安徽省皖中聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題-1

2023～2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考高二英語(yǔ)考生注意：1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫(xiě)清楚。3.考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無(wú)效。4.本卷命題范圍：選擇性必修第一冊(cè)~選擇性必修第二冊(cè)。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howwillthemanprobablygotothetradefair?A.Bybus.B.Bytrain.C.Bytaxi.2.Atwhattimedoesthewomanstartherwork?A.7:30am.B.3:30pm.C.7.30pm.3.Whatdoesthemanagreetodo?A.Turnofftheheatingsystem.B.Havetheheatingsystemrepaired.C.Sendsomeonetothewoman’spany.4.Wherearethespeakersgoing?A.Toastore.B.ToanInternetbar.C.Toamovietheater.5.Howdoesthemanusuallyspendhisweekend?A.Stayingathomealone.B.Eatingoutwithhisfriends.C.Holdingpartiesathisapartment.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Plantatree.B.Giveheraride.C.Buyapairofshoes.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Teacherandstudent.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatistheman’sproblem?A.Hehastroubleinfindingajob.B.Heisnotsatisfiedwithhisofficejob.C.Hecan’tmakeachoiceamongfiveoffers.9.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Sendanapplicationformfirst.B.Askforanappointmentbyphone.C.Seetheemploymentofficerdirectly.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Whendoesthediningroomopen?A.At10:00.B.At10:30.C.At11:00.11.HowdoesChrisfeelatfirst?A.Tired.B.Angry.C.Worried.12.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inasupermarket.C.Athome.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Hewentrunning.B.Hesawsomeathletestraining.C.HewatchedtheOlympicGames.14Whenisthewomangoingtobeonthewomen’steam?A.Nextweek.B.Nextmonth.C.Nextyear.15.Whatdoesthemanlikeplaying?A.Tennis.B.Soccer.C.Badminton.16.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Getsomepractice.B.WatchTVwiththeman.C.Givethemansomeadvice.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.WhydoesthespeakercallMr.Wood?A.Togetsomeinformation.B.Toaskforpermission.C.Toexpresshisthanks.18.Howlongcanlibrarymembersusetheputersforfree?A.Foronehour.B.Fortwohours.C.Forthreehours.19.Whathasledtotheincreaseinthenumberoflibrarymembers?A.Thelowmembershipfee.B.Thelongeropeningtime.C.Thefreeuseofputers.20.Whatmaybeaddedonthefirstfloornextyear?A.Acafe.B.Somebooks.C.Ameetingroom.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題25分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AOnlineAnnualRefresherThisinteractiveyearlyrefreshercourseprovidesfirstaiderswithanopportunitytopracticeandupdatetheirskillsasqualifiedfirstaiders,atanytimewhiletheirfirstaidcertificates(證書(shū))arevalid(有效的).CoursedescriptionEmployersarelegallyrequiredtoensuretheirfirstaidersarepetentandmaintaintheirskillsthroughoutthethreeyearsinwhichtheircertificatesarevalid.TheHealthandSafetyExecutive(HSE)stronglyremendsthatfirstaidersattendarefreshercourseonceeveryyearduringthisthreeyearperiod.CoursecontentSession(階段)1:Choking—30minutestopleteAfterthissession,youwillbeabletohelpanindividualwhoischoking.Session2:ChestPains—30minutestoplete.Afterthissession,youwillbeabletohelpanindividualwhoisexperiencingchestpains.Session3:SevereBleeds—45minutestoplete.Afterthissession,youwillbeabletohelpanindividualwhoisbleedingseverely.Session4:RecoveryPosition—45minutestoplete.Afterthissession,youwillbeabletohelpanindividualwhoisunresponsiveandbreathingnormally.Session5:BasicLifeSupport&AED(AutomatedExternalDefibrillator)—30minutestoplete.Afterthissession,youwillbeabletohelpanindividualwhoisunresponsiveandnotbreathingnormally.BookingdetailsPleaseclickthisbuttonbelowifyouarethepersonwhowishestobuyandsignupforthecourse.YouwillbedirectedtoourLearnerManagementSystemwhereyouwillbeaskedtologinorregisterforanaccount.Youwillthenbegiventheoptiontobuyaccesstothecourse.1.WhatisHSE’ssuggestionforfirstaiders?A.Buyingafouryearfirstaidcourse.B.Attendinganyearlyrefreshercourse.C.Updatingidentityinformationregularly.D.DownloadingtheircertificatesfromtheInternet.2.Atwhichsessioncanfirstaiderslearnhowtohelppeoplewithchestpains?A.Session1. B.Session2. C.Session3. D.Session4.3.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport. B.Adiaryentry.C.Aresearcharticle. D.Anadvertisement.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了一個(gè)有關(guān)急救的課程?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Coursedescription部分“TheHealthandSafetyExecutive(HSE)stronglyremendsthatfirstaidersattendarefreshercourseonceeveryyearduringthisthreeyearperiod.(健康與安全執(zhí)行局（HSE）強(qiáng)烈建議急救人員這三年期間每年參加一次進(jìn)修課程)”可知，健康與安全執(zhí)行局建議急救員每年參加一次進(jìn)修課程。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Coursecontent部分“ChestPains—30minutestoplete.Afterthissession,youwillbeabletohelpanindividualwhoisexperiencingchestpains.(胸痛——30分鐘完成。在這個(gè)課程之后，你將能夠幫助一個(gè)正在經(jīng)歷胸痛的人。)”可知，在第二階段，急救員可以學(xué)習(xí)如何幫助胸痛患者。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“ Thisinteractiveyearlyrefreshercourseprovidesfirstaiderswithanopportunitytopracticeandupdatetheirskillsasqualifiedfirstaiders,atanytimewhiletheirfirstaidcertificates(證書(shū))arevalid(有效的).(這個(gè)互動(dòng)式的年度進(jìn)修課程為急救人員提供了一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，在他們的急救證書(shū)有效期間，隨時(shí)練習(xí)和更新他們作為‘合格的急救人員’的技能)”以及最后一段“Pleaseclickthisbuttonbelowifyouarethepersonwhowishestobuyandsignupforthecourse.YouwillbedirectedtoourLearnerManagementSystemwhereyouwillbeaskedtologinorregisterforanaccount.Youwillthenbegiventheoptiontobuyaccesstothecourse.(如果您是想要購(gòu)買(mǎi)和注冊(cè)課程的人，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊下面的這個(gè)按鈕。您將被引導(dǎo)到我們的學(xué)習(xí)者管理系統(tǒng)，在那里您將被要求登錄或注冊(cè)一個(gè)帳戶。然后，您可以選擇購(gòu)買(mǎi)課程的訪問(wèn)權(quán)限)”可推斷，本文是一則網(wǎng)頁(yè)廣告。故選D。BBornonMarch21,1958,inLouisiana,GrantCardoneisnotatypicalcelebrity.Hedidn’tefromawealthyfamily.He’snotaHollywoodsuperstar,nordoeshehavesomeamazingtalents,likescriptwriting,politicsorathleticism.However,whathehasissomethingthatisavailabletousall,andthatisadeterminationtosucceed.Attheageof25,Cardonetookthefirstjobthathecouldfind.Thatjobwasasacarsalesman.ItwasatitleandapositionthatGrantwasnotveryfondof.However,theeconomywasslow,whichmeanthedidn’thavemanyoptions,sohemadeitwork.Cardonewasmittedtobeingthebestsalespersonhecouldbe.So,heinvested(投資)heavilyinhisownselfimprovementbyreadingbooksandstudyinghiscraftandhisindustry.Aftermittinghimselftobeinghisverybest,hisinequicklydoubled.Andsoonthereafter,hebecameoneofthebestcarsalesmeninthecountry.Heeventuallymovedontorunninghisownbusiness,andwasextremelysmartanddisciplined(自律的)withhismoney.Cardoneonlyspentmoneyonwhatwasabsolutelynecessaryforfoodandhousing.Hewouldplaceanythingleftoverintoaninvestmentfundjustforthepropertymarket.Cardone’sfocusonlearningmoresothathecouldearnmore,alongwithhavingthedisciplinetoinvesthisextramoney,insteadofwastingitonuselessthings,helpedhimbeeaselfmademillionairejustfiveyearslaterbytheageof30.Cardonehassincegoneontobeeawellknowninternationalbusinessman,speakerandtheownerofCardoneCapital,a$1.5billioninvestmentfirm.He’sauthoredtheNewYorkTimesbestsellingbooksIfYou’reNotFirst,You’reLast,andotherfamousbookslikeThe10XRule,andAxiomAwardwinningSellorBeSold.Inadditiontothis,healsofoundedCardoneUniversity,apopularsalestrainingplatformthathasover50,000,000andgrowingusers.IttookCardoneonlyfiveyearstopletelychangehisentirelife.Withtherightmindsetandsufficientwillpower,justimaginewhatfiveyearscoulddoforyou.4.WhydidCardonechoosetobeeacarsalesman?A.Tomeetasuperstar. B.Todoresearchoncars.C.Tosupporthimself. D.Tomaintainhisinterest.5.HowdidCardonehandlehismoney?A.Heboughtmanyclothes. B.Hehelpedhisfamilymembers.C.Hespentitonusefulthings. D.Heputmostofitinthebank.6.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytellusaboutCardone?A.Hisachievements. B.Theplansforhispany.C.Hisexperiencesofeducation. D.Thereasonsforhispopularity.7.WhatcanwelearnfromCardone’sstory?A.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.B.Investmentisriskybutrewarding.C.Makingmoneycallsforprofessionaladvice.D.Successrequiresdeterminationandefforts.【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了出生普通家庭的Cardone通過(guò)自己的努力和堅(jiān)定的決心，在5年內(nèi)取得了巨大的成就，改變了他的整個(gè)人生的故事?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“However,theeconomywasslow,whichmeanthedidn’thavemanyoptions,sohemadeitwork.(然而，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展緩慢，這意味著他沒(méi)有太多選擇，所以他做了這份工作)”可知，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展慢，Cardone選擇成為一名汽車(chē)推銷員是為了養(yǎng)活自己。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Heeventuallymovedontorunninghisownbusiness,andwasextremelysmartanddisciplinedwithhismoney.Cardoneonlyspentmoneyonwhatwasabsolutelynecessaryforfoodandhousing.(他最終開(kāi)始經(jīng)營(yíng)自己的企業(yè)，而且非常聰明，對(duì)錢(qián)也很有紀(jì)律?？ǘ嗉{只把錢(qián)花在了食物和住房絕對(duì)必要的東西上)”可知，Cardone對(duì)錢(qián)非常謹(jǐn)慎，只把錢(qián)花在有用的東西上。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Cardonehassincegoneontobeeawellknowninternationalbusinessman,speakerandtheownerofCardoneCapital,a$1.5billioninvestmentfirm.He’sauthoredthe

NewYorkTimes

bestsellingbooks

IfYou’reNotFirst,You’reLast, andotherfamousbookslike

The10XRule,andAxiomAwardwinningSellorBeSold.Inadditiontothis,healsofoundedCardoneUniversity,apopularsalestrainingplatformthathasover50,000,000andgrowingusers.(此后，Cardone成為一名知名的國(guó)際商人、演說(shuō)家，并擁有價(jià)值15億美元的投資公司CardoneCapital。他著有《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》暢銷書(shū)《如果你不是第一個(gè)，你是最后一個(gè)》，以及其他著名書(shū)籍，如《10X規(guī)則》和Axiom獎(jiǎng)獲獎(jiǎng)書(shū)《要么出售，要么被出售》。除此之外，他還創(chuàng)建了卡東大學(xué)，這是一個(gè)受歡迎的銷售培訓(xùn)平臺(tái)，擁有超過(guò)50000000名用戶，而且用戶還在不斷增長(zhǎng))”可知，第五段主要告訴我們Cardone的成就。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文及文章第一段“However,whathehasissomethingthatisavailabletousall,andthatisadeterminationtosucceed.(然而，他所擁有的是我們所有人都能得到的東西，這就是成功的決心)”可知，文章主要講述了出生普通家庭的Cardone通過(guò)自己的努力和堅(jiān)定的決心，在5年內(nèi)取得了巨大的成就，改變了他的整個(gè)人生的故事，故Cardone的故事告訴我們成功需要決心和努力。故選D項(xiàng)。CAteamofresearchersattheUniversityofCambridgehavecreatedaninnovativefloatingdevicethatusessolarpowertotransformpollutedwaterorseawaterintocleanhydrogen(氫氣)fuelandpurifiedwater.Thisdeviceisparticularlybeneficialforareaswithlimitedresourcesorwithoutaccesstotheelectricity,asitcanoperatewithanyopenwatersourceanddoesnotrelyonexternalpowersources.Ittakesitsinspirationfromphotosynthesis,theprocessbywhichplantsturnsunlightintofood.However,unlikeearlierversionsofthe“artificialleaf”,whichcouldproducegreenhydrogenfuelfromcleanwatersources,thisnewdeviceoperatesfrompollutedorseawatersourcesandcanproducecleandrinkingwateratthesametime.“Inremoteordevelopingregions,wherecleanwaterisrelativelyscarceandthebasicfacilitiesnecessaryforwaterpurificationarenotreadilyavailable,watersplitting(分解)isextremelydifficult,”saidAriffinMohamadAnnuar,amemberoftheresearchteam.“Thedevicethatcouldworkusingpollutedwatercouldsolvetwoproblemsatonce:itcouldsplitwatertomakecleanfuel,anditcouldmakecleandrinkingwater.”Thedevicethatcanmakecleanfuelandcleanwateratonceusingsolarpoweralonecouldhelpaddresstheenergyandthewatercrisesfacingsomanypartsoftheworld.Forexample,theindoorairpollutioncausedbycookingwith“dirty”fuels,suchaskerosene,isresponsibleformorethanthreemilliondeathsannually,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.Cookingwithgreenhydrogeninsteadcouldhelpreducethatnumbersignificantly.“It’ssuchasimpledesignaswell:injustafewsteps,wecanbuildadevicethatworkswellonwaterfromawidevarietyofsources,”saidAriffinMohamadAnnuar.“Inaddition,thenewdeviceusesmoreofthesun’senergy.Thelightdrivenprocessformakingsolarfuelsonlyusesasmallportionofthesolarspectrum(光譜)—there’sawholelotofthespectrumthatgoesunused.”8.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewdevice?A.Itcanhardlyproducecleanhydrogenfuel.B.Itneedsalotofpowertofunctionproperly.C.Itisnotasconvenientasthe“artificialleaf”.D.Itcanturnpollutedwaterintopurifiedwater.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scarce”inparagraph4mean?A.Insufficient. B.Cheap. C.Available. D.Useless.10.Whichwordcanbestdescribethenewdevice?A.Costly. B.Environmentallyfriendly.C.Outdated. D.plex.11.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleinparagraph5?A.Tostresstheharmofairpollutiontohumanbeings.B.Topredicthowmanypeoplewillbuythenewdevice.C.Toshowthepotentialimpactofthenewdeviceontheworld.D.Toexplaintheskillsofsellingthenewdevicetothepoorpeople.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。劍橋大學(xué)的一組研究人員發(fā)明了一種創(chuàng)新的浮動(dòng)裝置，該裝置利用太陽(yáng)能將受污染的水或海水轉(zhuǎn)化為清潔的氫燃料和純凈水。文章對(duì)此進(jìn)行了介紹?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AteamofresearchersattheUniversityofCambridgehavecreatedaninnovativefloatingdevicethatusessolarpowertotransformpollutedwaterorseawaterintocleanhydrogen(氫氣)fuelandpurifiedwater.(劍橋大學(xué)一組研究人員發(fā)明了一種創(chuàng)新的浮動(dòng)裝置，該裝置利用太陽(yáng)能將受污染的水或海水轉(zhuǎn)化為清潔的氫燃料和純凈水)”可知，這個(gè)新裝置可以把污染的水變成純凈水。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句中的“andthebasicfacilitiesnecessaryforwaterpurificationarenotreadilyavailable,watersplitting(分解)isextremelydifficult(而且水凈化所必需的基本設(shè)施并不容易獲得，水的分解非常困難)”可知，此處是指干凈的水相對(duì)稀缺，所以scarce意為“稀缺的”。故選A。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Thedevicethatcanmakecleanfuelandcleanwateratonceusingsolarpoweralonecouldhelpaddresstheenergyandthewatercrisesfacingsomanypartsoftheworld.Forexample,theindoorairpollutioncausedbycookingwith“dirty”fuels,suchaskerosene,isresponsibleformorethanthreemilliondeathsannually,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.Cookingwithgreenhydrogeninsteadcouldhelpreducethatnumbersignificantly.(該裝置可以利用太陽(yáng)能同時(shí)制造清潔燃料和清潔水，可以幫助解決世界許多地區(qū)面臨的能源和水危機(jī)。例如，根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織的數(shù)據(jù)，用煤油等“骯臟”燃料做飯?jiān)斐傻氖覂?nèi)空氣污染，每年造成300多萬(wàn)人死亡。用綠色氫烹飪可以幫助顯著減少這一數(shù)字)”可推知，這款新裝置是環(huán)境友好型的。故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“Thedevicethatcanmakecleanfuelandcleanwateratonceusingsolarpoweralonecouldhelpaddresstheenergyandthewatercrisesfacingsomanypartsoftheworld.(該裝置可以利用太陽(yáng)能同時(shí)制造清潔燃料和清潔水，可以幫助解決世界許多地區(qū)面臨的能源和水危機(jī))”可推知，作者在第5段提到這個(gè)例子是為了展示新設(shè)備對(duì)世界的潛在影響。故選C。DRecentresearchhasfoundthatMartian(火星的)soilcontainsalltheessentialnutrientsnecessaryforgrowingrice,planetaryscientistAbhilashRamachandranoftheUniversityofArkansasinFayetteville,reportedattheLunarandPlanetaryScienceConference,providingnewpossibilitiesforagricultureontheRedPlanet.Thestudy,conductedbyateamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofArkansasinFayetteville,testedsimulated(模擬的)Martiansoiltodetermineitssuitabilityforgrowingrice.Theresearchersfoundthatthesoilcontainedalltheessentialnutrientsneededforthecroptogrow.However,itwouldbeabitchallengingfortheplantstosurviveinthesoilthathasperchlorate,achemicalthathasbeendetectedonMars’surfaceandcanbepoisonoustoplants.TheteamgrewriceplantsinaMartiansoilsimulantprimarilymadeofMojaveDesertbasalt(玄武巖).However,thenewgrownplantsdevelopedslightershootsandthinnerrootsthantheplantsthatgrewfromthepottingmix.Evenreplacingjust25percentofthesimulantwithapottingmixmadeabigdifference,theteamfound.Theteamofresearchersthenconductedanexperimenttogrowriceinsoilcontainingperchlorate.Theyusedawildricevarietyandtwogeneticallyeditedvarieties,whichweredesignedtostanduptoenvironmentalstressorssuchasdrought,andtestedtheminMarssimulatedsoilwithandwithoutperchlorate.Thestudyrevealedthataconcentrationofthreegramsofperchlorateperkilogramofsoilresultedinnogrowthofriceplants.However,whentheconcentrationwasreducedtoonegramperkilogram,oneofthegeneticallyeditedlinessuccessfullygrewbothashootandaroot,whilethewildvarietywasonlyabletogrowaroot.“WewanttosendhumanstoMarsbutwecannottakeeverythingthere.It’sgoingtobeexpensive,”saidRamachandran.ThediscoverycouldbeagamechangerforfuturemissionstoMars,asitcouldenableastronautstogrowtheirownfoodontheplanet,reducingtheneedforcostlyandplexresupplymissions.12.Howdidtheresearchersconducttheirstudy?A.Byaskingquestions. B.Bycarryingoutexperiments.C.Bymakingacasestudy. D.Byreferringtoformerstudies.13.Thegeneeditedvarietygrowsbetterinonekilogramofsoilcontaining______.A.onegramofperchlorate B.twogramsofperchlorateC.threegramsofperchlorate D.fourgramsofperchlorate14.WhydidtheresearcherswanttogrowriceonMars?A.Tofindawonderfulwaytomakemoney.B.TosupportthegrowingpopulationonEarth.C.TohelpastronautsfeedthemselvesonMars.D.Toenablepeopletoeatnewvarietiesofrice.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhatShouldWeGrowonMars?B.HowDidMartianSoilChangeOverTime?C.PeopleAreLikelytoLiveonMarsYearsLaterD.MartianSoilMayHaveAlltheEssentialNutrientsRiceNeeds【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹在火星土壤上種植稻米的可能性以及實(shí)驗(yàn)的經(jīng)過(guò)。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thestudy,conductedbyateamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofArkansasinFayetteville,testedsimulated(模擬的)Martiansoiltodetermineitssuitabilityforgrowingrice.

(這項(xiàng)研究由費(fèi)耶特維爾阿肯色大學(xué)的一個(gè)研究小組進(jìn)行，他們測(cè)試了模擬的火星土壤，以確定其是否適合種植水稻)”可知，研究人員是通過(guò)做實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行研究的。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Thestudyrevealedthataconcentrationofthreegramsofperchlorateperkilogramofsoilresultedinnogrowthofriceplants.However,whentheconcentrationwasreducedtoonegramperkilogram,oneofthegeneticallyeditedlinessuccessfullygrewbothashootandaroot,whilethewildvarietywasonlyabletogrowaroot.(研究表明，每公斤土壤中含有3克高氯酸鹽的濃度導(dǎo)致水稻無(wú)法生長(zhǎng)。然而，當(dāng)濃度降低到每公斤1克時(shí)，其中一個(gè)基因編輯的品系成功地長(zhǎng)出了芽和根，而野生品種只能長(zhǎng)出根)”可知，在含有1克高氯酸鹽的1公斤土壤中生長(zhǎng)的基因編輯過(guò)的品種長(zhǎng)的更好。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“ThediscoverycouldbeagamechangerforfuturemissionstoMars,asitcouldenableastronautstogrowtheirownfoodontheplanet,reducingtheneedforcostlyandplexresupplymissions.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會(huì)改變未來(lái)的火星任務(wù)，因?yàn)樗梢允褂詈絾T在火星上種植自己的食物，減少昂貴而復(fù)雜的補(bǔ)給任務(wù)的需要)”可推知，研究者想要在火星上種植水稻是為了幫助宇航員在火星上養(yǎng)活自己。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“RecentresearchhasfoundthatMartian(火星的)soilcontainsalltheessentialnutrientsnecessaryforgrowingrice,planetaryscientistAbhilashRamachandranoftheUniversityofArkansasinFayetteville,reportedattheLunarandPlanetaryScienceConference,providingnewpossibilitiesforagricultureontheRedPlanet.(費(fèi)耶特維爾阿肯色大學(xué)的行星科學(xué)家AbhilashRamachandran在月球和行星科學(xué)會(huì)議上報(bào)告說(shuō)，最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，火星土壤含有種植水稻所需的所有必需營(yíng)養(yǎng)素，這為這顆紅色星球上的農(nóng)業(yè)提供了新的可能性)”可知，本文主要講的是火星土壤可能含有水稻種植所需的所有必要養(yǎng)分。由此可知，“火星土壤可能含有水稻所需的所有必需營(yíng)養(yǎng)素”適合作本文的標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenitestotravelingwithkids,whetherit’sashortweekendgetaway—aroadtriporaluxuriouscampingadventure,thechallengesincrease.____16____.Theywillensureyou’rewellpreparedforanysituation.Travelatyourfamily’space（節(jié)奏）____17____,butthat’sperfectlyfine.Taketheopportunitytoexploretogetheratapacethatsuitsyourfamily.It’sabouttheexperience,soyoucanplanonemainactivityandleavetherestofthedayforexploration.InvolvekidsintheplanningprocessIt’sagreatideatoengageyourchildreninthevacationplanningprocess.____18____.Youcanmakeitfunbycreatingfamilyflashcardswithinterestingfactsabouttheplacesyou’llvisit.Thisnotonlygetsthemexcitedbutalsoeducatesthemabouttheapproachingadventure.____19____Travelingtonewplacescanbeafantasticeducationalexperienceforbothparentsandkids.Theeducationaltravelhasgainedpopularity,withhotelsandtourpaniesofferingexperiencesthatteachsomethingnew.Encourageyourchildrentoexploretheirinterestsandchooseactivitiesandtripsthatsatisfytheircuriosity.PlanwithatravelpanyPlanningatripwithkidscanbequitechallenging.Whilesomeparentsenjoyorganizingeverydetail,othersfinditstressful.Usingatravelpanycaneasetheburdenofcoordination(協(xié)調(diào)),allowingyoutofocusonotherpretriptasks.____20____A.ThefollowingaresomepracticaltipsB.UsetravelasaneducationalopportunityC.ResearchexperiencesoffellowtravelersD.ItprovidespeaceofmindduringyourjourneyE.Youdon’tnecessarilyhavetohandthemaglobeF.FamilytravelmightbedifferentfromtravelingaloneG.It’saconvenientoptionforfamilieswithbusyschedules【答案】16.A17.F18.E19.B20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了家庭旅行的建議?！?6題詳解】由上文“Whenitestotravelingwithkids,whetherit’sashortweekendgetaway—aroadtriporaluxuriouscampingadventure,thechallengesincrease.(當(dāng)和孩子一起旅行時(shí)，無(wú)論是一個(gè)短暫的周末旅行——公路旅行，還是一次豪華的露營(yíng)冒險(xiǎn)，挑戰(zhàn)都會(huì)增加。)”和后文“Theywillensureyou’rewellpreparedforanysituation.(它們會(huì)確保你對(duì)任何情況都做好了充分的準(zhǔn)備。)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“露營(yíng)的提示、建議”有關(guān)的話題，故A選項(xiàng)“Thefollowingaresomepracticaltips(以下是一些實(shí)用技巧)”能承上啟下，符合題意。故選A?！?7題詳解】由下文“Taketheopportunitytoexploretogetheratapacethatsuitsyourfamily.It’sabouttheexperience,soyoucanplanonemainactivityandleavetherestofthedayforexploration.(抓住機(jī)會(huì)，以適合你的家庭的節(jié)奏一起探索。重要的是體驗(yàn)，所以你可以計(jì)劃一個(gè)主要活動(dòng)，剩下的時(shí)間去探索。)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“家庭的節(jié)奏”有關(guān)的話題，故F選項(xiàng)“Familytravelmightbedifferentfromtravelingalone(家庭旅行可能與獨(dú)自旅行不同)”能引起下文，指出家庭旅行要有家庭旅行的節(jié)奏，符合題意。故選F?！?8題詳解】由上文“It’sagreatideatoengageyourchildreninthevacationplanningprocess.(讓你的孩子參與到假期計(jì)劃的過(guò)程中來(lái)是個(gè)好主意。)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“孩子參與假期計(jì)劃”有關(guān)的話題，由后文“Youcanmakeitfunbycreatingfamilyflashcardswithinterestingfactsabouttheplacesyou’llvisit.Thisnotonlygetsthemexcitedbutalsoeducatesthemabouttheapproachingadventure.(你可以制作家庭抽認(rèn)卡，上面寫(xiě)著你要去的地方的趣聞?shì)W事，讓旅行變得有趣起來(lái)。這不僅能讓他們興奮，還能讓他們了解即將到來(lái)的冒險(xiǎn)。)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“假期計(jì)劃的地點(diǎn)”有關(guān)的話題，故E選項(xiàng)“Youdon’tnecessarilyhavetohandthemaglobe(你不一定要遞給他們一個(gè)地球儀)”能承上啟下，符合題意。故選E?！?9題詳解】由下文“Travelingtonewplacescanbeafantasticeducationalexperienceforbothparentsandkids.Theeducationaltravelhasgainedpopularity,withhotelsandtourpaniesofferingexperiencesthatteachsomethingnew.Encourageyourchildrentoexploretheirinterestsandchooseactivitiesandtripsthatsatisfytheircuriosity.(到新的地方旅行對(duì)父母和孩子來(lái)說(shuō)都是一次奇妙的教育經(jīng)歷。教育旅游越來(lái)越受歡迎，酒店和旅游公司提供教新東西的體驗(yàn)。鼓勵(lì)你的孩子探索他們的興趣，選擇滿足他們好奇心的活動(dòng)和旅行。)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“旅行的教育”有關(guān)的話題，故B選項(xiàng)“Usetravelasaneducationalopportunity(利用旅行作為教育機(jī)會(huì))”能引起下文，符合題意。故選B?！?0題詳解】由上文“Planningatripwithkidscanbequitechallenging.Whilesomeparentsenjoyorganizingeverydetail,othersfinditstressful.Usingatravelpanycaneasetheburdenofcoordination(協(xié)調(diào)),allowingyoutofocusonotherpretriptasks.(計(jì)劃一次帶孩子的旅行是很有挑戰(zhàn)性的。一些家長(zhǎng)喜歡整理每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，而另一些家長(zhǎng)則覺(jué)得壓力很大。使用旅游公司可以減輕協(xié)調(diào)的負(fù)擔(dān)，讓你專注于旅行前的其他任務(wù)。)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“旅游公司減輕負(fù)擔(dān)”有關(guān)的話題，故G選項(xiàng)“It’saconvenientoptionforfamilieswithbusyschedules(對(duì)于日程繁忙的家庭來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一個(gè)方便的選擇)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Returninghomefrommyuniversityonahotday,Ilongedforacoldsugarydrink.Irushedtothefridgeto___21___one,satonmysofaand____22____playingwithmymobilephone.ThatwaswhereI____23____anadforsomeburgersandfries.IdecidedtoorderbecauseIwas____24____andneededsome____25____tofinishmytodolistfortheday.Ididn’tknowatthatpointthateatingthistypeofhighlyprocessedfoodwouldmakemefeellazier,sleepier—and____26____mywholelifeinaharmfulway.Ihadmovedawayfromhomein2021,whenIwas18,to____27____myeducation.Itwasmyfirsttimelivingwithoutmyfamilyand____28____myselfindependently.Iwasoutofmyfortzoneandfelt____29____.Thereweresomanythingstodo,soIpaidlittleattentiontomy____30____becauseeatinghighlyprocessedfoodseemedthequickestand____31____thingtodo.About4weeksaftermovingawayfromhome,Icontinued____32____whateverIwanted,untilonedaymystomachhurtsobadlythatIcould____33____walk.Mydoctortoldmeitwasthe____34____ofalltheunhealthyfoodIhadbeeneating.HesuggestedImakeanefforttoeatahealthyand____35____dietthatgavemealltherightnutrients.21.A.buy B.grab C.fancy D.hide22.A.practiced B.forgot C.started D.missed23A.saw B.wrote C.ignored D.sent24.A.thirsty B.hungry C.proud D.sad25.A.time B.advice C.energy D.peace26.A.share B.escape C.waste D.affect27.A.support B.continue C.quit D.introduce28.A.petingwith B.searchingfor C.watchingover D.lookingafter29.A.stressed B.excited C.relieved D.ashamed30.A.study B.diet C.family D.weight31.A.cheapest B.newest C.easiest D.safest32.A.finishing B.helping C.playing D.eating33.A.barely B.immediately C.eventually D.patiently34.A.experience B.reason C.result D.chance35.A.poor B.free C.limited D.balanced【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.C26.D27.B28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.A34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因?yàn)椴蛔⒁怙嬍?，胃疼得厲害。最后，作者意識(shí)到健康飲食的重要性。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我沖到冰箱前拿了一杯，坐在沙發(fā)上開(kāi)始玩。A.buy買(mǎi)；B.grab取，拿；C.fancy想要；D.hide隱藏。根據(jù)前文的“Returninghomefrommyuniversityonahotday,Ilongedforacoldsugarydrink.”可知，在一個(gè)大熱天從大學(xué)回家的路上，“我”很想喝一杯冷飲，所以“我”沖到冰箱前拿了一杯。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我沖到冰箱前拿了一杯，坐在沙發(fā)上開(kāi)始玩。A.practiced練習(xí)；B.forgot忘記；C.started開(kāi)始；D.missed錯(cuò)過(guò)。根據(jù)前文的“Returninghomefrommyuniversityonahotday,Ilongedforacoldsugarydrink.Irushedtothefridgeto1one,satonmysofa”和后文“playingwithmymobilephone”可知，從大學(xué)回家后，“我”拿了一杯冷飲后，坐在沙發(fā)上開(kāi)始玩。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我在那里看到了漢堡和薯?xiàng)l的廣告。A.saw看見(jiàn)；B.wrote寫(xiě)；C.ignored忽略；D.sent發(fā)送。根據(jù)后文的“anadforsomeburgersandfries”可知，“我”看到了漢堡和薯?xiàng)l的廣告。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我決定點(diǎn)餐，因?yàn)槲茵I了，需要一些能量來(lái)完成我當(dāng)天的任務(wù)清單。A.thirsty口渴的；B.hungry饑餓的；C.proud驕傲的；D.sad悲哀的。根據(jù)前文的“ThatwaswhereI3anadforsomeburgersandfries.Idecidedtoorderbecause”可知，“我”看到了漢堡和薯?xiàng)l的廣告，并且覺(jué)得餓了，才決定點(diǎn)餐。故選B項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我決定點(diǎn)餐，因?yàn)槲茵I了，需要一些能量來(lái)完成我當(dāng)天的任務(wù)清單。A.time時(shí)間；B.advice建議；C.energy能量；D.peace和平。根據(jù)前文的“Idecidedtoorder”和后文“tofinishmytodolistfortheday”可知，我決定點(diǎn)餐，需要一些“能量”來(lái)完成我當(dāng)天的任務(wù)清單。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我當(dāng)時(shí)并不知道吃這種高度加工的食物會(huì)讓我感覺(jué)更懶、更困——并以一種有害的方式影響我的整個(gè)生活。A.share分享；B.escape逃逸；C.waste浪費(fèi)；D.affect影響。根據(jù)前文的“eatingthistypeofhighlyprocessedfoodwouldmakemefeellazier,sleepier”和后文“mywholelifeinaharmfulway.”可知，這種高度加工的食物會(huì)讓“我”感覺(jué)更懶、更困，所以這種高度加工的食物以一種有害的方式影響“我”的整個(gè)生活。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：2021年，我18歲，為了繼續(xù)學(xué)業(yè)，我離開(kāi)了家。A.support支持；B.continue繼續(xù)；C.quit退出；D.introduce介紹。根據(jù)前文的“Ihadmovedawayfromhomein2021,whenIwas18”和后文“myeducation”可知，