2023-2024學(xué)年山西省省級名校高三下學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考英語試題(解析版)

高中名校英語試卷PAGEPAGE2山西省省級名校2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時(shí),請先將案標(biāo)在試卷上,錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的〖答案〗轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.19.15:B.￡9.18.C.±9.15.〖答案〗是C1.Whatdoesthemansuggestduring?A.Checkingoutearly.B.Relaxingbythepool.C.Headingtotheairportnow.〖答案〗B〖解析〗W:Hi,Tom.Whattimeshouldwecheckout?M:Check-outtimeisat2:00pm,andIthinkwecansleepinandrelaxbythepoolbeforeweheadtotheairport.2.Wheredidthemangoonvacationlastweek?A.NewYork. B.Canada. C.Mexico.〖答案〗A〖解析〗W:DidyougotoNewYorkinsteadonvacationlastweek?M:Yes.WeusuallygotoCanadainthespring,butthisyearwethoughtwe’dhaveachange.AfterthatfreezingwinterthewarmMexicoseemedappealing.3.Whydoesthewomenfeelpity?A.Shecouldn’treceiveasatisfactorysalary.B.ShemightnotbeabletoseethemanasusualC.Shecan’ttraveltoHongKongwiththeman.〖答案〗B〖解析〗M:HiSusan.Goodnews!I’vebeenofferedanewjobandmysalarywillbedoubled.W:That’sgreat.Butwhat’sapitythatyouhavetomovetoHongKong.4.HowwillthespeakersgotoShenzhen?A.Bytrain. B.Byplane. C.Bycar.〖答案〗A〖解析〗W:TakeatraintoShenzhenwouldbetiring.Whydon’twejustmakeaflightbooking?M:ButIwanttoenjoythesceneryalongtheway.Ihaveacarandwecandriveourselves.W:Wow,Icouldn’tagreemore.5.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandstaff. B.Husbandandwife. C.Teacherandstudent.〖答案〗A〖解析〗M:Haveaseat,Cindy.Yourletterofgivingupthepresentjobcomesasabitofasurprise.Ithoughtyouwerehappyhere.W:Yes,Iam.Butmyhusbandhasgotpromotedinanothercity.Ihavetostaywithhim.M:Isee.Goodlucktoyou!第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whydoesthemanmakeaphonecall?A.Tocancelascheduledflight.B.Tobookhisflightinadvance.C.Toconfirmhisflightinformationagain.7.Whenisthebesttimeforthemantocheckin?A.At10:40am. B.At11:00pm. C.At2:00pm.〖答案〗6.C7.B〖解析〗M:Excuseme,Iliketoreconfirmmyflightplease.W:OK.Pleaseshowmeyournameandflightnumber.M:MynameisLorrySmithandflightnumberis327.W:Holdtheline,please….Allright.Yourseatisconfirmed,Mr.Smith.You’llleaveat11:40a.m.onJune15th,andarriveinAmsterdamat1:00p.m.You’dbettercheckinatleastonehourbeforedeparturetime.Andwewillstopcheckinginhalfanhourbeforedeparturetime.M:Thankyouforremindingme.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatisthewomannow?A.Astudent. B.Ajudge. C.Anartist.9.Whatdoesthemanprefertodo?A.Dealwiththings.B.Workwithkids.C.Dosomemanagement.〖答案〗8.A9.B〖解析〗M:Hi,Susan.Whatdoyouwanttodoaftergraduation?W:MypoliticsprofessorsaysIshouldthinkaboutajobinlaw.ButIdon’tthinkI’dmakeagoodjudgebecauseI’mnotgoodatdealingwiththings.M:That’strue.YoulovepaintingpicturesandIthinkyouwillbeagoodartist.W:Thankyou!Whataboutyou?M:Youknowmyparentshavearestaurant,right?Theywantmetobethemanager.Honestly,IwanttobeateacherbecauseIlikeworkingwithkids,andI’mgoodatit.W:That’strue.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.Whatwillthewomandoaftertheinterview?A.Advertisethegarden.B.Visittheman’sgarden.C.Writeforanewspaper.11.Whatfirstlymadethemanshowaninterestingardening?A.Beinggiftedplantsbyfriends.B.Readingaboutgardeningin1980.C.VisitingKewGardensfrequently.12.WheredidMr.Whinfieldlearnalotaboutgardening?A.Fromgardeningclasses.B.FromvisitingKewGardens.C.Fromreadinggardeningbooks.13.Whatdidtheman’sfirstgardenlooklike?A.Itwasatinypieceofland.B.Itwasfilledwithwildflower.C.ItwaslocatedinWestLondon.〖答案〗10.C11.B12.B13.A〖解析〗W:Mr.Whinfield,thankyouforallowingmetovisityourwonderfulgarden.Itreallyhelpsmealottowriteanarticleaboutyouforourpaper.Now,IwonderifIcouldaskyouafewquestions.M:Yes,sure.W:Couldyoutellmewhenyoubecameinterestedingardening?M:Well,Iwasalwaysinterestedinwildflowers.Andin1980IreadMargeryFisher’sbookCollegeGardenFlowers,whichwasfullofpracticaladviceandpersonalopinions.W:Yes,theseadvicealwaysgivesusnewanglesofseeingthings.Anddoyoulikevisitinggardens?M:IusedtovisitKewGardensalot.Ilearnedalotfrommyvisits.W:Yes,certainly.Whatwasyourfirstgardenlike?M:ItwasaverytinypieceoflandwhichcamewithmyhouseinWestLondon.W:Doyougrowmanyplantsyourself?M:Idon’tgrowmanyplantsfromseeds,butIhaveseveralfriends,andweoftengiveeachotherplants.W:Nowondervisitorssaytheycansensesweetnessinthegarden.Thankyousomuchforyoursharing.聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題。14.Whydoesthewoman’sdadwanttomoveabroad!A.Hehopestoreturntohishometown.B.Heistiredofthefastpaceofcitylife.C.Hepreferstoliveinasmallertown.15.Wherearethespeaker’sparentsplanningtomove?A.Valencia. B.Abusycity. C.Aremotevillage.16.WhatdoweknowaboutVatencia?A.Itisquitefamiliartothewoman’sparents.B.Itisakindofabigtownwithquietenvironment.C.Itisanidealplacetoliveforthewoman’sparents.17.Whatneedsthewomantodobeforemoving?A.Takeoverthefamilybusiness.B.MovetoSpainwithherparents.C.Assistherparentswiththemove.〖答案〗14.C15.A16.C17.C〖解析〗W:Peter,Ijustfoundoutthatmyparentsaremoving.M:Wow,areyousurprised?W:Well,notreally.Theyaregettingolder,andmydadintendstoliveinasmallertown.Momsaysshejustcan’twaittogetridofthefastcitybeats.M:Sowherearetheygoingtomove?W:Thisishardtobelieve.TheyaregoingtoValencia.It’sacharminglittletownbytheriverwitharefreshingandquietenvironmentthatmeetsalltheirexpectations.M:DoyourparentsspeakSpanish?W:No,buttheysaytheyarewillingtolearn.Theyhavealwayswantedtoliveabroad.Nowthattheyareretired,theyfinallygettodoit.M:Soundslikethisisgoingtobequiteanexcitingmove.So,whenexactlyaretheymoving?W:Inafewmonths.Theyhavetopackupandtakecareofallourfamilybusiness.I’mgoingtohelpthemwiththemove.Imayeventrytostaythereforawhile.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.HowdostudentscelebrateEarthDay?A.Byholdingacelebration. B.Bydoingsomeclean-up.C.Bypromotingavolunteerjob.19.Howlongwilltheeventlast?A.Twohours. B.Threeandhalfhours. C.Fourhours.20.Whatrequirestheparticipantstodo?A.Gotherewithparents. B.Completeanonlineform. C.Bringtheirowngloves.〖答案〗18.B19.B20.C〖解析〗W:Boysandgirls,attention,please.Hereisamessageforyou.EarthDayiscoming.Itisatraditionforustodoaclean-uptocelebratethefestival.YouarewelcometojoinourvolunteerworkonEarthDaythisyear.PleasemeetateitherEast36thStreetlamp;WestRiverParkway.You’llseeasmalltentandaplaceforyoutosignyournamenearthecycleandwalkingtrails.Pleasenotethatthestarttimeis8:30amandtheeventwillendbynoon.You’llsigninandreceivetrashbagsanddirections.Pleasebringyourowngloves.EachparticipantwillbeprovidedwithaParkwayPiazalunch.Teensaged15andabovearewelcometoparticipate!However,wewillneedyourparentstocompleteanonlinepermissionformaheadoftimeifyouareunder16.Ifyouwantmoreinformation,don’thesitatetocontactme.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題3分,滿分45分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B.C,D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AInstructorscanuseexaminationstoevaluatestudentperformanceinaclass.Midtermexaminationnoticesandfinalexaminationdatesandtimesarepublishedbeforeregisteringbegins.MidtermExaminationGuidelinesMidtermexaminationsareusuallyheldduringregularlyscheduledclassmeetingtimes.However,largeclasseswithmultiplesectionsrequiringacommonmidtermexaminationcanholdexaminationsoutsideregularclassmeetingtimeswiththefollowingrestrictions:●Noticeofout-of-classmidtermexaminationdatesandtimesmustbepublishedintheScheduleofClassesandonMyUCLAbeforeregistrationbegins.●Instructorsmustincludeout-of-classmidtermexaminationdatesinthecourseoutline.FinalExaminationGuidelinesFinalexaminationsaregenerallyheldinthesameroomsasclassmeetings;however,bypriorarrangementwiththeRegistrar’sOffice,commonfinalexaminationscanbescheduled,andadditionalroomlocationsmaybebooked.FinalexaminationlocationsaredisplayedonMondayoftheninthweekofthetermintheScheduleofClassesandinMyUCLA.Itisthestudent’sresponsibilitytomakesurethefinalexaminationtimesdonotconflictbycheckingtheScheduleofClasses.Theinstructor’’smethodsofevaluationmustbeannouncedatthebeginningofthecourse.Finalwrittenexaminationsmaynotsurpassthreehours’lengthandaregivenonlyatthetimesandplacesestablishedandpublishedbythedepartmentchairandtheregistrar.Instructorsmustsubmitgradesnolaterthan10daysafterthelastdayoffinalsforfall,winter,andspringterms,andnolaterthan10daysafterthelastdayofanygivensummersession.21.Whatisthepurposeofpublishingexamnoticesbeforeregisteringbegins?A.Toannouncechangesaboutexampolicies.B.Toensurestudentsarewell-preparedforexams.C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofmidtermexams.D.Toallowstudentstoplantheirschedulesinadvance.22.Whencanout-of-classmidtermexaminationdatesandtimesbeannounced?A.Afterregistrationbegins. B.Beforeregistrationbegins.C.Anytimeduringthesemester. D.Onlyonthefirstdayoftheclass,23.Whatistheresponsibilityofstudentsregardingthefinalexaminationtimes?A.Todeterminethelocationsoffinalexaminations.B.Tomakesurethefinalexaminationtimesdonotconflict.C.Toscheduleadditionalroomlocationsforfinalexams.D.Tosubmitgradeswithin10daysafterthelastdayoffinals.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了大學(xué)考試安排?！即鸢浮?1.D22.B23.B【21題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“Midtermexaminationnoticesandfinalexaminationdatesandtimesarepublishedbeforeregisteringbegins.(期中考試通知和期末考試日期和時(shí)間在報(bào)名開始前公布。)”和“MidtermExaminationGuidelines(期中考試指引)”及“FinalExaminationGuidelines(期末考試指引)”中的信息可知，在注冊之前發(fā)布考試通知是為了讓學(xué)生提前了解考試時(shí)間，方便他們安排自己的課程表。故選D?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“Noticeofout-of-classmidtermexaminationdatesandtimesmustbepublishedintheScheduleofClassesandonMyUCLAbeforeregistrationbegins.(課外期中考試的日期和時(shí)間必須在注冊開始前在課程表和MyUCLA上公布。)”可知，期中考試日期和時(shí)間必須在注冊開始之前發(fā)布。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段最后一句“Itisthestudent’sresponsibilitytomakesurethefinalexaminationtimesdonotconflictbycheckingtheScheduleofClasses.(學(xué)生有責(zé)任檢查課程表，確保期末考試時(shí)間不沖突。)”可知，學(xué)生有責(zé)任確保期末考試時(shí)間不與其他時(shí)間沖突。故選B。BFrederickPhiri,knownasthejunk-artkingofZambia,setoutonaremarkablejourneyattheageof22whenhebeganearninganinternationalreputationforbeingabletomakecomplexandelegantsculpturesfromdesertedmetalfoundinhiscommunity.Phiri’spathtoartisticrecognitionwasfilledwithchallenges.Hischildhoodwasmarkedbythelossofhisfatherandhismotherleavinghimbehind,makinghimunderthecareofhisgrandfather.Whilehisgrandfatherprovidedforhisbasiceducation,Phirifacedfinancialstruggleswhenheenteredsecondaryschool,forcinghimtotakeonvariousjobstofundhisstudies.Yet,despitetheseobstacles,hispassionforartremainedgrowing,andhededicatedhisfreetimetodrawingandcraftingintheclassroom.Uponcompletinghiseducation,Phirisoughttosupporthimselfbycreatingwireanimalsculptures(雕塑品),whichhesoldtotourists.ItwasduringthisperiodthathisexceptionaltalentcaughttheattentionofKarenBeattie,thedirectorofProjectLuangwa,anonprofitorganizationcommittedtoeducationandeconomicdevelopmentincentralAfrica.Teamingupwithlocalwelder(焊接工)MosesMbewein2017,PhiricontributedtothecreationofacomplexsetofdoorsforProjectLuangwaduringtherainyseason.Impressedbyhiswork,BeattiepresentedPhiriwithachallenge:tocreateartfromabandonedwastemetal.Undiscouraged,Phiriembracedtheopportunity,transformingforgottenkeys,brokenbikechains,andoldmetalbottlesintoattractingabstractanimalsculptures,includingelephants,cranes,giraffes,andmonkeys.Today,Phiri’sartisticpursuitscontinuetoflourishashetransformsdesertedjunkintostrikingsculpturesshowcasedattheProjectLuangwaheadquarters.Histalenthasearnedrecognitionandadmirationfromthecommunity,fuelinghisdreamsofpursuingformalarteducationattheEvelynHoneCollegeinLusakaandcreatingevenmoremagnificentsculpturesinthefuture.Throughcreativityanddetermination,Phirihasturnedadversity(逆境)intoartisticsuccess,leavingalastingimpactonZambia’sartscene.24.WhatisPhiridistinguishedfor?A.Servinghiscommunity. B.Collectingworksofart.C.BeingthekingofZambia. D.Turningtrashintotreasure.25.WhataspectofPhiri’schildhoodshapedhisearlylife?A.Hisstruggletopayforprimaryschoolingbyhimself.B.Thelossofhisfatherandabandonmentbyhismother.C.Hisdedicationtopart-timejobswhileattendingschool.D.Hisresponsibilitytosupporthisgrandfatherfinancially.26.WhatchallengedidKarenBeattiepresenttoPhiri?A.Tocreatesculpturesfromwire.B.Tosellhissculpturesinternationally.C.Tocreateartfromdesertedwastemetal.D.TodesignacomplexsetofdoorsforProjectLuangwa.27.WhatattitudedoesPhiriexhibittowardshisfuture?A.Uncertain. B.Confident. C.Depressed. D.Confused.【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了贊比亞的廢物藝術(shù)家FrederickPhiri從艱苦的童年到成為國際知名的廢物藝術(shù)家的過程。他的童年充滿了挑戰(zhàn)，但他通過創(chuàng)造雕塑來表達(dá)自己的熱情，并獲得了國際認(rèn)可。他通過利用廢棄金屬創(chuàng)作出精美的動物雕塑，展示了他的創(chuàng)造力和決心?，F(xiàn)在，他的作品在贊比亞的ProjectLuangwa總部展出，他對未來充滿信心，希望繼續(xù)追求藝術(shù)教育，并創(chuàng)作更多精美的作品?！即鸢浮?4.D25.B26.C27.B【24題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“FrederickPhiri,knownasthejunk-artkingofZambia,setoutonaremarkablejourneyattheageof22whenhebeganearninganinternationalreputationforbeingabletomakecomplexandelegantsculpturesfromdesertedmetalfoundinhiscommunity.(Frederickphiri是贊比亞的廢品藝術(shù)之王；在他22歲的時(shí)候，他就開始在國際上享有盛名，因?yàn)樗軌蛴迷谒纳鐓^(qū)里發(fā)現(xiàn)的廢金屬制作復(fù)雜而精美的雕塑。)”可知，Phiri以用廢棄材料制作復(fù)雜而優(yōu)雅的雕塑而聞名，因此他以將垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化為寶貴藝術(shù)品而著稱。故選D?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Hischildhoodwasmarkedbythelossofhisfatherandhismotherleavinghimbehind,makinghimunderthecareofhisgrandfather.Whilehisgrandfatherprovidedforhisbasiceducation,Phirifacedfinancialstruggleswhenheenteredsecondaryschool,forcinghimtotakeonvariousjobstofundhisstudies.(他的童年的特點(diǎn)是父親去世，母親把他拋在身后，使他由祖父照顧。雖然他的祖父為他提供了基礎(chǔ)教育，但當(dāng)他進(jìn)入中學(xué)時(shí)，他面臨著經(jīng)濟(jì)困難，迫使他從事各種工作來資助他的學(xué)習(xí)。)”可知，Phiri的童年因父親的離世和母親的拋棄而備受打擊，這對他的早期生活產(chǎn)生了影響。故選B?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Impressedbyhiswork,BeattiepresentedPhiriwithachallenge:tocreateartfromabandonedwastemetal.(Beattie對Phiri的作品印象深刻，于是給他提出了一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)：用廢棄的廢金屬創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)。)”可知，KarenBeattie被Phiri的工作所打動，并交給他一個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)，即利用廢棄的金屬垃圾創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)品。故選C。【27題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章中最后一段“Histalenthasearnedrecognitionandadmirationfromthecommunity,fuelinghisdreamsofpursuingformalarteducationattheEvelynHoneCollegeinLusakaandcreatingevenmoremagnificentsculpturesinthefuture.(他的才華贏得了社區(qū)的認(rèn)可和欽佩，激發(fā)了他在盧薩卡伊夫林·霍恩學(xué)院接受正規(guī)藝術(shù)教育的夢想，并在未來創(chuàng)造出更多宏偉的雕塑。)”可知，Phiri未來要創(chuàng)造出更多宏偉的雕塑，可得出對未來的態(tài)度是自信的。故選B。CHumansspendapproximatelyone-thirdoftheirlivessleeping,whichmeansthatbythetimeyoureach15yearsold,youwillhavesleptforabout5years!However,thequestionremains:whydowedoit?Sleephaslongbeenapuzzleforpeople,leadingscientiststoexploreitsmysteries.Theyhavefoundthatduringsleep,ourbrainsandbodiesdonotsimplyshutdown;instead,complexprocessesunfold.Whatcausessleepiness?It’scausedbyourbiologicalclockreleasingaspecialchemicalsignalatthesametimedaily,signalingit’’stimetowinddown.Thefeelingofheavinesscomesfromthebuildupofoldnervemessengerchemicals.Whenthemessagegetstoomuch,thebrainsensesthatit’stimetosleep.Duringsleep,thebodybreaksdownandclearsawaytheseoldmessengers,preparingforafreshstart.Asyouslipintosleep,yourheartandbreathingslowdown,andyourbrainignoresthemostsoundsandsurroundingsaroundyou.Despiteappearances,yourbrainremainsactiveduringsleep,performingessentialtasks.Throughoutthenight,youcyclethroughlight,deep,andREM(rapideyemovement)sleepstagesevery90minutes.Earlyon,slow-wavesleepistheprimarystage,aidinginbraincleaning,whiletowardsmorning,REMsleepincreases,leadingtovividdreams.Duringsleep,yourbodyrepairsandgrows,creatingnewskin,muscle,andothertissueswithreleasedchemicals.It’salsoatimeforhormone(荷爾蒙)production,aidinggrowth,andboostingtheimmune(免疫)systemtofightinfections.Scientistsstillhavemanyquestionsaboutsleep,suchaswhysomepeopleneedmoresleepthanothersandhowcertainanimalscanfunctionwithlesssleep.Theyaimtofindwaystoimprovesleepquality.However,onethingisclear:gettingenoughsleepisvitalforhealthandintelligence.Thinkofsleepasafreemagicpotionthatstrengthensyou,aidsgrowth,boostsimmunity,andenhancesintelligence,happiness,andcreativity.Simplyliedownandresttoenjoythesebenefits.28.Whatinferencecanbedrawnfromscientists’findingsaboutsleep?A.Sleepservesnopurpose. B.Sleephasfundamentalprocesses.C.Sleepinvolvescomplexprocesses. D.Sleephasminimalimpactonbrainfunction.29.Whatistheprimaryfunctionofthebody’s“biologicalclock”?A.Determiningthebesttimeforsleep.B.Controllingchemicalswithinthebody.C.Managingeatinganddigestionpatterns.D.Regulatingdaytimeandnighttimeactivities.30.Whatisthemainfocusofthethirdparagraph?A.Describingthedifferentstagesandfunctionsofsleep.B.Discussingthebenefitsofdaytimeactivitiesforoverallhealth.C.Exploringtheeffectsofinadequatesleeponthebodyandmind.D.Analyzingtheimpactofstressontheimmunesystemduringsleep.31.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthestructureofthepassage?A.Narrativeofpersonalsleepexperiences.B.Comparisonofhumanandanimalsleeppatterns.C.Imaginarystoriesillustratingtheadvantagesofsleep.D.Explanationofsleepimportance,withbodyprocessesdescribed.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章解釋了睡眠的重要性并對睡眠過程進(jìn)行了描述?！即鸢浮?8.C29.A30.A31.D【28題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Theyhavefoundthatduringsleep,ourbrainsandbodiesdonotsimplyshutdown;instead,complexprocessesunfold.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在睡眠期間，我們的大腦和身體并不是簡單地停止工作；相反，復(fù)雜的過程展開了)”可推知，從科學(xué)家關(guān)于睡眠的發(fā)現(xiàn)中可以得出睡眠涉及復(fù)雜的過程。故選C?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“It’scausedbyourbiologicalclockreleasingaspecialchemicalsignalatthesametimedaily,signalingit’stimetowinddown.Thefeelingofheavinesscomesfromthebuildupofoldnervemessengerchemicals.Whenthemessagegetstoomuch,thebrainsensesthatit’stimetosleep.(它是由我們的生物鐘每天在同一時(shí)間釋放一種特殊的化學(xué)信號引起的，表明是時(shí)候放松了。這種沉重的感覺來自于舊的神經(jīng)信使化學(xué)物質(zhì)的積累。當(dāng)信息太多時(shí)，大腦就會覺得是時(shí)候睡覺了)”可知，生物鐘的主要功能是確定最佳睡眠時(shí)間。故選A?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Asyouslipintosleep,yourheartandbreathingslowdown,andyourbrainignoresthemostsoundsandsurroundingsaroundyou.Despiteappearances,yourbrainremainsactiveduringsleep,performingessentialtasks.Throughoutthenight,youcyclethroughlight,deep,andREM(rapideyemovement)sleepstagesevery90minutes.Earlyon,slow-wavesleepistheprimarystage,aidinginbraincleaning,whiletowardsmorning,REMsleepincreases,leadingtovividdreams.Duringsleep,yourbodyrepairsandgrows,creatingnewskin,muscle,andothertissueswithreleasedchemicals.It’salsoatimeforhormone(荷爾蒙)production,aidinggrowth,andboostingtheimmune(免疫)systemtofightinfections.(當(dāng)你進(jìn)入睡眠時(shí)，你的心臟和呼吸都會減慢，你的大腦會忽略你周圍的大多數(shù)聲音和環(huán)境。盡管表面上看，你的大腦在睡眠時(shí)仍然保持活躍，執(zhí)行重要的任務(wù)。整個(gè)晚上，你每90分鐘就會經(jīng)歷淺睡眠、深度睡眠和快速眼動睡眠階段。早期，慢波睡眠是初級階段，有助于大腦清潔，而到了早晨，快速眼動睡眠增加，導(dǎo)致生動的夢。在睡眠期間，你的身體修復(fù)和生長，產(chǎn)生新的皮膚、肌肉和其他組織，釋放出化學(xué)物質(zhì)。這也是荷爾蒙分泌、促進(jìn)生長、增強(qiáng)免疫系統(tǒng)對抗感染的時(shí)候)”可知，第三段主要描述了睡眠的不同階段和功能。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“However,thequestionremains:whydowedoit?(然而，問題仍然存在：我們?yōu)槭裁匆@樣做？)”和文章第二段“Whatcausessleepiness?(什么引起了睡眠？)”可推知，文章解釋了睡眠的重要性并對睡眠過程進(jìn)行了描述。故選D。DInagroundbreakingachievement,arhinohassuccessfullyundergoneembryo(胚胎)transfer,markingthefirstsuccessfuluseofamethodthatholdspromiseforsavingthenearlyextinctnorthernwhiterhinosubspecies.Theexperiment,conductedwiththelessendangeredsouthernwhiterhinosubspecies,involvedcreatinganembryoinalabusingeggsandsperm(精子)collectedfromotherrhinos.ThisembryowasthentransferredintoasouthernwhiterhinoalternativemotherinKenya.DespitetheunfortunatedeathofthealternativemotherduetoaninfectioninNovember2023,researcherspraisedthesuccessfulembryotransferandpregnancy(懷孕)asaproofofconcept.Theyarenowreadytoproceedtothenextstageoftheproject:transferringnorthernwhiterhinoembryos.ProfessorThomasHildebrandtexpressedoptimismaboutthefindings,highlightingthesignificanceofthesuccessfulembryotransferindemonstratingthatfrozenanddefrostedembryosproducedinalabcansurvive.Thisdevelopmentoffershopefortherevivalofthenorthernwhiterhinopopulation.However,challengesfacingrhinoconservationremainsignificant.Whilethesouthernwhiterhinosubspeciesandtheblackrhinospecieshaveshownsignsofrecoveryfrompopulationdeclinesduetoillegalhuntingfortheirhorns(牛角),thenorthernwhiterhinosubspeciesisontheedgeofextinction.Withonlytwoknownmembersleftintheworld,NajinandherdaughterFatu,bothunabletoreproducenaturally,andtherecentdeathofthelastmalewhiterhino,Sudan,in2018,urgentactionisneededtopreventtheextinctionofthissubspecies.Dr.JoShaw,CEOofSavetheRhinoInternational,emphasizedtheimportanceofaddressingtheprimarythreatsfacingrhinosworldwide:illegalhuntingfortheirhornsandhabitatlossduetodevelopment.Shestressedtheneedtoproviderhinoswiththespaceandsecuritytheyneedtosucceedintheirnaturalenvironment.Whilethesuccessfulembryotransferrepresentsasignificantadvancementinrhinoconservationefforts,organizedactionisrequiredtoaddressthemainchallengesfacingrhinopopulationsworldwide.32.Whatisthepurposeoftheexperimentmentionedinthetext?A.Toevaluatetheefficiencyofanewrhinobirthprogram.B.Toobservethebehaviorofrhinosinacontrolledenvironment.C.Toassesstheeffectsofclimatechangeonthesouthernrhinohabitats.D.Todevelopawayofrescuingtheendangerednorthernwhiterhinossubspecies.33.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“revival”inparagraph3?A.Rebirth. B.Decline. C.Stability. D.Decrease.34.Whatisthecurrentconditionofthenorthernwhiterhinosubspecies?A.Facingextinction. B.Showingsignsofrecovery.C.Developingintheirnaturalhabitat. D.Recoveringfrompopulationdeclines35.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthistext?A.Dr.JoShaw’sCalltoAction:AddressingThreatstoRhinoSurvivalB.ChallengesFacingRhinoConservationEfforts:UrgentActionNeededC.TheSuccessfulEmbryoTransfer:ABreakthroughinRhinoConservationD.ProfessorThomasHildebrandt’sOptimism:HopeforRhinoPopulationRevival【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是一項(xiàng)突破性研究，首次成功地將犀牛的胚胎移植到犀牛體內(nèi)，可能拯救瀕臨滅絕的北方白犀牛亞種?！即鸢浮?2.D33.A34.A35.C【32題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段“Inagroundbreakingachievement,arhinohassuccessfullyundergoneembryo(胚胎)transfer,markingthefirstsuccessfuluseofamethodthatholdspromiseforsavingthenearlyextinctnorthernwhiterhinosubspecies.(在一項(xiàng)突破性的成就中，一頭犀牛成功進(jìn)行了胚胎移植，這標(biāo)志著首次成功使用一種方法，有望拯救幾乎滅絕的北方白犀牛亞種。)”可知，這是一種有望拯救該亞種的新方法的首次成功應(yīng)用，由此可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是通過成功進(jìn)行的胚胎移植拯救瀕臨滅絕的北部白犀牛亞種。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ProfessorThomasHildebrandtexpressedoptimismaboutthefindings(托馬斯·希爾德布蘭特教授對研究結(jié)果表示樂觀)”可知，托馬斯·希爾德布蘭特教授對新的發(fā)現(xiàn)持樂觀態(tài)度，結(jié)合第一段中的“Inagroundbreakingachievement,arhinohassuccessfullyundergoneembryo(胚胎)transfer,markingthefirstsuccessfuluseofamethodthatholdspromiseforsavingthenearlyextinctnorthernwhiterhinosubspecies.(在一項(xiàng)突破性的成就中，一頭犀牛成功進(jìn)行了胚胎移植，這標(biāo)志著首次成功使用一種方法，有望拯救幾乎滅絕的北方白犀牛亞種。)”可知，新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)有望拯救幾乎滅絕的北方白犀牛亞種。結(jié)合劃線單詞前的“Thisdevelopmentoffershopefor(這一發(fā)展為……帶來了希望)”可推斷，這一發(fā)展給拯救幾乎滅絕的北方白犀牛亞種帶來希望，由此可知，劃線單詞的意思與“復(fù)興”意義相近。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Whilethesouthernwhiterhinosubspeciesandtheblackrhinospecieshaveshownsignsofrecoveryfrompopulationdeclinesduetoillegalhuntingfortheirhorns(牛角),thenorthernwhiterhinosubspeciesisontheedgeofextinction.(由于非法捕獵犀牛角，南方白犀牛亞種和黑犀牛亞種的數(shù)量已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了恢復(fù)的跡象，而北方白犀牛亞種正處于滅絕的邊緣。)”可知，北方白犀牛亞種正處于滅絕的邊緣，所以，當(dāng)前北方白犀牛亞種面臨著滅絕的境地。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段“Inagroundbreakingachievement,arhinohassuccessfullyundergoneembryo(胚胎)transfer,markingthefirstsuccessfuluseofamethodthatholdspromiseforsavingthenearlyextinctnorthernwhiterhinosubspecies.(在一項(xiàng)突破性的成就中，一頭犀牛成功進(jìn)行了胚胎移植，這標(biāo)志著首次成功使用一種方法，有望拯救幾乎滅絕的北方白犀牛亞種。)”以及下文中簡要介紹的實(shí)驗(yàn)分析和北方白犀牛亞種所面臨的境地可知，本文主要介紹的是一項(xiàng)具有突破性意義的成就——首次成功地將犀牛的胚胎移植到犀牛體內(nèi)，所以題目“成功的胚胎移植：犀牛保護(hù)的一個(gè)突破”與本文內(nèi)容吻合且概括了本文的主題，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題3分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Beingmoreorganizedcanchangeyourlifeforthebetterandcanevenresult-inyoubecomingmoresuccessful.Afterall,whenyouhavethingsinorder,youwillbelikelytogetmoredoneandachievemoreofyourgoals._____36_____.Ifyouaimtoenhanceyourorganizationalskills,considerusingthefollowingstrategies.●CreateaTo-DoListKeepingato-dolistiscrucialforstayingorganizedandensuringproductivitythroughoutyourday.Youcanchoosetraditionalpenandpapermethodsorusephoneappsandcomputersoftwareprogramstotracktasksandreceiveremindersfordeadlines._____37_____●KeepaScheduleIt’sessentialtomaintainaschedulebyrecordingimportantdatesfortaskssuchasbillpaymentsandprojectsubmissions.Additionally,keepingtrackofmeetingsandsettingalertsbeforehandensuresadequatepreparationandtimelyattendance._____38_____●GetThingsDoneRightAwayProcrastination(拖延癥)isonlygoingtocauseyouproblems._____39_____.Getthingsdoneassoonasyoucan,ratherthanputtingthemoffuntillateron.Notonlywillthishelpyoubemoreorganized,butitwillalsoreducetheamountoftimeyouwasteduringtheday.●SetPriorities_____40_____.Thismeansknowingwhatyouwantandnotbeingsorryfortakingtimeoutforit.Everyonehasprioritiesandtheyarealldifferent,soit’simportanttobetruetoyourselfandwhatyouwant.Youhavetomakealist,andmakesurethatyouworkyourwaydown.Putthemostimp