牛津譯林版（2020）高中英語選修一Unit4ExploringpoetryGrammarandusage同步完整課件

牛津譯林版高中英語選擇性必修一課件

Unit4Exploringpoetry

Grammarandusage

Overviewofto-infinitives,

verb-ingandverb-edforms◆?內(nèi)容分析本板塊圍繞單元話題以“浪漫派詩歌和詩人”創(chuàng)設情境，對之前所學的非謂語動詞的用法進行系統(tǒng)回顧和復習。教學活動首先在有關(guān)“浪漫派詩歌和詩人”的語篇中觀察、探究、總結(jié)非謂語動詞在文中的使用，辨識非謂語動詞在句中所做的成分；再通過句子、語篇兩個層面的鞏固練習內(nèi)化非謂語動詞的知識；最后綜合運用非謂語動詞完成一個語言輸出任務，實現(xiàn)“形式—意義—使用”三者的統(tǒng)一?！?教學目標

Bytheendofthissection,wewillbeableto:1.identifyandcategorize(將…分類；把…加以歸類)[?k?t?ɡ?ra?z]theuseofto-infinitives,verb-ing,andverb-edforms;2.summarizegeneralrulesofto-infinitives,verb-ing,andverb-edforms;3.usetherightformsofto-infinitives,verb-ing,andverb-edtofinishtaskssuchasrewritingsentences,completinganarticleandwritingontheimportanceofreadingpoems.◆?教學過程A.Exploringtherules

A1.BelowisanintroductiontoRomanticpoetry.Findthesentencesthatuseto-infinitives,verb-ingorverb-edformsandfillinthetablebelow.Onehasbeendoneforyou.Romanticism[r???m?nt?s?z?m]wasaculturalmovementfromthelate18thtothemid-19thcentury.Itwasatimewhenmanypainters,musicians,novelistsandpoetslookedattheworldinnewanddifferentways.TheaimoftheRomanticswastobreakwiththeidealsofthe18thcentury:theyrefusedtofollowrigidrules;instead,theyputemphasisontheimportanceofimaginationandfeeling,theloveofnatureandareturntothepast.InEngland,thegreatestachievementsoftheRomanticmovementlayinpoetry,especiallythatofWilliamWordsworth[?w?lj?m?w??dzw?θ],SamuelTaylorColeridge[?s?mju?l?te?l??k??l?r?d?],GeorgeGordonByron[d???d??g??dn?ba?r?n]andPercyByssheShelley[?p??sib????eli].Duringthattime,Englandwasundergoingaprocesscalledindustrialization.Largefactorieswerebeingbuiltandpeopleweremadetoworklonghours.Romanticpoetswereoftennotpleasedwithwhatwashappeningintheircountryandtheywerenotalwaysinterestedintheimprovementsinscience.Instead,theyadvocatedgoingbacktonature.Asaresult,celebrating(贊美；頌揚；歌頌)thebeautyofnatureandcountrylifebecameacommonthemeinRomanticpoetry.Thepoetsalsowroteaboutindividualfeelingsandbeliefs.Exploringtheworldofemotionandshowingthebeautyofnature,thepoetryoftheRomanticeraisoneofthegreatesttreasuresinWesternliterature.RomanticismDefinitionItwasa(1)_________________fromthelate18thtothemid-19thcentury,involving(2)___________________________andpoets.Theaim●To(3)____________________ofthe18thcentury●Toputemphasisontheimportanceofimaginationandfeeling,(4)__________________andareturntothepastRepresentativesofEnglishpoetsThecommonthemeinRomanticpoetryCelebratingthebeautyof(6)_____________________ThesignificanceThepoetryoftheRomanticeraisoneof(7)______________________________________culturalmovementpainters,musicians,novelistsbreakwiththeidealstheloveofnature(5)WilliamWordsworth,SamuelTaylorColeridge,GeorgeGordonByronandPercyByssheShelleynatureandcountrylifethegreatesttreasuresinWesternliteratureA2.GothroughtheintroductionandfillinthetableofpartAonpage48.SubjectsPredicativesObjectsComplementsAttributivesAdverbials...,celebratingthebeautyofnatureandcountrylifebecameacommonthemeinRomanticpoetry.TheaimoftheRomanticswastobreakwith...Romanticpoetswereoftennotpleasedwith......theywerenotalwaysinterestedin......theyrefusedtofollowrigidrules;...Instead,theyadvocatedgoingbacktonature....peopleweremadetoworklonghours....aprocesscalledindustrialization.Exploringtheworldofemotionandshowingthebeautyofnature,...A3.Workingouttherules.P48.?Theto-infinitiveoftenreferstoanactionthatwillhappeninthefuture;theverb-ingform,acontinuingaction;andtheverb-edform,apastaction.?Generallyspeaking,theverb-ingformexpressesa(n)(1)

______(active/passive)meaning,whiletheverb-edformexpressesa(n)(2)

________(active/passive)meaning.activepassive?Theto-infinitivecanbeusedasthe(3)

_____________ofasentence.Theverb-ingformcanbeusedasthe(4)

_____________ofasentence.Theverb-edformcanbeusedasthe(5)

_________ofasentence.*Youcanchoosemorethanoneanswerforeachblank.a.subjectb.predicativec.objectd.complemente.attributivef.adverbiala,b,c,d,e,fa,b,c,d,e,fb,d,e,fA4.Gothrough“Grammarnotes”frompage95to97.非謂語動詞綜述非謂語動詞通常指動詞不定式、動詞-ing形式和動詞-ed形式，在句中可用作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語和補語。見下表：1.非謂語動詞作主語：動詞不定式與動詞-ing形式(1)動詞不定式和動詞-ing形式都可以在句中用作主語。不定式作主語時常常用形式主語it代替，不定式置于句末。如：Collectingstampsismyhobby.Itismyhobbytocollectstamps.(2)動詞-ing形式有時也用形式主語it代替，動詞-ing形式置于句末。如：Itisnogoodpretendingtoknowwhatyoudonotknow.Itisnousecomplaining.2.非謂語動詞作賓語：動詞不定式與動詞-ing形式(1)在afford,

agree,

arrange,

choose,

claim,

desire,

expect,

fail,

hope,

intend,offer,

pretend,

promise,

refuse,

wish等動詞后，常接動詞不定式作賓語。如：Mikeofferedtohelpme.Tompromisedtogowithme.(2)在advise,

admit,

avoid,

consider,

deny,

enjoy,

finish,practise,

suggest等動詞以及burstout,

giveup,

insiston,

keepon,

putoff等短語后，常接動詞-ing形式作賓語。如：Iconsideredgoingtoseehiminperson.Everyoneburstoutlaughing.(3)在like,

love,

begin,

start等動詞后，既可以接動詞不定式作賓語，也可以接動詞-ing形式作賓語，但二者區(qū)別不大，常可以交換使用。如：Ilikesinging.=Iliketosing.Itstartedraining.=Itstartedtorain.(4)在remember,

forget,

regret,

try,

mean等動詞后，既可以接動詞不定式作賓語，也可以接動詞-ing形式作賓語，但二者意義不同。如：Irememberseeinghimbefore.（我記得曾經(jīng)見過他。）Remembertotellhimaboutit.（記得把這件事告訴他。）Inowregrettellingthelie.（我現(xiàn)在后悔說謊了。）Iregrettotellyouthebadnews.（我很遺憾告訴你這個壞消息。）(5)介詞后一般只接動詞-ing形式作賓語。如：Howaboutcomingwithus?3.非謂語動詞作表語：動詞不定式、動詞-ing形式與動詞-ed形式(1)動詞不定式可以在句中用作表語，說明主語所指的內(nèi)容，動詞不定式可以帶邏輯主語。動詞不定式作表語，有的情況下to可以省略。如：Mypurposeistohelpthem.Myhopeisforallmemberstocometogether.AllIdidwas(to)givehimalittlepush(鼓勵；激勵).(2)動詞-ing形式和動詞-ed形式可以在句中用作表語，說明主語的特征或者狀態(tài)，動詞-ing形式還可以表示主語所指的內(nèi)容。如：Thebookwassointerestingthathealmostforgotthetime.Heisveryconcernedwiththematter.Thisisaskingfortrouble.要自找麻煩；要自討苦吃4.非謂語動詞作定語：動詞不定式、動詞-ing形式與動詞-ed形式(1)動詞不定式作定語常表示將要發(fā)生的事，動詞-ing形式作定語常表示正在發(fā)生的事，動詞-ed形式作定語常表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事或表示被動意義。如：Ihaveameetingtoattendtomorrow.Theboystandingthereismyfriend.Jackclearedthefallenleavesontheground.ManystudentsliketoreadnovelswritteninEnglish.(2)動詞不定式和動詞-ing形式作定語時可以有被動形式。如：Thebuildingtobebuiltinthesquarewillbeanewlibrary.Doyouseethehousebeingbuiltoverthere?5.非謂語動詞作狀語：動詞不定式、動詞-ing形式與動詞-ed形式(1)動詞不定式作狀語可以表示目的或者結(jié)果，動詞-ing形式和動詞-ed形式作狀語可以表示時間、原因、伴隨等意義。如：Susancametoseeme.Shelivedtobeonehundred.Isattherewaitingforhim.Deeplymoved,Idecidedtofollowhisexample.(2)動詞-ing形式具有主動意義，動詞-ed形式具有被動意義。如：Shewasinthekitchenpreparingdinner.Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo.(3)動詞-ing形式作狀語可用完成式。如：Havingfinishedtheirwork,theyhadagoodrest.6.非謂語動詞作補語：動詞不定式、動詞-ing形式與動詞-ed形式(1)在expect,

forbid,

force,

order,

permit,

request,

warn等動詞后，常接“名詞/代詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，動詞不定式作補語。如：Wecanalwaysexpecthimtohelpus.Hewarnedustobecareful.(2)在see,

hear,

notice,

watch,

feel等動詞后，可以接不帶to的動詞不定式作補語，表示動作的整個過程；這些動詞也可以接動詞-ing形式作補語，表示動作正在進行。如：Isawhimcrossthestreetandenterashop.（我看見他穿過馬路然后進了一家商店。）Isawhimcrossingthestreet.（我看見他正在過馬路。）(3)動詞-ed形式作補語常表示被動意義。如：Howwouldyoulikeyourhaircut?Wemustgetourworkfinishedby10o’clock.B.ApplyingtherulesB1.Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingto-infinitives,verb-ingorverb-edforms.P491.Romanticpoetsexperimentedwithnewpoeticforms.Theywereparticularlyinterestedinit.Romanticpoetswereparticularly_____________________________________________.interestedinexperimentingwithnewpoeticforms2.Romanticpoetsoftenmentionedtheeffectofbeautyonthepoet’simaginationwhentheydescribednaturalscenes.Romanticpoetsoftenmentionedtheeffectofbeautyonthepoet’simaginationwhen____________________________.describingnaturalscenes3.Poemsthatfocusonnatureoftenstressthemomentofinspiration.Poems__________________oftenstressthemomentofinspiration.4.ManyRomanticpoemsarefilledwithdescriptionsofmagicandancientthemes,andcontainrichsensorydetails.________________________________________________,manyRomanticpoemscontainrichsensorydetails.focusingonnatureFilledwithdescriptionsofmagicandancientthemes5.SinceRomanticpoetswerehighlycolourfulandindependentindividuals,findingconcernscommontoallofthemissometimesdifficult.SinceRomanticpoetswerehighlycolourfulandindependentindividuals,itissometimesdifficult_______________________________________.tofindconcernscommontoallofthemB2.BelowisanarticleabouttheEnglishpoetWilliamWordsworth.Completethearticlewiththecorrectto-infinitives,verb-ingorverb-edformsoftheverbsinthebrackets.P49Bornin1770,WilliamWordsworthwasoneofthe(1)

________(最重要的；一流的)(lead)poetsoftheRomanticmovementinEngland.(2)

________(grow)upinthebeautifulLakeDistrict,Wordsworthhadachildhoodthatwasperfectforadevelopingpoet.(3)

_________(educate)atCambridge,Wordsworthreceivedhisdegreein1791.Hespentalotoftime(4)

________(tour)inEurope.leadingGrowingEducatedtouringTravellingobviouslyprovidedWordsworthwithplentyofideasforhispoems.In1795,hemetSamuelTaylorColeridgeandthetwotalentedyoungmenbecameclosefriends.(5)

_______(meet)ColeridgehadahugeimpactonWordsworth.LyricalBallads

《抒情歌謠集》[?l?r?kl?b?l?dz],acollectionofpoems(6)

________(write)togetherwithColeridge,wasWordsworth’sfirstgreatwork.MeetingwrittenItwaspublishedin1798andmarkedthestartoftheRomanticerainpoetry.Wordsworthexplainedthattheywantedtowritepoetrythatordinarypeoplecoulduse(7)

___________(express)theirfeelings.Manyofthepoemsinthecollectionwereaboutreturningtonature.LikeotherRomantics,Wordsworthpreferred(8)

_____________(live)inthecountryratherthaninthecity.toexpressliving/toliveNowfillinatimelinetableaccordingtothepassage.WilliamWordsworth:a(1)______________oftheRomanticmovementinEngland1770HewasborninEngland.179117951798leadingpoetHereceivedhisdegreefromCambridge.HemetSamuelTaylorColeridgeandthetwobecameclosefriends.LyricalBallads,acollectionofpoemswaspublished,whichwasWordsworth’sfirstgreatworkandmarkedthestartoftheRomanticerainpoetry.B3.Writeabouttheimportanceofreadingpoems.Thinkofatleastonereasonandgivesupportingdetails,usingto-infinitives,verb-ingorverb-edforms.Usetheexamplebelowtohelpyou.Example:Readingpoemshelpsmeunderstandthebeautyoflanguage.Therearealotofpoeticdevices(手段；策略；方法；技巧)employedinpoems,suchasrhymeandmetaphor.Whenreadingthesebeautifullywrittenlines,Icanenjoythebeautyofthelanguage.PossibleanswerReadingpoemshelpsdevelopdeepinsightintowhatthepoetwantstoexpress.Everypoemisuniquetoitspoetanditsmessagemightfirstneedtobediscoveredbeforeitcanbeunderstood.Apoemalsorepresentswhatthepoetwasexperiencingatt