專題5七選五專題突破導(dǎo)學(xué)案-高三英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)

2024年新高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)【突破專案】專題1閱讀理解之七選五【七選五專題突破】1.題型回顧2.近年高考考情3.實(shí)用解題妙招4.高考真題再練5.名校好題強(qiáng)化【直擊高考】【學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)】高考英語(yǔ)七選五題型常見設(shè)空位置有_____________、_____________、_____________、__________。你所采用的七選五的解題方法有哪些？七選五丟分原因（知識(shí)/技能）：______________B.________________C.________________【近年高考考情】卷別體裁話題命題角度段首/小標(biāo)題段中段末主旨概括過(guò)渡銜接細(xì)節(jié)支撐2023新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷說(shuō)明文自我寬恕411222023新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷說(shuō)明文藝術(shù)之旅的好建議1311222023全國(guó)甲卷說(shuō)明文變得耐心的一些方法2023全國(guó)乙卷說(shuō)明文種植室內(nèi)植物321222022年新高考Ⅰ卷說(shuō)明文如何找到一個(gè)一起鍛煉的伙伴411132022年新高考Ⅱ卷說(shuō)明文寫文章的技巧141222022年全國(guó)甲卷說(shuō)明文外出就餐時(shí)要知道的一些重要事情2022年全國(guó)乙卷應(yīng)用文五種維系異地友誼的方法3112122021年新高考Ⅰ卷記敘文巴黎居住的感受141312021年新高考Ⅱ卷說(shuō)明文幫助提高閱讀速度的建議1221222021年全國(guó)甲卷說(shuō)明文舊衣服的分類和處理2021年全國(guó)乙卷說(shuō)明文使自己在宴會(huì)上變得有趣2211222020·全國(guó)卷I說(shuō)明文自我接納的小技巧2020·全國(guó)卷II說(shuō)明文表情符號(hào)以及在工作交流所帶來(lái)的優(yōu)勢(shì)2020·全國(guó)卷III說(shuō)明文喬遷聚會(huì)的目的，禮物的選取，活動(dòng)安排和名稱的由來(lái)。2019·全國(guó)卷I說(shuō)明文新鮮空氣的好處。2019·全國(guó)卷II說(shuō)明文怎樣設(shè)定具體目標(biāo)的一些方法2019·全國(guó)卷III說(shuō)明文在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂上，如何與教授建立健康的交流模式【實(shí)用解題妙招】 利用設(shè)空位置、選項(xiàng)句子特點(diǎn)，快解閱讀七選五依據(jù)詞匯線索，巧解閱讀七選五依據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系，化解閱讀七選五一依據(jù)設(shè)空位置、句子特點(diǎn)線索典例（2023·新高考I卷37題）...Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”37Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworldchanging,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”O(jiān)nthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday....A.Alittleselfforgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”(在日記或紙上寫上“個(gè)人優(yōu)點(diǎn)”)”以及空后內(nèi)容“Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworldchanging,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.(你有愛心嗎？有創(chuàng)造力嗎？你慷慨嗎？是一個(gè)好的傾聽者？與人相處很有趣嗎？它們不一定要改變世界，只要你個(gè)性中讓你感到自豪的方面就行)”可知，空處指的是列出一些你個(gè)性中的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B“Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.(現(xiàn)在列出所有你喜歡的自己身上的特點(diǎn))”符合上下文內(nèi)容，下文內(nèi)容具體解釋那些是優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選B。典例（2022·新高考I卷36題）FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”O(jiān)nereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”whileanotherread:“___36___”Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle(微妙)petition.A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.根據(jù)前文“FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”O(jiān)nereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”(《健身雜志》最近刊登了一篇題為《感謝健身伙伴的五個(gè)理由》的文章。一個(gè)理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就會(huì)去鍛煉?！?”可知，這里陳述另一個(gè)和別人一起鍛煉的理由。所以選擇項(xiàng)C“You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.(如果你和別人一起訓(xùn)練，你會(huì)更努力。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選C。典例（2021·新高考Ⅱ卷16題）Iftheonlyreadingyoueverdoisthenovelormagazine,thespeedatwhichyoureadprobablydoesnotmatterverymuch.Butifyouhavetoreadagreatdealforstudy,youwillappreciatethebenefitsofbeingabletoreadmorequickly.____16____A.Stoptohavearestnowandthen.B.Spendafewminuteslookingthroughthebook.C.Thisdependsonthetypeofbookyouarereading.D.Herearesometipstohelpimproveyourreadingspeed.E.Makeanoteofanypagewhichisofspecialimportance.F.Youmayfindyourselfhavingtolearnsomethingbyheart.G.Keeptheroomcoolratherthanwarmtoavoidfeelingsleepy.根據(jù)上文“Iftheonlyreadingyoueverdoisthenovelormagazine,thespeedatwhichyoureadprobablydoesnotmatterverymuch.Butifyouhavetoreadagreatdealforstudy,youwillappreciatethebenefitsofbeingabletoreadmorequickly.（如果你唯一的閱讀是小說(shuō)或雜志，那么你閱讀的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必須大量閱讀來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)，你就會(huì)感激能夠更快地閱讀的好處。）”可知，接下來(lái)要介紹提高閱讀速度的方法。D項(xiàng)：Herearesometipstohelpimproveyourreadingspeed.（這里有一些幫助提高閱讀速度的建議。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。典例（2022·全國(guó)乙卷39題）·Practiseempathy(共情)___38___.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.·___39___Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlongdistancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymightmakedaytodaymunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends’birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.A.RememberimportantdatesB.pensatebywritinglettersC.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofmunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind【38題詳解】下文“Thefriendwhoisremaining”（留下來(lái)的朋友）和“Theoneinthenewenvironment”（在新環(huán)境中的那個(gè)）提到朋友的兩個(gè)不同處境，G項(xiàng)“你可能是朋友中離開的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了異地友誼中分為離開的一方和留下的一方，其中“thefriendwholeft”和“theonewhowasleftbehind”分別對(duì)應(yīng)下文“Theoneinthenewenvironment”和“Thefriendwhoisremaining”，所以G項(xiàng)符合題意。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處的內(nèi)容是維系異地友誼的第四個(gè)方法，是第五段的小標(biāo)題。下文“Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlongdistancefriendships.”（周年紀(jì)念日和生日對(duì)于異地友誼而言是非常重要的。）講的是諸如周年紀(jì)念日和生日等重要的日子對(duì)于維系異地友誼是非常重要的，由此推知，這段對(duì)應(yīng)的維系異地友誼的方法是A項(xiàng)“記得重要的日子”，所以A項(xiàng)符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。小結(jié)：看設(shè)空位置定“句形”。1.小標(biāo)題處設(shè)空，所選句子與其他小標(biāo)題形式一致；2.列舉要點(diǎn)的文章，第一段末尾設(shè)空常選____________開頭的句子；3.段首題常選_________句，概括段落中心，或者承上啟下；4.注意排比句二依據(jù)詞匯線索技巧1代詞指代（2023·新高考I卷39題）Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.39Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostselfconfidenceatanytime.A.Alittleselfforgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.(這樣，你們就可以交換意見，談?wù)勈鞘裁醋屇銈兠總€(gè)人都與眾不同，以及你們個(gè)性中閃光的方面)”可知，空處提到了某種方式，這種方式會(huì)使得你和朋友們一起交換意見等。選項(xiàng)C“Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.(他們甚至可能想試一試做練習(xí))”符合語(yǔ)境，C項(xiàng)中的“they”與空前的“Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.(你可以讓朋友或家人幫你增加你的列表內(nèi)容。)”中的“afriendorfamilymember”保持一致，同時(shí)選項(xiàng)C和下文“Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostselfconfidenceatanytime.(事實(shí)上，不要等到你犯了錯(cuò)誤才去嘗試這個(gè)——這是一個(gè)在任何時(shí)候都能增強(qiáng)自信的好方法)”中的“this”一致。故選C。（2023·全國(guó)甲卷17題）●Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.___17___.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterselfcontrol,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheunfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyunfortable,notintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience根據(jù)上文“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.(感恩有很多好處：研究表明，感恩讓我們更快樂(lè)，壓力更小，甚至更樂(lè)觀)”以及后文““Showingthankfulnesscanfosterselfcontrol,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.(加州大學(xué)的研究員葉麗說(shuō)：“表達(dá)感激可以培養(yǎng)自我控制能力?！?”可知，上文提到了感恩的諸多好處，可知本句繼續(xù)說(shuō)明感恩的好處：它還可以幫助我們練習(xí)更多的耐心。E選項(xiàng)中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E選項(xiàng)“它還可以幫助我們練習(xí)更多的耐心”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。小結(jié)：英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中的代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用是指代前面提及的________或__________概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的__________差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。技巧2同義詞/近義詞（2023·新高考I卷40題）It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.40We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.A.Alittleselfforgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.(大多數(shù)人不是從他們的成功中學(xué)習(xí)，而是從他們的錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)，這是陳詞濫調(diào)。但事實(shí)是，這是真的)”可知，作者認(rèn)為人是從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)。選項(xiàng)G“Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.(不管你犯了什么錯(cuò)誤，記住這不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合語(yǔ)境，G項(xiàng)中的“isn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality”和空后內(nèi)容“We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.(我們一直在改變和學(xué)習(xí)，錯(cuò)誤是一種積極的發(fā)展和成長(zhǎng)的方式)”保持一致，指的都是犯錯(cuò)并不是性格中固有的一面，我們是通過(guò)錯(cuò)誤來(lái)成長(zhǎng)。故選G。（2023新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷18題）Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.___18___Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Weletotheclub；we’veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.A.Getoutofyourfortzone.B.Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C.Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D.Shareyourworkifyoufeelfortabledoingso.E.You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F.Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G.You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlyeswithrepetition.分析設(shè)空處，空處位于第二句，此處應(yīng)是對(duì)前一句的進(jìn)一步解釋，并同時(shí)引出后文，根據(jù)前文“Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.(不斷挑戰(zhàn)自己，嘗試新事物)”以及后文“Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.(藝術(shù)的成長(zhǎng)可能會(huì)有點(diǎn)痛苦)”可知，A項(xiàng)“Getoutofyourfortzone.(走出你的舒適區(qū))”是對(duì)前句的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，和后文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。小結(jié)：英語(yǔ)前言后語(yǔ)之間往往有___________、____________、____________的重復(fù)使用，這是我們解題的一個(gè)很好的判斷線索。技巧3同疇詞（2022年全國(guó)乙卷36.39.40題）...·SetaregulardateLonglastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact(聯(lián)系)andsharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.___36___....·___39___Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlongdistancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymightmakedaytodaymunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends’birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.·Don’trelyontechnologyalone___40___,butlongdistancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendfacetofacetimetogetherwheneverpossible.A.RememberimportantdatesB.pensatebywritinglettersC.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofmunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind【36題詳解】上文“Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.”（平日繁忙，很難抽出時(shí)間打。）講的是雙方都很忙碌，很難有時(shí)間給對(duì)方打，D項(xiàng)“盡量找個(gè)雙方都有空的時(shí)間去打，并堅(jiān)持下去”給出了解決沒(méi)時(shí)間打這個(gè)問(wèn)題的方法，符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處的內(nèi)容是維系異地友誼的第四個(gè)方法，是第五段的小標(biāo)題。下文“Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlongdistancefriendships.”（周年紀(jì)念日和生日對(duì)于異地友誼而言是非常重要的。）講的是諸如周年紀(jì)念日和生日等重要的日子對(duì)于維系異地友誼是非常重要的，由此推知，這段對(duì)應(yīng)的維系異地友誼的方法是A項(xiàng)“記得重要的日子”，所以A項(xiàng)符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】設(shè)空處所在句子的后半句“butlongdistancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.”（但是異地友誼——甚至是關(guān)系親密的友誼——可能需要更加自覺地去維系。）講的是我們要更加自覺地維系異地友誼，其中“but”說(shuō)明后半句與設(shè)空處形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而F項(xiàng)“朋友之間很容易通過(guò)社交媒體產(chǎn)生一種聯(lián)結(jié)感”講的是可以通過(guò)社交媒體這種方式很容易與朋友產(chǎn)生聯(lián)結(jié)，與后半句“requiremoreconsciousefforttosustain”形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而且其中的“socialmedia”呼應(yīng)了該段的小標(biāo)題“Don’trelyontechnologyalone”（不要僅僅依賴技術(shù)）中的“technology”。故選F項(xiàng)。小結(jié)：上下義詞和同一范疇詞就是前者_(dá)________了后者，或可以說(shuō)后者是前者的一個(gè)子集。利用前后句中這樣的特殊的同義關(guān)系常常可以很輕松地解題技巧4詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)（2023·新高考I卷40題）It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.40We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.A.Alittleselfforgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.(大多數(shù)人不是從他們的成功中學(xué)習(xí)，而是從他們的錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)，這是陳詞濫調(diào)。但事實(shí)是，這是真的)”可知，作者認(rèn)為人是從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)。選項(xiàng)G“Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.(不管你犯了什么錯(cuò)誤，記住這不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合語(yǔ)境，G項(xiàng)中的“isn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality”和空后內(nèi)容“We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.(我們一直在改變和學(xué)習(xí)，錯(cuò)誤是一種積極的發(fā)展和成長(zhǎng)的方式)”保持一致，指的都是犯錯(cuò)并不是性格中固有的一面，我們是通過(guò)錯(cuò)誤來(lái)成長(zhǎng)。故選G。（2023全國(guó)甲卷19.20題）●___19___.Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,“___20___.”You’llthengraduallybeemorepatient.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheunfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyunfortable,notintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience【19題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.(我們中的許多人都認(rèn)為舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，當(dāng)我們經(jīng)歷舒適區(qū)之外的事情時(shí)，我們會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，結(jié)合前文的小標(biāo)題都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨與接受不舒適相關(guān)，C選項(xiàng)中unfortable對(duì)應(yīng)后文fortable。故C選項(xiàng)“接受不舒服”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself(你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)自己說(shuō)……)”以及后文“You’llthengraduallybeemorepatient.(然后你會(huì)逐漸變得更有耐心)”結(jié)合本段主要說(shuō)明的是不舒服的狀態(tài)，可知，本句為對(duì)自己所說(shuō)的話與接受不舒服相關(guān)，故F選項(xiàng)“這僅僅是不舒服，而不是無(wú)法忍受”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。（2022·新高考I卷39.40題）...Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.39Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbeemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.【39題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.(我的搭檔把她的要求貼在了當(dāng)?shù)毓珗@的布告欄上。她的注意事項(xiàng)包括她想要做什么樣的鍛煉，每周多少天，每次培訓(xùn)要花多少小時(shí)，以及她的年齡。它還列出了她最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)和活動(dòng)，并提供了她的號(hào)碼。)”可知，本段作者以自己的鍛煉伙伴為例，說(shuō)明尋找鍛煉伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以選擇項(xiàng)G“Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.(任何鍛煉伙伴的布告都應(yīng)包括這些信息。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.(你和你的伴侶可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefityourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbeemorephysicallyfit.(久而久之，你們雙方都會(huì)受益——你的伴侶會(huì)舉起更多的重量，你也會(huì)變得更健康。)”可知，要學(xué)會(huì)求同存異，一起合作，共同提高。所以選擇項(xiàng)F“Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.(接受你們的不同，學(xué)會(huì)彼此合作。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選F。小結(jié)：作者或說(shuō)話人在談?wù)撃硞€(gè)話題或主題時(shí)，與主題相關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)必定會(huì)以原詞、同義詞或近義詞等形式在上下文中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，這種現(xiàn)象叫詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)。同一個(gè)詞的重復(fù)出現(xiàn)叫原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)；以同義詞的形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，叫同義復(fù)現(xiàn)；以近義詞或近義表達(dá)(意思相近，表達(dá)方式不同)的形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，叫近義復(fù)現(xiàn)；以詞義相同而詞性不同的形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，叫同根復(fù)現(xiàn)。還有上義詞與下義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)(adult是teacher,parent的上義詞，而teacher,parent就是adult的下義詞)。三依據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系因果關(guān)系（2021·新高考I卷36題）MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixthfloorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcasesinthehallway.A.Notallthecustomersaretourists.B.ThequalityoflifeinFranceisequallyexcellent.C.Therewasanicekitchenandafortablebed.D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E.That’snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon’tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.考查段中空。解題語(yǔ)句：前后句。分析題目可知，空后的So表明該空與空后句為因果邏輯關(guān)系，又根據(jù)空前句作者夫婦在法國(guó)度過(guò)了一周，可知，他們的目的是想體驗(yàn)法國(guó)當(dāng)?shù)厝说纳睿运麄冏饬艘婚g公寓。故選F。在做題時(shí)最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，明白這幾句話的確切意思，然后根據(jù)意思的連貫性或邏輯性從選項(xiàng)中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎(chǔ)上，判斷它們之間的關(guān)系來(lái)進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)答案。因果關(guān)系主要指前后的句子有著原因和結(jié)果之間的關(guān)系，這種關(guān)系往往說(shuō)明了前因后果或者前果后因等情況。表示因果關(guān)系的連詞有asaresult結(jié)果，thus/therefore因此，so(such)...如此……以至于等。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系（2021年1月八省聯(lián)考16題）Apps(shortforapplications)arebeingincreasinglypopularnowadays,andforgoodreason.Theycanhelpyououtinjustabouteveryareaofyourlife,whetherit'skeepingfit,municatingwithfriends,orevenlearningalanguage.____16____Here'swhatyoushouldthinkaboutbeforedownloadinganappforlanguagelearning.A.Iremendit.B.Rememberthatanappisjustatool.C.No,Idon'tmeanpostingyourprogressonline.D.Iencourageyoutouseappsasoftenasyoucan.E.Probablynot,sowhydosoinyournewlanguage?F.Thebestappsadaptthemselvesbaseduponyourbehavior.G.However,youneedtoknowhowtousethemproperlytoreallybenefit.根據(jù)上文“Apps(shortforapplications)arebeingincreasinglypopularnowadays,andforgoodreason.Theycanhelpyououtinjustabouteveryareaofyourlife,whetherit’skeepingfit,municatingwithfriends,orevenlearningalanguage.(如今，應(yīng)用程序正變得越來(lái)越流行，這是有原因的。他們可以在你生活的方方面面幫助你，無(wú)論是保持健康，與朋友交流，甚至是學(xué)習(xí)一門語(yǔ)言)”以及后文“Here'swhatyoushouldthinkaboutbeforedownloadinganappforlanguagelearning.(以下是你在一款語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用程序之前應(yīng)該考慮的事情)”可知，上文提到了應(yīng)用程序的好處，后文則提到在之前應(yīng)該考慮一些事情，故本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，說(shuō)明需要知道如何正確使用應(yīng)用程序才能真正受益。G選項(xiàng)中them指代上文Apps。故G選項(xiàng)“然而，你需要知道如何正確地使用它們才能真正受益”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系主要指英語(yǔ)行文中后句對(duì)前句構(gòu)成逆轉(zhuǎn)邏輯關(guān)系。如果空格前后兩句話之間是邏輯上的逆轉(zhuǎn)，則空格處很有可能是個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯的句子。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連接詞有：however然而等。例證關(guān)系（2023全國(guó)甲卷16題）TricksToBeingAPatientPersonHere’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveinmon?There’soneanswer.___16___.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheunfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyunfortable,notintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience根據(jù)上文“Here’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveinmon?There’soneanswer.(這里有一個(gè)謎語(yǔ)：交通堵塞、排長(zhǎng)隊(duì)和等待假期開始有什么共同之處？答案只有一個(gè))”可知，本句說(shuō)明上文謎語(yǔ)答案，結(jié)合“交通堵塞、排長(zhǎng)隊(duì)和等待假期”這些情況可知都需要耐心。故G選項(xiàng)“在這些情況下，我們都需要一點(diǎn)額外的耐心”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。前后句的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式多樣，但就其本質(zhì)而言無(wú)非是思維上的形象（例子、類比等）和抽象（觀點(diǎn)）的辯證關(guān)系，用到的思維過(guò)程無(wú)非就是基本的歸納（從例子到觀點(diǎn)）和推理（從觀點(diǎn)到例子）。遞進(jìn)關(guān)系（2023全國(guó)甲卷17題）...●Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.___17___.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterselfcontrol,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheunfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyunfortable,notintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience根據(jù)上文“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.(感恩有很多好處：研究表明，感恩讓我們更快樂(lè)，壓力更小，甚至更樂(lè)觀)”以及后文““Showingthankfulnesscanfosterselfcontrol,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.(加州大學(xué)的研究員葉麗說(shuō)：“表達(dá)感激可以培養(yǎng)自我控制能力?！?”可知，上文提到了感恩的諸多好處，可知本句繼續(xù)說(shuō)明感恩的好處：它還可以幫助我們練習(xí)更多的耐心。E選項(xiàng)中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E選項(xiàng)“它還可以幫助我們練習(xí)更多的耐心”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。遞進(jìn)關(guān)系主要指英語(yǔ)行文中后句對(duì)前句是一種順承邏輯關(guān)系。如果空格前后兩句話之間是邏輯上的層進(jìn)關(guān)系，則空格處很有可能是個(gè)遞進(jìn)的句子。表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的連詞有：also也,而且,further另外(的),furthermore而且，此外等。平列關(guān)系（2022年新高考Ⅱ卷16題）Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However,theprocesscanbemadeeasierifyoulearntopracticethreesimpletechniques.___16___Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaperThenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect....Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple—spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision.A.Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B.Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C.Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D.Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E.Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F.Manybeginningwritersdon’tleaveenoughspacetorevise.G.Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriplespace.空格處是本段的主題句，由空后的“Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.(當(dāng)你第一次想寫一篇文章的時(shí)候，把筆放在紙上，不間斷地寫10到15分鐘，不要讓筆離開紙。)”可知，本段主要講的是要學(xué)會(huì)不間斷地寫，D選項(xiàng)“Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.(首先，學(xué)習(xí)不間斷寫作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要內(nèi)容，可作為主題句，故選D。常見邏輯關(guān)系表示列舉關(guān)系的有：firstly第一,首先secondly第二,thirdly第三inthefirstplace第一，首先f(wàn)oronething首先等。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞如however,but,although,though,while,instead,等表示因果關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞如so,therefore,hence,consequently,then,thus等表示解釋關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞如inotherwords，infact,forexample,actually等表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞如also,besides,inadditionto,whatismore,inaddition,等表示比較關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞如similarly,like,likewise,inthesameway,equally等表示對(duì)照關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞如onthecontrary,bycontrast,ontheotherhand等表示總結(jié)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞如sofar,altogether,overall,inshort,tosumup等【高考真題再練】 【名校好題強(qiáng)化】二輪復(fù)習(xí)新坐標(biāo)針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練（一）【學(xué)生用書P117】+（二）【學(xué)生用書121】真題專區(qū)：練真題，明方向；練技巧，提能力；練速度，提分?jǐn)?shù)！01（2023·新高考I卷）PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯(cuò))ishuman.36Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”37Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworldchanging,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”O(jiān)nthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.38Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.39Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostselfconfidenceatanytime.It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.40We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.A.Alittleselfforgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.【答案】16.D17.B18.F19.C20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章鼓勵(lì)人們練習(xí)自我寬恕，并提供了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的寫作練習(xí)來(lái)增強(qiáng)自信。通過(guò)列出個(gè)人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和善良的行為，人們可以學(xué)會(huì)原諒自己的錯(cuò)誤，并從中成長(zhǎng)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Takingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯(cuò))ishuman.(為錯(cuò)誤承擔(dān)責(zé)任是積極的一步，但不要因此而自責(zé)。人孰能無(wú)過(guò))”可知，作者認(rèn)為人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)，勇于承擔(dān)責(zé)任固然重要，但是也不要因此而過(guò)于自責(zé)。結(jié)合空后“Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.(你可以使用下面的寫作練習(xí)來(lái)幫助你做到這一點(diǎn))”中的“dothis”以及下文內(nèi)容可推斷，空處應(yīng)該內(nèi)容和“不要太自責(zé)”相似。選項(xiàng)D“It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.(寬恕自己也同樣重要)”與“不要太自責(zé)”語(yǔ)意相近，起承上啟下的作用。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”(在日記或紙上寫上“個(gè)人優(yōu)點(diǎn)”)”以及空后內(nèi)容“Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworldchanging,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.(你有愛心嗎？有創(chuàng)造力嗎？你慷慨嗎？是一個(gè)好的傾聽者？與人相處很有趣嗎？它們不一定要改變世界，只要你個(gè)性中讓你感到自豪的方面就行)”可知，空處指的是列出一些你個(gè)性中的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B“Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.(現(xiàn)在列出所有你喜歡的自己身上的特點(diǎn))”符合上下文內(nèi)容，下文內(nèi)容具體解釋那些是優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”O(jiān)nthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.(在第二頁(yè)的頂部，寫上“善舉”的標(biāo)題。在這張單子上，列出你為別人做過(guò)的所有積極的事情。它可能是當(dāng)你幫助朋友做作業(yè)的時(shí)候，當(dāng)你沒(méi)有被要求卻主動(dòng)熨衣服的時(shí)候，或者當(dāng)你在家人累了一天之后烤餅干的時(shí)候)”可知，本段主要講述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。選項(xiàng)F“Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.(不管是什么，不管它看起來(lái)有多小，都要把它寫下來(lái))”與上文內(nèi)容一致，講述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都記下來(lái)。故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.(這樣，你們就可以交換意見，談?wù)勈鞘裁醋屇銈兠總€(gè)人都與眾不同，以及你們個(gè)性中閃光的方面)”可知，空處提到了某種方式，這種方式會(huì)使得你和朋友們一起交換意見等。選項(xiàng)C“Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.(他們甚至可能想試一試做練習(xí))”符合語(yǔ)境，C項(xiàng)中的“they”與空前的“Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.(你可以讓朋友或家人幫你增加你的列表內(nèi)容。)”中的“afriendorfamilymember”保持一致，同時(shí)選項(xiàng)C和下文“Inf