2023《微專題小練習(xí)》英語(yǔ)新教材練習(xí)41語(yǔ)法填空＋七選五＋完形填空

練習(xí)41語(yǔ)法填空＋七選五＋完形填空Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空2022·吉林摸底說(shuō)明文219詞★★★☆☆Formanypeopleintheworld,foodwastehasbecomeahabit:buyingmorefoodthanweneedatmarkets,1.________(let)fruitandvegetablesspoilathomeortakingmorethanwecaneat.Thesehabitsputextrapressure2.________ournaturalresourcesanddamageourenvironment.Whenwewastefood,wewastesomuchlabor,energy,3.________(invest)andthepreciousresourcesthatgointoproducingit,nottomentiontheresourcesfortransportingandprocessingit.Inshort,wastingfoodincreasesgreenhousegasemissionsand4.________(contribute)toclimatechange.It's5.________urgentissue.Infact,tonsoffoodislostorwasted6.________(global)everyday.Thepartoffoodthatislostfromharvestupto,butnotincluding,theretailleveliscalledfoodloss.Thepartwastedattheconsumerorretaillevel7.________(refer)toasfoodwaste.Wemakethisdistinctiontoaddressthoseroot8.________(cause)ofthisproblem,aproblemthateveryonefromfarmersandproducerstocustomerscanhelpsolve.Reducingfoodlossandwasteisessentialinaworld9.________millionsofpeoplegohungryeveryday.Whenwereducewaste,weknowthatfoodishard-won.It'suptous10.________(change)ourhabitstomakenotwastingfoodawayoflife!Ⅱ.七選五2022·八省聯(lián)考說(shuō)明文310詞★★★☆☆A(yù)pps(shortforapplications)arebecomingincreasinglypopularnowadays,andforgoodreason.Theycanhelpyououtinjustabouteveryareaofyourlife,whetherit'skeepingfit,communicatingwithfriends,orevenlearningalanguage.__1__Here'swhatyoushouldthinkaboutbeforedownloadinganappforlanguagelearning.·Learnfromdiversesources(notjustapps)Anyseasonedlanguagelearnerwilltellyouthatthebeautyofmasteringaforeignlanguageistheworldwhichitopensuptoyou.Thisisaworldofdiversesources(來(lái)源)ofinformation,fromnewspapersandbookstoTV,radio,musicandevenrealpeople.Wouldyoulimityourselftoonemediuminyournativelanguage?__2__·EstablishyourpurposeandplanyourhabitsDoyouwanttobefluentinweeksorareyouinitforthebraintraining?Thegoodappsaredesignedtohelpyoufityourstudiesaroundyourtimetable.__3__Theseappsencouragehabitbuilding,becausethesuccessfulformationofahabitensuresyoursafeandregularreturn.·Makeitsocial__4__Imeansocialforreal.IowethespeedofprogressImadeinItaliantothesupportfromJim,mypartnerinstudytime.Findafriendtoaccompanyyou.Takeaneveningclass.Borrowabook.Buyabook.Bookaweekawayandattendalanguageschool.Justdon'tforgetyourphone!IfImayspeaksincerely,thecombinationofapp,languageschool,Jim,eveningsout,andachoicebookortwoprovedextremelyeffective.__5__A．Irecommendit.B．Rememberthatanappisjustatool.C．No,Idon'tmeanpostingyourprogressonline.D．Iencourageyoutouseappsasoftenasyoucan.E．Probablynot,sowhydosoinyournewlanguage?F．Thebestappsadaptthemselvesbaseduponyourbehavior.G．However,youneedtoknowhowtousethemproperlytoreallybenefit.Ⅲ.完形填空2022·湖北黃岡調(diào)研記敘文254詞★★★☆☆A(yù)sakid,Irememberthatwhenevermydadwasrepairingsomething,hewouldaskmetoholdthehammer,sowe'dhavetimetotalkwitheachother.WhenIleftforcollege,mydadwould__1__meeverySundaymorning.Yearslater,whenIboughtahouse,mydad__2__itinthesummerheat.Allheaskedmetodowasto__3__hisbrushandtalktohim.ButIwastoo__4__thosedaystotalkwithhim.Fouryearsago,therewasatimewhenmydadwasputtingtogetheraswingsetformydaughter.Heaskedmetobringhimacupofteaandhavea__5__withhim,butIhadtoprepareforatripthatweekend.OneSundaymorningweweretalkingonthephone__6__，andInoticedmydadhad__7__somethingswediscussedrecently.Iwasinahurry,soourconversationwas__8__.Laterthatdaycameacall.Myfatherhadhadananeurysm(動(dòng)脈瘤)andwasinthehospital.__9__IflewbackandonmywayIwasthinkingaboutallthe__10__opportunitiestotalkwithmydad.BythetimeIarrived,myfatherhad__11__.Thenitwashewhodidn'thavetimefora(n)__12__withme.AfterhisdeathI__13__muchmoreabouthim.Allhe__14__wasonlymytime.AndnowIhave__15__thatnothingismoreimportantthanmycompanywithmydearparents.1．A.witnessB．callC．instructD．discover2．A.paintedB．visitedC．repairedD．tidied3．A.findB．holdC．bringD．clean4．A.upsetB．happyC．busyD．disappointed5．A.talkB．mealC．gameD．walk6．A.ontimeB．a(chǎn)llthetimeC．a(chǎn)swellD．a(chǎn)susual7．A.understoodB．promotedC．rememberedD．forgotten8．A.joyfulB．a(chǎn)nnoyingC．shortD．delayed9．A.SuddenlyB．ImmediatelyC．PersonallyD．Fortunately10．A.missedB．valuableC．rareD．good11．A.passedbyB．passedawayC．diedoutD．setoff12．A.laughB．tripC．a(chǎn)dventureD．conversation13．A.complainedB．learnedC．caredD．guessed14．A.commandedB．expressedC．requestedD．reminded15．A.concernedB．ignoredC．conqueredD．recognized答題策略語(yǔ)法填空——定語(yǔ)從句先行詞的四種情況可選擇的關(guān)系詞指人who/that,whom,whose指物that,which,whose,when,why,where指人和物that無(wú)先行詞(指代主句全句)as,which關(guān)系詞在從句中可作的成分that,which,who主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)whom賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)whose定語(yǔ)when,where,why狀語(yǔ)關(guān)系詞的判斷步驟①確定先行詞的情況；②確定所填詞在從句中的成分；③按照上邊兩個(gè)表格確定關(guān)系詞注意：只用that和只用which的情況練習(xí)41語(yǔ)法填空＋七選五＋完形填空Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了食物浪費(fèi)的現(xiàn)象及其產(chǎn)生的影響，并呼吁人們停止食物浪費(fèi)。1．答案與解析：letting考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意為：對(duì)于世界上的許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，食物浪費(fèi)已經(jīng)成為一種習(xí)慣：在市場(chǎng)上購(gòu)買比我們需要的更多的食物，讓水果和蔬菜在家里變質(zhì)，或者帶走比我們能吃的更多的食物。此處與buying和taking是并列成分，也應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。故填letting。2．答案與解析：on考查介詞。putpressureonsth.為固定搭配，意為“對(duì)某物施加壓力”。故填on。3．答案與解析：investment考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)空處與labor和energy是并列成分，作waste的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用名詞形式，且其前有somuch修飾，故此處investment為不可數(shù)名詞。故填investment。4．答案與解析：contributes考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意為：總之，浪費(fèi)食物會(huì)增加溫室氣體的排放，引起氣候變化。此處與increases是并列謂語(yǔ)，也應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填contributes。5．答案與解析：an考查冠詞。issue在此是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，意為“問(wèn)題”，表泛指，其前應(yīng)用不定冠詞修飾，且urgent的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，故填an。6．答案與解析：globally考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處應(yīng)用副詞作狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)。故填globally。7．答案與解析：isreferred考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處介紹客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；由于referto與主語(yǔ)Thepart是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填isreferred。8．答案與解析：causes考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。此處應(yīng)用名詞形式作動(dòng)詞address的賓語(yǔ)，且根據(jù)空前的those可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填causes。9．答案與解析：where考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：在這個(gè)每天都有數(shù)百萬(wàn)人挨餓的世界上，減少食物損失和浪費(fèi)很有必要。此處引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是world，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填where。10．答案與解析：tochange考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意為：改變我們的習(xí)慣，以使不浪費(fèi)食物成為一種生活方式，是我們的責(zé)任！Itisuptosb.todosth.為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“做某事是某人的責(zé)任；做某事由某人決定”，其中It是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的不定式短語(yǔ)。故填tochange。Ⅱ.七選五【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了一些在下載一款語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用程序之前應(yīng)該考慮的事情。1．答案與解析：G空前提到應(yīng)用軟件在生活、學(xué)習(xí)多方面讓人受益，空后提到人們?cè)谙螺dapp進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)之前應(yīng)該考慮一些問(wèn)題。故本句與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，只有知道了如何合理地使用，才能真正受益。G選項(xiàng)中them指代上文中的Apps。2．答案與解析：E根據(jù)空前的問(wèn)句“學(xué)習(xí)母語(yǔ)時(shí)，你會(huì)把自己限制在一種媒介中嗎？”可知，本空應(yīng)承接上文，做出回答，即“也許不會(huì)”，之后進(jìn)一步提出反問(wèn)“那學(xué)習(xí)新語(yǔ)言時(shí)為什么要如此呢？”。故選E。3．答案與解析：F根據(jù)空前的“好的應(yīng)用軟件旨在幫助你按照你的時(shí)間表來(lái)安排學(xué)習(xí)”可知，本段探討什么是好的學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用軟件。F項(xiàng)“最好的應(yīng)用軟件可以根據(jù)使用者的行為習(xí)慣自行調(diào)整”符合語(yǔ)境，選項(xiàng)中的Thebestapps對(duì)應(yīng)下文中的Theseapps。4．答案與解析：C根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題Makeitsocial以及空后的“Imeansocialforreal.”可知，本空應(yīng)該是在說(shuō)明與下文意思相反的情況，C選項(xiàng)“不，我不是說(shuō)讓你把你的進(jìn)展發(fā)布到網(wǎng)上”符合語(yǔ)境，Idon'tmean與Imean形成前后對(duì)照。故選C。5．答案與解析：A根據(jù)空前句以及上段可知，作者結(jié)合自己的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)成功案例，給出建議，并真誠(chéng)推薦自己親身經(jīng)歷的行之有效的方法，即各種學(xué)習(xí)方式的結(jié)合。故A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，it指代上文的combination。Ⅲ.完形填空【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因忙碌而沒(méi)時(shí)間陪伴父親，直到父親去世，作者才明白子欲養(yǎng)而親不待，要多多陪伴父母的道理。1．答案與解析：B根據(jù)WhenIleftforcollege可知，作者上大學(xué)了，所以父親應(yīng)是通過(guò)打電話的方式跟作者聯(lián)系。call意為“打電話”，符合語(yǔ)境。witness意為“目睹”；instruct意為“命令”；discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。2．答案與解析：A根據(jù)“Allheaskedmetodowasto________hisbrushandtalktohim.”可知，作者父親幫助作者粉刷新買的房子。paint意為“粉刷”，符合語(yǔ)境。visit意為“參觀”；repair意為“修理”；tidy意為“整理”。3．答案與解析：B根據(jù)上文hewouldaskmetoholdthehammer和andtalktohim可知，父親要作者做的事很簡(jiǎn)單，拿住刷子，和他說(shuō)話即可。hold意為“抓??；拿住”，符合語(yǔ)境。find意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；bring意為“帶來(lái)”；clean意為“打掃”。4．答案與解析：C根據(jù)表示轉(zhuǎn)折的But和下文語(yǔ)境可知，作者忙得沒(méi)有時(shí)間跟父親說(shuō)話。busy意為“繁忙的”，符合語(yǔ)境。upset意為“沮喪的”；happy意為“快樂(lè)的”；disappointed意為“失望的”。5．答案與解析：A根據(jù)上文“sowe'dhavetimetotalkwitheachother”可知，父親希望作者能夠和他談?wù)勗挕alk意為“交談”，符合語(yǔ)境。meal意為“一餐”；game意為“游戲”；walk意為“散步”。6．答案與解析：D根據(jù)“WhenIleftforcollege,mydadwould________meeverySundaymorning.”可知，作者和父親像往常一樣在星期日上午打電話。asusual意為“像往常一樣”，符合語(yǔ)境。ontime意為“準(zhǔn)時(shí)”；allthetime意為“一直”；aswell意為“也”。7．答案與解析：D根據(jù)下文父親生病可知，此處指作者注意到父親忘記了他們最近討論的一些事情。forget意為“忘記”，符合語(yǔ)境。understand意為“理解”；promote意為“促進(jìn)”；remember意為“記得”。8．答案與解析：C根據(jù)Iwasinahurry可知，那天作者比較匆忙，所以與父親之間的談話時(shí)間很短。short意為“短暫的”，符合語(yǔ)境。joyful意為“高興的”；annoying意為“惱人的”；delayed意為“拖延的”。9．答案與解析：B根據(jù)“Myfatherhadhad