新目標(biāo)九年級(jí)英語單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)短語及句型總結(jié)

Unit1一、知識(shí)點(diǎn)1.Checkin:在旅館的登記入住。Checkout:在旅館結(jié)賬離開。2.By:①通過…..方式（途徑）。例：IlearnEnglishbylisteningtotapes.②在…..旁邊。例：bythewindow/thedoor③乘坐交通工具例：bybus/car④在……之前，到……為止。例：byOctober在10月前⑤被例：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.3.how與what的區(qū)別：how通常對(duì)方式或程度提問，意思有：怎么樣如何，通常用來做狀語、表語。what通常對(duì)動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者或接受者提問，意思為什么，通常做賓語，主語。①Howisyoursummerholiday?It’sOK.(how表示程度做表語)②Howdidyoutravelaroundtheworld?Itravelbyair.③Whatdoyoulearnatschool?IlearnEnglish,mathandmanyothersubjects.①What…thinkof…?How…like…?②What…dowith…?How…dealwith…?③What…likeabout…?How…like…?④What’stheweatherliketoday?How’stheweathertoday?⑤Whattodo?Howtodoit?e.g.Whatdoyouthinkofthisbook?=Howdoyoulikethisbook?Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddowiththematter.=Idon’tknowhowIshoulddealwithit.WhatdoyoulikeaboutChina?=HowdoyoulikeChina?Idon’tknowwhattodonextstep?=Idon’tknowhowtodoitnextstep?㊣Whatgood/badweatheritistoday!（weather為不可數(shù)名詞，其前不能加a）㊣Whatafine/baddayitistoday!（day為可數(shù)名詞，其前要加a）4.aloud,loud與loudly的用法:三個(gè)詞都與"大聲"或"響亮"有關(guān)。①aloud是副詞,重點(diǎn)在出聲能讓人聽見,但聲音不一定很大,常用在讀書或說話上。通常放在動(dòng)詞之后。aloud沒有比較級(jí)形式。如:Hereadthestoryaloudtohisson.他朗讀那篇故事給他兒子聽。②loud可作形容詞或副詞。用作副詞時(shí),常與speak,talk,laugh等動(dòng)詞連用,多用于比較級(jí),須放在動(dòng)詞之后。如:Shetoldustospeakalittlelouder.她讓我們說大聲一點(diǎn)。③loudly是副詞,與loud同義,有時(shí)兩者可替換使用,但往往含有令人討厭或打擾別人的意思,可位于動(dòng)詞之前或之后。如:Hedoesnottalkloudlyorlaughloudlyinpublic.他不當(dāng)眾大聲談笑。5.voice指人的嗓音也指鳥鳴。sound指人可以聽到的各種聲音。noise指噪音、吵鬧聲6.find+賓語+賓補(bǔ)（名詞形容詞介詞短語分詞等）例：Ifindhimfriendly.Ifoundhimworkinginthegarden.Wefoundhiminbed.Hefoundthewindowclosed.Wefoundherhonest.7.常見的系動(dòng)詞有：①是：am、is、are②保持：keep、stay③轉(zhuǎn)變：become、get、turn④……起來feel、look、smell、taste、sound8.get+賓語+賓補(bǔ)（形容詞過去分詞動(dòng)詞不定式）使某種情況發(fā)生例：Gettheshoesclean.把鞋擦干凈GetMr.Greentocome.讓格林先生進(jìn)來Iwanttogetmybikerepaired.我想去修自行車Youcan’tgethimwaiting.你不能讓他老等著9.動(dòng)詞不定式做定語①與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系ThenexttraintoarrivewasfromNewYork.Heisalwaysthefirsttocome.②與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系Ihavenothingtosay.Ineedapentowritewith.Ineedsomepapertowriteon.Idon’thavearoomtolivein.10.practice,fun做名詞為不可數(shù)名詞11.add補(bǔ)充說又說12.join加入某團(tuán)體并成為其中一員attend出席參加會(huì)議或講座joinin與takepartin指參加到某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)中去。13.all、both、always以及every復(fù)合詞與not連用構(gòu)成部分否定。其完全否定為：all---none,both---neither,everything---nothing,everybody---nobody.14.beafraidofdoingsth./sth.害怕beafraidofbeingalonebeafraidtodosth.害怕beafraidthat恐怕?lián)模硎疚裾Z氣15.either：①放在否定句末表示“也”②兩者中的“任一”③either…or…或者…或者.…引導(dǎo)主語部分，謂語動(dòng)詞按照就近原則16.complete完成，是個(gè)較正式的詞，后不能接動(dòng)名詞finish指日常事物的完成17.a,an與序數(shù)詞連用表示“又一”，“再一”。例：Pleasegivemeasecondapple.Therecomesafifthgirl.18.havetrouble/difficult/problem(in)doing…..干…..遇到麻煩，困難19.unless除非，如果不，等于“ifnot”本身就表示否定，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，主句為將來時(shí)，條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。例：Mybabysisterdoesn’tcryunlessshe’shungry.=Mybabysisterdoesn’tcryifsheisn’thungry.Unlessyoutakemorecare,you’llhaveanaccident.如果你不多加小心的話，你會(huì)出事的。20.instead:adv.代替，更換。例：Wehavenocoffee,wouldyouliketeainstead？我們沒有咖啡了，改喝茶好嗎？Itwilltakedaysbycar,solet’sflyinstead.開車去要好幾天呢，咱們還是坐飛機(jī)吧。Tomwasill,soIwentinstead.湯姆病了，所以換了我去。insteadofdoingsth.作為某人或某事物的替換例：Let’splaycardsinsteadofwatchingTV.Wesometimeseatriceinsteadofpotatoes.Givemetheredoneinsteadofthegreenone.21.spoken口頭的，口語的。spokenEnglish口頭英語speaking講話的，說某種語言的。Speakingskills講英語的能力22.提建議的句子：①What/howabout+doingsth.?如：What/Howaboutgoingshopping?②Whydon’tyou+dosth.?如：Whydon’tyougoshopping?③Whynot+dosth.?如：Whynotgoshopping?④Let’s+dosth.如：Let’sgoshopping⑤Shallwe/I+dosth.?如：Shallwe/Igoshopping?23.alot許多常用于句末如：Ieatalot.我吃了許多。24.too…to太…而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv.+todosth.如：I’mtootiredtosayanything.我太累了，什么都不想說。25.not…atall一點(diǎn)也不根本不如：Ilikemilkverymuch.Idon’tlikecoffeeatall.我非常喜歡牛奶。我一點(diǎn)也不喜歡咖啡。not經(jīng)?？梢院椭鷦?dòng)詞結(jié)合在一起，atall則放在句尾26.be/getexcitedaboutsth.===be/getexcitedaboutdoingsth.===beexcitedtodosth.對(duì)…感興奮如：Iam/getexcitedaboutgoingtoBeijing.===IamexcitedtogotoBeijing.我對(duì)去北京感到興奮。27.①endupdoingsth終止做某事，結(jié)束做某事如：Thepartyendedupsinging.晚會(huì)以唱歌而結(jié)束。②endupwithsth.以…結(jié)束如：Thepartyendedupwithhersinging.晚會(huì)以她的歌唱而告終。28.firstofall首先.tobeginwith一開始lateron后來、隨29.also也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中間either也（用于否定句）常在句末too也(用于肯定句)常在句末=aswell30.makemistakes犯錯(cuò)mistakesb.for…把……錯(cuò)認(rèn)為……makemistakes(in)doingsth.在干某事方面出錯(cuò)bymistake錯(cuò)誤地；由于搞錯(cuò)mistake---mistook----mistaken如：Ioftenmakemistakes.我經(jīng)常犯錯(cuò)。Imistookhimforhisbrother.我錯(cuò)把他認(rèn)成了他的哥哥。makeamistake犯一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤如：Ihavemadeamistake.我已經(jīng)犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。31.laughatsb.笑話；取笑（某人）如：Don’tlaughatme!不要取笑我!32.takenotes做筆記，做記錄33.enjoydoingsth.喜歡做…樂意做…如：Sheenjoysplayingfootball.她喜歡踢足球。enjoyoneself過得愉快如：Heenjoyedhimself.他過得愉快。34.nativespeaker說本族語的人35.oneof+(the+形容詞比較級(jí))+名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式…其中之一如：Sheisoneofthemostpopularteachers.她是最受歡迎的教師之一。36.It’s+形容詞+(forsb.)todosth.(對(duì)于某人來說)做某事…如：It’sdifficult(forme)tostudyEnglish.對(duì)于我來說學(xué)習(xí)英語太難了。句中的it是形式主語，真正的主語是tostudyEnglish37.practicedoing練習(xí)做某事如：SheoftenpracticespeakingEnglish.她經(jīng)常練習(xí)說英語。38.decidetodosth.決定做某事如：LiLeihasdecidedtogotoBeiJing.李雷已經(jīng)決定去北京。39.dealwith處理如：Idealtwithalotofproblem.40.worryaboutsb./sth.擔(dān)心某人/某事如：Motherworriedabouthissonjustnow.媽媽剛才擔(dān)心他的兒子。41.beangrywithsb.對(duì)某人生氣如：Iwasangrywithher.我對(duì)她生氣。42.perhaps===maybe也許43.goby(時(shí)間)過去如：Twoyearswentby.兩年過去了。44.seesb./sth.doing看見某人正在做某事強(qiáng)調(diào)正在發(fā)生seesb./sth.do看見某人在做某事如：如：Shesawhimdrawingapictureintheclassroom.她看見他正在教室里畫畫。45.eachother彼此46.regard…as…把…看作為….如：TheboysregardedAnnaasafool.這些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。47.toomany許多修飾可數(shù)名詞如：toomanygirlstoomuch許多修飾不可數(shù)名詞如：toomuchmilkmuchtoo太修飾形容詞如：muchtoobeautiful48.change…into…將…變?yōu)椤纾篢hemagicianchangedthepenintoabook.這個(gè)魔術(shù)師將這本書變?yōu)橐槐緯?9.withthehelpofsb.==withone’shelp在某人的幫助下如：withthehelpofLiLei==withLiLei’shelp在李雷的幫助下50.compare…to…把…與…相比如：CompareyoutoAnna,youarelucky.你和安娜相比，你是幸運(yùn)的。二、短語：1.bymakingflashcards通過做單詞抽認(rèn)卡2.ask…forhelp向某人求助3.readaloud朗讀4.thatway(=inthatway)通過那種方式5.improvemyspeakingskills提高我的會(huì)話技巧6.forexample(=forinstance)例如7.havefun玩得高興8.haveconversationswithfriends與朋友對(duì)話9.getexcited高興，激動(dòng)10.endupspeakinginChinese以說漢語結(jié)束對(duì)話11.doasurveyabout…做有關(guān)…的調(diào)查12.keepanEnglishnotebook記英語筆記13.spokenEnglish(=oralEnglish)英語口語14.makemistakes犯錯(cuò)誤15.getthepronunciationright使發(fā)音準(zhǔn)確16.practisespeakingEnglish練習(xí)說英語17.firstofall首先18.beginwith以…開始19.lateron隨后20.inclass在課堂上21.laughtat嘲笑22.takenotes記筆記23.enjoydoing喜歡干…24.writedown寫下，記下25.lookup(v+adv)查找，查詢26.nativespeakers說本族話的人27.makeup編造，虛構(gòu)，化妝，打扮28.aroundtheworld全世界29.dealwith對(duì)待，處理，解決30.worryabout(beworriedabout)擔(dān)心，擔(dān)憂31.beangrywith生某人的氣32.stayangry生氣33.goby消逝34.regard…as…把…當(dāng)做…35.complainabout/of抱怨36.change…into…把…變成…（=turninto）37.withthehelpof在…的幫助下38.compare…to(with)…把…和…作比較39.thinkof(thinkabout)想起，想到40.physicalproblems身體上的問題41.breakoff中斷，突然終止42.not…atall根本不，全然不三、句子1.Howdoyoustudyforatest?你怎樣為考試做準(zhǔn)備？2.Ihavelearnedalotthatway.用那種方法，我已經(jīng)學(xué)到了很多東西。3.It’stoohardtounderstandthevoice.聽懂那些聲音太難了。4.Memorizingthewordsofpopsongsalsohelpedalittle.記流行歌曲的詞也起作用。5.WeiMingfeelsdifferently.衛(wèi)明有不同的感受。6.Hefindswatchingmoviesfrustrating.他覺得看電影讓人感到沮喪.7.Sheaddedthathavingconversationswithfriendswasnothelpfulatall.她又說和朋友對(duì)話根本沒用。8.Idon’thaveapartnertopracticeEnglishwith.我沒有搭檔一起練習(xí)英語。9.Lateron,Irealizedthatitdoesn’tmatterifyoudon’tunderstandeveryword.隨后，我認(rèn)識(shí)到聽不懂每個(gè)詞并沒有關(guān)系。10.It’samazinghowmuchthishelped.我驚異于這些方法竟如此有用。11.Myteacherisveryimpressed.給老師留下了深刻的印象。12.Shehadtroublemakingcompletesentences.她很難造出完整的句子。13.Whatdoyouthinkyouaredoing?你在做什么？14.MostpeoplespeakEnglishasasecondlanguage.英語對(duì)于大多數(shù)人來說是第二語言。15.Howdowedealwithourproblem?我們?cè)鯓犹幚砦覀兊膯栴}？16.Itisourdutytotryourbesttodealwitheachchallengeinoureducationwiththehelpofourteachers.在老師的幫助下盡我們最大的努力來應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)是我們的責(zé)任。Hecan’twalkorevenspeak.他無法走路，甚至無法說話Unit2一、知識(shí)點(diǎn)1.usedto過去常常做某事,暗指現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不存在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).后跟動(dòng)詞原形.usedtodosth.Thereusedtobe….（反意疑問句）didn’tthere?否定形式為:didn’tuseto或usedn’tto疑問形式為:Did…useto…?或Used…to…?be/getusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于,to為介詞.2.wear表示狀態(tài).=bein+顏色的詞puton表示動(dòng)作.dress+人給某人穿衣服.dresssb./oneselfhaveon表示狀態(tài)（不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)）3.ontheswimteamon是…的成員,在…供職.4.Don’tyourememberme?否定疑問句.（考點(diǎn)）Yes,Ido.不,我記得.No,Idon’t是的,我不記得了.5.反意疑問句:①陳述部分的主語為this,that,疑問部分主語用it;陳述部分主語用these,those,疑問部分用they做主語.例:Thisisanewstory,isn’tit?Thoseareyourparents,aren’tthey?②陳述部分是therebe結(jié)構(gòu),疑問部分仍用there例:TherewasamannamedPaul,wasn’tthere?③Iam后的疑問句,用aren’tI例:IaminClass2,aren’tI?④陳述部分與含有not,no,never,few,little,hardly,seldom,neither,none等詞時(shí),疑問部分用肯定.例:Fewpeoplelikedthismovie,didn’tthey?但陳述句中若帶有否定前綴或后綴的單詞時(shí),這個(gè)句子仍視為肯定,后面仍用否定.例:Yoursisterisunhappy,isn’tshe?⑤陳述部分的主語若為不定式或V-ing短語,疑問部分主語用it.例:Tospendsomuchmoneyonclothesisunnecessary,isn’tit?⑥陳述句中主語是nobody,noone,everyone,everybody等指人的不定代詞時(shí),疑問部分用they做主語;若陳述部分主語是something,anything,noting,everything等指事物的不定代詞時(shí),疑問部分用it做主語.例:Nobodysaysonewordabouttheaccident,dothey?Everythingseemsperfect,doesn’tit?⑦當(dāng)主語是第一人稱I時(shí),若謂動(dòng)為think,believe,guess等詞時(shí),且其后跟賓叢,這時(shí)疑問句部分的人稱,時(shí)態(tài)要與賓語從句保持一致,同時(shí)還要考慮否定轉(zhuǎn)移.例:Idon’tthinkhecanfinishtheworkintime,canhe?⑧前面是祈使句,后用willyou?(let’s開頭時(shí),后用shallwe?)6.beterrifiedof害怕的程度比beafraidof深.7.miss:①思念,想念例:Ireallymisstheolddays.②錯(cuò)過,未中,未趕上,未找到.例:It’sapitythatyoumissthebus.Theboyshotatthegoal,butmissed.8.nomore(用在句中)=not…anymore(用在句尾)指次數(shù);nolonger(用在句中)=not…anylonger(用在句尾)指時(shí)間.9.right:①adj.正確的,右邊的②n.右方,權(quán)利③adv.直接地.10.ItseemsthatYuMeihaschangedalot.=YuMeiseemstohavechangedalot.11.afford+n./pron.afford+todo常與can,beableto連用.例:Canyouaffordanewcar?Thefilmcouldn’taffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.12.aswellas連詞,不但…而且…強(qiáng)調(diào)前者.(若引導(dǎo)主語,謂動(dòng)與前者在人稱和數(shù)上一致例:Livingthingsneedairandlightaswellaswater.生命不僅需要水,還需要空氣和陽光.Iaswellastheyamreadytohelpyou.不僅是他們,我也愿意幫助你.13.alone=byoneself獨(dú)自一人.lonely孤獨(dú)的,寂寞的.14.inthelast/past+一段時(shí)間duringthelast/past+一段時(shí)間與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用.15.die(v.)dead(adj.)death(n.)dying(垂死的)16.playthepiano彈鋼琴17.①be/becomeinterestedinsth.對(duì)…感興趣②beinterestedindoingsth.對(duì)做…感興趣③showgreatinterestin在……方面產(chǎn)生極大的興趣④aplaceofinterest一處名勝someplacesofinterest如：Heisinterestedinmath,butheisn’tinterestedinspeakingEnglish.他對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)感興趣，但是他對(duì)說英語不感興趣。⑤interestedadj.感興趣的，指人對(duì)某事物感興趣，往往主語是人⑥interestingadj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主語往往是物⑦aninterestingbook/man18.害怕…beterrifiedofsth.如：Iamterrifiedofthedog.beterrifiedofdoingsth.如：Iamterrifiedofspeaking.19.on副詞，表示（電燈、電視、機(jī)械等）在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中/打開，其反義詞off.withthelighton燈開著20.walktosomewhere步行到某處walktoschool步行到學(xué)校21.spend動(dòng)詞，表示“花費(fèi)金錢、時(shí)間”①spend…onsth.在某事上花費(fèi)（金錢、時(shí)間）②spend…doingsth.花費(fèi)（金錢、時(shí)間）去做某事如：Hespendstoomuchtimeonclothes.他花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間在衣著Hespend3monthsbuildingthebridge.他花費(fèi)了三個(gè)月去建這座橋。payfor花費(fèi)如：Ipay10yuanforthebook.我花了10元買這本書。take動(dòng)詞有“花費(fèi)”的意思常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：Ittake(s)sb.…todosth.如：Ittakesmeadaytoreadthebook.22.chatwithsb.與某人閑聊如：Iliketochatwithhim.我喜歡和他聊天。23.worryaboutsb./sth.擔(dān)心某人/某事worry是動(dòng)詞beworriedaboutsb./sth.擔(dān)心某人/某事worried是形容詞如：Don’tworryabouthim.不用擔(dān)心他。Motherisworriedaboutherson.媽媽擔(dān)心他的兒子。24.allthetime一直、始終25.takesb.to+地方送/帶某人去某個(gè)地方如：Apersontookhimtothehospital.一個(gè)人把他送到了醫(yī)院。Luitookmehome.劉把我送回了家。(home的前面不能用to)26.hardlyadv.幾乎不、沒有hard困難的；猛烈地hardlyever很少hardly修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，通常放在助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋hardlyhardly+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞如：Icanhardlyunderstandthem.我?guī)缀醪荒軌蛎靼姿麄?。Ihardlyhavetimetodoit.我?guī)缀鯖]有時(shí)間去做了。Itrainshardoutside,Icouldhardlygoout.27.inthelastfewyears.在過去的幾年內(nèi)常與完成時(shí)連用如：IhavelivedinChinainthelastfewyears.在過去的幾年內(nèi)我在中國住。28.bedifferentfrom與…不同29.howtoswim怎樣游泳不定式與疑問詞連用：動(dòng)詞不定式可以和what,which,how,where,when等引導(dǎo)的疑問句連用，構(gòu)成不定工短語。如：Thequestioniswhentostart.問題是什么時(shí)候開始。Idon’tknowwheretogo.我不知道去哪。30.makesb./sth.+形容詞makeyouhappymakesb./sth.+動(dòng)詞原形makehimlaugh31.moveto+地方搬到某地如：ImovedtoBeijinglastyear.32.Itseemsthat+從句看起來好像……如：Itseemsthathehaschangedalot.看起來他好像變了許多。33.helpsb.withsth.幫某人某事helpsb.(to)dosth.幫某人做某事ShehelpedmewithEnglish.她幫助我學(xué)英語。Shehelpedme(to)studyEnglish。她幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語。34.fifteen-year-old作形容詞15歲的fifteen-year-olds作名詞指15歲的人fifteenyearsold指年齡15歲如：afifteen-year-oldboy一個(gè)15歲的男孩Fifteen-year-oldsliketosing.15歲的人喜歡唱歌。Iamfifteenyearsold.我是15歲。35.支付不起…can’t/couldn’taffordtodosth.can’t/couldn’taffordsth.如：Ican’t/couldn’taffordtobuythecar.Ican’t/couldn’taffordthecar.我買不起這個(gè)輛小車。36.as+形容詞./副詞＋assb.could/can盡某人的…能力如：Zhourunasfastashercould/can.她盡她最快的能力去跑。37.getintotroublewith遇到麻煩38.intheend最后39.makeadecision下決定下決心40.toone’ssurprise令某人驚訝如：totheirsurprise令他們驚訝toLiLei’ssurprise令李雷驚訝41.takeprideinsth.以…而自豪如：Hisfatheralwaystakeprideinhim.他的爸爸總是以他而自豪42.payattentiontosth.對(duì)…注意，留心如：Youmustpayattentiontoyourfriend.你應(yīng)該多注意你的朋友。43.beabletodosth.能做某事如：Sheisabletodoit.她能夠做到。44.giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事如：Myfatherhasgivenupsmoking.我爸爸已經(jīng)放棄吸煙了。復(fù)合句與簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)化：①when------attheageof…②so…that…-----too…to…./enoughto…③sothat…------inordertodosth.④because…-----becauseof…⑤if….-----without/with…⑥if…-----祈使句+and/or+簡單句⑦賓語從句----特殊疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式⑧beafraidbesurethat+從句----動(dòng)詞不定式besorry⑨Itseems/seemedthatsb….------sb.seems/seemedtodosth.⑩Sb.hopes/hopedthat….-------sb.hopes/hopedtodosth.二、短語1.bemoreinterestedin對(duì)…更感興趣.2.ontheswimteam游泳隊(duì)的隊(duì)員.3.beterrifiedof害怕.4.gymclass體操課.5.worryabout.擔(dān)心.6.allthetime一直,總是7.chatwith與…閑聊8.hardlyever幾乎從不9.walktoschool=gotoschoolonfoottakethebustoschool=gotoschoolbybus10.aswellas不僅…而且11.getintotrouble遇到麻煩12.makeadecision做出決定13.toone’ssurprise使某人吃驚的是14.takepridein為…感到驕傲15.payattentionto留心,注意16.consistof由…組成/構(gòu)成.bemadeupof由…組成/構(gòu)成.17.insteadof代替,而不是18.intheend最后,終于19.playthepiano彈鋼琴三、句子1.Iusedtobeafraidofthedark.我以前害怕黑暗.2.Igotosleepwithmybedroomlighton.我開著臥室的燈睡覺.3.Iusedtospendalotoftimeplayinggameswithmyfriends.以前我常?；ê芏鄷r(shí)間和我的朋友們玩游戲.4.Ihardlyeverhavetimeforconcerts.我?guī)缀鯖]有時(shí)間去聽音樂會(huì).5.Mylifehaschangedalotinthelastfewyears.6.Itwillmakeyoustressedout.那會(huì)使你緊張的.7.ItseemsthatYuMeihaschangedalot.玉梅似乎變化很大.Unit3一、知識(shí)點(diǎn)①英語有兩種語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和補(bǔ)動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者Catseatfish.（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）貓吃魚。Fishiseatenbycats.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))魚被貓吃。②被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成由“助動(dòng)詞be＋及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成助動(dòng)詞be有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其變化規(guī)則與be作為連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)完全一樣。時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)amare+過去分詞isEnglishisspokeninmanycountries.一般過去時(shí)was+過去分詞were+過去分詞Thisbridgewasbuiltin1989.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/shouldmay+be+過去分詞must/……Theworkmustbedonerightnow.③被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法當(dāng)我們不知道誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或者只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。2.allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）如：MotherallowsmetowatchTVeverynight.媽媽允許我每晚看電視。beallowedtodosth.被允許做某事（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）如：LiLyisallowedtogotoQinzhou.莉莉被允許去欽州。3.gettheirearspierced穿耳洞讓/使（別人）做某事getsth.done(過去分詞)havesth.done如：Igetmycarrepaired.==Ihavemycarrepaired.我讓別人修好我的車Iwanttohavemyhaircut.我要理發(fā).4.enough足夠形容詞＋enough如：beautifulenough足夠漂亮enough＋名詞如：enoughfood足夠食物enoughto足夠…去做…如：IhaveenoughmoneytogotoBeijing.我有足夠的錢去北京。Sheisoldenoughtogotoschool.她夠大去讀書了。5.stopdoingsth.停止做某事Pleasestopspeaking.請(qǐng)停止說話。stoptodosth.停止下來去做某事Pleasestoptospeak.請(qǐng)停下來說話。6.看起來好像…sb.seemtodosth.=Itseemsthat+從句Heseemstofeelverysad.Itseemsthathefeelsverysad.他看起來好像很傷心。7.倒裝句:由so＋助動(dòng)詞(be/do/will/have)/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語意為：…也是一樣Neither/Nor+be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(前為否定)表示與前面所述事實(shí)一致.Sheisastudent.SoamI.她是一個(gè)學(xué)生，我也是。Shewenttoschooljustnow.SodidI.她剛才去學(xué)校了，我也是Shehasfinishedthework.SohaveI.她已經(jīng)完成了工作,我也完成了。Shewillgotoschool.Sowillhe.她將去學(xué)校，他也是。Tomcan’tswim.NeithercanJohn.8.yet仍然，還常用在否定句或疑問句當(dāng)中可與although/though連用9.stayup熬夜如：Ioftenstayupuntil12:00pm.我經(jīng)常熬夜到12點(diǎn)。10.cleanup打掃整理如：Ihavecleanedupthebedroom.我已經(jīng)打掃完了臥室。11.程度副詞：always總是usually經(jīng)常sometimes有時(shí)never從不如：Iamalways/usually/sometimes/neverlateforschool.我總是/經(jīng)常/有時(shí)/從不上學(xué)遲到。12.曾經(jīng)做某事：Doyouevergettoschoollate?Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.Haveyouevergottoschoollate?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.13.goshopping(去購物),gofishing(去釣魚)goswimming(去游泳),goboating(去劃船)gohiking(去登山),gotrekking(去徒步)14..bestrictwith+人.bestrictin+事物.例:TheheadteacherisstrictwithhisstudentsHeisstrictinthework.15.takethetest參加考試passthetest通過考試failatest考試失敗16.theotherday前幾天,不久前的一天.(用于過去時(shí))everyotherday=everytwodays每隔一天（每兩天）17.agree同意反義詞disagree不同意動(dòng)詞agreement同意反義詞disagreement不同意名詞18.keepsb/sth.＋形容詞使某人/某物保持….如：Weshouldkeepourcityclean.（cleaningⅹ）我們應(yīng)該保持我們的城市干凈。Don’tkeepmewaitingforalongtime.別讓我等得太久。19.both…and…+動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式如：BothJimandLiMingplaybastketball.20.learn(sth.)fromsb.向誰學(xué)習(xí)(什么)如：JimlearntEnglishfromhisEnglishteacher.吉姆向他的英語老師學(xué)習(xí)英語21.haveanopportunitytodosth.有機(jī)會(huì)做某事haveachanceofdoingsth.有機(jī)會(huì)做某事如：IhaveanopportunitytogotoBeijing.IhaveachanceofgoingtoBeijing.22.atpresent目前23.atleast最少atmost最多24.花費(fèi)take,cost,spend,payIttake(sb.)timetodosth.Ittook(me)10daystoreadthebook.sth.cost(sb.)……Thebookcost(me)100yuan.sb.spend…onsth.Shespent10daysonthisbook.sb.spend…doingsth.Shespent10daysreadingthisbook.sb.pay…forsth.Shepaid10yuanforthisbook.25.have+時(shí)間段+off放假，休息如：have2daysoffoff不工作,不上班,不上學(xué),不值班.例:IthinkI’lltaketheafternoonoff.我想下午歇班.Sheisofftoday.她今天休息.Ihavethreedaysoffnextweek.下周我有三天假.Theyhaven’thadadayoffsincelastweek.從上周來,他們沒休息過一天.26.replyto答復(fù)某人如：ShereplayedtoMrGreen.27.agreewithsth.同意某事如：Iagreewiththatidea.agreetosb.同意某人的意見如：IagreetoLiLei.28.getinthewayof礙事，妨礙如：Hersociallifegotinthewayofherstudies.她的社會(huì)生活妨礙了她的學(xué)習(xí)。29.successn.succeedv.successfuladj.successfullyadv.30.thinkabout與thinkof的區(qū)別①當(dāng)兩者譯為：認(rèn)為、想起、記著時(shí)，兩者可互用Ioftenthinkabout/ofthatday.我經(jīng)常想起那天。②thinkabout還有“考慮”之意，thinkof想到、想出時(shí)兩者不能互用Atlast,hethoughtofagoodidea.最后他想出了一個(gè)好主意。WearethinkingaboutgoingQinzhou.我們正在考慮去欽州。31.對(duì)…熱衷，對(duì)…興趣beseriousaboutdoing如：Sheisseriousaboutdancing.她對(duì)跳舞熱衷。beseriousaboutsth.如：Sheisseriousabouthim.她對(duì)他感興趣。32.practicedoing練習(xí)做某事SheoftenpracticespeakingEnglish.33.careaboutsb.關(guān)心某人如：Motheroftencareaboutherson.34.also也用于句中either也用于否定句且用于句末too=aswell也用于肯定句且用于句末Iamalsoastudent.我也是一個(gè)學(xué)生Iamastudenttoo.我也是一個(gè)學(xué)生。Iamnotastudenteither.我也不是一個(gè)學(xué)生。35.allowsbtodosth允許某人做…allowdoingsth允許做…36.stupidsillyfoolish三個(gè)詞都有“蠢”的意思.但略有不同.stupid程度最強(qiáng),指智力理解力學(xué)習(xí)能力差.silly指頭腦簡單,傻頭傻腦,使人覺得可笑,帶有感情色彩.foolish尤其在口語中廣泛使用.例:Heisstupidinlearningmath.他學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)很笨.Stopaskingsuchsillyquestions.別再問這樣傻的問題了.Youarefoolishtothrowawaysuchagoodchance.你真蠢,丟掉這樣一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì).37.Hedoesn’tseemtohavemanyfriends.=Itseemsthathedoesn’thavemanyfriends.=Heseemsnottohavemanyfriends.38.clean(v.)打掃,清理cleanup比較徹底地打掃,清理cleanout打掃,清理地最徹底.39.concentrateon…全神貫注做…例:Hedecidedtoconcentrateonphysicsbecausehefailedtheexam.ThiscompanyconcentratesonChinamarket.這家公司把重點(diǎn)放在中國市場上.40.more…than…①與其說…不如說…;比…更…例:Themanismorestupidthannervous.與其說那人緊張,倒不如說他愚蠢.②在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,more做adj.修飾名詞,表示“比…多”例:Ihavemorebooksthanyou.我的書比你的多.41.volunteer①n.自愿者.②v.volunteertodosth.自愿做…例:Weallvolunteeredtohelpintheoldpeople’shome.我們都志愿到敬老院幫忙.42.getintheway(of)...妨礙...例:Henevergetsinothers’way.他從不妨礙別人.Thebikesovertherewillgetinthewayofothers.自行車放在那里會(huì)妨礙別人的.43.success(n.)successful(adj.)succeed(v.)44.only處于句首,并后跟狀語時(shí),全句需要倒裝.例:Onlythendidheunderstandit.只有到那時(shí),他才明白.OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.只有這樣我們才能把英語學(xué)好.Onlywhenshecamehome,didhelearnthenews.當(dāng)她到家時(shí),他才得知了這消息.45.careabout關(guān)心,在乎,在意.例:Noonecaresaboutothersnowadays.現(xiàn)在沒人關(guān)心別人.Idon’tcareaboutwhathedoes.我并不在意他干什么.二、短語1.beallowedtodosth被允許干…allowsbtodosth允許某人干…allowdoingsth允許干…2.sixteen-year-olds=sixteen-year-oldboysandgirls16歲的孩子3.part-timejobs兼職工作4.adriver’slicense駕照5.onweekends在周末6.atthatage在那個(gè)年齡段7.onschoolnights在上學(xué)期間的每個(gè)晚上8.stayup熬夜9.cleanup(相當(dāng)與及物動(dòng)詞)清掃10.fail(in)atest考試不及格11.takethetest參加考試12.theotherday前幾天13.allmyclassmates我所有的同學(xué)14.concentrateon全神貫注于15.begoodfor對(duì)…有益16.ingroups成群的,按組的17.getnoisy吵鬧(系表結(jié)構(gòu))18.learnfrom向某人學(xué)習(xí)19.atpresent目前,現(xiàn)在20.haveanopportunitytodosth有做…的機(jī)會(huì)21.English-Englishdictionary英英詞典22.atleast至少23.eighthours’sleepanight每晚8小時(shí)的睡眠24.anoldpeople’shome敬老院25.taketimetodosth花費(fèi)時(shí)間干…26.primaryschools小學(xué)27.have…off放假,休息28.replyto回答,答復(fù)29.getinthewayof妨礙30.aprofessionalathlete職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員31.achieveone’sdreams實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想32.thinkabout思考,考慮33.intheend最后,終于34.beseriousabout對(duì)…熱忠/極感興趣35.spend…on+n.spend…(in)+v-ing在…上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢36.careabout關(guān)心,擔(dān)心,在乎37.agreewith同意…三.句子1.Idon’tthinktwelve-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtogettheirearspierced.我認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該允許12歲的孩子穿耳孔.2.Theytalkinsteadofdoinghomework.他們聊天而不是做作業(yè).3.Heisallowedtostayupuntil11:00pm.允許他們熬到晚上11點(diǎn).4.Weshouldbeallowedtotaketimetodothingslikethatmoreoften.我們應(yīng)該被允許更加經(jīng)常的花些時(shí)間多做這類事情.5.Whatschoolrulesdoyouthinkshouldbechanged?你認(rèn)為學(xué)校的哪些制度應(yīng)該改一改了?6.Thetwopairsofjeansbothlookgoodonme.這兩條牛仔褲穿在我身上都適合.7.Theclassroomisarealmess.教室太臟了.8.ShouldIbeallowedtomakemyowndecisions?9.OnlythenwillIhaveachanceofachievingmydream.只有這樣我才能實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢想.10.Theyshouldbeallowedtopracticetheirhobbiesasmuchastheywant.應(yīng)該允許他們對(duì)業(yè)余愛好想練多長時(shí)間就練多長時(shí)間.11.Wehavenothingagainstrunning.我們沒有理由反對(duì)他跑步.

Unit4一、知識(shí)點(diǎn)1.if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)性條件狀語從句即虛擬語氣通過動(dòng)詞形式的變化來表示說話人對(duì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)所持的態(tài)度或看法的動(dòng)詞形式稱為語氣，虛擬語氣表示說話人所說的話不是事實(shí)，而是一種祝愿，建議或是與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)等。If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句分為真實(shí)和非真實(shí)條件句，非真實(shí)條件句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣。如果要表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦?shí)相反時(shí)，其虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)為：句型條件從句主句謂語動(dòng)詞形式動(dòng)詞過去式(be動(dòng)詞一律用were)would+動(dòng)詞原形即：(從句)if+主語+動(dòng)詞過去式(be動(dòng)詞用were),一般過去時(shí)(主句)主語+would+動(dòng)詞原形過去將來時(shí)如：IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.如果我有時(shí)間，我就會(huì)去散步。(事實(shí)上我現(xiàn)在沒有時(shí)間)IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.假如我是你的話，我會(huì)帶上雨傘。(事實(shí)上我不是你)Iwouldsaynoifsomeoneaskedmetobeinamovie.假如有人請(qǐng)我當(dāng)電影演員，我會(huì)表示拒絕。(事實(shí)上瑞沒有人請(qǐng)我當(dāng)電影演員)2.pretendtodosth.假裝做某事Ipretendedtosleepjustnow.pretendtobedoingsth.假裝正在干某事Thestudentspretendedtobewritingwhentheteachercamein.pretend+從句假裝…IpretendedthatIfellasleep.3.belatefor遲到如：Iamlateforwork/school/class/party.4.afew與alittle的區(qū)別，few與little的區(qū)別⑴afew一些修飾可數(shù)名詞alittle一些修飾不可數(shù)名詞兩者表肯定意義如：Hehasafewfriends.他有一些朋友。Thereisalittlesugarinthebottle.在瓶子里有一些糖。⑵few少數(shù)的修飾可數(shù)名詞little少數(shù)的修飾不可數(shù)名詞但兩者表否定意義如：Hehasfewfriends.他沒有幾個(gè)朋友。Thereislittlesugarinthebottle.在瓶子里沒有多少糖。5.hundred,thousand,million,billion(十億)詞前面有數(shù)詞或several一詞時(shí)要不能加s，反之，則要加s并與of連用，表示數(shù)量很多如：severalhundred/thousand/million/billionpeople幾百/千/百萬/十億人hundredsoftrees上百棵樹8.whatif+從句如果…怎么辦，要是…又怎么樣如：Whatifshedoesn’tcome?要是她不來怎么辦？WhatifLiLeiknows?如果李雷知道了怎么辦？9.addsth.tosth.添加…到…如：Iaddedsomesugartowater.我把糖添加到水里。10.系動(dòng)詞與形容詞連用getnervous變得緊張feelshy覺得害羞lookfriendly看起來友好11.too+形/副+todosth.太…而不能如：I’mtootiredtostand.我太累了而不能站。12.helpwithsth.如：Theyhelpwiththisproblem.helpsb.do.如：Theyhelpyourelax.他們幫助你放松13.inpublic在公共場所如:Don’tsmokeinpublic.請(qǐng)不要在公共場所吸煙。14.energeticadj.活力的如：Sheisaenergeticgirl.她是一個(gè)活力的女孩。energyn.活力如：Shehaslotsofenergies.她有活力。15.asksb.todo叫…做某事asksb.nottodosth.叫…不要做某事tellsb.todo告訴…做某事tellsb.nottodosth.告訴…不要做某事如：Teacheraskedmetocleantheclassroom.Teacheraskedmenottocleantheclassroom.16.startdoing==starttodo.開始做某事如：Hestartedspeaking/tospeak.他開始說話。17.borrowsth.fromsb.從某人那里借來某物如：IborrowedabookfromLily.我從莉莉那里借來一本書。18.waitforsb.等某人如：Iamwaitforhim.我正在等他。19.introducesb.tosb.把某人介紹給某人如：IintroducedLilytoAnna.我把莉莉介紹給安娜。20.invitesb.todo邀請(qǐng)某人做某事如：Lilyinvitedmetogotoherhomeforsupper.莉莉邀請(qǐng)我去她家吃晚飯。21.havedinner/supper吃晚飯havelunch/breakfast吃午餐、吃早餐22.plentyof修飾不可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞許多如：Theyhaveplentyoffood/apples.他們有許多的食物/蘋果。23.給某人某物givesth.tosb.如：giveanappletomegivesb.sth.givemeanapple給我一個(gè)蘋果24.getalong(with)=geton(with)①進(jìn)行，進(jìn)展Thebusinessisgettingalongverywell.生意進(jìn)展的很順利。HowareyougettingalongwithyourEnglishstudy?你的英語學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)展的怎么樣了？②相處Doyougetalongwithyourboss?=Doyouandyourbossgetalong?你跟老板合得來嗎？I’mgettingalongverywellwithmyclassmates.我和同學(xué)們相處得很好。25.wouldrather…than…（=would…ratherthan）寧愿，而不愿。前后連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形，否定形式為：wouldrathernotdosth①wouldrather…than…=prefer…to…但prefer…to…若連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為v-ing形式。Hewouldratherjogthanplayfootball.=Heprefersjoggingtoplayingfootball.②wouldrather常單獨(dú)使用，表示“寧愿做…”HewouldratherwatchTVathome.③ratherthan=insteadof而不