介詞定語從句

學習必備歡迎下載學習必備歡迎下載學習必備歡迎下載定語從句(三)Ⅰ.關系副詞when,where,why引導的定語從句

關系副詞在定語從句中只能充當狀語。當修飾一個表示時間的名詞時，常用關系副詞when在定語從句中充當時間狀語；當修飾一個表示地點的名詞時，常用關系副詞where在定語從句中充當地點狀語；當修飾表示原因的名詞時，常用關系副詞why,在定語從句中充當原因狀語。

關系副詞在句中一般不能省略。1．IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.2．I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.

1.

Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.2.

Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.

1.

Thereasonwhyshedidn’tgetthejobwasthatherEnglishwasnotverygood.2.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthatheoverslept.

Exercises:

用關系副詞when,where,why填空：1.Doyoustillremembertheplace__________youwereborn?2.Idon’trememberthedate__________myfatherwasborn.3.Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse__________thegreatwriterusedtolive.4.Doyouknowthereason____________hekilledhimself?5.Hewasbornintheyear_____________theSecondWorldWarbrokeout.6.Iwillneverforgettheday__________Iwenttomeetyouattheairport.7.Healwayswantedtogotohishometownandvisitedtheplace_______hegrewup.8.Kunmingisabeautifulcity_________flowersareseenalltheyeararound.9.Thechildrentodayareluckyastheyarelivinginatime_______ourcountryisopentotheoutsideworld.10.Pleasetellmethereason___________heisangry.11.Thiskindofprogramwillbewellreceivedinthecountries________manyChineseareliving.12.Theoldblackmanneverforgottheday_________hewassold.

漢譯英：1.我已經找到了我朋友居住的那間房子了。2.你記得你媽媽出生的日期嗎？3.請告訴我你買到那塊手表的地方。4.這就是我不喜歡他的原因。5.你能否向我解釋一下你遲到的原因？6.這就是他向我解釋的理由。

Ⅱ.區(qū)別：

思考:先行詞同樣是表示地點的，為何有時候用關系代詞，有時候用關系副詞?先行詞同樣是表示時間的，為何有時候用關系代詞，有時候用關系副詞?

關系詞的選擇關鍵是：由關系詞在從句中所充當的成分決定

若先行詞在從句中作主、賓、表則用關系代詞；若在從句中作狀語則用關系副詞。1．Ihavefoundtheplacethathevisitedlastweek.2．Ihavefoundtheplacewherehestayedlastweek.

1.

Thehousethatheboughtisverybig.2.

Thehousewherehelivedisverybig.

1.

ThedatethatI’llalwaysrememberisNov.22,1966.2.

ThedatewhenIwasbornisNov.22,1966.

1.

ThedaysthatIspentwithyouareunforgettable.2.

ThedayswhenIstayedinAmericaareunforgettable.

1.

Thereasonthatheexplainedtomeisthathegotuplate.2.

Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthathegotuplate.

Ⅲ.as引導的定語從句1．as用作關系代詞和關系副詞引導限制性定語從句，并在從句中作定語，表語或狀語，常和thesame,such,so,as等連用。①

Ilikethesamebookasyoudo.(as作賓語)②

Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.(as作狀語)③

Iwanttohavesuchadictionaryashehas.(as作賓語)注意點：thesame…as(指不同的人或物)

thesame…that(指同一個人或物)比較:①ThisisthesamebookasIlentyouyesterday.(是2本書)

②ThisisthesamebookthatIlentyouyesterday.(是同一本書)2.as引導非限制性定語從句。as在定語從句中作主語，表語和賓語，只能指代主句整個概念，不能指代單個先行詞，它可以放在句首(中，尾)。①

Asweallknow,hestudiesveryhard.(as作賓語)②

Asisknowntoall,heisthebeststudentinourclass.(as作主語)常用于beknown/expected/announced/reported/shown等結構中

Exercises:用恰當的關系詞填空：1.

Thefirstlesson_____theoldprofessortaughtwasnoteasilyforgotten.2.

Thatisthemostwonderfulbike______Ihaveeverseen.3.

Ishetheboy_______leftarmgothurt?4.

Thereport______theyarelisteningtoisveryimportant.5.

Doyouknowthereason_____hedidn’tcometoschoollastweek?6.

Didyouunderstandthelastreport_____wasmadebytheforeigner?7.

Areyougoingtovisitthetemple8.

Hetoldmeeverything______hehadseenintheaccident.9.

Thecampwasfullofpeople______homeshadbeendestroyed.10.Tomisthestudentwith_____Iwanttohaveatalk.11.Doyourememberthevillage_________weworkedlastsummer?12.Doyourememberthevillage______wevisitedlastsummer?13.Doyourememberthedays______wespenttogetherlastsummer?14.★Wouldyoupleaselendmethesamebook_______hehasborrowed?15.★Idon’tlikesuchkindofmusic_____Iheardjustnow.16.★Wehopetogetsuchatool________heisusing.17.★Mr.Whitetoldhiswifethepersonsandthings____hesawinChina.18.★Whoisthegirl_____shookhandswithourheadmaster?

Ⅳ.由介詞﹢which或whom構成的定語從句

關系副詞when,where,why引導的定語從句時往往用介詞﹢which的形式替換:關系代詞whose﹢n.引導定語從句時＝the﹢n.ofwhich(先行詞為物)/the﹢n.ofwhom(先行詞為人)①

Thisisthehousewhere/inwhichIwasborn.②

Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen/inwhichIfirstcametoChina.③

Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichshefailedintheexam.④

Whereisthetablewhoseleg/thelegofwhichisbroken?注意:1.介詞﹢which/whom構成的定語從句中，which/whom不可?、?/p>

ThedayonwhichIfirstmethimwasFeb.6,1989.②

Thepencilwithwhichhewaswritingbroke.③

ThepersontowhomIspokejustnowisourheadmaster.

2.Whom,which作介詞賓語時，介詞一般可放在which之前，也可放在從句原來的位置上，在含有介詞的動詞固定詞組中，介詞只能放在原來的位置上

Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.

3.當先行詞是theway并在后面的從句中作方式狀語時，關系詞用inwhich/that/省略that

①Idon’tlikethewayinwhich/that/(/)hespeaks.

②That’sthewayinwhich/that

/（/)Iworkedoutthemathsproblem.

Ⅴ.關系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句中的主謂一致關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞在人稱和數上應與先行詞一致。①

Whoistheguythatisreadingoverthere?②

Thenumberofpeoplethataregoingtotheexhibitionisexpectedtobeover25,000.③

Allthatneedstobedonehasbeendone.④

Heisoneofthestudentswhousecomputeralotforstudy.⑤

Timmyistheonlyoneofthepupilsthathasfailedtheexam.例③中的all意為“一切”，作單數。例⑤中沒通過考試的學生事實上只有一人，因此謂語動詞也用單數。

Exercises:

選擇題

1．Istillremembertheday_____shefirstworethatpinkdress.

A.which

B.inwhich

C.onthat

D.onwhich

2.I’llshowyouastore______youmaybuyall______youneed.

A.inwhich,thatB.where,which

C.which,that

D.that,that

3.I’llneverforgettheday________IjoinedtheParty.

A.onwhich

B.inwhich

C.which

D.atwhich

4.Willyoupleaseshowmethegirl______nameisLinda?

A.who

B.whom

C.whose

D.which

5.It’soneofthemostimportantmeetings______thisyear.

A.thathasbeenheld

B.whichhasbeenheld

C.thathavebeenheld

D.whichhaveheld

6.Hewantedtoknowthereason_______Iwaslate.

A.as

B.for

C.why

D.because

7.July7,1937istheday___weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.

A.which

B.when

C.onwhich

D.aboutwhich

8.Don’treadsuchbooks______youdon’tunderstand.

A.which

B.that

C.as

D./

用介詞﹢關系代詞填空：1．Thisisthehouse__________________MaoZedongwasborn.2．Sheisthegirl____________________youlentyourbike.3．Thisisthepen__________________Iwrotetheletter.4．Welovethevillage___________________weworkedfor2years.5．Thosearethebooks___________________weweretalkingjustnow.6．Canyoulendmeachair____________________Icansit?7．Thebus_________________Ioftengotoschoolhasn’tcomeyet.8．Heisjustthestudent_____________youwanttomakefriends.9．Thelibrary____________Iborrowedamagazineisnotverybig.10.Thetrain________________shewastravelingwaslate.11．Thereisnodictionary______________youcanfindeverything.12．Therewasnobody____________Icouldturnforhelpinthestreetatsuchalatehour.13．★Thehousewhosewindowfacessouthismine.

＝Thehousethewindow________________facessouthismine.14.★Doyouknowthegirlwhoseparentsaredoctors?

＝Doyouknowthegirltheparents______________aredoctors?15.★Hehasalotofbooks,many_______arewritteninEnglish.16.Theoldmanhasthreesons,one________(其中一個)isadoctor.17.Theoldladyhastwodaughters,_______________(兩個都)aredevotedtoher.18.★Mr.Whitehasfoursons,butnone________aredevotedtohim.19.Chinahasalotofislands,thelargest__________（最大的）isTaiwanisland.

綜合練習：

改錯題:1.Theplacewherewevisitedlastmonthisfamous.2.

ThefirstgiftwhichIreceivedwasfrommybrother.3.

TheonlybookwhichIboughtinthebookstoreisWhoMovesMyCheese.4.

DoyoulikethebikeIboughtityesterday?5.

Aplaneisamachinecanflyinthesky.6.

Heisoneofthestudentswhowaspraisedbytheteacher.7.

Whichistheair-conditionerwhichyouhavejustbought?8.

Thatisthegirlwho’sfatherisanengineer.9.

Thereasonwhichshewaslateisthatshemissedthefirstbus.

選擇題1.I’llneverforgetthedaywe______together.

A.lived

B.spent

C.played

D.studied2.Thisisthemuseumin_____thereisacampexhibitionnow.

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.where3.Canyouseethebuilding______windowswereallbroken?

A.which

B.whose

C.aboutwhich

D.that4.Thesubject____IaminterestedmostisEnglish.

A.inthat

B.inwhich

C.which

D.that5.Thisisthelongesttrain________Ihaveeverseen.

A.which

B.that

C.what

D.whom6.Thegirl____hair

isblackcomesfromChina.

A.who

B.whose

C.whom

D.that

7.February27,1990wasthedate____mydaughterwasborn.

A.that

B.when

C.onwhich

D.BandC8.Don’treadsuchbooks____youcan’tunderstand.

A.as

B.that

C.what

D.so9.Thisisthesamebook_____youboughtyesterday.

A.as

B.that

C.what

D.so10.Isthattheplace____youstayedlastyear?

A.that

B.which

C.where

D.who11.Isthattheplace_____youwanttovisittomorrow?

A.that

B.inwhich

C.where

D.onwhich12.Isthatplace______youwanttovisittomorrow?

A.that

B.theone

C.theonewhereD.inwhich13.Isthatplace_____youwanttoworkaftergraduation?

A.that

B.theone

C.theonewhereD.inwhich

定語從句（一）Ⅰ.基本概念1．什么叫定語從句？在復合句中修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句，它的作用相當于形容詞。①

Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.②

AcouchpotatoisapersonwhospendslotsoftimewatchingTV.③

Azooisaplacewhereyoucanseeallkindsofanimals.④

Afatcatisamanwhoisveryrichinabigcity.⑤

Idon’tbelievethenewswhichhetoldme.⑥

---Whydidn’tyouanswermyphonelastnight?

---Oh,thatwasthetimewhenIwastakingabath.⑦

Thereasonwhyhewaslateforclasswasthatheoverslept.⑧

I’dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.2.什么叫先行詞？被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。3.什么叫關系詞？它們的分類？它們的功能是什么？連接先行詞和定語從句的詞叫關系詞。關系詞分關系代詞和關系副詞。關系詞有三大功能：①指代先行詞

②引導定語從句

③在定語從句中充當某一成分

先行詞若在從句中充當主語，賓語或表語，則用關系代詞引導；若在從句中充當狀語，則用關系副詞引導。4.定語從句的位置往往直接位于先行詞的后面。有時先行詞和定語從句間有某些成分，這是由于句子結構的需要5．引導定語從句的關系詞分為兩類①關系代詞：that，which,whose(指代物)；who,whomwhose(指代人)

as/which(引導非限制性定語從句)②關系副詞：when,where,whyⅡ.關系代詞：A.找出下列復合句中的主句，定語從句，先行詞，關系代詞，關系代詞指代什么?在定語從句中充當什么成分？并譯成中文。①

Thefilmwhichwesawlastnightwaswonderful.②

Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.③

Thegirlwhowonthefirstprizeismysister.④

Thepersonwhomtheywantedtovisitisamillionaire.⑤

Thebookthatheboughtlastweekisveryinteresting.⑥

Yesterdaywewenttotheschoolthatyouvisitedlastmonth.⑦

Iknowaladywhosehusbandisawriter.⑧

Thedictionarywhosecoverisredismine.注意點：各個關系代詞的用法

關系詞指代人，物在定語從句中充當的成分that人，物主，賓，表which物主，賓who人主，賓，表whom人賓，表whose人，物定（……的）as人，物主，賓，表

★

如果關系代詞在定語從句中充當賓語或表語，可以省略

B．用關系代詞who,whom,that,which,whose填空

①Theearthquake__________shookthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.

②Thehouse________isbuiltonsandmayfalldowninanearthquake.

③Aclockisamachine__________tellspeoplethetime.

④Luckily,noneofthepeople__________Iknowwerekilled.

⑤Theboy_________fatherisateacherisveryclever.

⑥That’sthechild_________drawingwelookedatjustnow.

⑦Sheisnotthesamelady___________wemetintheclothesshopyesterday.

⑧Doyoubelievesuchstories__________ourteachertoldusjustnow?

C．選擇題

①Wevisitedthefactory__________makestoysforchildren.

A.where

B.which

C.inwhich

D.atwhich

②I’llneverforgettheplace______Ivisitedtenyearsago.

A.where

B.that

C.inwhich

D.what

③Thefilm________lastnightwaswonderful.(多選)

A.whichwesaw

B.thatwesaw

C.whichwasshown

D.thatwasshown

④Thegirl_______youmetjustnowisveryinteresting.(多選)

A.which

B.that

C.whom

D.who

⑤Thereisamountain____topisalwayscoveredwithsnow.

A.ofthat

B.whose

C.it’s

D.that

⑥Thecarranoveradogandaboy___werejustcrossingthestreet.

A.who

B.whom

C.that

D.which

⑦Thestudent________isathree-goodstudent.(多選)

A.whoseparentsdied

B.whoyoumet

C.whomyoumet

D.whoweweretalkingabout

⑧Iwanttoseeandthankthewoman_____helpedme.(多選)

A.who

B.that

C.which

D.whosesonD.

把兩個簡單句合并成一個定語從句eg.Doyoulikethebike?Myunclegaveittome.

Doyoulikethebikewhichmyunclegaveittome?

(×)

Doyoulikethebikewhichmyunclegavetome?(√)注意：兩個簡單句合并為定語從句時，先行詞不可重復出現①

Thegirlisnothere.Sheisgoingtosingasong.②

Themanisrich.Heisworkinginthefactory.③

Theschoolisabigone.Theschoolstandsneartheriver.④

Haveyouansweredtheletter?Yougotthelettertwoweeksago.⑤

Theboystudentisveryyoung.Hewonthegame.⑥

He’llmeethisdaughter.Hehasn’tseenherforyears.⑦

Myuncleboughtthebikelastweek.Thebikehasbeenstolen.⑧

Howistheman?Yousawhimyesterdayafternoon.⑨

Don’tbuyanyofthevegetables.Theyselltheminthemarket.⑩Thepenisveryold.Ilentittoyouthismorning.?

Thehouseisveryold.Itswindowsfacesouth.?

Thegirlworksveryhard.Herfatherisadoctor.E.Translation

①你們想見的那個學生已經來了。

②這是一本人人感興趣的書。

③鳥是一種能飛的動物。

④我上周買的那支鋼筆很便宜。

⑤封面是紅色的那本字典是我的。

⑥她就是上次英語演講比賽中獲一等獎的那個女孩。

定語從句（二）定語從句中關系代詞使用的注意點：●

that指物時，一般都可以和which互換使用。但在下列情況下，只用關系代詞that1.

當先行詞是不定代詞，如something,anything,everything,nothing,little,few,much,all,theone,后面的關系代詞只能用that.①

Ihavenevertakenanythingthatishers.②

ItoldhimallthatIknow.③

Hegavehereverythingthathehad.④

IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?⑤

Thereisnotmuchthatcanbedone.2.先行詞被every,any,no,all,just,theonly,thevery等修飾時只能用that.①Ihavereadallthebooksthatyougaveme.②Youcantakeanybookthatyoulike.③Everydictionarythatourlibraryboughtisgood.④

Thisistheverybook(that)Iwanttobuy.⑤RoseistheonlyflowerthatIlike.3.先行詞被序數詞或形容詞的最高級修飾時只能用that.①

ThisisthefunnieststorythatIhaveeverheard.②

Thefirstclassthathegavewasveryinteresting.③

ThefirstplacethatIwanttovisitisTianAnMenSquare.4.先行詞既有人又有物時，只能用that.

Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.5.

當主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時，只能用that,以避免重復。①

Whoistheboythatwasherejustnow?②

Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?6.

當先行詞在定語從句中作表語時，只能用that.

Thevillageisnolongertheonethatitusedtobe.

●當who與that都指代人時，只用who而不用that的情況1．當先行詞是anyone,one,ones，all,(指人時)

①Allwhoheardthenewswereexcited.

②Anyonewhobreakstherulewillbepunished.2.當先行詞為those,people時，多用who

①Thosewhowanttogopleaseputupyourhands.

②Peoplewhocanseesometimesactjustasfoolishly.

3.在非限制性定語從句中須用who

Tom’sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworkshard.

4.在被分隔的定語從句中須用who

AnewteacherwillcometomorrowwhowillteachyouGerman.

5.在以therebe開頭的句子中多用who

Thereisastrangerwhowantstoseeourheadmaster.

6.一個句子中帶有兩個定語從句，其中一個關系代詞是that,另一個須用who

Thestudentwhowaspraisedatthemeetingisthemonitorthatisverymodestandstudiesveryhard.

●which引導的定語從句which在從句中作主語或謂語動詞或介詞的賓語，可指代主句整個概念，也可指代單個先行詞①Thisisthebookwhichyouwant.②

Thebuildingwhichstandsneartheriverisourschool.③

Theroominwhichthereisamachineisworkshop.④Shemarriedagain,whichwasunexpected.which可以引導(非)限制性定語從句，可位于句中（尾），不能位于句首只能用關系代詞which而不用that的情況：1.介詞后面的關系代詞若指代物，則只用which.

①Doyoustillrememberthehouseinwhichweusedtoplay?②ThepenwithwhichIwrotethisarticleismissing.

2．引導非限制性定語從句時，又指代物時只能用which3.先行詞本身是that時

Thatwhichyouborrowedfrommewasn’tarealdiamondnecklace.4．先行詞指人的“性質，身份”而不是人時

①Sheisdressedinwhitelikeanurse,whichsheisnot.

②Helookedlikeanhonestman,whichhewas.

●whose引導定語從句應注意以下幾點：whose引導定語從句，其后應緊跟名詞，構成名詞短語（誤）That’sthechildwhosewelookedatdrawingjustnow.（正）That’sthechildwhosedrawingwelookedatjustnow.2.whose引導定語從句，其先行詞不僅可以指人，還可以指物

①MrKing,whoselegswerebadlyhurt,wasquicklytakentohospital.

②ItwasameetingwhoseimportanceIdidn’trealizeatthetime.

③Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblackwithdisease.3.whose在定語從句中與它所修飾的名詞一起作介詞賓語，可以與介詞放在先行詞與從句之間

①ThebossinwhosedepartmentMrKingworkedhadheardabouttheaccident.

②Tom,onwhosebikeIwenttoschoolisafriendofmine.4.whose的先行詞指物時，可用ofwhich代替whose,但詞序不同，即whose﹢名詞＝the﹢名詞﹢ofwhich

①ThenovelswhosetitleisRedandBlackisveryinteresting.(＝thetitleofwhich)

②Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.(＝thewindowofwhich)Exercises:①

Thatistheonlybook________hehasborrowedfromthelibrarythisterm.A.which

B.that

C.whom

D.what

②Thisisthemuseum_________they’llvisittomorrow.

A.inwhich

B.where

C./

D.when

③Thefactory________ownerisfromShanghaiisverybig.

A.which

B.where

C.whose

D.ofwhich

④All________isneededisplentyoftime.

A.thething

B.that

C.what

D.which

⑤Heisthestudent______handwritingisthebestinourclass.

A.who

B.whom

C.whose

D.that

⑥Everything_____wesawinthePalaceMuseumisverybeautiful.

A.that

B.which

C./

D.AandC

⑦Isthereanything_________youwanttosay?

A.which

B.that

C.who

D.what

⑧Thelastplace______wevisitedwastheGreatWall.

A.which

B.that

C.where

D.it

⑨Finallythethiefhandedovereverything____hehadstolen.

A.that

B.which

C.whatever

D.all

⑩Thisistheverybook_______Iwanttoborrow.

A.that

B.which

C./

D.AandC

⑾Isthereanything________Icandoforyou?

A.that

B.which

C./

D.AandC

⑿Heistheonlyperson______Iwanttosee.

A.that

B.who

C./

D.allabove

⒀Thereisnotmuch________canbedone.

A.that

B.which

C./

D.Aand

C

⒁Youcantakeanyseat_________isfree.

A.which

B.where

C.that

D.inwhich

⒂Thatistheworstfilm_________I’veeverseen.

A.that

B./

C.whose

D.AandB

定語從句(三)Ⅰ.關系副詞when,where,why引導的定語從句

關系副詞在定語從句中只能充當狀語。當修飾一個表示時間的名詞時，常用關系副詞when在定語從句中充當時間狀語；當修飾一個表示地點的名詞時，常用關系副詞where在定語從句中充當地點狀語；當修飾表示原因的名詞時，常用關系副詞why,在定語從句中充當原因狀語。

關系副詞在句中一般不能省略。1．IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.2．I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.

1.

Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.2.

Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.

1.

Thereasonwhyshedidn’tgetthejobwasthatherEnglishwasnotverygood.2.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthatheoverslept.

Exercises:

用關系副詞when,where,why填空：1.Doyoustillremembertheplace__________youwereborn?2.Idon’trememberthedate__________myfatherwasborn.3.Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse__________thegreatwriterusedtolive.4.Doyouknowthereason____________hekilledhimself?5.Hewasbornintheyear_____________theSecondWorldWarbrokeout.6.Iwillneverforgettheday__________Iwenttomeetyouattheairport.7.Healwayswantedtogotohishometownandvisitedtheplace_______hegrewup.8.Kunmingisabeautifulcity_________flowersareseenalltheyeararound.9.Thechildrentodayareluckyastheyarelivinginatime_______ourcountryisopentotheoutsideworld.10.Pleasetellmethereason___________heisangry.11.Thiskindofprogramwillbewellreceivedinthecountries________manyChineseareliving.12.Theoldblackmanneverforgottheday_________hewassold.

漢譯英：1.我已經找到了我朋友居住的那間房子了。2.你記得你媽媽出生的日期嗎？3.請告訴我你買到那塊手表的地方。4.這就是我不喜歡他的原因。5.你能否向我解釋一下你遲到的原因？6.這就是他向我解釋的理由。

Ⅱ.區(qū)別：

思考:先行詞同樣是表示地點的，為何有時候用關系代詞，有時候用關系副詞?先行詞同樣是表示時間的，為何有時候用關系代詞，有時候用關系副詞?

關系詞的選擇關鍵是：由關系詞在從句中所充當的成分決定

若先行詞在從句中作主、賓、表則用關系代詞；若在從句中作狀語則用關系副詞。1．Ihavefoundtheplacethathevisitedlastweek.2．Ihavefoundtheplacewherehestayedlastweek.

1.

Thehousethatheboughtisverybig.2.

Thehousewherehelivedisverybig.

1.

ThedatethatI’llalwaysrememberisNov.22,1966.2.

ThedatewhenIwasbornisNov.22,1966.

1.

ThedaysthatIspentwithyouareunforgettable.2.

ThedayswhenIstayedinAmericaareunforgettable.

1.

Thereasonthatheexplainedtomeisthathegotuplate.2.

Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthathegotuplate.

Ⅲ.as引導的定語從句1．as用作關系代詞和關系副詞引導限制性定語從句，并在從句中作定語，表語或狀語，常和thesame,such,so,as等連用。①

Ilikethesamebookasyoudo.(as作賓語)②

Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.(as作狀語)③

Iwanttohavesuchadictionaryashehas.(as作賓語)注意點：thesame…as(指不同的人或物)

thesame…that(指同一個人或物)比較:①ThisisthesamebookasIlentyouyesterday.(是2本書)

②ThisisthesamebookthatIlentyouyesterday.(是同一本書)2.as引導非限制性定語從句。as在定語從句中作主語，表語和賓語，只能指代主句整個概念，不能指代單個先行詞，它可以放在句首(中，尾)。①

Asweallknow,hestudiesveryhard.(as作賓語)②

Asisknowntoall,heisthebeststudentinourclass.(as作主語)常用于beknown/expected/announced/reported/shown等結構中

Exercises:用恰當的關系詞填空：1.

Thefirstlesson_____theoldprofessortaughtwasnoteasilyforgotten.2.

Thatisthemostwonderfulbike______Ihaveeverseen.3.

Ishetheboy_______leftarmgothurt?4.

Thereport______theyarelisteningtoisveryimportant.5.

Doyouknowthereason_____hedidn’tcometoschoollastweek?6.

Didyouunderstandthelastreport_____wasmadebytheforeigner?7.

Areyougoingtovisitthetemple8.

Hetoldmeeverything______hehadseenintheaccident.9.

Thecampwasfullofpeople______homeshadbeendestroyed.10.Tomisthestudentwith_____Iwanttohaveatalk.11.Doyourememberthevillage_________weworkedlastsummer?12.Doyourememberthevillage______wevisitedlastsummer?13.Doyourememberthedays______wespenttogetherlastsummer?14.★Wouldyoupleaselendmethesamebook_______hehasborrowed?15.★Idon’tlikesuchkindofmusic_____Iheardjustnow.16.★Wehopetogetsuchatool________heisusing.17.★Mr.Whitetoldhiswifethepersonsandthings____hesawinChina.18.★Whoisthegirl_____shookhandswithourheadmaster?

Ⅳ.由介詞﹢which或whom構成的定語從句

關系副詞when,where,why引導的定語從句時往往用介詞﹢which的形式替換:關系代詞whose﹢n.引導定語從句時＝the﹢n.ofwhich(先行詞為物)/the﹢n.ofwhom(先行詞為人)①

Thisisthehousewhere/inwhichIwasborn.②

Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen/inwhichIfirstcametoChina.③

Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichshefailedintheexam.④

Whereisthetablewhoseleg/thelegofwhichisbroken?注意:1.介詞﹢which/whom構成的定語從句中，which/whom不可省①

ThedayonwhichIfirstmethimwasFeb.6,1989.②

Thepencilwithwhichhewaswritingbroke.③

ThepersontowhomIspokejustnowisourheadmaster.

2.Whom,which作介詞賓語時，介詞一般可放在which之前，也可放在從句原來的位置上，在含有介詞的動詞固定詞組中，介詞只能放在原來的位置上

Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.

3.當先行詞是theway并在后面的從句中作方式狀語時，關系詞用inwhich/that/省略that

①Idon’tlikethewayinwhich/that/(/)hespeaks.

②That’sthewayinwhich/that

/（/)Iworkedoutthemathsproblem.

Ⅴ.關系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句中的主謂一致關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞在人稱和數上應與先行詞一致。①

Whoistheguythatisreadingoverthere?②

Thenumberofpeoplethataregoingtotheexhibitionisexpectedtobeover25,000.③

Allthatneedstobedonehasbeendone.④

Heisoneofthestudentswhousecomputeralotforstudy.⑤

Timmyistheonlyoneofthepupilsthathasfailedtheexam.例③中的all意為“一切”，作單數。例⑤中沒通過考試的學生事實上只有一人，因此謂語動詞也用單數。

Exercises:

選擇題

1．Istillremembertheday_____shefirstworethatpinkdress.

A.which

B.inwhich

C.onthat

D.onwhich

2.I’llshowyouastore______youmaybuyall______youneed.

A.inwhich,thatB.where,which

C.which,that

D.that,that

3.I’llneverforgettheday________IjoinedtheParty.

A.onwhich

B.inwhich

C.which

D.atwhich

4.Willyoupleaseshowmethegirl______nameisLinda?

A.who

B.whom

C.whose

D.which

5.It’soneofthemostimportantmeetings______thisyear.

A.thathasbeenheld

B.whichhasbeenheld

C.thathavebeenheld

D.whichhaveheld

6.Hewantedtoknowthereason_______Iwaslate.

A.as

B.for

C.why

D.because

7.July7,1937istheday___weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.

A.which

B.when

C.onwhich

D.aboutwhich

8.Don’treadsuchbooks______youdon’tunderstand.

A.which

B.that

C.as

D./

用介詞﹢關系代詞填空：1．Thisisthehouse__________________MaoZedongwasborn.2．Sheisthegirl____________________youlentyourbike.3．Thisisthepen__________________Iwrotetheletter.4．Welovethevillage___________________weworkedfor2years.5．Thosearethebooks___________________weweretalkingjustnow.6．Canyoulendmeachair____________________Icansit?7．Thebus_________________Ioftengotoschoolhasn’tcomeyet.8．Heisjustthestudent_____________youwanttomakefriends.9．Thelibrary____________Iborrowedamagazineisnotverybig.10.Thetrain________________shewastravelingwaslate.11．Thereisnodictionary______________youcanfindeverything.12．Therewasnobody____________Icouldturnforhelpinthestreetatsuchalatehour.13．★Thehousewhosewindowfacessouthismine.

＝Thehousethewindow________________facessouthismine.14.★Doyouknowthegirlwhoseparentsaredoctors?

＝Doyouknowthegirltheparents______________aredoctors?15.★Hehasalotofbooks,many_______arewritteninEnglish.16.Theoldmanhasthreesons,one________(其中一個)isadoctor.17.Theoldladyhastwodaughters,_______________(兩個都)aredevotedtoher.18.★Mr.Whitehasfoursons,butnone________aredevotedtohim.19.Chinahasalotofislands,thelargest__________（最大的）isTaiwanisland.

綜合練習：

改錯題:1.Theplacewherewevisitedlastmonthisfamous.2.

ThefirstgiftwhichIreceivedwasfrommybrother.3.

TheonlybookwhichIboughtinthebookstoreisWhoMovesMyCheese.4.

DoyoulikethebikeIboughtityesterday?5.

Aplaneisamachinecanflyinthesky.6