英語(yǔ)二歷年真題2020年8月-試卷(附答案)

PAGE1。2020年8月全國(guó)高等教育自學(xué)考試試題(附答案)英語(yǔ)（二）試卷（課程代碼00015）一、閱讀判斷（第1~10題，每題1分，共10分）BicycleCommuting Imaynotbeamoviestar,best-sellingauthor,ormillionairewhenIgrowup,butonethingIwillbeknownfor,atleastlocally,iscommutingbybicycle.It’ssadtoseehowfewdo–eventhoughmanycould.Lotsofpeopleeagerlycampaignforthereductionofgreenhousegases,butbydrivingcars,they’restillcontributingtotheproblem. Youmightbepicturingmeasanextremeenvironmentalist(環(huán)保主義者),butI’mnotoneofthoseteenagerswhowearshirtsthatsay“Helpsavetheworld:Recycle.”Actually,myinterestinexercise,health,andfitnessledmetocycling. Cyclingcanhelpyouloseweight,improveyourhealth,andpreventmanydiseases.Cyclingalsocarriesarelativelowchanceofinjury. Whilebeinggoodforyourbody,bicyclecommutingisalsoagreatwaytocutgreenhousegases.Manyenvironmentalistsrecycle,planttrees,anddrivehybridcars(混合動(dòng)力汽車),butbicyclecommutingcouldbeevenmoreeffectivethanallofthosecombined.Youcouldcutdowntheamountofgreenhousegasesjustbycommutingbybicycleafewtimesaweek. Bicyclecommutingsavesmoneytoo.Whenyoubuyyourbicycleandthethingsthatusuallygowithit,youmightbeshockedbythecost.Butifyouthinkabouttheincreasinglyhighgasprices,youwillknowforsurethatyoucansaveasignificantamounteachyearbynotdrivingacar. Youmightthinkthatyoudon’thavetimeforbicyclecommuting.Actually,youprobablydo.YoucouldcutbackonyourTVtimeandpickupthisactivity.Ithelpsyoucarefortheenvironment,savemoney,andmostimportantlygetfit.1.Iwillwriteabest-sellingbookoncycling.A.True B.False C.NotGiven2.Manylocalpeoplecommutebybicycle.A.True B.False C.NotGiven3.Iamdevotedtoenvironmentalprotection.A.True B.False C.NotGiven4.Istartedcyclingtoimprovemyhealth.A.True B.False C.NotGiven5.Peoplearelesslikelytogetinjuredwhilecycling.A.True B.False C.NotGiven6.Peopledrivetoworkforconvenience.A.True B.False C.NotGiven7.Bicyclecommutingcouldbemoreeffectiveinreducinggreenhousegases.A.True B.False C.NotGiven8.Peopleareinagoodmoodwhilecycling.A.True B.False C.NotGiven9.Gaspriceskeepgoingup.A.True B.False C.NotGiven10.Bikesareinexpensivetomostpeople.A.True B.False C.NotGiven二、閱讀選擇（第11~15題，每題2分，共10分）Spilt(打翻的)MilkIrecentlyheardastoryaboutafamousscientistwhohadmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalachievements.Hewasaskedwhyhewassomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson.Herespondedthatitallcamefromanexperiencewhenhewasabouttwo.Hehadbeentryingtoremoveabottleofmilkfromtherefrigeratorwhenhelosthisgrip(緊握)anditfell,spilling(打翻)themilkalloverthefloor.Whenhismothercameintothekitchen,insteadofyellingathim,orpunishinghim,shesaid,“Robert,whatawonderfulmessyouhavemade!Well,thedamagehasalreadybeendone.Wouldyouliketoplayinthemilkforafewminutesbeforewecleanitup?”Indeed,hedid.Afterafewminutes,hismothersaid,“Robert,wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis,eventuallyyouhavetocleanitup.So,howwouldyouliketodothat?Wecoulduseasponge(海綿)oratowel.Whichdoyouprefer?”Hechosethespongeandtogethertheycleanedupthespiltmilk.Hismotherthensaid,“Youknow,whatwehavehereisafailedexperimentinhowtoeffectivelycarryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhands.Let’sgooutinthebackyardandfillthebottlewithwaterandseeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryitwithoutdroppingit.”Thelittleboylearnedthatifhegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit.Thescientistremarkedthatitwasthenthatheknewhedidn’tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes.Instead,mistakeswerejustopportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew,whichis,afterall,whatscientificexperimentsareallabout.Eveniftheexperiment“doesn’twork,”weusuallylearnsomethingvaluablefromit.11.Thisstoryisaboutascientistwho____.A.wasextraordinarywhenhewasyoungB.becamewell-knownafteraninterviewC.wassmarterthantheaveragepersonD.achievedgreatsuccessinthemedicalfield12.Hegotthemilkspiltalloverthekitchenfloorbecausehe____.A.droppedthebottleB.wasnaughtyC.slippedandfellD.wasweak13.Afterseeingthespiltmilk,hismother____.A.shoutedathimB.cleanedthefloorherselfC.encouragehimtoplayinthemilkD.forcedhimtocleanthekitchen14.Themotherandthesonwentoutinthebackyardto____.A.fillthebottlewithmilkB.cleanthebottleC.findawaytocarrythebottleD.searchforanewbottle15.Accordingtothetext,mistakesgiveuschancesto____.A.knowthetruthB.learnsomethingnewC.dosomeexperimentsD.teachachildalesson三、概括段落大意和補(bǔ)全句子（第16~25題，每題1分，共10分）Volunteers(1)Volunteersarepeoplewhoworkwithoutbeingpaid.Theydotheworkbecausetheywantto.WeneedvolunteersbecausetherearemanythingsthatneedtobedoneinsocietywhichtheGovernmentcan’taffordtopayfor.(2)Volunteersaremotivatedbyadesiretohelpothersandtomaketheworldabetterplace.StatisticssuggestthatmorethanonemillionpeopledovoluntaryworkinNewZealand.Somevolunteersdothekindofworkthattheyareparticularlyinterestedin,butperhapshaven’thadthechancetododuringtheirworkinglives.Othersmakeuseoftheirprofessionalskillsandexperience.(3)Volunteerscontributetosocietyinanumberofways.Forexample,somegivetheirtimetohelppreservethenaturalenvironment.Whiletherearegovernment-runprojectstomaintainnationalparksandforests,theprojectswouldnotsucceedwithoutvolunteers.Someenvironmentalorganizationsrelysolelyonvoluntarylabor.(4)“MealsonWheels”isavoluntaryorganizationrunbytheRedCross.Itdeliversmealstoelderlypeoplewhoareunabletocookforthemselves.Everyyearvolunteerdriversdeliveramillionmeals.Thisenableselderlypeopletoremainintheirownhouses.(5)VolunteerServiceAbroadwasstartedin1962.Itsendsvolunteerstopoorcountries.Tobeavolunteeryoushouldbebetweentheagesof25and77,ofgoodhealthandhaveaskillorabilitythatisrequestedbythecountry.Volunteersspendtwoyearshelpingthelocalpeopleimprovetheirlives.Twoyearsisalongtime,butwhentheyreturn,manyvolunteerssay,“Itwasthebesttwoyearsofmylife.”Task1A.Definitionofvolunteers16.Paragraph①:B.Howvolunteersareorganized17.Paragraph②:C.Howvolunteerscontributetosociety18.Paragraph③:D.Whypeoplewanttobevolunteers19.Paragraph④:E.Anorganizationsendingvolunteersabroad20.Paragraph⑤:F.AnorganizationdeliveringmealstotheelderlyTask221.Peopledovoluntaryworkbecausetheywantto________.22.Somevolunteershelpothersby________.23.Someorganizationsrelyonvolunteerstohelp________.24.Theelderlycanhavetheirmealsdeliveredwithout________.25.Manyvolunteersreturningfrompoorcountries________.A.helpothersB.leavingtheirhomesC.cookingfortheelderlyD.usingtheirprofessionalskillsE.findtheirexperiencerewardingF.preservethenaturalenvironment四、填句補(bǔ)文（第26~30題，每題2分，共10分）HowtoTalktoDoctorIt’soneofthesaddestsituationsinmodernmedicine:Theaveragedoctor’sappointmentlasts15minutesorless.____26____Thatdoesn’tleavemuchtimeforchattingabouttheweatheroryourmood.Whatyoudon’trealize–butwhatIseeveryclearlyasadoctor–isthatwhatthepatientsaysismoreimportantthanever.____27____Theycanalsomakeitmuchharderformetofigureoutwhat’swrongwithyou.Medicalschoolsteachaspecificwaytoconductanofficevisit.Partoneisthecomplaint.____28____Parttwoisthephysicalexam.Andpartthreeiswhenthedoctorgivesyouadiagnosisandprescribestestsoratreatment.Chancesare,youfocusonpartthree,butthepatientswhoreceivethebestcarearethosewhomasterpartone.Thekeyistodescribeindetailwhatyou’vebeenfeeling–notjust“bad”,butwhatkindofbad,forhowlong,andafterwhatkindofactivity.____29____EventhoughI’vebeenadoctorformanyyears,ItendtobealittlenervouswhenI’mtheonesittingontheexamtable.IfIhaven’tprepared,IlosetrackofthedetailsIintendedtoshare.____30____Whenthedoctorasksyouquestions,youcanbemorespecificandthediagnosisandtreatmentwillbeaccurate.Andtheremaybeafewminutesleftoverforalittlepleasantconversation!A.Nowonderyoufeelrushed.B.Ofcourse,that’seasiersaidthandone.C.Itiswisetoseeadoctorwithyourfriend.D.Itisalsocalledthedescriptionofyourproblem.E.SoItakeafewminutestowritedownsomecrucialdetails.F.Infact,yourdescriptionscanhelpmegiveyougreatcare.五、填詞補(bǔ)文（第31~40題，每題1.5分，共15分）PlantingGardenPlantingagardenisalotlikehavingafamily.Bothrequireagreatdealofwork,__31__astheygrowandastheseasons__32__.Assummerdayslengthen,yourplantsbecome__33__onyou,muchlikeyourchildrendependonyouforfoodanddrink.Likea__34__childaskingfordrinkofwater,yourplantsdothesame.Theirbentbodyissuesademandmuchthewayyourchildrequestmilkorjuice.Gettingenoughwater,theywouldthrivesoon.Youmightalsofindyouhaveto__35__thespacearoundyourplants,muchlikeyoupickuptoysandclothesthathavebeenthrowninyourkid’sroom.Similarly,rosesneedtobepruned(修建)andweedsneedtobepulled.Tokeepchildrenhealthy,parentsprotecttheirchildrenagainstdiseasewith__36__,andgardenersdothesamewithinsectrepellent(驅(qū)蟲劑).Tonourish(滋養(yǎng))them,parents__37__childrenvitamins,andgardenersusefertilizer,asbothpromotehealthygrowth.Aschildrengrowup,theyneedlesscare.However,here’swherethesimilarityends.Whileplantsdieorbecome__38__duringwinter,children__39__maintainanimportantroleinthefamily,andparentswillfindtheir__40__doesnotcometoanend.A.helpE.dependentI.responsibilityB.cleanF.stillJ.thirstyC.changeG.strongK.medicineD.inactiveH.giveL.especially六、完形補(bǔ)文（第41~50題，每題1.5分，共15分）WhatMakesUsDifferentThereasonEarthdiffers(differ)fromalltheother____(planet)intheuniverseisbecauseofyouandme.Atfirst,wewerelivingincaves,thencametheiceage,thenthemeltdown,and____(final),whatwearetoday.WeandEarthasawholehavechangedsomuch.Theonlythingthathasn’tchangedisourgreedand____(jealous).Whilewewer