2024年高考考前押題密卷英語 01（新高考九省卷）（全解全析）

年高考考前押題密卷（新高考九省專用）英語·全解全析（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項:1.答題前,考生先將自己的姓名、準考證號碼填寫清楚,將條形碼準確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫,字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出,確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5.保持卡面清潔,不要折疊,不要弄破、弄皺,不準使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．What’swrongwiththeman?A．Histonguehurts. B．Heatesomethingwrong. C．Hisheadaches.【答案】A【原文】W:Whatistheexpression?Doesittastereallythatbad?M:No,it’sgood.Actuallyit’stoogood.IjustbitmytonguebecauseIatetoofast.W:ForamomentIjustthoughtmyapplepiegaveyouaheadacheorsomething.2．Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A．Tocancelaflight. B．Tomakeanapology. C．Toputoffameeting.【答案】C【原文】W:Hello,Mr.Smith.I’mafraidDr.Brownwon’tbeabletoseeyoutoday.He’sstillwaitingforaflightoutofNewYork.Hesaidhewouldmeetyoutomorrowafternoon.IsitOK?M:Soundsgood.Thankyouforcalling.3．Whatisthewomandoingnow?A．Eating. B．Goinghome. C．Havinggroupstudy.【答案】B【原文】M:Whereareyouheadinginsuchahurry?W:I’mheadinghome.M:Arewestillgoingtohavegroupstudytonight?W:Yeah.I’mjustgoinghometohavesomethingtoeat,andthenI’llbeback.M:OK.Seeyouthen.4．InwhichcitydidthewomanandJohnstaythelongest?A．Vienna. B．Rome. C．Paris.【答案】C【原文】M:WheredidyouandJohngoonvacation?W:WespentfourdaysinVienna,oneweekinParis,andfivedaysinRomeandwehadatwo-daydelayinGenevabeforewewenttoItaly.5．Howwillthemanpay?A．Incash. B．Bycreditcard. C．Bytraveler’scheque.【答案】A【原文】W:Doyouwanttopaybycreditcards,Sir?M:Err...CanIusemytraveler’schequeplease?W:Sorry,Sir,wedon’ttaketraveler’scheques.M:ThenI’llhavetopaycash.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話或獨白后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你將時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的做答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍?！韭牭?段材料，回答第6、7題?！?．Whatarethespeakersquarrellingover?A．Whethertoraiseapetrabbit.B．Howtospendmoneyontravelling.C．Whichsouvenirtochoose.7．What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Colleagues. B．Friends. C．Husbandandwife.【答案】6．B7．C【原文】M:Howmuchdidyouspendonthissouvenir?W:Notmuch.Only200dollars.M:What?Itoldyouwewereonalowbudget!Weneedtospendmoneyonrealmeaningfulthingslikefoodandtraffic!Andwhatisthisstuffyoubought?Aglass-maderabbitwhichcosts200dollars!Really?W:Whatisthepointoftravellingifyoucan’tletmeenjoymyself?Whydidn’tyoujustlockmeathomesoyoucouldenjoythishoneymoonallalone?【聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。】8．Whichplaceisthehostessgoingthistime?A．India. B．Africa. C．TheSouthPole.9．Howdidthehostesstraveltoherdestination?A．Byship. B．Byplane. C．Bytrain.【答案】8．C9．A【原文】W:Hi,John.It’sMaria.ThehostesswhofilmselephantsinAfricaandtigersinIndiaisdoingaspecialprogramtonight.M:IsshegoingbacktoAfrica?W:Well,thistimeshe’svisitingtheSouthPole,tostudysomeofthewildlifethere.Therewasnotrainthereandthebadweatherpreventedthemfromgoingtherebyplane…Ittooktwoweeksjusttogettherebysea.M:That’llbeinteresting,thanks!【聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題?！?0．Whatisthemandoing?A．Chairingameeting. B．Hostingaradioprogram. C．Conductingajobinterview.11．WhatbenefitsMarymostinherjob?A．Herwidereading. B．Herleaders’guidance. C．Herfriends’help.12．WhowillMarytalkaboutnext?A．Herteacher. B．Herfather. C．Hermother.【答案】10．B11．A12．C【原文】M:Dearlisteners,fortoday’sshow,Ihavewithmemycolleague,MaryLaney.ShehasbeenaradioTVreporterformanyyears.Mary,welcometoourshow!W:It’sapleasuretobehere.M:Wouldyoupleasetellourlistenerswhomostinfluencedyourdecisiontobecomeareporter?W:Bothmyparentshadagreatinfluenceuponmychoiceofwork.Insteadoftryingtopickoutajobforme,theyhelpedmelearnthosethingsthatledmetoit.M:Howdidtheydothat?W:MyfatheralwaystoldmethataneducationwasoneofthegreatestadvantagesIcouldhave,onethatwouldalwaysstaywithme.Heusedtotellmethatreaderswereleaders,andencouragedmetoreadallIcould.Asaresult,I’vealwayskeptupwiththenewspapers,faithfullyreadnewsmagazines,andlearnedtoreallyenjoybooks,allofwhichhavebeenaninvaluablehelptomeinradioandtelevisionreporting.M:Whataboutyourmother?W:Well,mymotherhelpedmeinamuchdifferentway.【聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題?！?3．Whydoesthemanseldomdoexercise?A．Helacksmotivation. B．Hehasaheartproblem. C．Heworksallthetime.14．WhatdoesJacobSattelmairprobablydo?A．He’sanathlete. B．He’saresearcher. C．He’sajournalist.15．Whydoesthewomanspeakofastudy?A．Toencouragetheman. B．Torecommendanexercise. C．Tosupportherfindings.16．Howmuchtimewillthemanprobablyspendexercisingweekly?A．300minutes. B．150minutes. C．75minutes.【答案】13．A14．B15．A16．C【原文】M:Weallknowthatexerciseisgoodforus,butsometimesitseemstoohardtoleavethesofa.W:Icanseethat.Youseldomdoexercise.M:Plus,havingthedoctortellustogettwoandahalfhoursofexerciseaweekdoesn’treallyhelpourmotivationmuch.W:Don’tbediscouraged.Nowanewstudysuggestsgettingbenefitsfromexercisedoesn’thavetobethatdemanding.JacobSattelmairfromHarvardUniversityhasdoneastudyintohowmuchexerciseisneededtolowertheriskofheartattacks.M:Hmm...interesting!W:Thestudyshowedthatpeoplewhoputin300minutesaweekofexercisehada20%lowerriskofdeathduetoheartdisease.Still,thepeoplewhoexercised150minutesaweekdidprettywelltoo,loweringtheirdeathriskby14%.M:Andwhataboutthepeoplewhoexercisehalfasmuchasthat,likewhatIprobablydo?Doesthathelp?W:Ofcourse,even15minuteswouldhelp.【聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。】17．Whoisthespeakerprobablyspeakingto?A．Moviefans. B．Newspaperreaders. C．Collegestudents.18．Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A．Howeducationshapedhislife.B．Howhislanguageskillsimproved.C．Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.19．Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?A．Proud. B．Sympathetic. C．Grateful.20．Whichsubjectmadeadifferenceinthespeaker’sbusiness?A．Business. B．Math. C．History.【答案】17．C18．A19．C20．B【原文】M:Thankyouverymuch,Dr.Johnson.Well,itisreallygreattobebackatuniversityagain.ThethingthatIwantedtotellyoutodayisthis:Educationisimportant.WhenIcametotheUS,Iwasonlythinkingaboutbeingacook,butIcouldnotreadthenewspaper.AndIcouldnotunderstandthenewsontelevisionormoviesoranythinglikethis.So,IenteredthecitycollegetotakeEnglishclassesforforeignstudents.IwasveryproudthatIwasgoingtoacollegebecausenooneinmyfamilyeverwenttoanycollegeortoanyuniversity.Youknow,whenyou’re15yearsoldinmycountry,youfinishschoolandthenyoulearnsomethingtomakealiving.Andthat’sexactlywhatIdid.Ayearlater,IcametoAmerica.Luckily,Imetaverygoodteacherwhoencouragedmetotakesomemathclasses,businessclasses,andhistoryclasses,andIbecameafull-timecollegestudent.Andtoday,whenIlookback,I’msohappybecauseyouneverknowwherelifewilltakeyou.Gradually,IstartedmakingmoneybecauseIwasreallygoodatmath.Youknow,workingoutproblemswithmathissoimportant.ThisissomethingthatIlearnedwhenIstartedmyownbusiness,whichisdoingreallywell.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AJobsWeek:FindYourNextJobHere▲ARegisteredNurseAveragesalary:$65,470peryearTopcitiesforhiring:SanAntonio,Texas;Chicago,Illinois;Dallas,TexasIntheUnitedStates,registerednurses(RNs)areclinicianswhohavecompletedatleastanassociatedegreeinnursing.TheBureauofLaborStatistics(BLS)hasidentifieditasoneofthetoptenoccupationsforcareergrowth.RNscaneitherpracticeindependentlyoraspartofahealthcareteam.▲ARetailAssociateAveragesalary:$21,410peryearTopcitiesforhiring:Atlanta,Georgia;Houston,Texas;Chicago,IllinoisRetailworkerssellproductsandhelpcustomersfindtheproductstheywant.AccordingtotheBLS,nearly14.8millionpeoplewereemployedasretailworkersin2017.TopplacestofindretailpositionsincludeWalmart,TargetandMacy’s.▲ATruckDriverAveragesalary:$46,000peryearTopcitiesforhiring:Atlanta,Georgia;Houston,Texas;Indianapolis,IndianaTruckdrivingdoesn’trequireacollegedegreeandcanpaywellevenattheentry-levelstage.Ittakesacertainkindofpersontoworkthelongweeksawayfromhome—butwithahighlevelofdemand,itcanbeagreatcareerchoiceforsomeonewhowantsjobsecuritywithoutthecubicle（格子間）.▲AWebDeveloperAveragesalary:$62,500peryearTopcitiesforhiring:Chicago,Illinois;NewYork;Atlanta,GeorgiaTechjobslikeWebDeveloperfrequentlytoplistsofthebestjobsforpay,work-lifebalance,andcareerwelfare.ThewideuseoftheInternetmeansthatwebdevelopersareincontinuousdemand,andtherearenoeducationbarrierspreventingjobseekersfromlearningprogramminglanguageslikeJavaorPython.21．Whomaygetthehighestsalaryeveryyearaccordingtothetext?A．Atruckdriver. B．Awebdeveloper.C．Aregisterednurse. D．Aretailassociate.22．Whatisthefactaboutretailassociates?A．Theydesignproductsandhelpproducethem.B．Theyhelpcustomersgettheirdesiredproducts.C．Theymusthaveanassociatedegreeinbusiness.D．TheyshouldlearnprogramminglanguageslikeJavaorPython.23．Whatcanweinferfromthecontentaboutawebdeveloper?A．Theycanfindajobmoreeasily.B．Theycanworkaspartofahealthcareteam.C．Designingawebdoesn’trequiremuchmentalwork.D．Thejobisfitforsomeonewhodoesn’tneedacubicle.【答案】21．C22．B23．A【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要圍繞四個職業(yè)——注冊護士、零售店員、卡車司機和網(wǎng)頁開發(fā)者進行說明，介紹了這些職業(yè)的平均薪資、招聘量最大的城市以及職業(yè)特點，幫助讀者了解這些職業(yè)的相關信息，以便他們根據(jù)自己的興趣和需求來選擇合適的職業(yè)。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章ARegisteredNurse部分中的“Averagesalary:$65,470peryear(平均年薪：65,470美元)”、ARetailAssociate部分中的“Averagesalary:$21,410peryear(平均年薪：21410美元)”、ATruckDriver部分中的“Averagesalary:$46,000peryear(平均年薪：4.6萬美元)”和AWebDeveloper部分中的“Averagesalary:$62,500peryear(平均年薪：62,500美元)”可知，平均年薪最高的職業(yè)是“ARegisteredNurse”。故選C。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章ARetailAssociate部分中“Retailworkerssellproductsandhelpcustomersfindtheproductstheywant.(零售助理銷售產(chǎn)品并幫助顧客找到他們想要的產(chǎn)品)”可知，零售助理幫助顧客找到他們想要的產(chǎn)品。故選B。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章AWebDeveloper部分中的“ThewideuseoftheInternetmeansthatwebdevelopersareincontinuousdemand,andtherearenoeducationbarrierspreventingjobseekersfromlearningprogramminglanguageslikeJavaorPython.(互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的廣泛使用意味著對web開發(fā)人員的需求是持續(xù)的，并且沒有教育障礙阻止求職者學習像Java或Python這樣的編程語言)”可知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的廣泛使用意味著對Web開發(fā)人員的需求是持續(xù)的；由此推知，網(wǎng)絡開發(fā)員更容易找到工作。故選A。BSo,Ididit.Imovedbackhome,despiteallthedisapproval.Ileftmygoodjob,myrelationship,andtheendlessopportunities.Somepeoplequestionedme,“Whydidyoumoveback?”ItwashardatfirsttoadmitthatIlikedbeinghome,andthat,actually,Ididn’tpreferNewYorkCity(assomanypeopledo).Butaftertime,itbecameeasierandlessofanissue.AndwhentheyaskedmewhyImovedbackhome,Iconfidentlysaid,“BecauseIwantedto.”Manypeoplewelcomedmebackintothecommunity.Thefirstfewmonthshomewerethemostrelaxingofmylife.EverydayIwakeuptobirdschirping,andsunlightcominginfromthewindow-notrafficsoundsorpeoplescreamingonthestreets.ItsoundslikeaDisneymovie,butit’ssotrue!Thereissomethingabouttheairhere-it’sclean.Itsmellsgood.IcanalsoseetheGrandMesa(thelargestflat-topmountainintheworld)frommybedroomwindow.Myworkcommute(通勤)isafour-minutecarride.Andonsummernights,myfavoritethingtodoiswatchthesunsetfrommyporchbecauseit’sthemostbeautifulthingIhaveeverseen.I’vebeenhomeforalmostthreeyearsnow,muchtothesurpriseofmyfriendsandfamily.Somefriendsevenmadebetsonhowlong“this”wouldlast.Sofar,I’mwinning.ButsinceI’vebeenhomemylifehasflourished.Irealizedthathome,forme,isaplacethatinspiresme.Becausebefore,inthecity,IfeltlikeIhadtocompetewitheveryonetogetahead.Manytimes,forgettingwhatIwas“fighting”for,Iwascloudedincompetitionandnotpassion.Ilosttouchwiththeotherpartsofmyself,neverquiterealizingthatthequietcountrylifeprovidedthattome.Bycominghome,Ifoundmyselfagain,thetrueme.Ididn’texpectacitytogivemeopportunitiesbecauseIcouldmakemyown.24．Whydoestheauthormention“aDisneymovie”inParagraph3?A．Tointroduceanewtopic. B．Toprovidemoredetails.C．Togiveavividdescription. D．Tosupportanargument.25．Howdidtheauthorwinthebetswithherfriends?A．Bystayinghomelongerthanexpected. B．Bygettingusedtocountrylifequickly.C．Bywiningcompetitionsatworkplace. D．Byleadingabetterlifethaninthecity.26．Whatisitthattheauthordislikesaboutcitylife?A．Badworkrelations. B．Fewjobopportunities.C．Longerworkcommute. D．Toomuchcompetition.27．Whatdoestheauthorrefertowiththeword“that”inParagraph4?A．Thegoalshewasfightingfor. B．Livingtobehertrueself.C．Thechanceofgettingaheadofothers. D．Amorecomfortablelife.【答案】24．C25．A26．D27．B【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者主動放棄了城市里繁華的生活，回到自己的家鄉(xiāng)，由此找回了一度迷失的自己，使自己的生活重燃激情。24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thefirstfewmonthshomewerethemostrelaxingofmylife.EverydayIwakeuptobirdschirping,andsunlightcominginfromthewindow-notrafficsoundsorpeoplescreamingonthestreets.(回家的最初幾個月是我一生中最放松的幾個月。每天我醒來時都聽到鳥兒嘰嘰喳喳，陽光從窗戶射進來，街上沒有交通聲，也沒有人尖叫。)”可知，作者提到迪士尼電影是為了使自己所描述的寧靜愜意的鄉(xiāng)村生活更加形象和生動。故選C項。25．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段開頭句中的“I’vebeenhomeforalmostthreeyearsnow,muchtothesurpriseofmyfriendsandfamily.Somefriendsevenmadebetsonhowlong‘this’wouldlast.Sofar,I’mwinning.(我在家已經(jīng)快三年了，這讓我的朋友和家人非常驚訝。一些朋友甚至打賭‘這’會持續(xù)多久。到目前為止，我贏了)”以及上下文可知，作者的朋友與她打賭的內(nèi)容是，朋友認為作者不可能在鄉(xiāng)下待很長時間（最終還會回到城市），不過，作者贏了。作者用自己的實際行動贏得了與朋友的打賭。故選A項。26．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容中的“Becausebefore,inthecity,IfeltlikeIhadtocompetewitheveryonetogetahead.Manytimes,forgettingwhatIwas‘fighting’for,Iwascloudedincompetitionandnotpassion.(因為以前，在城市里，我覺得我必須與所有人競爭才能獲得成功。很多時候，我忘記了自己在為什么‘奮斗’，被競爭而不是激情所籠罩。)”可知，作者對城市生活厭惡的原因是，過于激烈的競爭讓她完全失去了自我，失去了生活的熱情。故選D項。27．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ilosttouchwiththeotherpartsofmyself,neverquiterealizingthatthequietcountrylifeprovidedthattome.(我與自己的其它部分失去了聯(lián)系，從未完全意識到寧靜的鄉(xiāng)村生活為我提供了這一點。)”以及上文可知，作者在這里用that指代“過自己切實向往的生活”。故選B項。CPoweroftenboostsanemployee’screativitybecausebeingpowerfulliberatestheindividualfromrestrictions.However,newresearchshowsthatemployeeswhoarenotinpositionsofpowercanbecomemorecreativewhengiventimeto“warmup”toataskbyengaginginthecreativetaskmorethanonce.“Thisisimportantbecausewhenpeoplewithmorepowerareabletoexpresstheircreativeideasmorethanthosewithlesspower,whichleadstoarich-get-richerdynamicthatstrengthensthesepowerimbalances,”saidBrianLucas,assistantprofessorintheCornellUniversity.“Understandingwaystoboostthecreativityoflowerpowerworkerscanhelpthemfindtherightwaytodealwiththislow-powerdisadvantage,”Lucassaid.Lucasandhiscolleaguesconductedtwostudiestoreachtheirconclusion．Inthefirststudy,theydividedthecreativeideagenerationsessionintotworoundsconsistingofaone-minute“warmup”followedbyasecondroundinwhichtheparticipantscouldtakeaslongastheywanted．Participantswererandomlyassignedtoahigh-powerconditionoralow-powercondition,andfeelingsofpowerweregeneratedwitharolemanipulation(操縱)whereparticipantsweregivenaleadershiproleandcontroloverresources(highpower)oranemployeerolewithnocontroloverresources(lowpower).Thestudyfoundthathigh-powerindividualsweremorecreativethanlow-powerindividualsinthewarm-upround．Therewasnodifference,though,increativityinthesecondround.Inthesecondstudy,theresearchersgavethemadifferentcreativetaskandincreasedthenumberofroundsfromtwosessionstofive,takingaslongastheyliketocompletethetask.Similartothefirststudy,thestudyfoundthathigh-powerindividualsweremorecreativethanlow-powerindividualsinthefirstround．Butthecreativityoflow-powerindividualscaughtuptothecreativityofthehigh-powerindividualsafterthefirstround.“Thelow-powerwarm-upeffectsuggestsasimpleinterventionthatempowersallemployeestotaptheircreativepotentialandovercomespowerimbalancesintheworkplace:whenpursuingcreativework,letemployeeswarmupfirst,”Lucassaid.28．WhydoesLocusthinkitimportanttoboostthecreativityoflowerpowerworkers?A．Itmaintainspowerimbalances.B．Itmotivatestheirambitiontocatchup.C．Itcreatesacompetitiveworkenvironment.D．Itencouragesaworkplacewithmoreequality.29．HowdidLucasandhisco-authorsstimulatefeelingsofpowerintheparticipants?A．Throughacreativetaskwithtimelimits.B．Throughprovidingthemwithdifferentpositions.C．Throughacompetitionbetweenleadersandemployees.D．Throughassigningthemtodifferentconditionsintentionally.30．Howdidthesecondstudydifferfromthefirststudy?A．Ithadfewerrounds. B．Itinvolvedmoreparticipants.C．Participantshadachangedtask. D．Participants’creativitygapbecamewider.31．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Powertendstoencouragecreativeideas.B．Changingtasksboostsalltheemployees’creativity.C．Warm-uptimecorrectscreativitypowerimbalances.D．Low-powerindividualsoutperformthehigh-powerones.【答案】28．D29．B30．C31．C【導語】本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，給予熱身時間后，職位低的員工的創(chuàng)造力可以得到提升。28．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中““Understandingwaystoboostthecreativityoflowerpowerworkerscanhelpthemfindtherightwaytodealwiththislow-powerdisadvantage,”Lucassaid.(盧卡斯說：“了解如何提高低權力員工的創(chuàng)造力，可以幫助他們找到正確的方法來應對這種低權力的劣勢。”)”可知，了解如何促進職位較低員工的創(chuàng)造力，能夠幫助他們找到正確的方法來應對職位低的劣勢，讓他們產(chǎn)生更多創(chuàng)造性想法，從而促進工作場所更加公平公正。故選D。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Participantswererandomlyassignedtoahigh-powerconditionoralow-powercondition,andfeelingsofpowerweregeneratedwitharolemanipulation(操縱)whereparticipantsweregivenaleadershiproleandcontroloverresources(highpower)oranemployeerolewithnocontroloverresources(lowpower)(參與者被隨機分配到高權力情境或低權力情境，并通過角色操縱產(chǎn)生權力感，參與者被賦予領導角色和控制資源的角色(高權力)或沒有控制資源的員工角色(低權力)。)”可知，參與者的權力感是通過給予參與者不同的角色（leadership或employeerole）來產(chǎn)生的。故選B。30．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Inthesecondstudy,theresearchersgavethemadifferentcreativetaskandincreasedthenumberofroundsfromtwosessionstofive,takingaslongastheyliketocompletethetask(在第二項研究中，研究人員給了他們一項不同的創(chuàng)造性任務，并將回合數(shù)從兩回合增加到五回合，只要他們愿意，就可以完成任務。)”可知，第二項研究中，任務發(fā)生了改變。故選C。31．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“However,newresearchshowsthatemployeeswhoarenotinpositionsofpowercanbecomemorecreativewhengiventimeto“warmup”toataskbyengaginginthecreativetaskmorethanonce.(然而，新的研究表明，沒有權力的員工如果有時間通過多次參與創(chuàng)造性任務來“熱身”，他們會變得更有創(chuàng)造力。)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一般情況下，職位高的員工比職位低的員工更具有創(chuàng)造力，但是熱身環(huán)節(jié)可以激發(fā)職位低的員工的創(chuàng)造力，從而創(chuàng)造一個更加公平的工作環(huán)境,所以選擇項C“Warm-uptimecorrectscreativitypowerimbalances.(熱身能夠糾正創(chuàng)造能力的不均衡。)”作為文章標題最為合適。故選C。DInthelate1990s,twopsychologyresearchers,weretalkingabouthowthefemalescientistsintheirlabrespondeddifferentlytostressthanthemendid.Themenwoulddisappearintotheiroffices;thewomenwouldbringcookiestolabmeetingsandbondovercoffee.Forgetfight-or-flight,theyjoked.Thewomenweretendingandbefriending.Thejokestuckinthemindofoneofthewomen,researcherLauraCousinoKlein.Psychologyresearchhassuggestedthatstressleadstoaggression,butthatwasn’therexperience.Womenweremorelikelytowanttotalkwithsomeoneabouttheirstress,spendtimewiththeirlovedones,orchanneltheirstressintocaringforothers.Shewonderedifitwaspossiblethatsciencehadgottenstresswrong.Kleindugdeeperintothescience,andshemadethesurprisingdiscoverythat90percentofthepublishedresearchonstresswasconductedonmales.SoKleinstudiedthesocialsideofstress,especiallyinwomen.Lookingatbothanimalandhumanresearch,shefoundevidencethatstresscanincreasecaring,cooperation,andcompassion(同情).Whilethetend-and-befriendtheorybeganasaninvestigationintothefemaleresponsetostress,itquicklyexpandedtoincludemen.Intimesofstress,bothmenandwomenhavebeenshowntobecomemoretrusting,generous,andwillingtoprotectothers.Thetend-and-befriendtheorydoesn’tsaythatstressalwaysleadstocaring—stresscanindeedmakeusangryanddefensive.Itsimplysaysthatstresscanmakepeoplemorecaring.Andwhenwecareforothers,itactivatessystemsofourbrainthatproducefeelingsofhopeandcourage.IwrotemybookTheUpsideofStresswiththatpurposeinmind:tohelpyoudiscoveryourownstrengthandcompassion.Seeingtheupsideofstressisnotaboutdecidingwhetherstressiseithergoodorbad.It’sabouthowchoosingtoseethegoodinstresscanhelpyoumeetthechallengesinyourlife.Tendingandbefriendingisoneofthebestwaystodothis,andtotransformyourownstressintoacatalyst(催化劑)forcourageandconnection.32．WhatdoesthejokeinparagraphIshow?A．Malescientistsaresmarterthanfemalescientists.B．Femalescientistsarefriendlierthanmalescientists.C．Mentendtoseekatemporaryescapefrompressure.D．Womencareforeachotherwhentheyareunderstress.33．WhydidLaurakeepthejokeinhermind?A．Itdidn’tfitwithherlifeexperience.B．Ithadthesametopicashernewbook.C．Itwentagainstpreviouspsychologyresearch.D．Itindicatedtheinequalitiesbetweenwomenandmen.34．Whatdoweknowaboutthetend-and-befriendtheory?A．Itisapplicabletobothmenandwomen. B．Itsuggestsstressalwaysleadstocaring.C．Itprovesthefight-or-flightresponsewrong. D．Itshowsmenaremoredefensivethanwomen.35．Whatdoestheauthor’sbookaimtodo?A．Provideevidenceforherresearch.B．Explainthefight-or-flightresponse.C．Makesuggestionsonhowtorespondtostresspositively.D．Demonstratewomen’sandmen’sdifferentresponsestostress.【答案】32．D33．C34．A35．C【導語】本文是說明文。女性在面臨壓力時會互相關心，這種“照顧與友善”理論同樣適用于男性。32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Themenwoulddisappearintotheiroffices;thewomenwouldbringcookiestolabmeetingsandbondovercoffee.Forgetfight-or-flight,theyjoked.Thewomenweretendingandbefriending.(這些人會消失在他們的辦公室里。女人們會帶著餅干參加實驗室會議，并通過咖啡增進感情。她們開玩笑說，忘記戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑吧。婦女們在照顧和友善。)”可推知，第一段中的笑話說明了女性在面臨壓力時會互相關心。故選D。33．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thejokestuckinthemindofoneofthewomen,researcherLauraCousinoKlein.Psychologyresearchhassuggestedthatstressleadstoaggression,butthatwasn’therexperience..(這個笑話深深地印在了其中一位女性研究員勞拉·庫西諾·克萊因(LauraCousinoKlein)的腦海中。心理學研究表明壓力會導致攻擊性，但她的經(jīng)歷并非如此。)”可知，勞拉把這個笑話記在了心里是因為它與之前的心理學研究很不同，它違背了之前的心理學研究。故選C。34．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Whilethetend-and-befriendtheorybeganasaninvestigationintothefemaleresponsetostress,itquicklyexpandedtoincludemen.Intimesofstress,bothmenandwomenhavebeenshowntobecomemoretrusting,generous,andwillingtoprotectothers.(雖然“照顧與交友”理論最初是為了研究女性對壓力的反應，但它很快就擴展到包括男性。在壓力時期，男性和女性都會變得更加信任、慷慨并愿意保護他人。)”可知，“照顧與友善”理論適用于男性和女性。故選A。35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“IwrotemybookTheUpsideofStresswiththatpurposeinmind:tohelpyoudiscoveryourownstrengthandcompassion.Seeingtheupsideofstressisnotaboutdecidingwhetherstressiseithergoodorbad.It’sabouthowchoosingtoseethegoodinstresscanhelpyoumeetthechallengesinyourlife.Tendingandbefriendingisoneofthebestwaystodothis,andtotransformyourownstressintoacatalyst( 催化劑 )forcourageandconnection.(我寫《壓力的好處》一書就是為了這個目的：幫助你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的力量和同情心?？吹綁毫Φ暮锰幉⒉皇且獩Q定壓力是好還是壞。這是關于如何選擇在壓力中看到好處可以幫助您應對生活中的挑戰(zhàn)。照顧和交友是最好的方法之一，并將你自己的壓力轉(zhuǎn)化為勇氣和聯(lián)系的催化劑。)”可推知，作者寫這本書的目的是就如何積極應對壓力提出建議。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Flashfloodscanstrikewithoutwarning.Theycanhitwhenyou’rehikinginarivervalley,walkingthroughacanyon,orevensimplydrivingtoaremotedestination.Youcanminimizeyourriskbyknowinghowtopreparefortheworstandhowtoescapewhenafloodbegins.36Beforeheadingout,checktheweatherreport,lookatanyfloodwarningsandtakethemseriously.37DrStevenKugath,anoutdoorrecreationprofessor,notesthatwhenpeopleplantotravelalongwayforahikeorcanyonexploration,theyoftenfeelthattheymustfollowthroughwiththeactivityeveniftheweatherisn’tpromising.Thesmartthingtodoiscanceltheactivityormoveittoasaferlocation.Becarefulofanyvisualsignsofdangerandyoursurroundingswhilewalkingorhikinginatightspace.38Besides,alwaysknowwhereyouareandwherethenearestescaperoutescanbefoundintheeventofsuddenflooding.Whatif,despiteyourpreparations,youfindyourselfstuckinadangerousplacewhenfloodingbegins?Movetohighergroundimmediately,awayfromriversandstreams.Ifthesituationisurgent,leavebehindyourpossessions.39Ifyoufindyourselfbeingcarriedawaybypowerfulfloodwaters,fightashardasyoucantogettoatalltree,astreetlightoranythingsturdy(結(jié)實)thatyoucanholdontountilhelparrives.40Currentscanbedeceptive(誤導的),andshallow,fastmovingwatercanknockyouoffyourfeet.Moreover,don’tswimthroughfast-flowingwater—youmaygetsweptawayorstruckbyanobjectinthewater.A．Avoidwalkingthroughmovingwater.B．Nobagorequipmentisworthyourlife.C．Ittakeshoursforthefloodwaterstomoveaway.D．Hundredsofpeopledieduetodrowninginsidetheirvehicles.E．Becarefulnottoletyourexcitementdriveyoutotakeanychances.F．Keepthesetipsinmindthenexttimeyouheadoutforanoutdooradventure.G．Thesuddenarrivalofdarkcloudsduringaperfectlysunnydayisoneobvioussign.【答案】36．F37．E38．G39．B40．A【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章就出門進行戶外探險時怎樣降低風險，逃避洪水給出一些建議。36．上文“Flashfloodscanstrikewithoutwarning.Theycanhitwhenyou’rehikinginarivervalley,walkingthroughacanyon,orevensimplydrivingtoaremotedestination.Youcanminimizeyourriskbyknowinghowtopreparefortheworstandhowtoescapewhenafloodbegins.(山洪暴發(fā)可以毫無預警地來襲。當你在河谷徒步旅行，穿過峽谷，甚至只是開車去一個偏遠的目的地時，它們都會襲來。你可以通過知道如何做最壞的準備以及如何在洪水開始時逃生來降低風險。)”說明旅行中遇到洪水暴發(fā)是危險的，需要早做準備降低風險，選項F“下次你出門進行戶外探險時，請記住這些建議?！背薪由衔?，引出文章主題，給出一些戶外探險降低風險的建議。故選F項。37．上文“Beforeheadingout,checktheweatherreport,lookatanyfloodwarningsandtakethemseriously.(出發(fā)前，查看天氣預報，查看洪水預警，并認真對待。)”建議出發(fā)前要查看