．Adultsshouldsetanexampletokids.D．Kidsgiveempathywiththeiremotionalneedsmetfirst.D〖推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第三句中的“...theyaresecureenoughtogivesomethingtootherswhentheneedarisesbutfirsttheyneedtoreceivesomething”可知，孩子們施以同理心的條件是首先滿(mǎn)足自己的情感需求?！?．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Howtotrainkidstohaveempathy.B．Howtodistinguishsympathyandempathy.C．Howtohelpkidsfinishempathy-relatedtasks.D．Whetherkidscanbetrainedtobemoreempathetic.A〖標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的話(huà)題導(dǎo)入、尾句點(diǎn)題以及其他段落的主題句可推知，本文主要介紹了同理心的含義以及如何培養(yǎng)孩子們有同理心?！紹(2020·哈爾濱師大附中、東北師大附中、遼寧省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)一模)Maybeyoutakevitaminsregularlysupportingbrainpower，orstockuponthesefoodsthatboostbrainhealth.ButnewguidelinesfromtheAmericanAcademyofNeurology(AAN)suggestthere'ssomethingbetteryoucandotokeepyourmindsharp.Aquarterofadultsaged80to84experiencemildcognitive(認(rèn)知的)impairment，accordingtoAAN.Toaddressthewidespreadproblem，agroupofneurologistsandAlzheimer's(阿爾茨海默癥)specialistswentthroughexistingstudiestodefinethebestwaystopreventandtreatcognitivedecline—andyoumightbesurprisedbywhattheyincludedandwhattheydidn't.Surprisingly，theAANguidelinesdon'tincludeanymedication(藥物)ordietaryrecommendations.Theauthorsstressthattherehaven'tbeenanyhigh-quality，long-termstudiesfindingfoodsormedicationcanhelpcognitivedecline.Theguidelinesalsosaydoctorscanconsidersuggestingcognitivetrainingtopatientswithmemorylossbutnotrelyonit.Atthepresenttime，thereport'sauthorssaytheevidenceistooinconclusivetosayforsureifbrainexercises，likememoryandattentiontrainingorproblem-solvingforeverydayissuesassociatedwithmemoryloss，arebeneficial.Still，thesemorningbrainexercisescan'tdoanyharm.Buttherewasonebigdiscoveryfromthenewguidelines:Exercisingjusttwiceaweekcouldimprovecognitivedecline.Onestudyshowedadultswithmildcognitiveimpairmentwhodidresistancetrainingtwiceaweekscoredbetteronexecutivefunctionandassociativememoryteststhanagroupthatworkedonbalancing，stretching，andrelaxing.What'smore，anotherstudyhadolderadultsattendeitherbiweeklyhealthclassesorsessionsofaerobics，strengthtraining，balanceexercises，andmultitaskingtraining.Sixmonthslater，theoneswho'dexercisedregularlyscoredbetteroncognitivehealthandmemorytests，andhadlessbrainshrinkage.AANnowrecommendsdoctorstellpatientswithmemorylosstoexercisetwiceaweektokeeptheirmindssharp.Thisisthebesttimetoexerciseifyouwanttoimproveyourmemory.Itlookslikeyou'vegotjustonemorereasontocleartimeinyourscheduleforaworkout—evenifit'sonlyontheweekends.〖語(yǔ)篇解讀〗研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，每周進(jìn)行兩次鍛煉會(huì)讓大腦保持敏銳，能夠改善老年人的認(rèn)知障礙。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impairment”inParagraph2referto?A．Error. B．Decline.C．Development. D．Presence.B〖詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句中的“Toaddressthewidespreadproblem，agroupofneurologistsandAlzheimer's(阿爾茨海默癥)specialistswentthroughexistingstudiestodefinethebestwaystopreventandtreatcognitivedecline”可知，為了解決這個(gè)普遍性的問(wèn)題，一群神經(jīng)病學(xué)家和阿爾茨海默癥專(zhuān)家仔細(xì)琢磨現(xiàn)有的研究來(lái)明確預(yù)防和治療認(rèn)知衰退的最佳方法，由此可推知，畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞應(yīng)與decline詞義相近，故選B?！?．ANNmaybeuncertainabout________.A．strengthtrainingB．resistancetrainingC．exercisingtwiceaweekD．morningbrainexercisesD〖細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句可知，報(bào)告的作者說(shuō)目前還沒(méi)有確鑿的證據(jù)來(lái)確定大腦鍛煉是否有益。故D項(xiàng)符合題意。〗7．Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A．DailyexercisesarebeneficialtoAlzheimer's.B．TheAANguidelinesattachimportancetoworkouts.C．MedicationisofsignificanceintheANNguidelines.D．Stockinguponvitaminssupportingbrainpowermeansnothing.B〖細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Buttherewasonebigdiscoveryfromthenewguidelines：Exercisingjusttwiceaweekcouldimprovecognitivedecline”以及第六段第一句可知，AAN認(rèn)為每周鍛煉兩次可以改善認(rèn)知衰退并建議醫(yī)生讓喪失記憶的病人每周鍛煉兩次以保持大腦的敏銳。據(jù)此可知，AAN重視鍛煉，故B項(xiàng)正確?！健几蓴_項(xiàng)分析〗A項(xiàng)中的“Dailyexercises”(每天鍛煉)不符合文意；根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，作者并沒(méi)有完全否定服用維生素，只是說(shuō)有更好的方法來(lái)保持大腦的敏銳，故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。8．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Exercise. B．Entertainment.C．Science. D．Health.D〖文章出處題。通讀全文可知，文章第一段第二句為全文的主旨句，并結(jié)合文章其他內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新發(fā)現(xiàn)——每周進(jìn)行兩次鍛煉會(huì)讓大腦保持敏銳，能夠改善老年人的認(rèn)知障礙；據(jù)此可推知，本文的主題為健康，故D項(xiàng)正確?！舰?閱讀七選五(2020·貴陽(yáng)市適應(yīng)性考試一)DuringtheoutbreakofCOVID-19，theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)hasofferedbasicprotectivemeasurestothepublicagainstthevirus.Washhandsfrequentlywithsoapandwateroruseanalcohol-basedwater-freehandsanitizinggelifyourhandsarenotvisiblydirty.__1__.__2__.Ifyousneezeorcoughintoyourhands，youmaycontaminate(污染)objectsorpeoplethatyoutouch.Throwthetissueimmediatelyintoaclosedbinandcleanhandswithalcohol-basedwater-freehandsanitizinggelorsoapandwater.Keepatleastone-meterdistancebetweenyourselfandotherpeople，particularlythosewhoarecoughing，sneezingandhaveafever，becausecoughsorsneezesofpeoplewhoareinfectedwitharespiratory(呼吸的)diseaseproject(噴射)smalldropscontainingthevirus.__3__.Avoidtouchingyoureyes，noseandmouthbecausehandstouchmanysurfaces，whichcanbecontaminatedwiththevirus.Ifyoutouchyoureyes，noseormouthwithyourcontaminatedhands，youcantransferthevirusfromthesurfacetoyourself.Tellyourhealthcareproviderifyouhavebeentoanareawheretheepidemichasbeenreported，orifyouhavebeeninclosecontactwithsomeonewhohasrespiratorysymptoms.Practicegeneralhygienemeasureswhenvisitingliveanimalmarkets，wetmarketsoranimalproductmarkets.__4__.Avoidcontactwithpotentiallycontaminatedanimalwasteorfluidsonthesoilorstructuresofshopsandmarketfacilities.__5__.Handlerawmeat，milk，oranimalorganscarefullytoavoidcross-contaminationwithuncookedfood.A．AvoideatinganimalproductsB．Ifyouaretooclose，youcanbreatheinthevirusC．Thishelpsknowthevirusifit'sonyourhandsD．AvoideatingraworundercookedanimalproductsE．Thishelpsremovethevirusifit'sonyourhandsF．StrictlyavoidanycontactwithotheranimalsinthemarketG．Coveryourmouthandnosewithatissuewhencoughingandsneezing〖語(yǔ)篇解讀〗本文主要介紹了世界衛(wèi)生組織給公眾提供的預(yù)防新冠肺炎的基本措施。1．E〖本空是一個(gè)段尾句。本段主要講了要勤洗手，又結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，本空講的應(yīng)是勤洗手的好處，故E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境?！?．G〖根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)和空處所處位置可知，本空是中心句。本段主要講了咳嗽和打噴嚏時(shí)人們應(yīng)該采取的措施，故G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，概括該段內(nèi)容?！?．B〖本空是一個(gè)段尾句。本段主要講了與他人要保持的距離以及這樣做的原因，故本空講的應(yīng)該是這樣做的好處，或不這樣做的話(huà)可能會(huì)存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，所以B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。〗4．F〖分析本段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講了人們?nèi)ナ袌?chǎng)時(shí)應(yīng)該采取的通用衛(wèi)生措施；空后講的是避免接觸商店或市場(chǎng)里可能被污染的動(dòng)物廢物或液體，故F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境?！?．D〖本空是中心句。本段主要講了人們應(yīng)認(rèn)真地處理生肉、奶或動(dòng)物器官以避免生食導(dǎo)致的交叉污染，故D項(xiàng)與本段內(nèi)容相符，所以選D項(xiàng)?！舰?語(yǔ)法填空(2020·惠州市第二次調(diào)研)Irecentlyheardastoryaboutafamousscientist.Whenhe1.________(ask)whyhewasabletosucceed，hegavetheanswer.Itallcamefromanexperiencewith2.________motherwhenhewasabouttwoyearsold.“IwastryingtogetabottleofmilkfromthefridgewhenIlostthebottleanditfell，spilling(溢出)themilkalloverthefloor—aseaofmilk!Igot3.________(frighten)andIdidn'tknowwhattodo！”hesaid.Insteadof4.________(punish)him，hismotheraskedhimtoplayinthemilkforawhile.Thenshesaid，“Youknow，wefailedinhowto5.________(successful)carryabigmilkbottlewithtwotiny6.________(hand)justnow.Let'sgooutintheyardandfillthebottle7.________watertoseeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryit.”Thisfamousscientistthenremarkedthatitwasatthatmomentthathe8.________(know)hedidn'tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes9.________wereactuallyopportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew.Eveniftheexperiment“doesn'twork”，weusuallylearnsomething10.________(value)fromit.〖語(yǔ)篇解讀〗一位科學(xué)家在兩歲的時(shí)候不小心把牛奶瓶摔到地上，結(jié)果母親不但沒(méi)有懲罰他，還引導(dǎo)他去探索如何才能拿起裝滿(mǎn)水的瓶子；這位科學(xué)家從中明白了一個(gè)道理：不要害怕犯錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)槟且彩且粋€(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。1．wasasked〖考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)該句中的“hegavetheanswer”可知，他是被別人提問(wèn)的，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；又根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處敘述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填wasasked。〗2．his〖考查代詞。此處表示的是和他媽媽的一次經(jīng)歷。故填his?！?．frightened〖考查形容詞?？仗幾鞅碚Z(yǔ)，與got構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，此處表示他當(dāng)時(shí)非常害怕，故要填形容詞frightened“害怕的”?！?．punishing〖考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞insteadof后面要接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，故填punishing?！?．successfully〖考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動(dòng)詞carry要用副詞，故填successfully?！?．hands〖考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)空前的“two”可知，此處要用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填hands?！?．with〖考查介詞。fillsth.withsth.“用……將……裝滿(mǎn)”為固定用法。〗8．knew〖考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)該句中的“itwasatthatmoment”可知，此處是他對(duì)過(guò)去的回憶，故填knew?！?．which/that〖考查定語(yǔ)從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，且先行詞為“mistakes”，故此處要填which或that。〗10．valuable〖考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處表示“從中學(xué)到一些有價(jià)值的東西”，故要用形容詞valuable作定語(yǔ)，修飾不定代詞something，位于其后?！舰?短文改錯(cuò)(2020·福建省畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量檢查測(cè)試)Workingonafarmwasquiteaexperience!Ourteachertoldusthathowacityfarminourneighbourhoodwaslookingforyoungpeopletohelpingwiththeanimals.Cityfarmswereagreatwayforpeopletogetamazedexperiencesofcountrylife.Wecanlearnmoreaboutanimalsandplantandeventakepartworkingonthefarm.SoIspoketotheownerofthefarm，butafewdayslaterIwaslookingafterthehorsesonthefarm.Iwasproudofmyselfwhenhehelpedayoungboytorideahorseforthefirsttime.Itrealmeantalottohim—andtome!〖〖答案〗〗Workingonafarmwasquiteeq\f(a,an)experience!Ourteachertoldusthateq\o(how,＼)acityfarminourneighbourhoodwaslookingforyoungpeopletoeq\f(helping,help)withtheanimals.Cityfarmseq\f(were,are)agreatwayforpeopletogeteq\f(amazed,amazing)experiencesofcountrylife.Wecanlearnmoreaboutanimalsandeq\f(plant,plants)andeventakeparteq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(in))workingonthefarm.SoIspoketotheownerofthefarm，eq\f(but,and)afewdayslaterIwaslookingafterthehorsesonthefarm.Iwasproudofmyselfwheneq\f(he,I)helpedayoungboytorideahorseforthefirsttime.Iteq\f(real,really)meantalottohim—andtome!課時(shí)提能練(一)必修1Unit1Lifestyles(A)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·浙江余姚模擬)Theevidenceforharmonymaynotbeobviousinsomefamilies.Butitseemsthatfouroutoffiveyoungpeoplenowgetonwellwiththeirparents，whichistheoppositeofthepopularly-heldimageofunhappyteenagerslockedintheirroomafterendlessfamilyquarrels.Animportantnewstudyintoteenageattitudessurprisinglyshowsthattheirfamilylifeismoreharmoniousthanithadeverbeeninthepast.“Weweresurprisedbyjusthowpositivetoday'syoungpeopleseemtobeabouttheirfamilies，”saidonememberoftheresearchteam.“They'reexpectedtoberebellious(叛逆的)andselfishbutactuallytheyhaveotherthingsontheirminds:theywantacarandmaterialgoods，andtheyworryaboutwhetherschoolisservingthemwell.There'smorenegotiation(商議)anddiscussionbetweenparentsandchildren，andchildrenexpecttotakepartinthefamilydecision-makingprocess.Theydon'twanttorocktheboat.”Soitseemsthatthisgenerationofparentsismuchmorelikelythanparentsof30yearsagototreattheirchildrenasfriends.“Myparentsarehappytodiscussthingswithmeandwillingtolistentome，”says17-year-oldDanielLazall.“IalwaystellthemwhenI'mgoingoutclubbing.AslongastheyknowwhatI'mdoing，they'refinewithme.”SusanCrome，whoisnow21，agrees.“Lookingbackonthelast10years，therewasalotofwhatyoucouldcallnegotiation.Forexample，aslongasI'ddoneallmyhomework，IcouldgooutonaSaturdaynight.ButIthinkmygrandparentswerealotstricterwithmyparentsthanthat.”Maybethispositiveviewoffamilylifeshouldnotbeunexpected.Itispossiblethattheideaofteenagerebellion(反抗)isnotrootedinrealfacts.Aresearchercomments，“Oursurprisethatteenagerssaytheygetalongwellwiththeirparentscomesbecauseofabriefperiodinoursocialhistorywhenteenagerswereregardedasdifferentbeings.Butthatideaofrebellingandbreakingawayfromtheirparentsreallyonlyhappenedduringthatonetimeinthe1960swheneveryonerebelled.Thenormalsituationthroughouthistoryhasbeenasmoothchangefromhelpingoutwiththefamilybusinesstotakingitover.”〖語(yǔ)篇解讀〗本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一個(gè)重要的新研究表明：與三十年前的父母相比，現(xiàn)在的父母給孩子更多的自由；這一代的父母更有可能像朋友一樣對(duì)待自己的孩子，所以他們的家庭生活比以往過(guò)去的任何時(shí)候都更加和諧。1．Accordingtotheauthor，teenagerebellion________.A．maybeafalsebeliefB．iscommonnowadaysC．existedonlyinthe1960sD．resultedfromchangesinfamiliesA〖推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Itispossiblethattheideaofteenagerebellionisnotrootedinrealfacts(青少年叛逆可能不是事實(shí))”推出“maybeafalsebelief”。故選A。〗2．Thestudyshowsthatteenagersdon'twantto_______.A．sharefamilyresponsibilityB．causetroubleintheirfamiliesC．goboatingwiththeirfamilyD．makefamilydecisionsB〖細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“There'smorenegotiationanddiscussionbetweenparentsandchildren，andchildrenexpecttotakepartinthefamilydecision-makingprocess.Theydon'twanttorocktheboat.”看出“孩子們與父母討論協(xié)商，期待參與家庭一些決策，但他們不想rocktheboat”，意思是todosth.thatupsetsasituationandcausesproblems(搗亂，惹麻煩)，推出〖答案〗B?！?．Comparedwithparentsof30yearsago，today'sparents________.A．gotoclubsmoreoftenwiththeirchildrenB．a(chǎn)remuchstricterwiththeirchildrenC．carelessabouttheirchildren'slifeD．givetheirchildrenmorefreedomD〖細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段所給的一些事例及“ButIthinkmygrandparentswerealotstricterwithmyparentsthanthat.”