湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市2023-2024學(xué)年高二下冊(cè)第三次月考英語(yǔ)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)試題（附答案）

湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期第三次月考英語(yǔ)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）略第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AYOURIMPACTBEGINSTODAYTogetherwecanchangetheworld.Helpussolveourworld’smostpressingchallenges.Withyoursupport,we’redrivingnewknowledge,workingtoreduceourhumanfootprintontheplanet,andinspiringanewgenerationofchangemakerstovaluethenaturalworldandhelpcreateabrighterfuture.100%ofalldonationsgodirectlytoourExplorersandprograms.We’vebuiltasustainable,innovativebusinessmodelthatallowsustoinvesteverydollaryoudonatedirectlytoourExplorersandprograms.WhenyousupporttheNationalGeographicSociety,notonlyareyousupportingyourpassionfortheplanet,butyoualsohelpprotectitswonder.Youensureourmissionlivesonsowecancontinueexploringtheplanet,savingwildlife,protectingourocean,empoweringtheworld’smostinnovativescientiststohelpsolvetheplanet’smysteriesandchallenges,andpresentingourancientheritageforfuturegenerations.Yourgenerouscontributionwillimmediatelygotoworksupportingthethingsyoucarepassionatelyabout—notoperatingcosts.SUPPORTOURWORKTax-freegiftsNationalGeographicSocietyisatax-freeorganization,andwerelyonthegenerosityofdonorslikeyoutosupportourExplorers’workinscience,exploration,education,andstorytelling.SingleandmonthlydonationsMakeagifttodaytohelpexploreandprotectourplanet.Bygivingmonthly,yourreliablesupportallowsustorespondtothemostpressingprogrammaticneeds.EmployerMatchingGifsManycompanieshaveamatchinggiftprogramforemployees.Yougiveanamountandyourcompanydonatesthesame.Doubleyourimpactbyexploringyouremployer’smatchinggiftprograms.Honor/MemorialGivingHonorafriendorlovedone’spassionforscience,exploration,education,andstorytellingbymakinganunusualgiftintheirname.21.What’sthepurposeoftheabovewebpage? A.Toguidepeopletoinvestinasustainablebusiness. B.ToattractdonationstoNationalGeographicSociety. C.Toappealtopeopletopreserveancientheritagesites. D.TopublicizethemissionofNationalGeographicSociety.22.Tomakeyourcontributiontwiceasmuch,whatcanyoudo? A.Makeitagiftinthenameofyourfriend. B.Supportthemostpressingemployer. C.Reducethetaxattachedtothedonation. D.Tryyourcompany’smatchinggiftprograms.23.WhatcanbelearnedaboutNationalGeographicSociety? A.Itneedsnoopeningcosts. B.Itsmissionhasn’tbeenrecognized. C.Itisdedicatedtoprotectingnature. D.Itsemployeesneedn’tpayincometax.BMyfamilyandIhadsetoutonadaytripfromShillongtoCherrapunji,atownknownforbeingoneofthewettestplacesonEarth.However,afterwehadbeenstuckintrafficformorethanfourhours,oneofmysistersproposedgoingbacktothecityasalastattempttosavewhateverremainedoftheday.Aquickonlinesearchrevealedothermust-visitspotsaroundShillong.Mostwerefamiliar,butonecaughtourattention—Nartiangwithitsmysteriousmonoliths(獨(dú)石碑).Thephotoshowedtallstonespiledtogetherinastrangeformation,appealingtoustoexplorefurtherdespitethelackofdetailsprovided.ThatishowIfoundmyselfstandingintheshadowofthehugemonolithsofNartiang,whichishometothethickestandlargestcollectionintheregion.Curioustouncovertheirhistory,IapproachedМa(chǎn)ryoSymblai,avillageelderImetlaterthatday,whotoldmethestoryofthemonolithsthathasbeenorallypasseddownovergenerations.Shesaid,“Backintheday,Nartiangdidn’thaveabazaar(集市)andthenearestonewasatRaliang.Ononesuchbazaar,agiantnamedMarPhalyngkiwascaughtinheavyrainonhiswayback.HerequestedtoborrowanumbrellafromtheRaliangchief’syoungestdaughter,butshewantedtotesthislegendarystrengthinstead.‘Whydon’tyougoliftthathugestoneinthebazaaranduseitasanumbrella?’shesaiddismissively.Emboldenedbyherchallenge,hejustdidthat,butbeforereachingNartiang,heplaceditinaforestwhentherainhadstopped.”“ThereisacertainoverlapofancientstoryandmemoryinthecaseoftheNartiangmonoliths.Thelocals’accountofhowtheplacecametobeisbasedonancientstoriesorfolkcustoms.Buttheyalsorememberitbecauseitservedtheirancestorsasaweeklymarketplace,amemorial,andaplaceforpoliticalgatherings.Thatishoworalhistoryworks.Itmixesfactandfictionintocollectivememory”,saidDrReejuRay,alocalwriter.Today,eventhoughthetraditionalcustomsandmoreconfirmedhistoricalaccountsoffersomeinsightintothesite,themysteryofthestonegiantslasts.24.WhydidtheauthorandhisfamilycometovisitthemonolithsofNartiang? A.Itwasintheiroriginaltripplan. B.Theyhadtochooseitasanalternative. C.Itwastheonlyremainingplacetovisit. D.Aneldervillagergavethemthesuggestion.25.Whichdoestheunderlinedword“Emboldened”inparagraph2mean? A.Threatened. B.Moved. C.Stimulated. D.Frightened.26.WhyareDr.ReejuRay’swordsmentioned? A.Toinformwhatthemonolithsservedas. B.Toillustratehowthemysteriousstorycameintobeing. C.TointroducethefeatureofNartiangmonoliths. D.Todenytheoverlapofancientstoryandmemory.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext? A.ATriptotheMonoliths B.TheMysteryofShillong C.TheFormationoftheMonoliths D.ADisappointingTravelExperienceCIfyoufindyourselfembracingthethrillingchaosofcompletingtasksatthelastminute,congratulations—Youarenotalone!Accordingtoasurvey,20%ofU.S.adultsprocrastinate(拖延)athome,atwork,inrelationships,andmore.Anothersurveyfoundthat88%ofpeopleprocrastinateatleastonehouraday.Soundsalarming?Asitturnsout,ifyou’refeelingstressed,youmaybemorelikelytoprocrastinate.Essentially,ourbrainsarestructuredtoapproachtaskswefindenjoyableandavoidthoseweareafraidof.Ourlimbicbrain(邊緣大腦),theemotionalpartofourbrain,isscreaming,“Let’sdoanythingbutthatstressfulthing!”whileourprefrontalcortex(前額葉皮層)istheCEOofourbrain,settingthegoals,makingaplan,andensuringwestayontrack.CEOvs.DramsQueenBrain—whowillwin?Actually,theredoexistchanceswhenourlimbicbrainoverridesthatprefrontalcortexmessage.Thenthere’stheburstofenergyweoftengetwhenwe’reupagainstadeadline,whichleadstoarewardpathwaywithinourbrainsandsetsthefoundationforprocrastinationasahabit.Whenyouracetotheendandgettothegoalfinally,yourpreviousstressisgoneandyoualmostgetinthatpatternof“See,Iworkbetterunderpressure!”So,howtobeatprocrastination?Well,youneedtoretrainyourbraintocopewiththestress.Onetrickistotakeperiodicbreaks(reward)torefocusyourattentiononthetask.EverheardofthePromodoroTechnique?It’saboutworkingfor25minutesandrestingfor5.Duringthosebreaks,forgetaboutbrain-burningactivities—tryrelaxingtechniquessuchasmeditationoryogainstead.Anothertrickisto“eatthefrog”,ortacklethemostdifficultandstressfultaskofthedayanddoitfirstthinginthemorning,aswasoncesaidbyMarkTwain.28.Whyarethetwosurveysmentionedinthefirstparagraph? A.Towarnthereaders. B.Toclarifyaconcept. C.Topresentaphenomenon. D.Tomakeacomparison.29.Whichofthefollowingstatementswilltheauthormostprobablyagreewith? A.Weareborntopreferwhatwelikeandavoidwhatwefear. B.Thelimbicbrainisunderthecontroloftheprefrontalcortex. C.Wearemorelikelytoburstwhengettingclosetothedeadline. D.Failingtocompleteataskcanleadtohabitualprocrastination.30.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdotostopprocrastination? A.Forcethebraintofocus. B.Takeabreakregularly. C.Solveatrickymathproblem. D.Eatsomethingrefreshingfirst.31.Whatisthetoneofthistext? A.Humorous. B.Ironic. C.Serious. D.Unclear.DToSwedes,thescentofsurstr?mming(鯡魚(yú)罐頭)ispleasant,buttomostothers,it’ssickening.Thiscontrasthighlightstheroleofcultureinshapingourperceptionsofscent.However,researchersnowsuggestthatbiologymightplayamoresignificantrolethanpreviouslythought.ArtinArshamian,aneuroscientistattheKarolinskaInstituteinSweden,andAsifaMajid,apsychologistattheUniversityofOxford,noticedfromtheirownpreviousworkthatpeoplefromdifferentculturesdescribedsmellsdifferently.Theyalsoknewfrompastexperimentsbyotherresearchersthatculturewasimportantindeterminingwhichsortsoffacespeoplefoundbeautiful.Thus,theyexpectedtoseeasimilarphenomenonwithsmells.Theresearchersconductedastudyinvolvingninediversegroupsofpeople,includinghunter-gatherersinMexico,farmersinEcuador,andresidentsofcitieslikeMexicoCityandBangkok.Theywerepresentedwithtensmells,rangingfromisovalericacidtovanillaextract,andaskedtoratethemaccordingtopleasantness.Theresultsshowedhighconsistencyacrosscultures,withisovalericaciduniversallydislikedandvanillaextractmostlyenjoyed.Interestingly,thechemicalcompositionofthesmellsaccountedfor41%ofthereactions,whileculturalfactorsonlyexplained6%.Itisquitedifferentinthecaseofvisualperceptionoffaces,whereaperson’sculturemakesup50%oftheexplanationforwhichfacestheyfindbeautiful.Meanwhile,theresearchersidentifiedan“eyeofthebeholder”effectinourperceptionsofscent.Thisphenomenon,thoughlessobviousthaninvisualperception,representsthepersonalpreferencesthatareshapedbyinfluencesoutsideindividualculture,accountingfor54%ofthedifferencesinwhichsmellspeopleliked.Thisstudysuggeststhatoursenseofsmellmaybemoreinfluencedbybiologicalfactorsthanculturalones.Itchallengestheideathatculturealonedetermineswhatwefindpleasantorunpleasantandopensupnewwaysofexploringthebiologicalbasisofoursenses.32.Whatistheinitialpurposeoftheresearch? A.Toexplorehowcultureaffectsoursenseofsmell. B.Toproveallpeopleenjoythescentofsurstr?mming. C.Toexaminegeographyplaysaroleinscentperception. D.Toconfirmbiologyhasaninfluenceonscentperception.33.Howdidtheresearchersconducttheresearch? A.Bymakingquestionnairesurveys. B.Byrecordingparticipants’reactions. C.Bycomparingculturalbackgrounds. D.Byreferringtopreviousstudyreports.34.Theunderlined“eyeofthebeholder”effectmentionedintheresearchrefersto_____________. A.thestandardofbeautyacrossdifferentcultures B.theroleofcultureinshapingoursenseofsmell C.theimpactofpersonalpreferencesonscentperception D.theinfluenceofoutsidefactorsonourvisualpreference35.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheparticipants’reactionstoisovalericacid? A.Theywerefamiliarwithisovalericacidbeforehand. B.Theyhatedisovalericacidallduetoitsunpleasantsmell. C.Theirreactionstothescentofisovalericacidvariedamongcultures. D.Theirdislikeforisovalericacidwasbasedmoreonbiologicalfactors.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowWeTalkaboutFearMattersLately,thereseemstobeplentytofearintheworld.Howwetalkaboutwhatwefearmightoffercluestohowweperceivethatemotionsociallyandculturally.Gettherootoffear.36.InAngloSaxontimes,“fear”primarilyreferredtosuddendanger.Therootoftheworddatesbackto“pēr”fromIndo-Europeanabout6,000yearsago.Thisrootsuggeststhatfeardevelopedfromasudden(frightening)experienceyoupassedthrough.Figureouttheemotionalmeaningoffear.Whetheremotionsareviewedpositivelyornegativelyvariesfromculturetoculture.37.Forinstance,inEnglish,theword“anxious”canbeusedtomean“worried”or“eager”.Butthewordmeaning“anxious”justmeans“regret”inDargwa.Therefore,manyEnglishspeakersmaynotviewanxietyasnegativelyasDargwaspeakers.Findoutafearfulpattern.Inlookingatsuchpattensacrossthemajorlanguagefamilies,researchersfoundthattheword“fear”wasoftenassociatedwithanxiety,envyandgriefinIndo-Europeanlanguages.ButinAustronesianlanguages,“fear”moreoftenwasassociatedwithsurprise.38.39Howwetalkaboutfearchangeshowwereacttoit.Whenwetalkaboutwhatfrightensus,itmaybeusefultodisruptassociatedmeanings.Inaddition,howourlanguagecategorizesanemotionseemstoimpactwhetherweperceivethoseemotionsnegativelyorpositively.Inconclusion,fearissomethingthatcanbechangedbyculturalandlinguisticexperience.40.PerhapsRooseveltwasrightwhenheinfamouslysaid“Theonlythingwehavetofearisfearitself.”A.TalkmoreaboutfearsB.ChangeourperceptionoffearC.ThewordfearhasalonghistoryinEnglishD.ThereseemedafearfulpatternacrossthemajorlanguagefamiliesE.ThisisbasedonwhatpeoplehavelearnedtoassociatewithemotionwordsF.ItopensthedoortopotentialwaystochangehowwetalkaboutandreacttoitG.Thismakesspeakersofthelatterlanguagesassociatethisemotionwithalessnegativesense第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。In1985,VanessaFosterandherhusbandhoppedonaflighttoAlaskawithoutanyplan.Whenthey41,theyusedthelastoftheirmoneytobuyanold42andstartedwanderingacrossthestate.Alittlewhileintotheirdrive,theysawahitchhiker(搭便車(chē)的人)onthesideoftheroad,andherhusbanddecidedtogivehima43.Afewhourslater,they44atareststop.“Ihoppedoutand45totheladies’room.WhenIcameoutafewminuteslater,myhusbandwasexitingthemen’sroom,”Fosterremembered.“We46aroundtheparkinglot,andthehitchhikerandourcarweregone.Sowe47thehitchhikers,”Fostersaid.Astheywalkeddownthe48,noneofthecarssloweddownto49themup.50,anElCaminostopped.Sittinginthedriver’sseatwasamiddle-agedmanwithbright51eyes.Hetoldthemtohopin.“Whenheheardwewere52andlosteverything,heofferedussummerjobsandaplacetostayonhisfarmnearHomer,Alaska,”Fostersaid.The53impactedthemtosuchadegreethatVanesaFosterwroteaboutitinabooktitledMoreThanEverything.Lookingbackonthattimeinherlife,alltheseyearslater,shesaysshe’llnever54thatmanwiththebrightblueeyes.“Ireallyappreciatehiskindnesstowardacoupleof55onthatAlaskanhighway,”shesays.41.A.escaped B.came C.won D.landed42.A.car B.horse C.pick-up D.bike43.A.lesson B.treat C.ride D.truck44.A.gaveup B.pulledover C.checkedout D.satdown45.A.rushed B.preferred C.appealed D.referred46.A.wandered B.searched C.played D.drove47.A.asked B.invited C.became D.needed48.A.hill B.valley C.bank D.highway49.A.break B.pick C.clean D.eat50.A.Currently B.Occasionally C.Finally D.Frequently51.A.little B.black C.big D.blue52.A.jobless B.hungry C.tired D.cold53.A.drive B.scenery C.experience D.book54.A.forget B.miss C.hate D.forgive55.A.animals B.thieves C.workers D.strangers第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheMogaoGrottoes,aworld-renowned56(culture)heritagesiteinDunhuang,contains735cavesandmorethan45,000squaremetersofmurals.Theirpreservationcouldnothavebeendone57thededicationofcountlessguardiansacross58(generation).Amongthem,FanJinshi,formerpresidentoftheDunhuangAcademy,isanillustrativeone.FanfirsttrekkedallthewaytoDunhuangMogaoGrottoesinJuly1963shortlyafter59(graduate)fromcollege.Shekeptadreamtoprotectthenationalculturalheritage60remainedthereformorethan50years.Overthepastdecades,she61(put)downrootsinthedesert,asifherlifeandDunhuang’shaveblendedintoone.Thusshehasbecomeknownas“DaughterofDunhuang”.Fanhasmadeoutstandingcontributionstothecauseof“protecting,studyingandcarryingforward”DunhuangGrottoesthroughherwork.Shewasthefirst62(suggest)the“DigitalDunhuang”conceptinthelate1980stopreservethemurals,63(paint)sculpturesandhistoricaldatainDunhuangCavespermanently.Shealso64(active)promotedthepopularizationoftheDunhuangculture.Now,85-year-oldFanJinshi,65stillworksveryhardtoprotectandmanagethecaves,isasbusyasever,“I’vedoneallIcouldforDunhuang,”shesays.第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分15分）66.假定你是校學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，你校計(jì)劃舉辦一場(chǎng)主題為“當(dāng)代青少年生活”的攝影展(photoexhibition)。此次影展向?qū)W生們展示現(xiàn)當(dāng)代青少年個(gè)人風(fēng)采。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一則通知發(fā)布在校英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)站上，內(nèi)容包括:1、活動(dòng)的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；2、活動(dòng)的內(nèi)容；3、期待參與。注意：1、詞數(shù)80左右；2、可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。NOTICEDearfellowstudents,StudentUnion第二節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Myfatheraskedmetochatwithhimforawhile.Actually,Iwasunwillingtolistentohistalkingendlesslyashealwaysdid.Myfatherwasalawyer,butIneverwantedtogotolawschoolorfollowhispaththroughlife.Aswasexpected,heclearedhisthroatandstartedtosay,“Er...What...Whatdoyoureallywanttodointhegorgeous(燦爛的)future?”Iwassilentforamomentplayingwiththecellphone.Ikeptthinking,“ShouldItellhimmytruethoughts?Whatifhegetsangry?WhatifIlethimdown?”laterIreplied,“Well,Iwanttobeawriter.”Iguessedthismaybenottheanswerhewouldexpect.Butsurprisingly,“Interestingidea!”heanswered.Iwasshocked,speakinginalowvoicewithhesitation.“Areyouserious,dad?”“Well,youneedconfidenceandgoodpreparations,andyoustillhaveplentyoftime.Youneedtofindoutwhatyoureallyenjoynow.Look,it’slate.Let’staketheboatouttomorrowmorning,justyouandme.Maybewecancatchsomecrabs(螃蟹)fordinner,andwecantalkmore.”Earlynextmorningwepackeduptheequipmentandsetoffforthecoast.Wedidn’ttalkmuch,butenjoyedthesoundoftheseabirdsandthesightofthecoastline.Therewerenobigwavesandblindingsunlightatthattime.“Let’sseeifwearelucky,”hesaid,pickedupawebbasketwitharopetiedandthrewitintothesea.Wewaitedawhile,thenmyfatherstoodupandsaid,“Givemeahandwiththis,”andwepulledupthecrabcageontothedeck.Toourjoy,thecagewasfilledwithdozensofsoftshellcrabs.Squatting(蹲)down,wewatchedthemforamoment.Atfirsttheyfoughtagainsteachothertoclimbouthard,tryingtoescape.Manywerepulledbackintothecage.Later,somegaveup,buttherewerestillsomecrabstryingtoescapeagainandagain.注意:1.所續(xù)寫(xiě)短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段，每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好。Paragraph1:Atthatmoment,myfatherpointedtothecage,“Lookatthatcrab,there!”.Paragraph2:Fromthatdayon,Iwasdeterminedtomakemydreamcometrue.