福建省百校聯(lián)考2023-2024學年高三年級下冊正月開學考試英語試題

絕密★啟用前

2023?2024學年福建百校聯(lián)考高三正月開學考

英語

全卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。

注意事項：

1.答題前、先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將條形碼粘貼在名題號上

的指定位置

2.請按題號順序在答題卡上各題目的答題區(qū)城內(nèi)作答，寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上約作答

題區(qū)城均無效，

3.選擇題用2B鉛筆在答題卡上把所選答案的標號涂黑;非選擇題用黑色簽字筆在答題卡上作

答;宇體工整，筆跡清楚。

4.考試結(jié)束后，請將試卷和答題卡一并上交。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳項。

聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.

B.￡9.18.

C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whoisthewomanhavingaconversationwith?

A.Areporter.

BAtravelagent

C.Ashopassistant.

2.Whataspectofthesculptureistheman'sfavourite?

A.Thematerial.

B.Thedesigner

C.Thecolour

3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthelecture?

A.Ifsinteresting.

B.There?snothingbetterthanit.

C.Shedoesn?tlikeitatall.

4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Takingphotos.

B.Careerchoices.

C.Familyrelationships.

5.Whyisthecustomerangry?

A.Themanwasrudetoher.

B.Shedidn'tgetherfood.

C.Themanagerrefusedtotalktoher.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Coworkers.

B.Tutorandstudent.

C.Classmates

7.Whenwillthespeakersprobablymeetnexttime?

A.OnThursday.

B.OnMonday

C.OnFriday.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?

A.Helikesfreshcoconut.

B.Hepreferscoconuttobedried.

C.Hedislikesthetasteofcoconut.

9.Whatdidthespeakersjustbuylastweekend?

A.Butter

B.Carrots

C.Pictures.

10.Whatwillthemandonext?

A.Turntheovenon.

B.Buysomeeggs

C.Cutthecoconutintopiece.

聽第8段材料，回答第U至13題。

11.Whatdidthewomanlastread?

A.GreatExpectations.

B.WarandPeace.

C.TheHistoryofJewsinRussia.

12、Whatkindofbooksdoesthewomanwanttoreadnow?

A.Moreseriousliterature.

B.Bestsellers.

C.Onesaboutfamilylife.

13.Whatisthemanprobably?

A.Awriter.

B.Ahistorian.

C.Alibrarian.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。

14.Howlongdidtheman'striplast?

A.Fivemonths

B.Twoweeks.

C.Ayear.

15.WhydidthewomanplantogotoBrazillastyear?

A.Toacpanyherboss.

B.Tovisitherparents.

C.Tohaveabusinesstrip.

16.Whatwillthewomandofortheman?

A.Findhimaplacetolive.

B.Offerhimsomefood.

C.Introducehimtoherfriend.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttoshowbytellingthestory?

A.Kids'struggleinlearninginstruments.

B.Thebenefitsofmusic.

C.Thepopularityoflearningthepiano.

18.Whendidthemanstartpractisingpiano?

A.Whenhewas15yearsold.

B.Whenhewas4yearsold.

C.Whenhewasahighschoolstudent.

19.Whathelpedthemanfindconfidence?

A.Histraining

B.Hisattitude.

CHisachievement.

20.Whichcansummarizethemainideaofthetalk?

A.Loveisathingthatgrows.

B.Practicemakesperfect.

C.Contentisbetterthanriches.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Alanguagecorpus（語料庫）isahugecollectionoftextstakenfromprint,video,audioandothersources.Itis

apowerfultoolthatcanhelpyoulearnmoreaboutEnglishwordsandphrases.

TheCorpusofContemporaryAmericanEnglish,orCOCA,containsoveronebillionwordsfrom1990to

2019.Andithasmanywaystohelplearnersfindoutmoreabouthowwordsareused.

HowtouseCOCA

First,youwillneedtoregisterwithCOCAtousethecollection.Youcanregisterfortwokindsofaccounts.A

freeaccountlimitsyouto20searchesforwordswithinany24hourperiod.Apaidaccountwillgiveyou200

searcheswithinany24hourperiod.

HerearethestepsforusingCOCAtofindexamplesofhowawordisused.Wewillusethewordprofoundto

showthis.

?Onthehomepage,typethewordprofoundinthewhitesearchboxontheleftsideofthescreen.

?Click“findmatchingstrings^^justbelowthesearchboxThiswilltakeyoutoanewwebpage.

?Onthisnewpage,youwillseethewordprofoundinblue.Clickonit.

?Youwillnowseeapagewith100examplesusingthewordprofound,andthewordprofoundisshownin

green.Thesourceofeachexampleisshownontheleftside.

?Ifyouclickonthesourceontheleft,COCAwillshowyoualargerpartofthetextcontainingtheexample.

?Ifyouwanttoseemoreexamples,clickthetwoforwardpagearrows?atthetoporbottomleft.Thisbrings

youtothenext100examples.Inthisway,youmightfindmorekindsofsourcesfortheexamples.

1.WhatisCOCA?

A.AtextbookonAmericanEnglishchanges.

B.AreportaboutthedevelopmentofEnglish.

C.AnEssentialtoolforbeginnersofEnglish.

D.AdatabaseofContemporaryAmericanEnglish.

2.Whatisthedisadvantageofafreeaccount?

A.Only200searchesavailable.B.Lessusagewithin24hours.

C.Only20examplesperword.D.Difficultyinapplyingforanaccount.

3.Howcanyoufindabroadersourceforeachexample?

A.Reenterthiswordonthehomepage.B.Clickanotherpagewith100moreexamples.

C.Clickontheleftsideoftherelevantexample.D.Clickpagearrowsatthetoporbottomleft.

【答案】l.D2.B3.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了當代美國英語語料庫的使用方法。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"TheCorpusofContemporaryAmericanEnglish,orCOCA,containsoveronebillion

wordsfrom1990to2019.Andithasmanywaystohelplearnersfindoutmoreabouthowwordsareused.（當代美

國英語語料庫（COCA）從1990年到2019年包含了超過10億個單詞。它有很多方法來幫助學習者更多地

了解單詞是如何使用的）”可知，COCA是當代美國英語數(shù)據(jù)庫。故選D。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Afreeaccountlimitsyouto20searchesforwordswithinany24hourperiod.（免費帳

戶限制您在任何24小時內(nèi)搜索20個單詞）”可知，免費帳戶的缺點是24小時內(nèi)限制使用。故選B。

【3題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Tfyouclickonthesourceontheleft,COCAwillshowyoualargerpartof

thetextcontainingtheexample.（?如果您點擊左側(cè)的源代碼，COCA將顯示包含示例的大部分文本）”可

知，單擊相關(guān)示例左側(cè)的可以為每個示例找到更廣泛的來源。故選C。

B

WhenIwasinmysecondyearinseniorhighschool,IfoundafourdollaranhourparttimejobatVillanovaPizza.

Likemanyofmyfriends,Ilongedtoearnsomepocketmoneyfromthejobaswellasgainingsocialexperience.Just

oneweekafterIworkedthere,Stubby,themanager,calledmeintohisoffice.Asthesayinggoes,"lifeisn'tabedof

roses”.Myfirstjobendedinfailure,HisreasonwasthatIshoweduplatetwiceandtookmorebreaksthanothers.

“Oh,I'maloser,1thoughttomyself.Ibelievedthatthoughtwassharedbymybrothers,neitherofwhomhadever

beenfired,andmymother,thoughshewouldneverexpressitinthoseterms.

“Iamtoosadtodoanything,1plainedtomyfather.Afterlisteningtomywords,helaughed.44Ifsnotfunny;

I'maloser,Isaid.

“No,you'renot.Thisisapartofgrowingup.Youwillbeallright,mydeardaughter,9,hesaid,pattingmy

shoulder."'Trustme.Youaregoodenough.^^

Ilookedintomyfather'seyesandIcouldseehereallytrustedme.AndIbelievedhim.Sincethen,t6Trustme.

Youaregoodenough^^aretheonlywordsIhaverepeatedtomyself.Ihaveworkedhardtobeabetterpersonand

cherishedeverychanceIhavegot.

Finally,Isucceededinenteringagooduniversity.AftergraduationIfoundmydreamjob.Icouldn'twaittocall

myfatherandshowmygratitude.

Lookaheadwhenyouexperiencesomethingunpleasantandthereisalwayssomeonearoundbelievinginyou.

Whentheybelieveinus,webegintobelieveinourselves,too.Theytelluswearegoodenoughoverandoveruntil

wecanhearit.

4.Whywastheauthorfired?

A.Shewasusuallylateforwork,

B.Shehadnosocialexperience,

C.Shehadtoomanybreaks.

D.Shefailedtopletehertask.

5.Whatdidtheauthor'sfatherdoafterknowingherfailure?

A.Helaughedather.

B.Heplainedtothecruelboss.

C.Hewastoosadtodoanything.

D.Hefortedherandsaidhebelievedinher.

6.Whatdidtheauthordoassoonasshefoundherdreamjob?

A.Shephonedherfatherandthankedhim.

B.Shereturnedhometohaveacelebration.

C.Sheshowedhergratitudetoherteacher.

D.Sheinvitedherfamilytoabigparty.

7.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor5sfather?

A.Strictanddevoted.

B.Caringandkind.

C.Ambitiousandbrave.

D.Humbleandhumorous.

【答案】4.C5.D6.A7,B

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了作者在高二的時候做一份兼職被解雇而備受打擊，在父親的幫助

下，作者重拾信心的故事。

【4題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Myfirstjobendedinfailure,HisreasonwasthatIshoweduplatetwiceandtook

morebreaksthanothers.（我的第一份工作以失敗告終，他的原因是我遲到了兩次，休息時間比其他人多）”

可知，經(jīng)理之所以將作者辭退，是因為他認為作者遲到了并中途休息了太多次。故選C項。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“"No,you'renot.Thisisapartofgrowingup.Youwillbeallright,mydear

daughter,"hesaid,pattingmyshoulder."Trustme.Youaregoodenough."（"不，你不是。這是成長的一部

分。你會沒事的，我親愛的女兒，”他拍拍我的肩膀說?！跋嘈盼?。你已經(jīng)足夠好了?！埃币约暗谒亩蔚?/p>

uIlookedintomyfather'seyesandIcouldseehereallytrustedme.（我看著父親的眼睛，我能看出他是真的信

任我）”可推知，作者在告訴父親她的經(jīng)歷后，父親安慰她、鼓勵她，并給她信任。故選D項。

【6題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的"AftergraduationIfoundmydreamjob.Icouldn'twaittocallmyfatherandshow

mygratitude.（畢業(yè)后.我找到了理想的工作。我迫不及待地打給我父親，表達我的感激之情）”可知，

作者在找到理想的工作后，第一時間就給她父親打了去分享這個事，并表達了對父親的感激。故選A

項。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后——段“Lookaheadwhenyouexperiencesomethingunpleasantandthereisalways

someonearoundbelievinginyou.Whentheybelieveinus,webegintobelieveinourselves,too.Theytelluswe

aregoodenoughoverandoveruntilwecanhearit.（當你經(jīng)歷一些不愉快的事情時，要向前看，周圍總是有人

相信你。當他們相信我們時，我們也開始相信自己。他們一遍又一遍地告訴我們我們已經(jīng)足夠好了，直到

我們能聽到為止）”以及上文可知，文章敘述了作者在高二的時候做了一份兼職而不久就被解雇了。這給作

者的內(nèi)心造成很大傷害以至于作者不相信自己的能力。而后來跟父親分享之后，在父親的鼓勵下，作者重

拾信心，考上理想大學，并在畢業(yè)后找到了理想的工作。由此推知，作者的父親是關(guān)心他人且和藹的。故

選B項。

C

Throughouthistory,technologicalprogresshasbroughtnewwealthbuthasnotalwaysimprovedpeople's

lives.Economistsnowsayitisnotclearwhetherartificialintelligence（AI）willhelporhurtsociety.

McKinleyisabusinessconsultingpany.ItsaidAIcouldaddbetween$14trillionand$22trillionofvalueto

theworld'seconomy.Supporterssaythetechnologywillcreatewealthandimprovelivingstandards.Somegoas

farassayingAIwillincreasepeople'sfreetimeandhelpthembemorecreative.Butothersareworriedthe

technologywillleadtolosingjobs.TheypointtoHollywoodwritersandactorswhoareworriedthattheywillbe

replacedbytechnology.

TheInternetarrivedwithasimilaromenofmoreproductivity,wealthandjobs.Recently,theFrenchbank

Natixisnotedinitsresearchthatmostofthewealthhasgonetoafewbillionaires.Andmanyofthejobsdonot

requirehighlypaid,skilledworkers.Someworkershopethetechnologywillincreasepayandjobsatisfaction.But

theyarealsoconcernedthatthetechnologycouldpushpeopletoworktoohard.

Suchconcernsarenotunfounded.Historyhasshowntheeconomicimpactoftechnologicalprogressis

generallyuncertain,unequalandevenharmful.Johnsonrecentlypublishedabook,PowerandProgress,with

DacronAcemoglu,anothereconomistfromMIT.Theystudiedtechnologicalprogressoverthelast1,000years

includingclothingproduction,traintravel,andevenfoodshopping.Johnsonnotedthatitiseasiertocreate

somethingnewthantomakesureitworksforeveryone.Thetwoeconomistslookedataninventioncalledthe

spinningjennythatmadeiteasiertoturncottonandwoolintoyarn（紗線）.Theysaidthedevicehelpedclothing

productionandcreatedwealthformanypeopleinthelate1700s.However,italsoincreasedthedemandforcotton

andledtolongerhoursforworkers.ThedemandalsoledtothegrowthofslaveryinthesouthernUnitedStates.

AsforAItechnology,Johnsonwondersifitwillmakeexistinginequalitiesworse,or"couldithelpusgetback

tosomethingfairer,,7

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"omen"meaninParagraph3?

A.Sign.B.Requirement.C.ExperienceD.Level.

9.WhatdoesParagraph1intendtotellus?

A.Lessonsfromhistory.B.Theexcitementofcreatingnewthings.

C.Importanttechnologicalinnovationsinhistory.D.Theapplicationofthespinningjenny.

10.WhatisJohnson'sattitudetowardsartificialintelligence?

A.Surprised.B.Scared.C.ObjectiveD.Unfavourable

11.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?

A.Abookreview.B.Asciencefictionnovel.C.Aneconomicstextbook.D.Atechnologyreport.

【答案】8.A9.A10.C11.D

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。歷史經(jīng)驗表明技術(shù)進步帶來了新的財富，但并不總能改善人們的生活。文章主

要陳述了作者對科技發(fā)展帶來的影響的觀點。

【8題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文Recently,theFrenchbankNatixisnotedinitsresearchthatmostofthewealth

hasgonetoafewbillionaires.（最近，法國外貿(mào)銀行在其研究中指出，大部分財富都流向了少數(shù)億萬富

翁。）”可知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn)也是生產(chǎn)力、財富和就業(yè)的提高的跡象。故劃線詞。men意為“跡象，征

兆”。故選A。

【9題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Throughouthistory,technologicalprogresshasbroughtnewwealthbuthasnot

alwaysimprovedpeople'slives.Economistsnowsayitisnotclearwhetherartificialintelligence（AI）willhelpor

hurtsociety.（縱觀歷史，技術(shù)進步帶來了新的財富，但并不總能改善人們的生活。經(jīng)濟學家現(xiàn)在表示，尚

不清楚人工智能對社會是有益還是有害。）”可知，第一段想要告訴我們歷史教訓。故選A。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"AsforAItechnology,Johnsonwondersifitwillmakeexistinginequalitiesworse,

or"couldithelpusgetbacktosomethingfairer”?（至于人工智能技術(shù)，約翰遜想知道它是否會加劇現(xiàn)有的不

平等，還是“它能幫助我們回到更公平的狀態(tài)"？）”可推知，Johnson對人工智能會幫助社會還是危害社

會的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選C。

[11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段^Throughouthistory,technologicalprogresshasbroughtnewwealthbuthasnot

alwaysimprovedpeople'slives.Economistsnowsayitisnotclearwhetherartificialintelligence（AI）willhelpor

hurtsociety.（縱觀歷史，技術(shù)進步帶來了新的財富，但并不總能改善人們的生活。經(jīng)濟學家現(xiàn)在表示，尚

不清楚人工智能對社會是有益還是有害。）”以及文章主要陳述了作者對科技發(fā)展帶來的影響的觀點，故應

該選自一篇科技報道。故選D。

D

AblindfishlivingwithinaMexicancavesystem'sdeep,enduringdarknessstillmaintainssomeabilityto

senselight.Asthecavefishnolongerseemtorelyonaninternaldailycycleandsomesleepverylittle,biologist

IncaSteindalandhercolleagueswerekeentoseeiftheirbodiescanstillregulatecyclicallythroughtime.Most

animalsonEarthhaveaninternalclockforthisthecircadianrhythm（晝夜節(jié)律）thatuseslightlevelstomakeour

bodiesfitinwithourplanefsdayandnightcycles.Thisrhythmisthenusedtocyclethroughdifferentbiological

processesthatcaninfluenceourbehaviour,suchasourhungercycles.

TheMexicanblindcavefishliveinaplexofover30isolatedcaves,withinwhichtheyhaveeach

independentlyadjustedtothedark.Theirbodiesareextrasensitivetovibrations（震動），allowingthemtosense

changesinwatercurrentsfornavigation（導航）inpensationfortheirlimitedorpletelackofsight.Thisadaptation

occurreddespitethefishfromeachcaveevolvingfromthesamespecieswithfullyfunctioningeyes.Thisancestral

groupstilllivesinthesurfacewatersintheElAlbraregionofMexicoandsomepartsoftheSouthwesternUS.

Steindalandherteamtooktissuesamplesfromtheblindcavefish,fromthreeisolatedcaves,andtheirsurface

relativesandtestedthecellsindifferentconditions.Theydetectedtheactivationofseveralmolecular（分子的）

clockmechanismswhenthecellswereexposedtolight,eveninthecavefishcells.""Nonvisuallightdetectionis

maintainedatafundamentalcellbasedlevel,theresearchersexplain,althoughthecavefishcellsdidnotrespondas

stronglyasthosecellsfromsurfacefish.Whilethereweresomesimilaritiesbetweenthefishfromthedifferent

cavesparedtotheirsurfacerelatives,therewerealsodifferencesthatconfirmtheirbiologicalclockchangeseach

evolvedindependentlyofoneanotherviadifferentmolecularmechanisms.

“Wehaveprovidedproofthatdespitebeingblind,cellsfromtheMexicanblindcavefishcandetectlightand

maketheirclocksfitinwithalight/darkcycle,“Steindalandhercolleaguesconclude.Theteamhopesthesecan

helpuslearnmoreaboutthecircadianrhythmandprovideaneasierwaytostudyanimaladaptationstodark

environments.

12.Astothecavefish,whatdidSteindalandherfellowstrytofindout?

A.Iftheyhaveacircadianrhythm.B.Iftheyrelyonaninternaldailycycle.

C.Iftheyneedtosleep.D.Iftheyareabletosenselight.

13.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2?

A.TheMexicancavefish?sancestorshadnormalvision.

B.TheMexicancavefish'shomeisinthedarkdeepsea.

C.TheMexicancavefishhaveadaptedtodarkness.

D.TheMexicancavefishhavetroublenavigating.

14.Whichofthefollowingcansupporttheconclusionofthestudy?

A.Cavefish'suniquemolecularstructures.

B.Nonvisuallightdetectionincavefishcells.

C.Thecavefish'sadjustmenttOmolecularclockmechanisms.

D.Biologicalclockchangesevolvedindependently.

15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WhyDotheMexicanCavefishLiveintheDarken"

B.ABlindCavefishCanStillPerceiveLight.

C.HowCantheMexicanCavefishFitinwiththeDayCycles?

D.TheBiologicalClocksoftheLifeintheSenAreConstantlyChanging.

【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.B

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了墨西哥盲洞魚在深層洞穴中的生存情況，以及它們對光的感知能

力。研究人員通過實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管盲洞魚無法看見，但它們的細胞仍然可以感知光線，并在一定程度上調(diào)

節(jié)其生物鐘。這表明即使在黑暗環(huán)境下，生物的生物鐘仍然可以通過不同的分子機制進行調(diào)節(jié)。

【12題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Asthecavefishnolongerseemtorelyonaninternaldailycycleandsomesleep

verylittle,biologistIncaSteindalandhercolleagueswerekeentoseeiftheirbodiescanstillregulatecyclically

throughtime.MostanimalsonEarthhaveaninternalclockforthisthecircadianrhythm（晝夜節(jié)律）thatuseslight

levelstomakeourbodiesfitinwithourplanefsdayandnightcycles.（由于洞穴魚似乎不再依賴于體內(nèi)的日常循

環(huán)，有些睡眠很少，生物學家印加?斯坦達爾和她的同事們渴望了解它們的身體是否仍然可以隨著時間的推

移進行周期性調(diào)節(jié)。地球上的大多數(shù)動物都有一個生物鐘，晝夜節(jié)律利用光線水平使我們的身體適應地球

的晝夜循環(huán)）”可知，斯坦達爾和她的同事們想要找出洞穴魚是否可以隨著時間的推移進行周期性調(diào)節(jié)，即

是否有晝夜節(jié)律。故選A項。

【13題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheMexicanblindcavefishliveinaplexofover30isolatedcaves,withinwhich

theyhaveeachindependentlyadjustedtothedark.Theirbodiesareextrasensitivetovibrations（震動），allowing

themtosensechangesinwatercurrentsfornavigation（導航）inpensationfortheirlimitedorpletelackofsight.

Thisadaptationoccurreddespitethefishfromeachcaveevolvingfromthesamespecieswithfullyfunctioning

eyes.（墨西哥盲洞魚生活在一個由30多個孤立的洞穴組成的復雜環(huán)境中，每個洞穴都能獨立地適應黑暗。它

們的身體對振動特別敏感，這使它們能夠感知水流的變化，以便導航，以補償它們有限或完全失明的視力。

盡管來自每個洞穴的魚都是從具有完全功能的眼睛的同一物種進化而來的，但這種適應還是發(fā)生了）”可知，

第二段主要介紹了墨西哥盲洞魚身體對振動特別敏感，以補償它們有限或完全失明的視力，主要說明了它

們已經(jīng)適應了黑暗。故選C項。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中""Wehaveprovidedproofthatdespitebeingblind,cellsfromtheMexicanblind

cavefishcandetectlightandmaketheirclocksfitinwithalight/darkcycle,“Steindalandhercolleagues

conclude.（斯坦達爾和她的同事總結(jié)道：“我們已經(jīng)提供了證據(jù)，證明盡管失明，但墨西哥盲洞魚的細胞可

以探測到光,并使它們的生物鐘適應光/暗周期。”）可知，研究的結(jié)論是墨西哥盲洞魚的細胞可以探測到光。

根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Theydetectedtheactivationofseveralmolecular（分子的）clockmechanismswhenthecells

wereexposedtolight,eveninthecavefishcells.41Nonvisuallightdetectionismaintainedatafundamentalcellbased

level,"theresearchersexplain,althoughthecavefishcellsdidnotrespondasstronglyasthosecellsfromsurface

fish.（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，當細胞暴露在光線下時，幾個分子時鐘機制被激活，即使在盲洞魚細胞中也是如此。研究人

員解釋說，盡管盲洞魚的細胞不像水面魚的細胞那樣強烈，“非視覺光檢測維持在基本的細胞水平上，“）”

可知，盲洞魚細胞的非視覺光探測維持在基本的細胞水平上，說明它的時鐘機制會被激活，證明盲洞魚也可

以探測到光。所以，盲洞魚細胞的非視覺光探測能支持該研究的結(jié)論。故選B項。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“"Wehaveprovidedproofthatdespitebeingblind,cellsfromtheMexican

blindcavefishcandetectlightandmaketheirclocksfitinwithalight/darkcycle,“Steindalandhercolleagues

conclude」一條生活在墨西哥洞穴系統(tǒng)的深處、持久的黑暗中的盲洞魚仍然保持著一些感知光線的能力）”和

最后一段中"Wehaveprovidedproofthatdespitebeingblind,cellsfromtheMexicanblindcavefishcandetect

lightandmaketheirclocksfitinwithalight/darkcycle（我們已經(jīng)提供了證據(jù)，證明盡管失明，但墨西哥盲洞魚

的細胞可以探測到光，并使它們的生物鐘適應光/暗周期）”可知，本文介紹了研究人員通過實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管

盲洞魚無法看見，但它們的細胞仍然可以感知光線，所以“ABlindCavefishCanStillPerceiveLight.（盲洞魚

仍能感知光）”是研究的結(jié)論，也是文章最佳標題。故選B項。

第二節(jié)（共5小題海小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下而短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項,

Doyouknowanyonewhohasgonebackpacking?Ifsatypeoftravelthatislowcostandindependent,often

meaningnofixedplansregardingacmodationordestination.16Travellertypicallyfillabackpackwithlife

essentials,likeclothing,plusanythingextraneededforadventure.Thestereotypical（亥U板印象的）viewofa

backpackerissomeoneintheir20s,keentotickoffitemsontheirbucketlist.17You'reabouttofindout

thatanyonecanbackpack,

Lastyear,mybestfriend^parentsretiredatage65andsetoffona630miletrailalongthesouthwestcoastof

England.Eachcarryinga15kgbackpack,MikeandLorrainehikedalongcliffs,exploredgoldensandybeachesand

evencycled.Foracmodation,theydidn'tprebookbutstayedinwhatevertheycouldfindontheday,whichvaried

fromBed&Breakfasttocampinginfieldsfullofsheep.18

Backpackersarealsoknownfortravellingwithlittlemoney,butfewbeginwithaslittleasOthmaneZolatifrom

Morocco.In2015,heembarkedon（開始）analmostfouryearjourney,buthestartedoutwithjust$80.Hezigzagged

（曲折前進）across24countriesontheAfricancontinentandfilmedhisexperience,aimingtoshowtheworldthe

diversityandbeautyofAfrica,allonashoestringbudget.Hesaidthatheoftenhadtodooddjobsandrelyonthe

kindnessofstrangerstobeabletoaffordtokeeptravelling.19SouthAfricawasOthmane'sfinaldestination

and,onreachingit,hesaid,64Itwasoneofthebestmomentsinmylife.Itmademeknowthatifyoufightfor

something,youreallysticktothatgoal...thenyouwillreachit.”

20Ifyouwanttotravel,youcan,nomatteryourageorbudget!

A.So,don'tgiveup.

B.But,forgetthis.

CButitwasworthit.

D.Somepeoplecanspendyearsbackpackingaroundtheworld.

E.Hikingisoneofthemostimportantpartsofbackpacking,whichisverypopular.

F.Theydidstopfortheoccasionalwelldeservedcupoftea-theywereinEnglandafterall.

G.Theword"backpacking“esfrom“backpack”,atypeofbagyoucarryonyourback.

【答案】16.G17.B18.F19.C20.A

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了背包客的相關(guān)情況并且鼓勵人們背包旅行。

【16題詳解】

上文“Doyouknowanyonewhohasgonebackpacking?It'satypeoftravelthatislowcostandindependent,often

meaningnofixedplansregardingacmodationordestination.（你認識背包客嗎？這是一種低成本、獨立的旅行

方式，通常意味著沒有固定的住宿或目的地的計劃）”引出背包旅行的概念，空處承接上文，下文

uTravellertypicallyfillabackpackwithlifeessentials,likeclothing,plusanythingextraneededforadventure.（旅

行者通常會在背包里裝滿生活必需品，比如衣服，再加上探險所需的額外東西）”說明背包的用途，G項

“'背包旅行'一詞來源于‘背包'，一種你背在背上的包”與上下文聯(lián)系緊密，符合語境。故選G項。

【17題詳解】

上文“Thestereotypicalviewofabackpackerissomeoneintheir20s,keentotickoffitemsontheirbucket

list.（對背包客的刻板印象是20多歲的人，他們熱衷于在人生目標清單上勾選項目）”說明人們對背包旅行

存在誤解，認為背包旅行的人多是20多歲的年輕人，空處承上啟下，下文“Yoifreabouttofindoutthat

anyonecanbackpack.（你會發(fā)現(xiàn)任何人都可以背包）”,B項"But,forgetthis.（但是，忘了這個吧）”消除上文

對背包旅行的誤解，引出下文正確的觀點，符合語境。故選B項。

【18題詳解】

上文“Foracmodation,theydidn'tprebookbutstayedinwhatevertheycouldfindontheday,whichvariedfrom

Bed&Breakfasttocampinginfieldsfullofsheep.（對于住宿，他們沒有預先預訂，而是住在當天能找

到的任何地方，從提供住宿加早餐的賓館到在滿是羊群的田野里露營）”描述作者最好朋友的父母他們的背

包旅行情況，F(xiàn)項“他們確實偶爾停下來喝一杯當之無愧的茶——畢竟他們在英國”與上文話題一致，承

接上文，符合語境。故選F項。

【19題詳解】

上文“Hesaidthatheoftenhadtodooddjobsandrelyonthekindnessofstrangerstobeabletoaffordtokeep

travellings他說，他經(jīng)常不得不打零工，依靠陌生人的善意才能負擔得起繼續(xù)旅行的費用）”說明他在旅行

中歷盡艱辛，空處承上啟下，下文"SouthAfHcawasOthmane'sfinaldestinationand,onreachingit,hesaid,

“Itwasoneofthebestmomentsinmylife.Itmademeknowthatifyoufightforsomething,youreallysticktothat

goaL.thenyouwillreachit."（南非是Othmane的最終目的地，當他到達南非時，他說："這是我一生中最美

好的時刻之一。它讓我知道，如果你為某事而戰(zhàn)，你真的會堅持這個目標……那么你就會到達“）”表明了

旅行的美好，C項“但這是值得的”與上文轉(zhuǎn)折，引起下文，符合語境。故選C項。

[20題詳解】

下文"Ifyouwanttotravel,youcan,nomatteryourageorbudget!（如果你想旅行，你就可以，無論你的年齡

或預算?。北砻魅魏稳硕伎梢匀ヂ眯校珹項“所以，不要放棄”鼓勵人們不要放棄，引出下文，符合語

境。故選A項。

第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

Ifsnoteverydaythatyoulosesomethingunimportantandgainsomethingamazing!

WhenKasonJohnsonturned8yearsold,abigbunchofheliumballoons（氨氣球）was21tohis

secondgradeclassroomatMountainGroveElementaryinMissouri.Itwasa（n）22day.butonthewayoutto

hismum'scar,tragedy（悲居U）struck.Kasonlost23oftheballoons,andthey24

Fivehundredmilesaway,ToddHurleywasmowing（割J草）hislawninCleveland,Tennesseewhen

he25Kason?sballoonscaughtonhisfence.Heopenedthe26attachedtothestringsandsawthatthe

balloonshadbeensenttoKason'smiddleschool.

Mostpeoplewouldhavethrowntheballoonsintothegarbage,butnotTodd!27.thewoodworkerstarted

gatheringafewgiftstosendtothe28boy.HewroteKason'sparentsaletterandincludedaphotoofhimself

andhisdo