高考英語總復(fù)習每日拔高練 第3練

高考英語總復(fù)習每日拔高練第3練1.Whenlearningaforeignlanguage,mostpeoplefallbackontraditionalmethods:reading,writing,listeningandrepeating.Butifyoualsogesturewithyourarmswhilestudying,youcanrememberthevocabularybetter,evenmonthslater.Linkingawordtobrainareasresponsibleformovementstrengthensthememoryofitsmeaning.AsneuroscientistBrianMathiasandhiscolleaguesdescribeintheJournalofNeuroscience,theyhad22German-speakingadultslearnatotalof90inventedartificialwords(suchas"lamube"for"camera"and"atesi"for"thought")overfourdays.Whilethetestsubjectsfirstheardthenewvocabulary,theyweresimultaneously(同時地)shownavideoofapersonmakingagesturethatmatchedthemeaningoftheword.Whenthewordwasrepeated,theyweresupposedtoperformthegesturethemselves.Fivemonthslater,theywereaskedtotranslatethevocabularytheyhadlearnedintoGermaninamultiple-choicetest.Atthesametime,theyhadadeviceattachedtotheirheadsthatsentweakpulsestotheirprimarymotorcortex(皮層)-thebrainareathatcontrolsvoluntaryarmmovements.Whentheseinterfering(干擾)signalswereactive,thesubjectsfoundithardertorecallthewordsaccompaniedbygestures.Whenthedevicesentnointerferingsignals(butstillappearedtothesubjectstobeactive),theyfounditeasiertorememberthewords.Theresearchersconcludedthatthemotorcortexcontributedtothetranslationofthevocabularylearnedwithgestures.Thisappliedtoconcretewords,suchas"camera",aswellasabstractones,suchas"thought"."Ourresultsprovideevidenceforwhylearningtechniquesthatinvolvethebody'smotorsystemshouldbeusedmoreoften,"saysMathias."Ithinkweunderusegestureinourclassrooms.Peopleuseitspontaneously(自發(fā)地),ifthey'regoodteachersandgoodlisteners.Butwedon'tnecessarilybringitintotheclassifwedon'tthinkaboutit."1.Whatwerethesubjectsrequiredtodointhetest?A.Repeatwhatothersubjectsdescribe.B.Followwhatthepersoninthevideodid.C.Matchthevocabularywithrelativepictures.D.Translatethevocabularyintoaforeignlanguage.2.Whywerepulsessenttothesubjects'motorcortex?A.Tocontroltheirbodymovements.B.Toshelterotherinterferingsignals.C.Toidentifythefunctionofthemotorcortex.D.Toconfirmtheabstractthoughtsintheirmind.3.WhatisBrianMathias'sexpectationoftheresearch?A.Itwillbecarriedoutmorefrequently. B.Itwillinvolvemoreconcreteobjects.C.Itwillbeappliedtoclassroomteaching.D.Itwillmotivatehiscolleaguestoparticipate.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GoodLearningTechniquesMatterMore B.RepeatingStrengthensMemoryC.BodyLanguageBettersCommunication D.GesturesHelpLearnNewWords2.Manyplasticproductsweuseeverydayarenotabletoberecycled.Americansalonethrowaway42milliontonsofsingle-useplasticseachyear,andonly9percentofthatwastecanbeturnedintosomethingelse.Therestendsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋場),orworse,theocean.ByFusion,foundedin2017inLosAngeles,California,hasworkedoutawaytoputallthatplasticwastetogooduse.ItusesmachinescalledBlockerstoshapeallkindsofplastics,evennon-recyclables,intostandardbuildingblockscalledByBlocksthatcanbeusedtobuildanything.Now,ByFusionhasbuiltapavilion(亭子)foraschoolwithblocksmadefromlocallycollectedplastics."Plasticwasnotinventedtobethrownaway,"thecompanystatesontheirwebsite."Plasticisstrong,flexible,andbuilttolast.Thisiswhyplasticisn'ttheproblem.Theproblemisthatwedon'thaveagoodplanforitsfuture,sonowitispackedintolandfills,burnedattheedgesoftownssendingpoisonoussmokeintotheair,andtherearecontinentsofitfloatingatseakillingpreciouswildlife."ByBlocksrequirenogluesandare10poundslighterthantraditionalblocks,makingconstructionworkquickerandeasier,whichmeansnospeciallaborisneeded.Theywon'tbreakintopieceslikeconcreteblockswould.Theyalsocreatezerowastetomake—1tonofplasticequalsItonofByBlocks.Afteryearsofexperimentsthatcostmuch,thecompanyhasinstalled(安裝)afullproductionunitinL.A.,whereitcanprocess450tonsofplasticperyear,andthereare12moreBlockersarrivinginU.S.citiessoon.Thecompanyhassetagoaltorecycle100milliontonsofplasticwasteby2030,anditthinksthenumberiswithinreach."Ifwegetupto9,000Blockersystemsinstalledaroundtheworldby2025,we'llmakeit,"saidfounderHeidiKujawa.1.WhywasByFusionsetup?A.Tobuildnature-friendlylandfills. B.Toproducerecyclableplastics.C.Tomakegreenbuildingmaterials. D.Torecyclevariousbuildingwaste2.WhatisByFusion'sviewaboutplastic?A.Usedplasticisn'ttakenseriously. B.Itisn'tgoodforhumanbeings.C.Toomuchplastichasbeenmade. D.Thedemandforitisincreasing.3.WhatdoweknowabouttheactualuseofByBlocks?A.Itneedspromoting. B.It'scost-effective.C.It'stime-consuming. D.Itasksforstrictsteps.4.WhatcanmakeByFusionhitits100-million-tongoal?A.ItsByBlocksarerecognized. B.ItsexpensesareguaranteedC.Itstechniquesdevelopfast. D.Itsequipmentisusedwidely.3.Westernmonarchbutterflies(WMBs,西部帝王蝶)flythousandsofmileseveryyear,flyingnorthinspringandsummer,andsouthinfall.Now,scientistswantpeopleinthewesternUStogivethemahandbysendinginanypicturesofmonarchstheytakethisspring.WMBs,likemostbutterflies,helpplantscreateseeds,whichcanthencreatemoreplantsbyspreadingadustcalledpollenbetweenplants.Inturn,monarchsdependonplants.Theygathersweetnectar(花蜜)fromflowersforfood.Theyrestandspendtheirwintersintrees.Andtheydependcompletelyonaplantcalledmilkweedtolaytheireggs.Theirnumberhasbeendroppingsharplysincethe1980s,when3millionto10millionbutterfliesmigrated(遷徙)annuallyfromthenorthwesternUnitedStatestospendthewinterathundredsofsitesalongtheCaliforniacoast.In2020,lessthan2,000monarchswerecountedintheentirestate.Butin2021,thatnumberjumpedto247,237.Scientistsstilldon'tfullyunderstandthisphenomenon.Butthey'restudyingit,sayingit'lltakeyearsoftrackingthemtoworkitout.ScientistshavelearnedalotaboutwhereWesternmonarchsspendthewinters.Buttheyknowmuchlessaboutwheretheygowhentheyleavetheirwinterhomes.That'swhyscientistsfromseveraluniversitiesareorganizingaprojectcalled"WesternMonarchMysteryChallenge"toseekforpracticalassistancefrom"citizenscientists"intheAmericanwest.They'reaskinganyonewhoseesamonarchbutterflyoutsideoftheirwinterhomesthisspringtotakeapictureandsendittothem.Bycollectingthepictures,alongwiththedateandplacewherethepicturesweretaken,scientistshopetolearnmoreaboutwhathappenstothebutterfliesandwheretheyareaftertheyleavetheirwinterhomesandprotectthembetterinthefuture.Lastyear'sincreaseinmonarchnumberisgreatnews.Butthenumberofmonarchsisstillwaybelowthemillionsofbutterfliesthatmigratedinthe1980s.1.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkaboutconcerningWMBs?A.Thelinksbetweenthemandplants. B.Theirvitalimportancetoplants.C.Theeffectsofplantsonthem. D.Theircontributionstonature.2.WhatbestdescribesscientistswhentheyknewaboutWMBs'populationjump?A.Worried. B.Doubtful. C.Puzzled. D.Tolerant.3.WhatdoscientistsintendtoknowaboutWMBsbytheproject?A.Whattheirrealshapeslooklike. B.Whytheirnumberincreases.C.Howtheyleavewinterhomes. D.Wheretheyliveinspring.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WMBsAreBeingProtected B.HelpIsNeededtoHelpWMBsC.WMBsAreStillinDanger D.HumansWelcomesWMBsBack

答案以及解析1.答案：1-4BCCD解析：1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Whilethetestsubjectsfirstheardthenewvocabulary,theyweresimultaneously(同時地)shownavideoofapersonmakingagesturethatmatchedthemeaningoftheword.Whenthewordwasrepeated,theyweresupposedtoperformthegesturethemselves.(當測試對象第一次聽到新詞匯時，他們同時看到了一段視頻，視頻中有人做了一個與單詞意思相匹配的手勢。當這個詞被重復(fù)時，他們應(yīng)該自己做這個手勢。)可知，測試對象被要求重復(fù)視頻里的人所做的事。故選B。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Theresearchersconcludedthatthemotorcortexcontributedtothetranslationofthevocabularylearnedwithgestures.(研究人員得出結(jié)論，運動皮層有助于翻譯通過手勢學習的詞匯。)可知，發(fā)送脈沖是為了確認運動皮層的功能。故選C。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Ithinkweunderusegestureinourclassrooms.(我認為我們在課堂上沒有充分利用手勢。)可知，BrianMathias認為這一研究可以用于課堂教學。故選C。

4.標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段Butifyoualsogesturewithyourarmswhilestudying,youcanrememberthevocabularybetter,evenmonthslater.Linkingawordtobrainareasresponsibleformovementstrengthensthememoryofitsmeaning.(但如果你在學習的時候也用手臂做手勢，即使幾個月后，你也能更好地記住詞匯。將一個單詞與大腦負責運動的區(qū)域聯(lián)系起來，可以加強對其含義的記憶。)可知，文章主要介紹了當學習一門外語時，大多數(shù)都采取了傳統(tǒng)的方法：讀、寫、聽和重復(fù)。但是如果你在學習的同時加上手勢動作，可以幫助你更好地記住詞匯。所以D.GesturesHelpLearnNewWords(手勢有助于學習新單詞)作為文章標題最為合適。故選D。2.答案：1-4CABD解析：1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段"ByFusion,foundedin2017inLosAngeles,California,hasworkedoutawaytoputallthatplasticwastetogooduse.ItusesmachinescalledBlockerstoshapeallkindsofplastics,evennon-recyclables,intostandardbuildingblockscalledByBlocksthatcanbeusedtobuildanything.(2017年在加州洛杉磯成立的ByFusion公司已經(jīng)找到了一種有效利用所有塑料垃圾的方法。該公司使用一種叫做Blockers的機器來將各種塑料，甚至是不可回收的材料塑成標準的建筑積木ByBlocks，這種積木可以用來建造任何東西)"可知，成立ByFusion是為了制造綠色建筑材料。故選C。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段"'Plasticwasnotinventedtobethrownaway.'thecompanystatesontheirwebsite.'Plasticisstrong,flexible,andbuilttolast.Thisiswhyplasticisn'ttheproblem.Theproblemisthatwedon'thaveagoodplanforitsfuture,sonowitispackedintolandfills,burnedattheedgesoftownssendingpoisonoussmokeintotheair,andtherearecontinentsofitfloatingatseakillingpreciouswildlife.'('發(fā)明塑料不是為了扔掉的，'該公司在其網(wǎng)站上表示。'塑料結(jié)實、柔韌、經(jīng)久耐用。這就是為什么塑料不是問題所在。問題是我們對它的未來沒有一個好的計劃，所以現(xiàn)在它被填埋，在城鎮(zhèn)的邊緣被焚燒，向空氣中釋放有毒的煙霧，還有一些大陸漂浮在海上，殺害珍貴的野生動物。')"可推斷，ByFusion對塑料的看法是用過的塑料沒有被認真對待。故選A。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段"ByBlocksrequirenogluesandare10poundslighterthantraditionalblocks,makingconstructionworkquickerandeasier,whichmeansnospeciallaborisneeded.Theywon'tbreakintopieceslikeconcreteblockswould.Theyalsocreatezerowastetomake—1tonofplasticequalsItonofByBlocks.(ByBlocks不需要膠水，比傳統(tǒng)磚塊輕10磅，使施工工作更快更容易，這意味著不需要特殊的勞動力。它們不會像混凝土塊那樣碎成碎片。它們也不會產(chǎn)生任何浪費—1噸塑料等于1噸ByBlocks)"可推斷，ByBlocks的實際使用是劃算的。故選B。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"'Ifwegetupto9,000Blockersystemsinstalledaroundtheworldby2025,we'llmakeit,'saidfounderHeidiKujawa.('如果到2025年，我們能在世界各地安裝9000個Blocker系統(tǒng)，我們就能做到，'創(chuàng)始人HeidiKujawa說)"可知，讓ByFusion達到1億噸的目標是讓它的設(shè)備被廣泛使用。故選D。3.答案：1-4ACDB解析：1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的"WMBs,likemostbutterflies,helpplantscreateseeds,whichcanthencreatemoreplantsbyspreadingadustcalledpollenbetweenplants.Inturn,monarchsdependonplants.Theygathersweetnectar(花蜜)fromflowersforfood.Theyrestandspendtheirwintersintrees.Andtheydependcompletelyonaplantcalledmilkweedtolaytheireggs.(西部帝王蝶，像大多數(shù)蝴蝶一樣，幫助植物創(chuàng)造種子，然后通過在植物之間傳播一種叫做花粉的灰塵來創(chuàng)造更多的植物。反過來，帝王蝶依賴于植物。它們從花中采集甘露作為食物。它們在樹上休息和過冬。它們完全依賴一種叫做馬利筋的植物來產(chǎn)卵。)"可知，第二段主要講的是西部帝王蝶和植物之間的聯(lián)系。故選A。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的"Butin2021,thatnu