Unit-Nine-Champion-of-the-Chimps市公開(kāi)課一等獎(jiǎng)省賽課微課金獎(jiǎng)?wù)n

UnitNineChampionoftheChimps1/22ChampionoftheChimpsChampion:apersonwhofightfor,orspeaksinsupportof,agroupofpeopleorabelief.斗爭(zhēng)者，捍衛(wèi)者，擁護(hù)者Chimp:ChimpanzeeAgregariousanthropoidape(Pantroglodytes)oftropicalAfrica,havinglongdarkhairandsomewhatarborealhabitsandexhibitinghumanlikebehaviorandahighdegreeofintelligence.Itisnowconsideredvulnerabletoextinctioninthewild.

黑猩猩：產(chǎn)于非洲熱帶地域一個(gè)長(zhǎng)有長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)黑毛群居類(lèi)人猿（黑猩猩），有一些棲于樹(shù)上生活習(xí)慣且表現(xiàn)出與人類(lèi)相同行為以及高等智力，現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)為在荒野里很可能滅絕.2/22TheAbstractoftheTextThispassagetellsusbrieflyaboutJaneGoodhall,thechampionofchimps,andherlifewithChimps,working,observing,doingtheresearchsince1960,makingsomediscoveriesandprotectingthemandwildanimalseversince.3/22JaneGoodhall

ApioneerinthestudyofchimpanzeeswhobeganherlandmarkstudiesinAfricain1960,fromtheUnitedKingdom,wasdesignatedasUnitedNationsMessengerofPeacein.TheJaneGoodhallInstituteiswidelyrecognizedforcreatinginnovativeconservationand

developmentprogrammesinAfrica.HerglobalRoots&Shootsprogrammesupportstensofthousandsofyoungpeopleinnearly100countrieswithprojectsthathelppeople,animalsandtheenvironment.

ShecontinuestohelptheUnitedNationsfocusattentiononenvironmentalissuesthrough,forexample,herworkwiththeUNEP/UNESCOGreatApesSurvivalProject,whichhelpscoordinateglobaleffortsonbehalfofthecriticallyendangeredgreatapespecies.4/22JaneGoodhall’sLoveforAnimalsJaneGoodhalllovedanimalsevenasachild.Whenshewasjustoveroneyearold,herparentsgaveheratoychimpanzee,whichshenamedJubilee.ShecarriedJubileewithhereverywhere.Today,morethan65yearslater,Jubilee–nowcompletelybaldfromsomanyhugs–sitsonJane’sdresserinEngland!Janealsospentalotoftimewithawonderfuldog,Rusty,whotaughtherthatanimalshaveminds,personalitiesandemotions.YoucanreadmoreaboutRustyandallofJane’slifeinherbook,MyLifewiththeChimpanzees.5/226/22InformationonChimpazees:

LifespanChimpanzeesrarelylivepasttheageof40inthewild,buthavebeenknowntoreachtheageofmorethan60incaptivity(圈養(yǎng)).Cheeta,starofTarzanisstillaliveasofattheageof76,makinghimtheoldestknownchimpanzeeintheworld.

7/22Gestures

Chimpanzeesalsousemanygesturestoindicateneedsandemotions.Chimpswillbegotherchimpsforfoodbyapproachingthemwithopenhands.Friendsmayholdhands,hug,orevenkiss.Aworriedchimpmakesalip-puckering（撅嘴）face.Afrightenedchimpwillbareitsteeth.Asmileindicatesarelaxed,friendlychimp.Whenthelipsaretightlypressedtogether,thechimpisreadytoattack.

8/22ReproductionChimpanzeesarefullygrownandabletoreproduceat12-13yearsold.Femalechimpanzeesarepregnantforabout8.5-9monthsandusuallyhaveasinglebabyatatime;twinsarerare.

Femalechimpanzeescarefullynurturetheiryoung.Babiescangrasptheirmother‘sfurtorideonthemother’sbackatabout6months.Aftertheyareweaned(斷奶),chimpanzeesbegintobuildtheirownsleepingnestsoutofvegetationandnotusetheirmother'snestanymore.Youngchimpanzeesstaywiththeirmotherforabout7years.

9/2210/22IntelligenceChimpanzeesmaketoolsandusethemtoacquirefoodsandforsocialdisplays;theyhavesophisticatedhuntingstrategiesrequiringcooperation,influenceandrank;theyarestatusconscious,manipulativeandcapableofdeception;theycanlearntousesymbolsandunderstandaspectsofhumanlanguageincludingsomerelationalsyntax,conceptsofnumberandnumericalsequence.Youngchimpanzeeshaveoutperformedhumancollegestudentsintasksrequiringrememberingnumbers.11/22Tooluse

Modernchimpanzeesusetools,andrecentresearchindicatesthatchimpanzeestonetoolusedatestoatleast4300yearsago.Priortothediscoveryoftooluseinchimps,itwasbelievedthathumansweretheonlyspeciestomakeandusetools,butseveralothertool-usingspeciesarenowknown.12/22Arehumansdescendedfromapes?

Humansarenotdescendedfromchimpanzees,gorillas,oranyotherape.But,ifwebelieveinevolution,thenwecanimagineanape-like,human-likecreaturethatlivedmillionsofyearsago---acommonancestortomodernhumans(Homosapiens)andmodernchimpanzees,gorillas,andsoon.LouisLeakeysentJaneGoodalltoGombebecausehebelievedthebehaviorthatissharedbyhumansandchimpanzeestodaymighthavebeenpresentinthecommonancestorand,probably,theStoneAgehominids（原始人類(lèi)）whosefossilshediscovered.13/22SimilaritiesBetweenChimpanzeesandHumanBeings

ChimpanzeesandhumansdifferbyjustoveronepercentofDNA,andtherearestrikingsimilaritiesinthecompositionofthebloodandtheimmuneresponses（免疫反應(yīng)）.Infact,biologically,chimpanzeesaremorecloselyrelatedtohumansthantheyaretogorillas（大猩猩）.Geneticstudiesshowthatchimpanzeesandhumansshareacommonancestor.Somehaveproposedincludingchimpanzeesinthesamegenus(種，類(lèi))ashumanbeingstorecognizethesesimilarities,callingthemHomotroglodytes（類(lèi)人猿）.14/22Geneticstudiesshowthatchimpanzeesandhumansshareacommonancestor.15/2216/22TheOutlineoftheTextPara.1—2:abirdfable&itsmeaningPara.3—5:WhatstimulatedJaneGoodhall’spassionforchimps?Para.6:thesupportfromhermotherPara.7—8:anexcitingdiscoverymadebyJaneGoodhallonchimps&itsmeaningPara.9:othersimilaritiesbetweenchimps&humanbeings.Para.10:busywithraisingfundsPara.11:thedangerofextinctionfacedbychimps&itsreasonsPara.12—13:thecontributionmadebyJaneGoodhalltoprotectchimpsPara.14:JaneGoodhall’spassionfortheremoteforestandchimps17/22AndthencomesJaneGodhall’srealthrust…(para.1)thrust:themainpointofanargument,apolicy,etc.Paraphrase:thenJaneGodhallbeginstogetdowntobusinessandbegintotalkthemainpointofherspeech.givenhernotice.(para.2)Ifanemployergivesanemployeenotice,theemployertellstheemployeethatheorshemustleavehisorherjobwithinafixedperiodoftime.Ifyouhandiny