2024廣東大灣區(qū)高三聯(lián)合模擬考試英語(yǔ)試卷試題（答案詳解一）

2024屆大灣區(qū)普通高中畢業(yè)年級(jí)聯(lián)合模擬考試(一)

英語(yǔ)

滿分120分考試時(shí)間120分鐘

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)和準(zhǔn)考證

號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上，將條形碼橫貼在答題卡“條形碼粘貼處”。

2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆在答題卡上將對(duì)應(yīng)題目選

項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案

不能答在試卷上。

3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡各

題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫(xiě)上新

答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無(wú)效。

4.考生必須保證答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Critics9choice:Theyear'sbestnovels...

1.TheLoveSongsofW.E.B.DuBoisbyHonoreeFanonneJeffers(Harper,$29)

Thenovelfromacelebratedpoet,this800workismanythingsatonce:amoving

coming-of-agestory,anexaminationofrace,andanexplorationofAmericanhistory.Outof

curiosityaboutthesecretsinherfamily,AileyuncoversstoriesthattracebacktoherNative

American,Scottish,andenslavedAfrican-Americanancestors.

2.MatrixbyLaurenGroff(Knopf,$28)

IfMatrixwerewrittenbyanyoneelse,itwouldbeahardsell.ButLaurenGroffhas

reimaginedthelifeof12th-centurypoetMariedeFrancesothatwecan'thelpbutstaywith

thisroyalcastoffasshe'ssentaway,at17,torunapoorchurch,whichsheeventually

changesintoashelterforwomenandachallengetothemale-dominatedworld.

3.KlaraandtheSunbyKazuoIshiguro(Knopf,$28)

Arobotthathasbeenprogrammedtobeasicklyteenager's"ArtificialFriend,Klara

servesasoureyesonatroublingnearfutureinwhichtechnologicalprogressispushingmoral

boundaries.ButheroutsiderviewallowstheauthorofRemainsoftheDay,nowaNobelPrize

winner,toexplorewhatmakespeopleirreplaceable.

4.CloudCuckooLandbyAnthonyDoerr（Scribner,$30）

Doerr'sfirstnovelsince2014coversseveralhundredyears——from1453

Constantinopletoa22nd-centuryspaceshipescapingfromEarth.Thebookruns640pages,

butwithoutawastedword.AsengagingasagreatbedtimestoryandasreadableasHarry

Potter,ifsaboveallacelebrationofthehumanspiritanditspowertodreamimpossible

dreams.

1.Whichbookiswrittenbyapoet?

A.TheLoveSongsofW.E.B.DuBois.B.Matrix.

C.KlaraandtheSun.D.CloudCuckooLand.

2.WhatisthecentralthemeexploredinKlaraandtheSun?

A.Historicalevents.B.Pursuitofdreams.

C.Humanirreplaceability.D.Teenagers5friendship.

3.Whatdothefournovelshaveincommon?

A.Theyallcoverhundredsofyears.B.Theyareallchosenbycritics.

C.Theyarealltheauthor'sfirstnovel.D.Themaincharactersareallhumans.

Theworldofunderwaterslumberisunlikewhatweseeonthesurface.Formammals

（哺乳動(dòng)物）,agoodnighfssleepsendsananimalintoastateofunconsciousness（無(wú)矢口覺(jué)）

duringhoursofrestorativesleepingthathelpshealthebodyandsolidifymemoriesfirmlyin

themind.Forfish,however,sleepisn'tsuchawell-definedprocess.Instead,manyfish

specieshavetakentospendingshortperiodsinastateofreducedactivityorrestwhile

keepingtheireyesopentoscanthewaterforpotentialthreats.Duringtheseperiodsof

reducedactivity,afish'sbodilyfunctionsslowdownanditswatchfulnessdrops.

Thebreadthofanimalsintheoceanthatexhibitthistypeofreducedactivityis

wide-reaching.Amongthehundredsofthousandsofcreaturesinthesea,somemerelyride

alongwiththecurrent,suchasjellyfish.Othersfindrockybedroomsforthenight,while

thosesuchasstingraysburythemselvesinthesandtorest.However,itmustbereallyhardto

getagoodnighfssleepwhenyoubreatheairbutliveinwater.Thisissomethingthatthe

world'sunderwatermammalshavetodealwith.

試卷第2頁(yè)，共10頁(yè)

Topreventthemselvesfromdrowning（溺死）intheirsleep,underwatermammalssuch

asdolphinsandmanateeshavedevelopedtheabilityto"turnoff'onesideoftheirbrainto

rest,knownasunihemisphericsleep.Whileonesideisfastasleep,theotherkeepsallthe

animal'svitalfunctionsrunning,suchasbreathing.Manatees,forexample,lovetosleep,

spendingupto12hoursadayinadeepslumber.However,asair-breathinganimals,

manateesneedtosurfaceevery20minutesorsoforoxygen.Toachievethis,thehalfofthe

brainthafsstillawakesendsthesleepingmanateetothesurfacetogetsomeair.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"slumber“inparagraph1mean?

A.Rest.B.Sleep.C.Danger.D.Activity.

5.Whyisithardtodefinesleepforfish?

A.Becausefishremainpartiallyawake.B.Becausefishneedshortrestingtime.

C.Becausefishpossessnoconsciousness.D.Becausefishpretendnottobesleeping.

6.Whatisachallengefacedbyunderwatermammals?

A.Hidinginsand.B.Ridingthecurrent.

C.Findingspotstorest.D.Breathingwhilesleeping.

7.Howdomanateesensuretheiroxygensupplyduringsleep?

A.Bysleepingless.B.Byadaptingtothesea.

C.Bysurfacingperiodically.D.Bycontrollingtheirbreath.

c

ProfessorLumseemstobeunderthespellofChatGPT,butlefsnotgetcarriedaway

withtheAIchatbotcraze.Whileitdoeshavesomebenefits,hisargumentsarelikealeaky

boatinastormysea-fullofholes.

AccordingtoProfessorLum,ChatGPToffersstudentsawealthofinformation.Sure,ifs

likehavingawalkingencyclopedia（百科全書(shū)）,butlearningisnotaboutcopyingananswer.

It'saboutthejourneyofdiscovery.ChatGPT,armedwithitsvastdatabase,deniesstudents

theopportunitytoexploreandlearnthroughtheirownefforts.It'slikeawardinga

participationmedalfbraracethathasn'tevenbegun!

HealsoclaimsthatChatGPTimprovescommunicationskills.Seriously?Chattingwith

anAIisnotthesameashavingarealconversation.Howcanweexpectstudentstohandlethe

complexitiesoftherealworldifalltheyknowishowtotalktoachatbot?Lefsnotturnthem

intosociallyawkwardbotsthemselves.

Oh,andlefsnotforgetaboutcriticalthinking.ProfessorLumthinksChatGPT

challengesstudentstothinkcritically.Butcomeon,folks!Ifsmerelyamachine!Ifsnot

goingtoteachthemhowtoquestionassumptions,analyzeevidence,orcomeupwith

innovativesolutions.Weneedhumaninteractionandlivelydebatesforthat.

Lastly,ProfessorLumbelievesChatGPTcanprovidesupportandguidance.Again,

seriously?Arewegoingtoreplacehumanemotionswithlinesofcode（代碼）？ChatGPT

mightoffersomecomfortingwords,butitcan'treplacethewarmthandunderstandingthat

canonlybefoundinhumaninteraction.Letusnotabandonourstudents,leavingthemtofeel

morealoneanddisconnectedthaneverbefore.

ProfessorLum'sopinionregardingChatGPTwarnsusagainsttoomuchrelianceon

technology.RatherthanprioritizingChatGPT,thefocusshouldbeondevelopingcritical

thinking,promotinggenuinehumaninteraction,andemphasizingthecoreaspectsof

education.

8.Whatiscomparedtoaparticipationmedalinparagraph2?

A.Awalkingencyclopedia.B.Ajourneytoexplore.

C.Avastdatabase.D.Ananswer.

9.WhatcanbeinferredaboutChatGPTfromparagraphs3?5?

A.Itisnotgoodatsocializing.B.Itisaskilledcriticalthinker.

C.Itoffersnothinghelpfultohumans.D.Itformsawarmbondwithhumans.

10.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsChatGPT?

A.Totallynegative.B.Fullysupportive.

C.Highlyskeptical.D.Quiteindifferent.

11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Tocriticizeaviewpoint.B.Toquestionanauthority.

C.Toclarifytwoarguments.D.Tocomparetwochatbots.

D

Iftherewasanapponyourphonethatclaimedtoimproveyourmemory,wouldyoube

willingtotryit?It'shardtoresisttheideaofhavingabettermemory.Afterall,ourmemories

aredelicateandcanbeaffectedbyvariousfactorssuchasdiseases,injuries,mentalhealth

conditions,andaging.

Inresponsetothisperceivedneed,thebraintrainingindustryhasgrownrapidly,offering

試卷第4頁(yè)，共10頁(yè)

awiderangeofaccessibleandaffordablementalexercisesthroughsmartphoneandtablet

apps.Manyresearchershavefoundevidencesuggestingthatwell-designedexercisescan

improvementalabilitiesandevenleadtobetterscoresonIQtests.Theycomparethebrainto

muscles,suggestingthattargetedrepetitionofmemoryexercisescanstrengthenandcondition

ourmemoryprocesses,similartohowathletesengageinstrengthandconditioningby

repeatedlyexercisingspecificmusclegroups.

Incontrasttoeverydayactivitieslikereadingadetailedarticleorsolvingacomplex

puzzle,memorytrainingappsarespecificallydesignedtoprovideamorechallenging

workoutforthebrain.Theseappstypicallyinvolvetasksthatrequiretrackingalargenumber

ofobjectswhilebeingdistractedbyasecondarytask,suchasmentalcalculationsor

exploringagame'slandscape.Ifthisbraintrainingproveseffective,itcouldbebeneficialfor

individualswithbrain-relateddisabilitiesorthoserecoveringfromconditionslikecancer.

Critics,though,arguethatwhiletheconceptisappealing,theoverallevidencefailsto

demonstratesignificantimprovementincorebrainprocesses.Additionally,despitetheclaims

madebymanyappsandbraintrainingcompanies,scientistshaveyettoidentifythekey

factorsthatmakeaninterventiontrulyeffectiveordeterminethebestapproachestoaddress

thediverseneedsofindividualsseekinghelp.

Whilethequestionisstillopentodebate,thereisevidencesuggestingthatshort-term

workingmemorytrainingcanbenefithigh-functioningindividuals,suchascollegestudents.

However,ifsimportanttonotethatbraintraining,likedietandexercise,isunlikelytohave

identicaleffectsoneveryindividual.

12.Inwhatwayisthebrainsimilartomusclesaccordingtomanyresearchers?

A.Intestingresults.B.Inworkprocesses.

C.Inbodilyfunctions.D.Intrainingmethods.

13.Whatisthemainfeatureofthetypicaltasksinmemorytrainingapps?

A.Detailed.B.Effective.C.Demanding.D.Complicated.

14.Whatdocriticsthinkmemorytrainingappslack?

A.Legalclaims.B.Proveneffects.C.Tailoredservices.D.Appealing

concepts.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Canourmemorybeimproved?

B.Doesbraintrainingactuallywork?

C.Whathavescientistsfoundaboutmemory?

D.Whatdoesthebraintrainingindustrybring?

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中

有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Thesenioryearofhighschoolcanbearollercoasterrideofemotionsasyoustartthe

journeytowardscollegeandadulthood.16butitcanalsobestressful.However,with

therightstressmanagementstrategies,youcannegotiatethisimportantyearwithconfidence

andsuccess.

17.Createadetailedtimelineforexamsandotherimportantlearningtasks.Break

downthesetasksintosmaller,manageablesteps,andtacklethemoneatatime.Byhavinga

clearroadmapinplace,youcanavoidthefearedlast-minutepanicandstayontopofyour

studies.

Moreover,takecareofyourphysicalandmentalwell-being.18.Engagein

activitiesyouenjoy,whetherifsplayingamusicalinstrumentorsimplyspendingtimewith

friends.Takingcareofyourselfwillhelpyoustayfocused,energized,andreadytotackleany

challengesthatcomeyourway.

Remember,you5renotaloneonthisjourney.Reachoutforsupportwheneveryouneedit.

Whetherit'sseekingguidancefromteachersorleaningonyourclassmatesforemotional

support,don'thesitatetoaskforhelp.19.

Finally,maintainapositivemindsetthroughouttheyear.Surroundyourselfwith

supportivefriendsandfamilywhobelieveinyouandyourabilities.20.Rememberthat

setbacksareanaturalpartoftheprocessandusethemasopportunitiestolearnandgrow.

Thesenioryearofhighschoolcanbeamixofemotions,butbyadoptingthesestrategies,

youcanmakethemostofitandsetyourselfupforsuccessasyouventureintothenext

chapterofyourlife.

A.Alwayssticktothemainroad

B.Tostartwith,it'scrucialtoplanahead

C.Youmayfindthemdisappointingsometimes

D.Celebrateyourachievements,nomatterhowsmall

E.It'sanexcitingtimefilledwithdreamsandpossibilities

試卷第6頁(yè)，共10頁(yè)

F.Theycanlendalisteningearandprovideinvaluableadvice

G.Getenoughsleep,eatnutritiousmeals,andexerciseregularly

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處

的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Fromtheageofeight,IattendedalittleboardingschoolontheDerbyshire-Staffordshire

border.OnSundayafternoons,the21wouldleaveustowandertheedgeofthe

groundswhereweweresupposedto22timechattingorplayingsportsbutmy23

wastoclimboverthefencesanddisappearintothelandscape.Often,muchtotheteachers9

annoyance,nooneknewwhereto24me.

Thatwasthepoint.Towalktoa（n）25placeand,foramoment,feeltheworldas

somethingnewbroughtwithitafeelingIwoulddesire.Thehabit26withme.Bymy

mid-20s,Iwasa27walker.Walkingbecameawayoflifethat,28gaveshape

toawanderingdecadeandIwouldeasemyselfintonew29theworldoverbysetting

outonfoottoget30andthenfindmyselfagaininthebackstreetsofAhmedabador

Isfhanan,RamallahorBari.

NowIhaveestablishedmyhomeinthelandscapeofDevon.Here,walking31

meandmydogDharmaasanessentialdailypractice.Theworldoutsideourfrontdoorisan_

32thetiring,routineaspectsofourlives.Ifsaplacewherewewatchtheseasonschange

and33themovementofthesunandthelightaroundthemoon.Wewalkthesame

34dayafterday,buteveryminuteofeveryhourcanfeellike35.

21.A.rescuersB.parentsC.teachersD.artists

22.A.recordB.wasteC.saveD.pass

23.A.jobB.habitC.ambitionD.response

24.A.findB.catchC.meetD.put

25.A.bareB.solidC.illegalD.unfamiliar

26.A.conflictedB.changedC.stuckD.started

27.A.tiredB.giftedC.committedD.complicated

28.A.inturnB.infactC.inparticularD.inaddition

29.A.apartmentsB.locationsC.opportunitiesD.challenges

30.A.involvedB.engagedC.paidD.lost

31.A.acceptsB.servesC.treatsD.strikes

32.A.influenceonB.escapefromc.interestinD.entryto

33.A.blockB.controlc.adjustD.sense

34.A.directionB.speedc.pathD.campus

35.A.newB.freec.realD.complete

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

TheDragonBoatFestival,alsoknownastheDuanwuFestival,isatraditionalChinese

holidaycelebratednationwide36(remember)QuYuan,oneofthegreatestpoetsof

ancientChinaandthe37(early)knownbyname.WhenQuYuanjumpedintoariver

outofloveforhiscountryin278BC,people38(desperate)rowedoutinboatsto

searchforhim.ThisinspiredtheDragonBoatFestival,whichtakesplaceeachyearonthe

fifthdayofthefifthmonthoftheChinesecalendar,39daywhenQuYuandied.

FestivitiesvaryindifferentpartsofChina,40theyshareseveraltraditions,dragon

boatracingincluded.Rowerssitinlargedragon-shapedboatsandrowthem41the

beatofadrum(鼓),whichisusuallyplayedbysomeone42(seat)atthefrontofthe

boat.Anotherfeatureofthecelebrationsisapopularsnackcalledzongzior43(stick)

ricedumplings.Itisbelievedthatzongzi,whichrepresentgoodluck,44(throw)into

therivertostopfisheatingQuYuan'sbody.InsomepartsofChina,mugwort(艾草)leaves

canbeseen45(hang)ondoorsorwindowsduringtheDragonBoatFestivalto

discourageinsectsfromenteringthehouse.

第四部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)(滿分15分)

46.假定你是李華。請(qǐng)給你的外國(guó)朋友Ryan寫(xiě)一封信，分享你最近的一次家務(wù)勞動(dòng)經(jīng)

歷。內(nèi)容包括：

1.勞動(dòng)過(guò)程；

2.勞動(dòng)感受。

注意：

1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

試卷第8頁(yè)，共10頁(yè)

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearRyan,

Ihopetohearfromyousoon.Bestwishes!

Yours,

LiHua

第二節(jié)（滿分25分）

47.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

AlexsatquietlyatthebackofhisChineseclass,hiseyesfixedonthetextbookbefore

him.Asashyandunnoticedstudent,hefeltlikealonewolf,strugglingagainstthe

complexitiesofhighschoollife.MsLau,hisChineseteacher,wasalightinhisotherwise

darkworld.Herwarmsmileandgentlebehaviormadeherstandoutamongtheseaof

teachers.Shewastheonlyonewhoseemedtounderstandhisconservativenature,always

encouraginghimtostepoutofhiscomfortzone.

Oneday,afterclass,MsLauapproachedAlexwithexcitementshininginhereyes.

“Alex,Ihaveanofferforyou,^^shesaid,hervoicefilledwithenthusiasm.t4Iamorganizinga

culturalexchangeprogramtoChina,andIbelieveitwouldbeagreatopportunityforyouto

exploreanewworld.^^

Alex'sheartskippedabeat,theprospectoftravelingtoaforeigncountrybothexciting

andterrifying.Hehesitated,unsureifhehadthecouragetostartsuchanadventure.ButMs

Lau'sfirmbeliefinhimgavehimthepushheneededtotakealeapoffaith.

UnderMsLau'sguidance,Alexbeganpreparingforthetrip.Hegotreallyinterestedin

Chinesecultureandlearnedaboutitslonghistoryandtraditions.MsLaubecamehis

mentor（導(dǎo)師），teachinghimnotonlythelanguagebutalsoinvaluablelifelessons.Shetaught

himtheimportanceofbeingconfidentandnotgivingup,remindinghimthatgrowthonly

happensoutsideone'scomfortzone.

Thedayofdeparturearrived,andAlexfoundhimselfonaplaneheadedforChina.He

couldn'thelpbutfeelamazedashesteppedofftheplaneandintoaworldsodifferentfrom

hisown.Thebusystreets,brightcolors,andunfamiliarsoundsfloodedhissenses.Yet,Ms

Lau'scomfortingpresencebyhissideprovidedhimwiththestrengthtofacetheunknown.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150詞左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DuringtheirtimeinChina,Alexwholeheartedlyenjoyedtheexperience.

BackintheUnitedStates,Alexwasachangedperson.

試卷第10頁(yè)，共10頁(yè)

1.A2.C3.B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四部被評(píng)論家認(rèn)為是年度最佳的小說(shuō)。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheLoveSongsofW.E.B.DuBois中“Thenovelfromacelebratedpoet

（這是一位著名詩(shī)人寫(xiě)的小說(shuō)）“可知，這部作品是由詩(shī)人創(chuàng)作的。故選A項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KlaraandtheSun中“ButheroutsiderviewallowstheauthorofRemains

oftheDay,nowaNobelPrizewinner,toexplorewhatmakespeopleirreplaceable.（但她的局夕卜

人視角讓《長(zhǎng)日將盡》的作者，現(xiàn)在的諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主，去探索是什么讓人不可替代）”可知，

這部作品探討的核心主題是人的不可替代性。故選C項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Critics'choice:Theyear'sbestnovels...（評(píng)論家之選：本年度最佳

小說(shuō)……）”可知，這四部作品都是由評(píng)論家挑選的。故選B項(xiàng)。

4.B5.A6.D7.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了海洋動(dòng)物不同于陸地動(dòng)物的睡眠方式，魚(yú)類保

持部分警覺(jué)，眼睛睜著休息，很多動(dòng)物也會(huì)減少活動(dòng)達(dá)到休息的目的，而海豚、海牛等哺乳

動(dòng)物在水下睡覺(jué)時(shí)僅會(huì)關(guān)閉大腦的一側(cè)，以保持呼吸。

4.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞所在句的下文“Formammals（哺乳動(dòng)物）,agoodnighfssleepsends

ananimalintoastateofunconsciousness（無(wú)知覺(jué)）duringhoursofrestorativesleepingthathelps

healthebodyandsolidifymemoriesfirmlyinthemind.Forfish,however,sleepisn'tsucha

well-definedprocess.（對(duì)于哺乳動(dòng)物來(lái)說(shuō)，晚上睡個(gè)好覺(jué)會(huì)讓它們?cè)诨謴?fù)性睡眠的幾個(gè)小時(shí)

內(nèi)進(jìn)入無(wú)意識(shí)狀態(tài)，這有助于治愈身體，并在大腦中牢固地鞏固記憶。然而，對(duì)于魚(yú)類來(lái)說(shuō)，

睡眠并不是一個(gè)定義明確的過(guò)程）”可知，此處是對(duì)比海洋生物和陸地上哺乳動(dòng)物的睡眠情況,

畫(huà)線詞所在句的意思應(yīng)該是“水下睡眠的世界與我們?cè)谒嫔峡吹降牟煌?，slumber意思應(yīng)

該是“睡眠"，與sleep意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Forfish,however,sleepisn'tsuchawell-definedprocess.Instead,

manyfishspecieshavetakentospendingshortperiodsinastateofreducedactivityorrestwhile

keepingtheireyesopentoscanthewaterforpotentialthreats.（然而,對(duì)于魚(yú)類來(lái)說(shuō)，睡眠并不

是一個(gè)定義明確的過(guò)程。相反，許多魚(yú)類會(huì)在短時(shí)間內(nèi)減少活動(dòng)或休息，同時(shí)睜大眼睛掃視

水中潛在的威脅）”可知，魚(yú)類很難定義睡眠的原因是它們會(huì)保持部分清醒。故選A項(xiàng)。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,itmustbereallyhardtogetagoodnighfssleepwhen

答案第1頁(yè)，共12頁(yè)

youbreatheairbutliveinwater.Thisissomethingthattheworld'sunderwatermammalshaveto

dealwith.（然而，當(dāng)你呼吸空氣卻生活在水中時(shí)，你一定很難睡個(gè)好覺(jué)。這是世界上的水下

哺乳動(dòng)物不得不面對(duì)的問(wèn)題）”可知，水下哺乳動(dòng)物面對(duì)的挑戰(zhàn)是在睡覺(jué)的同時(shí)進(jìn)行呼吸。故

選D項(xiàng)。

7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“However,asair-breathinganimals,manateesneedtosurface

every20minutesorsoforoxygen.Toachievethis,thehalfofthebrainthafsstillawakesendsthe

sleepingmanateetothesurfacetogetsomeair.（然而，作為呼吸空氣的動(dòng)物，海牛需要每20

分鐘左右浮出水面吸氧。為了達(dá)到這個(gè)目的，仍然清醒的那一半大腦會(huì)把睡著的海牛送到水

面上呼吸一些空氣）”可知，海牛通過(guò)定期浮出水面來(lái)證睡眠時(shí)的氧氣供應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)。

8.D9.A10.C11.A

【分析】文章是說(shuō)明文。介紹了Lum教授似乎被ChatGPT迷住了，認(rèn)為ChatGPT有非常多

的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但是作者提醒不能過(guò)多依賴技術(shù)，應(yīng)把重點(diǎn)放在發(fā)展批判性思維、促進(jìn)真正的人際

互動(dòng)和強(qiáng)調(diào)教育的核心方面。

8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段第二句“Sure,ifslikehavingawalkingencyclopedia（百科全書(shū)），

butlearningisnotaboutcopyingananswer.%當(dāng)然，這就像有一本活百科全書(shū)，但學(xué)習(xí)并不是

復(fù)制答案。）和文章第二段第四句"ChatGPT,armedwithitsvastdatabase,deniesstudentsthe

opportunitytoexploreandlearnthroughtheirownefforts.”（擁有龐大數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的ChatGPT剝奪了

學(xué)生通過(guò)自己的努力探索和學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。）可知，ChatGPT為學(xué)生提供了豐富的信息，但是

同時(shí)也剝奪了孩子自努力探索學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)，答案都是直接獲得。就好比比賽還未開(kāi)始就頒發(fā)

了參賽獎(jiǎng)牌，所以此處參賽獎(jiǎng)牌指的是學(xué)習(xí)之旅還未開(kāi)始就提供了答案。故選D項(xiàng)。

9.推理判斷題。文章第三段“ChattingwithanAIisnotthesameashavingarealconversation.

Howcanweexpectstudentstohandlethecomplexitiesoftherealworldifalltheyknowishowto

talktoachatbot?Lefsnotturnthemintosociallyawkwardbotsthemselves.”（與人工智能聊天

并不等同于進(jìn)行真正的對(duì)話。如果學(xué)生只知道如何與聊天機(jī)器人交談，我們?cè)趺茨苤竿麄?/p>

處理現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的復(fù)雜性？我們不要把他們自己變成社交尷尬的機(jī)器人。）文章第四段“It，s

merelyamachine!It'snotgoingtoteachthemhowtoquestionassumptions,analyzeevidence,or

comeupwithinnovativesolutions.Weneedhumaninteractionandlivelydebatesforthat."（這只

是一臺(tái)機(jī)器！它不會(huì)教他們?nèi)绾钨|(zhì)疑假設(shè)、分析證據(jù)或提出創(chuàng)新的解決方案。為此，我們需

要人與人之間的互動(dòng)和激烈的辯論。）和文章第五段“ChatGPTmightoffersomecomforting

答案第2頁(yè)，共12頁(yè)

words,butitcan'treplacethewarmthandunderstandingthatcanonlybefoundinhuman

interaction."（ChatGPT可能會(huì)提供一些安慰的話語(yǔ)，但它無(wú)法取代只有在人類互動(dòng)中才能找

到的溫暖和理解。）可知，作者針對(duì)Lum教授提出的關(guān)于ChatGPT在與人交往方面的優(yōu)點(diǎn)都

提出了反駁。認(rèn)為ChatGPT無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)真正人與人之間的互動(dòng)和交流，也無(wú)法取代只有在人

類社交互動(dòng)中才能找到的溫暖和理解。所以可推測(cè)ChatGPT不善于人際交往。故選A項(xiàng)。

10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句"Whileitdoeshavesomebenefits,hisargumentsare

likealeakyboatinastormysea-fullofholes.”（雖然這確實(shí)有一些好處，但他的論點(diǎn)就像暴風(fēng)

雨中漏洞百出的船。）可知，作者認(rèn)為ChatGPT確實(shí)存在一些優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但對(duì)于Lum教授認(rèn)為

ChatGPT可以提升交際技能，培養(yǎng)批判性思維和提供支持和指導(dǎo)作者持不贊成和懷疑態(tài)度。

故填C項(xiàng)。

11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ProfessorLumseemstobeunderthespellofChatGPT,butlet's

notgetcarriedawaywiththeAIchatbotcraze.Whileitdoeshavesomebenefits,hisarguments

arelikealeakyboatinastormysea-fullofholes.”（Lum教授似乎被ChatGPT迷住了，但我們

不要被人工智能聊天機(jī)器人的熱潮沖昏頭腦。雖然這確實(shí)有一些好處，但他的論點(diǎn)就像暴風(fēng)

雨中漏洞百出的船。）和最后一段"ProfessorLum'sopinionregardingChatGPTwarnsusagainst

toomuchrelianceontechnology.RatherthanprioritizingChatGPT,thefocusshouldbeon

developingcriticalthinking,promotinggenuinehumaninteraction,andemphasizingthecore

aspectsofeducation."（Lum教授關(guān)于ChatGPT的觀點(diǎn)警告我們不要過(guò)度依賴技術(shù)。與其優(yōu)先

考慮ChatGPT,不如把重點(diǎn)放在發(fā)展批判性思維、促進(jìn)真正的人際互動(dòng)和強(qiáng)調(diào)教育的核心方

面。）可知，作者針對(duì)Lum教授的觀點(diǎn)提出了反駁。作者認(rèn)為不要過(guò)度依賴技術(shù)，應(yīng)把重點(diǎn)

放在發(fā)展批判性思維、促進(jìn)真正的人際互動(dòng)和強(qiáng)調(diào)教育的核心方面。故選A項(xiàng)。

12.D13.C14.B15.B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章討論了許多研究者認(rèn)為經(jīng)過(guò)良好設(shè)計(jì)的大腦練習(xí)能夠改善

記憶力，但批評(píng)者則對(duì)這些應(yīng)用程序的有效性表示懷疑，值得注意的是，雖然有證據(jù)顯示短

期記憶訓(xùn)練對(duì)高功能人群有益，但大腦訓(xùn)練并不是對(duì)每個(gè)人都有效。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theycomparethebraintomuscles,suggestingthattargeted

repetitionofmemoryexercisescanstrengthenandconditionourmemoryprocesses,similarto

howathletesengageinstrengthandconditioningbyrepeatedlyexercisingspecificmusclegroups.

（他們將大腦類比于肌肉，表明有針對(duì)性的重復(fù)記憶練習(xí)可以加強(qiáng)和調(diào)節(jié)我們的記憶過(guò)程，

答案第3頁(yè)，共12頁(yè)

類似于運(yùn)動(dòng)員通過(guò)反復(fù)鍛煉特定肌肉群來(lái)增強(qiáng)力量和調(diào)節(jié)能力）”可知，許多研究者認(rèn)為大腦

類似于肌肉，也可以通過(guò)重復(fù)的練習(xí)來(lái)得到加強(qiáng)和調(diào)節(jié)，即訓(xùn)練方法相似。故選D項(xiàng)。

13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Incontrasttoeverydayactivitieslikereadingadetailedarticleor

solvingacomplexpuzzle,memorytrainingappsarespecificallydesignedtoprovideamore

challengingworkoutforthebrain.Theseappstypicallyinvolvetasksthatrequiretrackingalarge

numberofobjectswhilebeingdistractedbyasecondarytask,suchasmentalcalculationsor

exploringagame'slandscape.（與閱讀一篇詳細(xì)的文章或解決一個(gè)復(fù)雜的謎題等日?；顒?dòng)不

同，記憶訓(xùn)練應(yīng)用程序是專門(mén)為大腦提供更具挑戰(zhàn)性的鍛煉而設(shè)計(jì)的。這些應(yīng)用通常涉及需

要跟蹤大量對(duì)象的任務(wù)，同時(shí)被次要任務(wù)分散注意力，例如心算或探索游戲景觀）”可知，記

憶訓(xùn)練應(yīng)用程序中典型任務(wù)的主要特點(diǎn)是具有挑戰(zhàn)性，非常苛刻。故選C項(xiàng)。

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Critics,though,arguethatwhiletheconceptisappealing,the

overallevidencefailstodemonstratesignificantimprovementincorebrainprocesses.（然而，批評(píng)

者認(rèn)為，盡管這個(gè)概念很吸引人，但總體證據(jù)未能證明大腦核心過(guò)程有顯著改善）”可知，批

評(píng)者認(rèn)為記憶訓(xùn)練應(yīng)用程序缺乏經(jīng)過(guò)證實(shí)的效果。故選B項(xiàng)。

15.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章的話題是通過(guò)手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序進(jìn)行大腦訓(xùn)練以提高記憶

力，許多研究者認(rèn)為經(jīng)過(guò)良好設(shè)計(jì)的大腦練習(xí)能夠改善記憶力，但批評(píng)者則對(duì)這些應(yīng)用程序

的有效性表示懷疑，值得注意的是，雖然有證據(jù)顯示短期記憶訓(xùn)練對(duì)高功能人群有益，但大

腦訓(xùn)練并不是對(duì)每個(gè)人都有效。因此，B項(xiàng)“大腦訓(xùn)練真的有效嗎？”契合文章主旨，最適合

作為標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。

16.E17.B18.G19.F20.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要為高三的學(xué)生介紹了如何有效地管理和減輕這一年可

能面臨的壓力。

16.前文“Thesenioryearofhighschoolcanbearollercoasterrideofemotionsasyoustartthe

journeytowardscollegeandadulthood.（隨著你開(kāi)始邁向大學(xué)和成年的旅程，高中的最后一年

可能是一次情緒的過(guò)山車(chē)）”說(shuō)明學(xué)生在高中的最后一年情緒起伏會(huì)很大，后文“butitcanalso

bestressful（但它也會(huì)帶來(lái)壓力）”說(shuō)明會(huì)有壓力，結(jié)合but可知空處內(nèi)容與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，指

出這段時(shí)間是令人開(kāi)心的，因此E項(xiàng)"It'sa