北師大版初三英語第15講：unit-8-詞匯篇(教師版)

Unit8詞匯篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.理解并靈活運(yùn)用重點(diǎn)單詞、詞組2.理解、掌握并靈活運(yùn)用重點(diǎn)句型1.wish希望(1)wish做動詞時(shí)意為“想要，希望”。wishtodosth./wishsb.todosth.希望做某事/希望某人做某事，例如：Iwishtoseethemanager.我希望見一見經(jīng)理。Allparentswishtheirchildrentobehappy.所有的父母都希望自己的孩子開心。wishsb.+賓語補(bǔ)足語，例如：Iwishyouahappyjourney.希望你有個(gè)快樂的旅程。(2)wish做名詞意為“祝愿”，例如：Weallsendourbestwishesforthefuture.我們都對未來致以最好的祝愿?！局R拓展】wish和hope的區(qū)別(1)hope表示有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望；wish表示實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較小的愿望。因此hope的賓語從句不用虛擬語氣，wish的賓語從句可跟虛擬語氣。例如：TheyhopethattheywillvisitChinasomeday.(will不能換成would)他們希望某天可以參觀中國。HowIwishIwereabird.(動詞不能用hope)我多么希望自己是一只小鳥！(2)“希望某人做某事”，應(yīng)為“wishsb.todosth.”而不是“hopesb.todosth.”。(3)在祝福語種常有“wishsb.+賓語補(bǔ)足語”，而hope沒有這種用法。(4)在答語中通常有“hopeso/hopenot”表示“希望如此/希望不是這樣”，wish沒有這種用法。2.wonder想知道；驚奇，驚嘆(1)wonder做動詞，意為“想知道”。后面常加when/where/why/who/whether+從句。例如：Iwonderwhetherthislittleboyisauniversitystudent.我想知道這個(gè)小男孩是否是大學(xué)生。(2)wonder做名詞意為“驚奇，驚嘆（不可數(shù)名詞）；奇跡，奇觀（可數(shù)名詞）”。例如：Therewasalookofwonderinhiseyes.他眼中露出驚奇的神色。Itisawonderthatheremainedaliveafterdroppingfromtheroofofaten-storeybuilding.他從一幢十層樓的樓頂摔下來，但仍然活著，真是奇跡。3.treat對待，看待；治療；款待(1)對待，看待；把…看作。常見短語“treat…as/like…”，例如：Donottreatthisseriousmatterasajoke.不要把這件嚴(yán)肅的事情當(dāng)做笑料。(2)治療，例如：Thedoctorswerenotabletotreathisdisease.醫(yī)生治不了這種病。(3)款待，請（客），常見短語treatsb.todinner。例如;We’lltreatyoutodinner.我們請你吃晚飯。4.succeed成功(1)succeed表示“成功”，為不及物動詞，不能用于被動語態(tài)。例如：Hisplansucceeded.他的計(jì)劃成功了。(2)succeedwithsth.在某方面獲得成功。例如：Ifyouwantsucceedwithyourwork,youmustpaytheprice.如果想把你的工作做得成功，你必須付出代價(jià)。(3)succeedindoingsth.成功做某事。例如：Shesucceededingettingthejob.她成功謀得了那份工作?！局R拓展】success表示抽象意義的“成功”，不可數(shù)名詞。例如：Ididn’thavemuchsuccessinfindingajob.我找工作沒什么結(jié)果。success表示具體意義的“成功的人或事”，可數(shù)名詞。例如：Hewasagreatsuccessinbusiness.他事業(yè)上很成功。successful表示“成功的”，形容詞。例如：Sheisasuccessfulwriter.她是個(gè)成功的作家。successfully表示“成功地”，副詞，例如：Hefinishedthejobsuccessfully.他成功地完成了這項(xiàng)工作。5.fail失敗failtodosth.意為“未能（做）…，沒能（做）…”，例如：Themanfailedtoswimacrosstheriver.這個(gè)人沒能游過這條河。failure名詞Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失敗是成功之母。6.yet意為“還，尚，仍”。(1)yet通常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的否定句和疑問句中，常放于句尾；already用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句。例如：Haveyouheardfromhimyet?你收到他的信了嗎？—Hashecomeyet?他已經(jīng)來了嗎？—Notyet.不，還沒。(2)yet作連詞，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“但是，然而”。例如：Hesaidhewouldbelate,yethearrivedontime.他說他會遲到，但他卻準(zhǔn)時(shí)到了。7.loseweight意為“減肥”，例如：Weshouldchoosereasonableandwisemethodstoloseweight.我們應(yīng)該選擇明智合理的方法減肥?！九cweight相關(guān)的詞組】weightoneself稱體重gainweight體重增加putonweight體重增加weightloss減肥8.notonly…butalso的特殊用法(1)notonly…butalso連接句子時(shí)，notonly可以置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，這時(shí)第一分句要采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Notonlyhasheafirst-classbrain,butalsoheisatremendouslyhardworker.他不僅有著頭等聰明的腦子，而且工作時(shí)很能吃苦。(2)notonly…butalso結(jié)構(gòu)一般只省略also，但在連接句子時(shí)，有時(shí)也可見到省略but的情形。例如：NotonlywasItired,Iwasalsocold.我不光困倦，還感到很冷。（省去了but）9.beableto能，能夠ableadj.有能力的；能夠的。abilityn.能力theabilitytodosth.做某事的能力。capableadj.有能力的；becapableofdoingsth.有能力做某事?！綽eableto與can的區(qū)別】兩者表示能力時(shí)，是同義的。例如：Shecan/isabletospeaktwoforeignlanguages.她能說兩種外語。兩者區(qū)別如下：(1)can只有兩種時(shí)態(tài)can和could；beableto有多種時(shí)態(tài)，如was/wereableto;willbeableto;has/haveableto。例如：I’llbeabletodrivethecarinaweek.一周之后，我就能開車了。(2)beableto表示“通過某種努力做成了某事”，而can沒有這種用法。例如：Allthepeoplewereabletoescapefromthefireintime.所有人都能及時(shí)地逃出那場大火。(3)can可以表示猜測或允許、請求，表允許時(shí)可以與may互換，beableto則不能。例如：Somebodyisknockingatthedoor.Whocanitbe?有人在敲門，會是誰呢？---Can/MayIsithere?---Yes,please.—我可以做在這嗎？—可以，請坐。10.aboveall最重要的是，尤其是。aboveall表示“首先，尤其是，最重要的是”，可放句首或句中。例如：Aboveall,tellmewhatIhavetodo.首先告訴我該做什么。Helovesmusic,andaboveallclassicalmusic.他喜歡音樂，尤其是古典音樂?！九call有關(guān)的詞組】afterall畢竟inall總共firstofall首先allinall總而言之，頭等重要的1.Atlast,hesucceeded_____________theproblem.A.tosolve B.solve C.solving D.insolving2.---I’msorry,sir.I’vemadealotofmistakesintheexam.---Nevermind._________,theexamisalittledifficult.A.Inall B.Firstofall C.AfterallD.Aboveall3.Ifailed_________________themathsproblem.A.toworkout B.workout C.workingoutD.workedout4.Atlast,she_________singthisEnglishsongafterpracticingitmanytimes.A.canB.could C.beableto D.wasableto5.Don’talwaystreatme______alittlekid.A.asB.for C.inD.with6.Notonly________writesthewordsforthesongs,butalsohecomposesthemusic.A.heB.didhe C.doeshe D.hedoes7.Atthreeo’clock,theyhadnot________decidedwhethertoplaybasketballornot.A.already B.yet C.still D.even8.Shewondered________thechildrenwasdoing.A.whenB.whatC.howD.where解析：固定用法“succeedindoingsth.”，成功做某事，題意為“最終他成功解決了這個(gè)問題”，故選D。短語辨析。inall總的來說，總體上；firstofall首先；afterall畢竟；aboveall最重要的是，尤其是。根據(jù)題意上文“對不起，老師，在這次考試中，我犯了很多錯(cuò)?！毕挛摹皼]關(guān)系，畢竟這次考試有一點(diǎn)難?！惫蚀鸢笧镃。3.固定用法“failtodosth.”沒能做某事，題意為“我沒能做出這道數(shù)學(xué)題”故選A。4.根據(jù)“afterpracticingitmanytimes”表示經(jīng)過很多次的練習(xí)終于學(xué)會了這首英文歌，表示通過努力能夠做某事，應(yīng)用beableto，題意為“終于，練習(xí)了很多遍之后，她學(xué)會了這首英文歌”故選D。5.固定用法“treat…as/like”把…當(dāng)做…，題意為“不要總是把我當(dāng)成小孩子對待”故選A。6.notonly…butalso的特殊用法，not為否定詞，否定詞提前后面的句子用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，并且butalso后面的句子為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，并列結(jié)構(gòu)，故notonly后面的句子也應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，題意為“他不僅寫歌詞，而且還譜曲?！惫蔬xC。7.notyet意為“還沒有，尚未”。題意為“三點(diǎn)鐘的時(shí)候，他們還沒有決定要不要去打籃球?！?，故選B。8.wonder后面加從句。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)連接詞的意思分別為：when什么時(shí)候；what什么；how怎么；where哪里，what更符合題意。題意為“她想知道孩子們正在做什么?！惫蔬xB。答案：1-5DCADA6-8CBB基礎(chǔ)演練一、短語互譯傳給_______________2.熱烈歡迎_______________3.和…相似_________________致辭_______________5.帶來問題_______________6.做…的實(shí)驗(yàn)_______________頒獎_______________8.各種各樣的_____________9.繼續(xù)做某事_______________fromthenon_________11.getthechancetodosth._____________12.makegreatprogress_________________13.很榮幸做某事_____________________14.在某方面有天賦___________________15.關(guān)于…發(fā)現(xiàn)更多___________________二、根據(jù)句意和首字母提示或漢語提示完成單詞Therearethreel______inourschool;wecandomanyexperimentsinphysicsclass.Noonecanpredictexactlywhatwillhappeninthenextc________.What________(發(fā)現(xiàn))haveinfluencedourlivesmost?DNAistheb_______blockoflife.5.LiHua’sgrandfatherhasbeend_______for20years.鞏固提高根據(jù)中文提示完成句子（每空一詞）三個(gè)世紀(jì)前，許多孩子很小就死于不同的疾病。Threecenturiesago,manychildrendiedveryyoung______________differentdiseases.我認(rèn)為X射線是最重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一。IthinkX-rayis_____________________________________discoveries.科學(xué)家用了多久發(fā)現(xiàn)了DNA的結(jié)構(gòu)？Howlong_______________________scientists_______discoverDNA’sstructure?X射線能用于透視箱內(nèi)物品。X-rayscan_____________________seethingsinsidesuitcases.如果你對象棋感興趣，可以加入象棋俱樂部。YoucanjointheChessClubifyou_______________________chess.讓我們熱烈歡迎DrBrown的到來。______________awarmroundofapplausetoDr.Brown.決定誰該獲獎不是很難。___________________________decidewhowillwintheaward.我想對我的家人表示感謝。Iwantto________________________myfamilies.相信大家都能想象得出Dr.Brown非常忙。____________youcanimagineDr.Brownisaverybusyman.我不僅對3A班，而且對我校所有的年輕科學(xué)家們?nèi)〉玫某煽儽磉_(dá)深深地敬意。Ihavegreatrespectfortheachievementsof_____________class3A______________alltheyoungscientistsatourschool.答案基礎(chǔ)演練一、短語互譯passon2.giveawarmroundofapplauseto3.besimilarto.giveaspeech5.causeproblems6.doexperimentonpresenttheaward8.allkindsof9.continuetodosth.從那時(shí)起11.得到做某事的機(jī)會12.取得很大進(jìn)步It’sanhonortodosth.14.havetalentfor15.discovermoreabout二、根據(jù)句意和首字母提示或漢語提示完成單詞labs2.century3.discoveries4.building5.dead鞏固提高becauseofoneofthemostimportantdidittake;tobeusedtoareinterestedinLet’sgiveIt’snotdifficulttogivethankstoI’msurenotonly;butalso一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Icanseenewprogressasithasgrown_______thanbefore.A.tall B.tallerC.thetallestD.tallest2.Thelittletreecontinued______taller.A.togrowB.growsC.growD.growing3.Greenleaveshavegrownonthenewplants,_______theyhavenotfullygrown.A.because B.and C.butD.so4.---Willyoufixupthemachineaccordingtothe_______,David?---Noproblem.A.instructionsB.inventions C.invitationsD.interviewsYouhavetobe________andwaituntilIfinishmywork.A.patientB.strict C.honestD.active6.Ireallyenjoyedyourspeech,_______thereweresomepartsIdidn’tquiteunderstand.A.because B.unlessC.thoughD.after7.Theboylooked_______becausehedidn’tpasshismathsexam.A.sad B.sadness C.saddestD.sadly8.Atschool,wearetaught______knowledge________howtobehavewell.A.neither;norB.either;or C.notonly;butalso D.not;but9.The“teacher-freeexam”meansthatstudentstaketheirexams________teachers.Studentsmustbemorehonest.A.with B.without C.against D.through10.Seeingmypotwithpotatoesunderthesoil,Iwonder________later.A.howfastwillitgrow B.howfastdiditgrowC.howfastitwillgrow D.howfastitgrew完形填空Itallstartedatthebeginningoftheninthgrade.Carmenfoundshecouldn’tfoundshecouldn’tseethings1allthetime.Shebecameveryworried,butshehoped2wouldknowthat.Whenhermotheraskedhertoseetheeyedoctor,shedidn’t3.Buthermother’smindwasmadeup.Threedayslater,Carmengotnewglassesandinstructionsfromherdoctor.“AllofthekidswillthinkI’msilly.”Carmensaid.Hermother4andshookherhead.“Youlookjustasbeautifulasbefore,”shesaid.ButCarmendidn’tbelieveher.Thenextday,Carmenkeptthe5inherpocketasshewalkedintotheschoolyard.Suddenly,sheheardherfriendTheresashout.Carmenranovertotheothergirls.“What’sthematter?”sheasked.“Myringisgone!”Theresacried.“MysistersentittomefromCalifornia.It’svery6andIcan’tloseit.”Carmenandherfriendsbeganto7theringinthegrassyareaoftheplayground.Carmenrealizedthatshecoulddobetterifshecouldseebetter.Shetooktheglassesoutandputthemon.Everythinglookedso8!Soclear!Shelookeddownatthegroundandabrightlightcaughther9.Itwasthering.“Hereitis,”sheshouted.ShehandedittoTheresa.“Thanks,Carmen.I10thoughtwe’dfindit,”shepaused.“Hey,Ididn’tknowyouworeglasses.Theylookgreat!”“Thanks,”Carmenreplied.“Maybewearingglasseswon’tbesobadafterall.”Carmenthought.1.A.clearly B.carefullyC.freely D.quickly2.A. everybodyB.nobody C.somebodyD.anybody3.A.explainB.care C.agree D.understand4.A. relaxed B.cheeredC.smiled D.jumped5.A. ring B.keysC.book D.glasses6.A.special B.common C.cheap D.heavy7.A.askfor B.waitforC.lookfor D.payfor8.A.new B.dirty C.strangeD.different9.A.earsB.eyes C.feet D.hands10.A.still B.everC.never D.often答案 單項(xiàng)選擇1-5BACAA6-10CACBC完形填空1-5ABCCD6-10ACDBC__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.I’mhungry.Iwant_______toeat.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing2.Myparentsoftentellme_______careofmyselfwhenI’mout.A.takingB.take C.takenD.totake3.---Whowillgiveusthespeechonpublicmanners?---MrBrown________,butI’mnotsure.A.can B.need C.might D.must4.She_________veryhardsincehecametoourschool.A.studiesB.hasstudied C.isstudying D.studied5.Itwasdark,_________Icouldn’tseewhatwashappening.A.orB.thoughC.butD.so6.---________isthemodelplanemadeof?---It’smadeofusedwoodandglass.A.WhatB.WhenC.WhoD.Where7.Billisverypopularandheis_____________studentintheclass.A.outgoingB.moreoutgoingC.mostoutgoingD.themostoutgoing8.---_________youpleasebuyanewspaperforme?---Sure.A.CouldB.MustC.NeedD.May9.Bob________alotsincewemetlastyear.A.changesB.changedC.haschangedD.willchange10.TheInternationalKiteFestival_______inWeifangeveryyear.A.holdsB.heldC.isheldD.washeld(附：6-10，2015年海淀區(qū)九年級英語期中考試試題)二、翻譯(根據(jù)中文提示完成句子)11.經(jīng)常做實(shí)驗(yàn)，對我們學(xué)習(xí)理科有好處。Doingexperimentsregularly________________ourstudyonscience.12.乘車時(shí)我總是將座位讓給需要的人。Ialways______________________________anyonewhoneedsthemonthebus.13.我認(rèn)為參加課外活動很重要。Ithink________________________________theafter-classactivities.14.蕓蕓父母的身體不好。她既要上學(xué)還要幫助他們做家務(wù)。Yunyun’sparentsareinpoorhealth.She_________________goestoschool___________helpsherparentsdothehousework.15.我給同學(xué)們展示如何打籃球。I____________________________playbasketball.三、翻譯下列句子16.Thesediscoveriesweren’tmadeeasily._______________________________________________________________________17.It’sanhonortobeheretonightaswepresenttheaward._______________________________________________________________________18.Now,let’sgiveawarmroundofapplausetoourchairman._______________________________________________________________________19.我認(rèn)為我需要更耐心點(diǎn)才能完成這件事。_______________________________________________________________________20.看到新生命誕生，真是件令人高興的事。_______________________________________________________________________四、完形填空AnImperfectPaintingMyparentsalwayswantedmetobe“ontop”,sofromearlyonIhadthe21tobethebestineverything,fromgettingthehighestscoreinaspellingtesttorunningfastestinarace.Inmiddleschool,Irealizedhowmanyothersmarterandfasterpeopletherewere,Itbecame22thatIwasnotthebestanymore,butmyparentsstillheldontotheirhopeandforcedmetotryhard.Totheirdisappointment,Ibecamelessconfidentanddidn’twanttoworkharderbecause,tome,therewasnopointinmakinganymore23ifIwasunabletobenumberone.Mygradesbegantofall;Ineverpracticedthepiano;I24painting.Itwasallbecausemotivation(動力）todoanythinghaddroppedmuch.Whenhighschoolstarted,Iwasatanewschoolinanewcity.I25togetbackmymotivationandstartover.SoIpickedupmyeverfavoritehobbyagainandenrolled(報(bào)名)myselfintheartcourse,26ourartteacher,Mr.Grady,gaveusmorefreedomwithourartprojects.Hewouldalwaysencourageustorealizeourpotential(潛力).Myfirstpaintingwassimplyabeesittingonasunflower,Itriedmybest,butstillfoundithardtofeelsatisfiedwithit.Iknewitwasnot27andcouldhardlygetagoodgrade.ButIshowedittoMr.Grady.Hedidn’t28itinarush.Instead,hegavemeadvicewhichonlymotivatedmetoworkharderonit.ForthefirsttimeIwashappywiththe29ofmypaintingratherthandisappointedaboutitsimperfection.Ifinishedalltheotherprojectswithhighergrades,butIhungthefirstpaintinginmyroomattheendoftheterm.Myparentsthought30metobenumberonewouldmotivateme.Instead,itdiscouragedmemuchwhenIwasnotnumberone,forIhadgonetoschoolonlytogetagrade,notknowledge,letaloneprogress.Actually,itisokaynottobethebestateverythingaslongasyoucontinuetotryyourbest.21.A.ability B.chance C.goal D.way22.A.strange B.obvious C.acceptable D.impossible23.A.efforts B.choices C.promises D.wishes24.A.regretted B.considered C.continued D.stopped25.A.failed B.refused C.decided D.waited26.A.Naturally B.Similarly C.Normally D.Luckily27.A.famous B.modern C.perfect D.special28.A.name B.grade C.hang D.finish29.A.progress B.meaning C.style D.title 30.A.instructing B.helping C.encouraging D.pushing五、閱讀理解AWhatwouldhappenifyoutriedtoblowasoapbubbleinfreezingweather?Woulditfreezesolid(固體)andfalltotheground?Wouldyouhavetohitittobreakit?Thesequestionshappenedtomeonacoldwinterday.Itwastoocoldtoplayinthesnow,butitwasaperfecttimetoexperimentwithblowingfrozenbubbles.Toblowfrozenbubbles,Iuseddishwashingsoapandadropofglycerin（甘油）tomakeitevenbetter.Ichoseaplaceoutofthewind,andblewbubblesthesamewayIalwaysdo.Iwatchedtoseewhatwouldhappen.Here’swhatIlearned.Ifthetemperatureislowenough,theskinofthebubblesfrostsover(結(jié)霜),becomingcloudyinsteadofclear.Andwhataboutthoserainbowswirls（旋轉(zhuǎn)）youseeinsoapbubbles?Therainbowcolorsstayevenwhenthebubblesfrost,buttheydon’tswirlanymore.Thebubblesstillstayintheair.Theydon’tfalltothegroundanyfasterthantheywouldonawarmsummerday.Whenthesefrozenbubblesbreak,theydon’tturnintosmallwaterdropsassummerbubblesdo.Theyturnintoflashingrainbowconfetti（碎屑）andmoveslowlytotheground.Sometimesafrozenbubblewillrollacrossthesnowwithoutbreaking.Ifnothingdisturbsthebubble,itmaystaythereforalongtime.SometimesIcouldcatchabubbleandholdituntiltheheatofmyhandmadeitpop.Ilearnedanotherthingaboutblowingfrozenbubbles.It’ssointerestingthatIwanttotryitagainnextyear.31.Itistheperfecttimetoblowfrozenbubblesona___________day.A.coldwinter B.warmspringC.hotsummer D.sunnyautumn32.Whenthefrozenbubblesbreak,_________.A.theymakeabigsoundB.theyturnintosmalldropsC.theyfalltothegroundlikerainD.theybecomerainbowconfetti33.Thepurposeofthepassageis_______.A.tolearnhowtodoascienceexperiment B.toshowtheexperimentofblowingfrozenbubblesC.todiscovergamesthatarefuntoplayinthesnow D.toinventanewkindofsoapthatmakesstrongerbubblesBMichelle,afamouslady,hasfoundthatmorethan25%studentsaretoofatinhercountry.Itisaveryseriousproblem.Soshestartsahealthprogramtodealwithit.Thehealthprogramistoreducetheamount(數(shù)量)of