外研版中考英語復(fù)習(xí)專題四短文填空教學(xué)課件

專題四短文填空

2023新考法：12選10題型分析概況：2023年廣東中考短文填空題有重大變化，從無提示填詞變?yōu)檫x詞填空，12選10，并要求用單詞的正確形式填空，整體難度有所降低。短文填空題共10小題，每小題1.5分，共15分，所考查的語篇一般是一篇故事性小短文或說明文，語篇話題與學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)及生活息息相關(guān)。考點：短文填空題主要考查九大詞類：名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、連詞、介詞、冠詞?？偨Y(jié)：此題型要考學(xué)生在理解文章大意的基礎(chǔ)上考慮詞法、句法，以及研究語篇、句子的結(jié)構(gòu)、銜接和連貫問題，旨在考查學(xué)生綜合運用語言的能力。題目雖然提供了單詞選項，但是挖空的地方通常有一些巧妙的設(shè)計，需要學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文對單詞進(jìn)行變形，故審題需細(xì)致。備考指南考點清單

短文填空題要求學(xué)生既能選中單詞，又要寫得對單詞。所以在解題時，先略讀全文，對全文有大概了解。然后運用所學(xué)的知識與技巧，根據(jù)文章大意，逐個填空。易的先填，難的做標(biāo)記后填，堅持不留空。全部題目完成后，再復(fù)讀一遍，核查答案。1

通讀全文，了解大意解題技巧2

周密分析，選出多數(shù)（1）結(jié)構(gòu)分析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷所填空格的詞性。（2）邏輯推理：根據(jù)上下文，分析句子間的邏輯關(guān)系，推出所填空格的詞義。（3）語境推斷：根據(jù)前后語境，推出所填空格的詞匯及其形式。（4）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)：包括原詞、同義詞、近義詞、反義詞、概括詞和代詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)。（5）固定搭配：熟記初中階段常用的短語。3

排除干擾，確定選項4

復(fù)讀文章，仔細(xì)檢查（1）檢查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致。（2）檢查名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)及所有格。（3）檢查形容詞和副詞的三個級別。（4）檢查習(xí)慣用語、固定搭配等是否符合習(xí)慣。（5）檢查上下文的連貫性，以及所填詞是否符合邏輯。五、短文填空（本大題共10小題，每小題1.5分，共15分） 請從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余項。請將答案寫在答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答題位置上。考題精解iteitherbebecausewhatelsebyinventcleanpopularhabithundred

Thereisasmallthingweuseeveryday.Weusuallyput__66__inthebathroom.Withoutit,wemighthavetoothproblems.Canyouguess__67__itis?Yes,it'sthetoothbrush.Butdoyouknowanythingaboutitshistory?【語篇解讀】

本文是一篇說明文，介紹了牙刷的發(fā)展歷史和功能。【答案詳解】66.it考查人稱代詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處缺少賓語，用于指代前一句話的“asmallthing”。故填it。67.what考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。本句為賓語從句，意為“你能猜出它是什么嗎？”根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處缺少賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。故填what。

Accordingtosomeresearch,beforetoothbrushesappeared,theancientChinesepeople__68__theirteethwithsomesmalltreebranches(樹枝).About800yearsago,peoplemadeakindofbrusheswithpighairandbamboo.Itmight__69__theworld'searliestformoftoothbrushes.【答案詳解】68.cleaned考查動詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處缺少謂語動詞。由空格后的“theirteeth”可判斷選項中的clean最符合語境。句中的“theancientChinesepeople”意為“古代的中國人”，由此可判定句子時態(tài)為一般過去時。故填cleaned。69.be考查系動詞。本句意為“這可能是世界上最早的牙刷。”此處是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，情態(tài)動詞might后跟be動詞原形。故填be。Astimewent__70__,theformsoftoothbrusheschanged.Forexample,peoplechosehorse-tailhairinsteadofpighair__71__pighairwastoohard.Imaginethatyoutravelbackto__72__ofyearsagoandbrushyourteethcomfortably.Itsoundsfantastic,doesn'tit?【答案詳解】70.by考查介詞。Astimewentby是短語，意為“隨著時間的流逝”。故填by。71.because考查連詞。本句意為“例如，人們選擇馬尾毛而不是豬毛，因為豬毛太硬了?！鼻昂缶渲g是因果關(guān)系。故填because。72.hundreds 考查數(shù)詞。本句意為“想象一下，你回到幾百年前，舒舒服服地刷牙。”hundredsof是短語，意為“數(shù)以百計的”。故填hundreds。

Aroundthe15thcentury,theChinesetoothbrushfounditswayintoEurope.Itbecame__73__amonglocalpeoplesoon.The__74__oftoothbrusheswasnotasfamousasthatofpaper-making,butitwasveryusefulindailylife.【答案詳解】73.popular考查形容詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處缺少表語。系動詞后面接形容詞作表語。本句意為“它在當(dāng)?shù)厝酥泻芸扉_始流行起來?！惫侍頿opular。74.invention考查名詞。本句意為“牙刷的發(fā)明不像造紙術(shù)的發(fā)明那樣出名，但是它在日常生活中非常有用?！眔f結(jié)構(gòu)表示所有格，應(yīng)填名詞。invent為動詞，其名詞形式為invention。故填invention。Todaywehaveagood__75__ofbrushingteeth.WeshouldthanktheancientChineseforit.(2023廣東)【答案詳解】75.habit考查名詞。本句意為“如今我們養(yǎng)成了刷牙的好習(xí)慣。”haveagoodhabitof…意為“有一個……的好習(xí)慣”。故填habit。高分演練模擬題(一)

主題：茶文化難度：★★建議用時：6mins 請從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余項。milkagomuchhowwateryesinbecomegooditnodrink Wouldyouliketostartyourdaywithacupoftea?Iftheansweris__1__,youmayhavethesamehabitasmanypeople. Youmaynotknow__2__popularteais.Amongallkindsofdrinks,teaisoneofthetoptwochoices.Peoplelikeitbecauseitis__3__fortheirhealth. Teaismostlyproduced__4__AsiancountrieslikeChinaandIndia.Chinesepeoplestartedtodrinkteaasearlyas5,000years__5__.Atthattime,peoplemadeteainasimpleway.Theyjustputfreshtealeavesintohot__6__.yeshowgoodinagowater Teawasn'tintroducedintoEuropeuntiltheearly17thcentury.Andnowithas__7__popularinEuropeandAmerica.Peoplethereliketo__8__teawithsugarormilkinit.Asthepopulationofteadrinkersgetslarger,teabusinessisgetting__9__importantthanbefore. ThefirstInternationalTeaDaywasonMay21st,2020.Sincethen,peoplehavecelebrated___10___everyyear.TheDaymakespeoplerealizetheimportanceofteaworkersandtheirwork.（2022廣東改編）becomedrinkmoreit1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________yeshowgoodinagowaterbecomedrinkmoreit模擬題(二)

主題：金錢管理難度：★★建議用時：8mins 請從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余項。surprisetakesavewisehowimproveplanbyshamemoneyifmean Moneymaynotbuyhappiness,butithelps.Manyteenagerswanttolearn__1__tomanagemoneybeforegoingoutintotheworld.Besmartwithyourmoney.Thisideaisraised__2__Dr.MaraHarvey,amoneyexpert.Thefollowingaresomeofhertips. Learntomakemoney.Askparentsorneighbors__3__youcandochorestomakepocketmoney.Thesecouldincludewashingacaror__4__thedogforawalk.Agreehowbyiftakingonthevalueofdifferentjobsbeforeyoustart.Inthisway,youcanalso__5__yourcommunicationskills,whichwillhelpwhenyouhaveagrown-upjob,too. Helpyourmoneygrow.Moneycan'tgrowifit'ssittinginsideapiggybank(豬形儲錢罐).Putyourmoneyinthebankandyoucangetinterest(利息).Saveyourmoneyinthelongrun.Onedayyoumayfeel__6__athowmuchmoneyyouhave.improvesurprised Makea__7__.Ifyouhaveabigevent,suchasaholidaycomingup,itmight__8__youwillneedtospendmoreofyourpocketmoney.Trymakingaplanforspendingandsaving.Writedownhowmuchmoneyyouhaveandwhatyouarespending.Thenitwillhelpyoutakecontrolofyour__9__. Spendyourmoney__10__.Figureouthowmuchyoucanreasonablyspendeachmonth.Spendyourmoneyonplanmeanmoneywiselywhatyoutrulyneed.Thentrytocutdownonspending.Forexample,ratherthaneatingout,youcanchoosetocookathome.(2023四川成都改編)1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________howbyiftakingimprovesurprisedplanmeanmoneywisely模擬題(三)

主題：中國屏風(fēng)難度：★★★建議用時：8mins 請從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余項。howeveraspopularifmarrystopbeautifulstoryitcreateunlessman TheChinesepingfeng(foldingscreen)isanancientinventionandtraditionalChinesefurniture(家具).Pingfengmeansto__1__thewindfromcominginattheverybeginning. Astimepasses,__2__hasbeenmadeintodifferentsizeswithcolorfulpaintings.Therewasusuallyadragononscreens.It'sasymboloflight,growth,nobility(高貴)andpower.Thepeacock,abeautifulbird,canbeseenonstopitscreens,too.It'sasymbolofeverlastinglife.Beautifulflowers,whichmeanwealthandgoodluck,arealsochosenasa__3__designofthepingfeng.Allthedesignscarrypeople'sbeautifulwishes. Thereisaninteresting__4__behindthepingfeng.Inthepast,theunmarrieddaughterofarichfamilywasnotsupposedtoseeorbeseenby__5__exceptherfather,brothersorveryclosemale(男性的)cousins.__6__,whenpopularstorymenHoweveranadmirerpaidavisit,shemighttakeasecretlookathimfromascreen.Herfatherwoulddiscusspoemswiththeyoungmanandaskhimto__7__one.__8__thedaughterandherfatherweresatisfiedwiththeyoungman'spoemandhislooks,shemightagreetotakehimasherhusband. Todaythepingfengisbacktoourlifeforits__9__anditsuseasfurniture.Acting__10__amovingwallordivider,itcanbetheperfectmatch(相配)formodernsofasandwalls.Itaddsstyletothem. Thepingfengismorethanbeautifulfurniture.(2023重慶A卷改編)createIfbeautyas1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________stopitpopularstorymenHowevercreateIfbeautyas模擬題(四)

主題：癱瘓畫家張俊莉的勵志故事難度：★★建議用時：7mins 請從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余項。theymovechangepainterhelplesscryupneverimproveserioussellthough ZhangJunli,anamazingwoman,isfromTaiyuan,ShanxiProvince.Shehasovercomelife'sgreatestdifficultiestobecomeoneofthemostfamous__1__inChina.Shehasbeenparalyzed(癱瘓的)forover30years.Whenshewassix,Zhanghada__2__illness.Ateight，shecouldnotmove90%ofherbody.Shecanonly__3__hershouldersandneckalittlenow. However,beingparalyzed__4__preventedherfromtryingtofollowherdreams.Zhangtookupdrawingatapaintersseriousmoveneveryoungageandstartedlearningpaintingin2015.__5__itishardforhertopickapaintbrush,herloveforpaintingisalwayspushinghertochallengeherself. “Paintinghas__6__me.ThefirsttimeIpickedupabrush,IfeltthatIlikedtodraw,”saysZhang.“Theworldissobeautiful.EvenifIaminpoorhealth,Idon'twanttogive__7__thechancetolive.”NowZhanghascreatedthousandsofpencilsketches(素描).ShealsohasanonlineshopcalledZhangJunli'sPaintings，whereshe__8__herworks.Thoughchangedupsells Zhangwantstouseherworkstoencouragethosewhoarelikeher，andtotell__9__nevertogiveup.“Insteadof__10__andworryingallday,findyourmeaninginlife.Liveinthepresent,”saysZhang，atrueinspiration.1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________themcryingpaintersseriousmoveneverThoughchangedupsellsthemcrying模擬題(五)

主題：淄博燒烤難度：★★★建議用時：8mins 請從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余項。theythousandpayespeciallydifferenceforchoosevisitorofferpopularbetweenand IfyouvisitZibo,tryingthebarbecueisamust-doexperience.ZiboisacityinShandongProvince.It'sfamous__1__itsdeliciousandunique(獨特的)barbecuedfood.ZibobarbecueisakindofChinesestreetfoodwhichis__2__amonglocalpeopleandvisitors. WhyhasZibobarbecuebecomesopopular?Lastyear,duringtheCOVID-19pandemic(疫情),__3__ofcollegestudentswerestuck(困)inZibo.Thelocalgovernmenthelpedstudentstogetthroughthehardforpopularthousandstimeand__4__themagreatbarbecuedinnerwhenthepandemicwasover.ThegovernmentofficersalsoinvitedthestudentstocomebacktoZiboagainwhenspringcame.Itisapromise__5__thegovernmentandthecollegestudents. Therearesome__6__betweenZibobarbecueandtheonesinothercities.Zibobarbecuerestaurantshaveasmallgrill(烤架)oneachtable.Peopleneedtocookonthegrillby__7__.Whenthefoodisready,theyputitontoaofferedbetweendifferencesthemselvessmallpancake,__8__thenaddscallions(蔥)andsaucebeforeeating. Zibobarbecueisnotjustdelicious,butalsocheap.Askeweroflamborchickenwingscostsonlyafewyuan.Itisapopular__9__amongstudentsandworkers.YoucanfindZibobarbecuerestaurantsonalmosteverystreetcornerinthecity,__10__intheevening.Peoplegathertoenjoyatastymealafteralongday. Besidesthetaste,Zibobarbecuealsohasaculturalmeaning.ItisasymbolofChinesestreetfoodandthecity'suniquefoodculture.andchoiceespecially1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________forpopularthousandsofferedbetweendifferencesthemselvesandchoiceespecially模擬題(六)

主題：城市陽臺難度：★★建議用時：8mins 請從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余項。afterwayhobbyinteresthabitspendnervousdayprovidealthoughshareshe Farmingusedtobeacountrysidething.Butnow,farmsarecomingtothebalconies(陽臺)ofcityapartments. ZhangChao，amiddleschoolstudentfromChengdu，isoneyoung“urban(城市的)farmer”.Hewas__1__inplantingwhenhewasinprimaryschool.Helivedwithhisgrandpainthecountrysidethen.Helearnedtogrowvegetablesfromhisgrandpawhohasbeenafarmerforyears.__2__farmingtakeshardwork，ZhangfeltproudinterestedAlthoughwhenhesawseeds(種子)turnintoplants.NowZhangstillkeepsuphis__3__withabalconygarden.“Growingfruitsandvegetablesnotonlybringsdeliciousfood，butitalsoremindsmeofthehappy__4__withmygrandpa,”saidZhang.Healso__5__thevegetableswithhisneighborsandfriends. Anotherstudent，F(xiàn)angMinkefromShenzhen，thinksplantingisagood__6__torelaxanddeveloppatience.Withlotsofschoolwork,the16-year-oldgirlsometimesfeels__7__.Tohelpputsomespark(火花)backhobbydaysshareswaynervousin__8__life,shestartedplantingvegetablesonherbalconyin2021.__9__halfayear,herbalconybecameasmallgarden,fullofdifferentflowersandvegetables.Aftershe___10___longhoursonhomework，shelikestowalkaroundherbalconygarden.“Seeingthebrightcolorsandbreathingfreshair，Ifeelclosertonatureandrefreshed(神清氣爽的),”Fangsaid. Plantingvegetablesisnowmorethanjustawaytosurvive.Italsobringsjoytoyoungpeople'slives.herAfterspends1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________interestedAlthoughhobbydaysshareswaynervousherAfterspends模擬題(七)

主題：無人駕駛汽車難度：★★★建議用時：7mins 請從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余項。causeandcarofwhydodifficultdecisiontheykillquestionquick Couldyouimaginebeinginacardrivenbyacomputer,notahuman?Recently，Chinahasmadeabigstepinself-drivingtechnology. __1__dowedevelopself-drivingcars?Becauseself-drivingcarscangiveusmanybenefits.Theyusecomputerstosensethethingsaroundthem__2__makebetteruseofspace.Thismeansfewertrafficjamsandlessillegal(違法的)parking.Fordisabledpeople，self-drivingcarscanalsohelp___3___gooutmoreeasily.Whyandthem Accordingtoareport，morethan1.35millionpeopleare__4__onroadsaroundtheworldeachyear.Manymorearehurt.Self-drivingcarscanreduceroadaccidentsby90percentandsavegovernmentsalotofmoney.Themain__5__ofcaraccidentsishumanmistakes.Byusingcomputers，self-drivingcarsdon'tmakewrong__6__orlosefocuslikehumansdo. However，self-drivingcarsaren'tperfect.Ifsomethingunexpectedhappensontheroad，self-drivingkilledcausedecisionscarscan'treact(反應(yīng))as__7__asahumandrivercan.Also,duringthebadweatherlikeheavysnow，self-drivingcarswouldhave__8__inseeingclearlyontheroad.Itmightleadtoanaccident.The__9__computercouldalsogethacked(非法入侵)bysomeone，causingaccidents. Thereisalot__10__worktodotomakeself-drivingcarscommonandsafeonourroads.AndChinaistryinghardtomakethishappen.quicklydifficultycar'sof1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________Whyandthemkilledcausedecisionsquicklydifficultycar'sof模擬題(八)

主題：假期研學(xué)難度：★★建議用時：7mins 請從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余項。withoutinruleashoweverimprovehightheydiscussplanboredexpensive Summervacationiscoming.Middleschoolstudentswillwelcometheirtwo-monthbreak.Manyparentshavealreadystarted__1__forthevacation,andimmersiveexperiential(沉浸式體驗的)learningtripshavebecomepopular. “Agoodlearningtripcanenrich(豐富)students'knowledgeand__2__theirabilities,”saidHuLinhui,whoorganizeslearningtripsinBeijing. ThegrouporganizeslearningtripsabroadtoSingaporeandtheUK.ItalsoholdsModelUnitedNationsplanningimprove(MUN)activitiesinsomeChinesecities.MUN'ssimulated(模擬的)meetingsfollowUnitedNations.Studentscan__3__theinternationalhottopics.“Thisactivityhelpedmefindmydream—toworkintheUnitedNations,”saidWenPeiyao,astudentwhotookpart__4__MUN. __5__,therearestillsomelearningtripsplannedinaverycasual(隨意的)way.Studentsmayfeelso__6__thattheyjustplayontheirsmartphones.Andthepriceofsometripsistoo__7__.StudentsendupspendingmoneyanddiscussinHoweverboredhightime__8__learninganythinguseful.Itisnecessarytomakemore__9__forthelearningtripindustryinthefuture. Overall,whateverwayslearningtripsaretaken,__10__shouldalwaysreturntothenatureofeducation.“Thegoalistoimprovetheabilityofstudentswithcolorfulactivities,”Huadded.withoutrulesthey1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________planningimprovediscussinHoweverboredhighwithoutrulesthey模擬題(九)

主題：女孩與流浪小貓難度：★★建議用時：7mins 請從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余項。longwhencatcheventeachersoaroundaschoolbagshortthinktake Donnaisaprimaryschoolstudentwholovesplayingwithlittleanimals.Oneday,onherwaytoschool,shesawahomelesscatsittinginabox.__1__thecatsawDonna,itjumpedoutoftheboxandbegantomiaow.Thecatwas__2__cutethatDonnacouldn'thelpbutstartplayingwithit. The__3__Donnaplayedwiththecat,themoreshelikedit.ThecatseemedtoloveDonnatooandfollowedheralongtheway.Donnalookedatthecutecat,Whensolongerthoughtfor__4__whileanddecidedtotakethecattoschoolwithher.Sheputthecatinher__5__andheadedforschool. AfterDonnaarrivedatschool,shequietlywalkedintotheclassroom.Sheopenedherbagto___6___outhertextbooks.However,thecatjumpedoutoftheschoolbagandstartedrunning__7__theclassroom.Itclimbedintoadesk,hidunderachair,and__8__jumpedontotheteacher'sdesk.aschoolbagtakearoundeven Justatthatmoment,theteachersteppedintotheclassroom.She__9__thecatgentlyandtoldDonnathatanimalswerenotallowedtotaketoschool.SheadvisedDonnatotakeithomeortotheanimalcenterifpossible.Donnasmiledsweetlyandfollowedher__10__words