2021年高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)必修3 Unit 2 Healthy eating-B卷

必修3Unit2Healthyeating（B卷）滾動(dòng)提升檢測(cè)(全卷共四大題，滿分100分。請(qǐng)?jiān)?0分鐘內(nèi)完成)班級(jí)____________學(xué)號(hào)____________姓名____________得分____________一、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分)AForyearswehavebeendietingstrictlyaftertheyear-endovereating,afraidthatwhensummercomes,thebiggersizewehaveaccumulatedwillbetrayhowweate.Nowscientistssay,it’salittlebugthatcausesobesity.Astheholidayseasonwithitsabundantfeastingarrives,millionsoffoodloversarekeepinganeyeontheirfigures.ButscientistshavefoundthatweightgainisnotabouttoomuchChristmasturkeyorhotchocolates,butsomebacteriainyourguts(腸).Chinesescientistsrecentlydiscoveredatypeofbacteriaingutsthatmaybetoblameforobesity.AresearchteamledbyZhaoLiping,aprofessorinShanghai,hasidentifiedapreciselinkbetweenaparticularkindofbacteriaandunusualweightgain.“Theendotoxin(內(nèi)毒素)releasedbythebacteriumcanactivate(激活)agenethathelpsproducefat.Anditalsodeactivatesagenethatconsumesfat,”Zhaosays.Scientistshavelongbelievedthatmicroscopicorganismsinthegut,microbiota,mayplayaveryimportantroleinweightgain,buttheyhadneverbeenabletoproveit.In2004,AmericanmicrobiologistJeffreyGordonandhiscolleaguesdiscoveredagenerallinkbetweenobesityandgutmicrobiotainmice.Whilealinkwasbelievedtoexist,provingitwasanothermatter.“Thelistofdiseasesthattheymayplayaroleinisjustgrowingandgrowing,”saysLitaProctor,directoroftheUSNationalInstitutesofHealth.“Buttheproblemisthatwe’reonlyabletolookatassociationsandaren’tyetabletoconductcause-and-effectstudies.”Intheclinicalstudy,researchersfoundagrowthoftoomuchendotoxin-producingbacteria,leadingto35percentofthegutbacteria,inanobesepatientwhoseinitialweightwas175kg.Basedonthisinformation,researcherstriedtocurethepatientbyfeedinghimaspecializednutritionalliquidfoodtodecreasethebacteriainhisgutstoignorableamounts.After23weeks,thepatientlost51.4kg,withhisfattyliverdiseasehavingalmostdisappeared.1.Wedietstrictlyaftertheyear-endovereatingbecause________.A.wewon’tbetrayourselvesB.weeattoomuchturkeyC.therearebacteriainourgutsD.wedon’twanttolookfat2.WhatcanbelearnedfromZhao’sresearch?A.Obesityisrelatedtoakindofbacteria.B.Healthydiethelpsreduceyourfat.C.Chocolatedoesn’tcauseweightgain.D.Toomuchfoodleadstooverweight.3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Scientistsdidn'ttrytofindoutthecauseofoverweight.B.Thereisalinkbetweenmice'soverweightandhuman's.C.Litaprovedthelinkbetweenbacteriaandweightgain.D.Scientistsfoundbacteriamayberelatedtomanydiseases.4.Thepatientfinallylost51.4kgofhisweightafter______.A.35percentofhisgutbacteriawerekilledB.theamountofgutbacteriawasdecreasedC.hehadaspecialkindofoperationD.hisfattyliverhaddisappeared5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.People’seatinghabits.B.Healthylifestyles.C.Amedicaldiscovery.D.Theconsequenceofobesity.BGoodhealthisthemostvaluablepossessionapersoncanhave,butonecan’ttakegoodhealthforgranted.Itisimportanttorememberthatthebodyneedspropercareinordertobehealthy.Therearethreethingsthatapersoncandotohelpstayingoodshape:eattherightfoods,getenoughsleepandexerciseregularly.Propernutritionisimportantforgoodhealth.Yourbodycannotfunctionwellunlessitreceivestheproperkindof“fuel”.Avoidfoodswithlotsofsugarandfat.Eatplentyoffoodshighinprotein,likeleanmeat,fish,beansandnuts.Vegetablesandfruitsareespeciallyimportantbecausetheyprovidenecessaryvitaminsandminerals.However,don’tovereat.Itisnothealthfultobeoverweight.Gettingtheproperamountofsleepisalsoimportant.Ifyoudon’tgetenoughsleep,youfeeltiredandirritable(煩躁的).Youhavenoenergy.Overalongperiodoftimealittleamountofsleepmayevenresultinachangeofpersonality.Besuretoallowyourselffromseventoninehoursofsleepeachnight.Ifyoudo,yourbodywillfeelstrongandrefreshed,andyourmindwillbesharp.Finally,getplentyofexercise.Exercisefirmsthebody,strengthensthemusclesandpreventsyoufromgainingweight.Italsoimprovesexerciseprogram,andyouwillprobablyincreaseyourlifespan(壽命).Anykindofexerciseisgood.Mostsportsareexcellentforkeepingthebodyingoodshape.Basketball,swimming,bicycling,gymnasticsandrunningareallgoodexamples.Sportsarenotonlygoodforyourbody,buttheyareenjoyableandinteresting,too.Ifeverybodyweretoeattherightfoodsandgetplentyofsleepandexerciseregularly,theworldwouldbeahappierandhealthierplace.Wewouldalllivetobemucholderandwiser.1.Apersoncanstayingoodshapeifhe_________.A.eattherightfoodsB.getenoughsleepC.exerciseregularlyD.alloftheabove2.Accordingtothepassage,_________.A.propercareisveryimportantforustokeepfitB.ifwe’rehealthy,wecanadventureindoingthingswithlesssleepC.onecaneatalottostayingoodshapeD.oneneedn’tdoanyexerciseifheishealthy3.“Eatingmoreandsleepingless”_________.A.cankeephealthyB.isnogoodforyouC.getsyoumoreenergyD.willkeepyourpersonality4.Theunderlinedword“sharp”means_________.A.havingathincuttingedgeB.irritableC.comfortableD.sensitive5.Thetitleforthepassageshouldbe_________.A.EatingandExercisingB.TheFunctionofVitaminsC.StayingHealthyD.SleepingWell[助讀詞匯]possessionn.財(cái)產(chǎn)functionvt.運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)personalityn.個(gè)性strengthenvt.加強(qiáng)musclen.肌肉refreshedadj.神清氣爽的nutritionn.營(yíng)養(yǎng)proteinn.蛋白質(zhì)leanmeat瘦肉take…forgranted認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然的vitaminsandminerals維生素和礦物質(zhì)stayingoodshape保持良好的身體狀況二、完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。(共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)Americanresearchershavediscoveredthatlackofsleepisbadformemoryandtheysuggestpeopletakeashortsleepduringthe1.2madethediscoveryin3.Theykepttherats4for72hours.Duringthistimetheydiscoveredthatsleepdeprivation5stresshormonestogettogetherinapartofthe6,whichinturnmadethegrowthofcellsthathelpednewmemories7.“Weknowthatsleepdeprivationisstressful,andthatitmakessometypesoflearningandmemory8,”aleadresearchersaid.Theresultsare9toearlierstudiesshowingthatsleep-deprivedpeopleare10atrememberinghowtodonewlylearnedtasksthantheyare11.Theresultsarealsosaidtobethefirsttoprovideasystemexplaininghow12ofsleepisbadformemory.Thissuggeststhat13intherighthormonalconditionsisimportant.However,thesleepdeprivation14bytheratsisusuallylong,15tohumanbeing’sstayingawakeforseveralweeks.Sosleepdeprivationisbadfor16,butonly“inextremecases”,scientistsbelieve.Asyouarebusystudyingfor17intouniversitiesandcolleges,youhadbetterget18sleepeveryday.Ifitis19,youshouldsleepforashorttimeafterlunch—perhapstheoutcomemightbe20andunexpected!1.A.duskB.dawnC.daytimeD.night2.A.Researchers B.Chemists C.Physicians D.Scholars3.A.animals B.plants C.rats D.cells4.A.asleep B.annoyed C.awkward D.awake5.A.made B.caused C.weakened D.robbed6.A.heart B.brain C.spirit D.system7.A.slow B.speed C.withdraw D.stress8.A.weak B.strong C.amazing D.abnormal9.A.differentB.limitedC.similarD.beneficial10.A.better B.tougher C.sleepier D.worse11.A.addicted B.consciousC.normal D.relaxed12.A.avoidance B.supply C.lack D.abortion13.A.breathB.recreation C.judgment D.sleep14.A.combinedB.spiedC.digestedD.experienced15.A.different B.equal C.friendly D.accustomed16.A.memory B.motivation C.behavior D.character17.A.possibilityB.entry C.comprehensionD.advantage18.A.deep B.effective C.simple D.enough19.A.poisonousB.possibleC.protectiveD.balanced20.A.surprisingB.obeseC.balancedD.curious[助讀詞匯]researchern.研究人員stressfuladj.有壓力的ratn.田鼠lackof…缺乏……stresshormone壓力荷爾蒙sleepdeprivation剝奪睡眠；睡眠不足inturn轉(zhuǎn)而inextremecases在極端情況下三、語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分)Itisreportedthatover300millionpeopleinChinaaresufferingfromnear-sightedness.1morechildrenhavegoteyetrouble,theirparentshopetocurethediseasebymedicine,equipment2bycorrectingthewaychildrenreadandsit.Butinfactthecare3(give)toone’seyesshouldstartwiththeexerciseonone’sfeet.Threemethodsonhowtoprotectareasfollows:foronething,don’tfastenyourshoestoo4(tight).Trywearinglooseshoesandsocksorwalkingbare-footedathome.Whentraveling,trywearingclothshoessoastomakebloodcirculation5(easy).Foranotherthing,walkingontiptoes(腳尖)willhelpimproveone’seyesightandpreventnear-sightedness.Figurestellthatfewballetperformersarenear-sighted.Inaddition,ropeskippingalsodoesgood6one’seyesight.When7(skip)therope,onehastoreactquickly,8excitesthebrainaswellastheeyes.Besidesfootexercises,9isgoodtopullone’sears.Pullingtheears20timesisfoundtobe10effectivewaytoreducethepressureonone’seyessoon.[助讀詞匯]near-sightednessn.近視bare-footedadj.赤腳的eyesightn.視力figuren.數(shù)字asfollows如下clothshoes布鞋foronething首先f(wàn)oranotherthing其次bloodcirculation血液循環(huán)balletperformer巴黎舞演員inaddition此外ropeskipping跳繩四、短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。 Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.Itwasverycrowded.Tonysawatoyonashopwindow.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsideashop.Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.Momsaid,“Hownicetoseeyouagain!DadandIwereterribleworried.”Tonypromisedherthatthiswouldneverhappenagain.必修3Unit2Healthyeating（B卷）滾動(dòng)提升檢測(cè)參考答案一、閱讀理解(A)介紹了關(guān)于肥胖現(xiàn)象新的醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。1.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段...afraidthatwhensummercomes,thebiggersizewehaveaccumulatedwillbetrayhowweate.可知，人們?cè)谀甑状蟪源蠛戎箝_(kāi)始節(jié)食，主要是因?yàn)楹ε孪奶靵?lái)了會(huì)暴露出自己臃腫的身材。2.A事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段hasidentifiedapreciselinkbetweenaparticularkindofbacteriaandunusualweightgain.可知，肥胖和某一種特殊的細(xì)菌之間有密切的聯(lián)系。3.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段“Thelistofdiseasesthattheymayplayaroleinisjustgrowingandgrowing,”以及...aren’tyetabletoconductcause-and-effectstudies.可知科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)細(xì)菌可能與很多疾病有關(guān)聯(lián)。4.B事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段researcherstriedtocurethepatientbyfeedinghimaspecializednutritionalliquidfoodtodecreasethebacteriainhisgutstoignorableamounts.可知，細(xì)菌數(shù)量的減少可以使體重下降。5.C主旨大意題。從文章多次出現(xiàn)found,discovered可以看出本文主要講的是一項(xiàng)新的醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。很多考生選了D，誤選的考生可能他們不知道該文講的是肥胖的原因，而不是肥胖的結(jié)果。(B)本文作者主要告訴我們，吃正確的食物、保持足夠的睡眠和有規(guī)律的運(yùn)動(dòng)是保持健康最重要的三種方式。1.D事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)首段Therearethreethingsthatapersoncandotohelpstayingoodshape:eattherightfoods,getenoughsleepandexerciseregularly.可知選D。2.A事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章第一段中Itisimportanttorememberthatthebodyneedspropercareinordertobehealthy.可知A項(xiàng)正確。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句However,don’tovereat.Itisnothealthfultobeoverweight.和第三段Ifyoudon’tgetenoughsleep,youfeeltiredandirritable.Youhavenoenergy.Besuretoallowyourselffromseventoninehoursofsleepeachnight.可推知B項(xiàng)正確。4.D猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，如果你自己有足夠的睡眠，那么身體和思維這兩個(gè)方面會(huì)有什么樣的效果。顯然sharp的感情色彩必須和strongandrefreshed一致。B和C可首先排除；A項(xiàng)是對(duì)sharp的基本釋義，并不符合文章語(yǔ)境。故選D符合上下語(yǔ)境。sensitive在此意為“靈敏的，敏銳的”，與sharp一致。5.C主旨大意題。A、B、D都過(guò)于片面，只有C項(xiàng)具有總領(lǐng)文章的概括性。根據(jù)文章可知，eattherightfoods,getenoughsleepandexerciseregularly是保持健康(StayingHealthy)的三種方式。故選C合適。二、完形填空本文作者向我們介紹了缺乏睡眠給記憶力帶來(lái)的影響并建議我們?cè)谖顼埡笮菹⒁粫?huì)，以補(bǔ)充睡眠。1.C根據(jù)下文，特別是最后一段中的Ifitis19,youshouldsleepforashorttimeafterlunch可知，研究人員是建議在白天睡個(gè)短覺(jué)。故選C合適。2.A根據(jù)第一段Americanresearchers或者第三段aleadresearchersaid.可知選A。屬于原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。3.C根據(jù)空后的Theykepttherats可知選C。同樣屬于原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。4.D由上文可知，研究人員為了找出缺乏睡眠對(duì)記憶力帶來(lái)的影響，他們用田鼠做試驗(yàn)，他們讓田鼠保持清醒達(dá)72個(gè)小時(shí)，言下之意是讓田鼠缺乏睡眠，看看會(huì)發(fā)生什么樣的情況。同時(shí)也通過(guò)這個(gè)事實(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些問(wèn)題。故選D符合上下語(yǔ)境和邏輯。5.B結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)和空后的stresshormonestogettogether可知，此處是指：缺乏睡眠使壓力荷爾蒙在一部分腦中聚集。習(xí)慣搭配cause…to…意為“使……發(fā)生/做……”，符合語(yǔ)境。C和D項(xiàng)可首先排除；A項(xiàng)made干擾性較大，但make后常接動(dòng)詞原形，即：make…do…。6.B根據(jù)下面的helpednewmemories可知此處肯定是指在腦中才能與memories有聯(lián)系。7.A根據(jù)前文中sleepdeprivation5stresshormonestogettoge