2023-2024學(xué)年上海市浦東新區(qū)高一年級(jí)下冊(cè)期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷含詳解

浦東新區(qū)2023學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期中教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)

高一英語(yǔ)試卷

(時(shí)間為90分鐘)

I.GrammarandVocabulary20%

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.For

theblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useoneword

thatbestfitseachblank.

In1831,a22-year-oldEnglishbiologistcalledCharlesDarwinboardedtheHMSBeagleinPlymouthandsetoffonan

incrediblevoyage.Hisaimwastoobservethenaturalworldinplaces1hadnotbeenstudiedinmuchdetail.

Almost200yearslater,anothermission,theDarwin200,hasinvitedateamofconservationiststoretracebacktheBeagle5s

journey.

HMSBeagle'smissionwastomaptheharboursofSouthAmerica.Darwinwasinvitedalong2(survey)the

naturalworld.HisobservationsontheGalapagosIslands,around560milesoffthecoastofEcuador,changedthewayDarwin

sawnature,3(lead)toDarwin'smostfamouswork:histheoryofevolution(進(jìn)化論).Thisexplained

4specieschangeovertimetoadapttotheirenvironments,aprocesscallednaturalselection.Ithasbeendescribed

as"5(big)singleideainthehistoryofhumanthought”.

WhatisDarwin200'smission?TheDarwin200ship6(sail)morethan40,000milesandstopat32portsin

fourcontinents.Specially7(choose)conservationistswilljoinatdifferentstagesforaweekeachtocarryout

wildlifestudies.8thejourney,theship'screwwillmakefilmsthatexplainCharlesDarwin'sdiscoveries.

TheDarwin200teamwilltravelina50-metre-longDutchsailingshipcalledOosterschelde,which9(build)

in1918andhasbeenrestoredfullyforthisvoyage.Theship'scaptainsaid,"Shehassailedthedistancefromheretothe

Moonandbacktwice!10Imayhandlethemostdifficultsituations,Itrusthertobringmebackhomesafely.^^

TheshipisduetoreachtheGalapagosIslandsinApril2025

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereis

onewordmorethanyouneed.

A.attackingB.beatenC.bitesD.dignityE.diverseF.

emotional

G.exhibitingH.linkI.literatureJ.strengthK.struggles

Hemingway'sTheOldManandtheSeaisthesimplestoryofanoldCubanfishermanwhoundergoesthemostdifficult

struggleofhislife.Inthetitlecharacter,Santiago,HemingwaydescribesoneofthemostdistinguishedexamplesinAmerican

11ofanindividuallookingdeepwithintoworkupthecouragenecessarytogetthroughtheachievementsandsad

eventsthatlifepresents.

Aloneonthesea,Santiagocontinuously12tofindhopeinseveralseeminglyhopelesssituations.Theoldman

illustratesHemingway'sidealof13"graceunderpressure”,asherefusestogiveintotheenormousobstacles（障

礙）presentedbythesea.Relyingonmemoriesofhisyouth,Santiagofindsthe14tophysicallyandemotionally

carryonthroughoutthestory.

Aftercatchingthegreatmarlin（馬林魚）Santiagorealizesheisunabletoquicklykillthefish,anditproceedstopull

himfartherouttosea.Yet,throughoutthebattlebetweenmanandfishtheoldmanbeginstorecognizea（n）15

betweenhimandthemarlin,repeatedlyreferringtoitashisbrother.Boththeoldmanandthefishareonlyinsignificant

amongthe16creaturesatsea,joinedtogetherbythefactthattheyareatthemercyofthesea.

Thefish,therefore,changesfrommerelybeingSantiago'sprey（獵物）intoareflectionoftheoldman's17and

physicalstate.WhenthesharksdamagethedeadmarlinhangingoffthesideoftheboatasSantiagostrugglestosailhome,

theoldmanfightsthemoffasiftheywere18him.Onlywhenthemarlin'sbodyhasbeenentirelyeatenawaydoes

Santiagogiveup,knowinghe"was19nowfinally^^.

Althoughtheoldmanseeminglyfailsoncethesharksstealhisprizefish,theycannottakeawaythefactthatSantiago

hasdonetheunthinkablebystayingwithandcatchingafish"biggerthanhehadeverheardof\Inspiteofnotsuccessfully

bringingthefishback,Santiagofightswith20—firsttocatchthemarlin,thentoprotecthisfishfromthesharks

一andindoingsodeclareshishumanitybyremainingresilient（堅(jiān)韌的）inthefaceofachievementsandsadevents.

II.ReadingComprehension35%

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,Cand

D.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

5WaystoDetermineWebsiteReliability

Foreverytrustworthywebsite,thereistonsofinformationthat'sinaccurate,unreliableorjustcrazy.Forthe

inexperiencedjournalistorresearcher,suchsitescan21awiderangeofpossibleproblems.Withthatinmind,here

arefivewaystotellifawebsiteis22.

?LookforEstablishedInstitutions

Theinternetisfullofwebsitesthatwere23fiveminutesago.Whatyouwantaresitesassociatedwith

24institutionsthathavebeenaroundforawhileandhaveaproventrackrecordofreliability.Suchsitesmayinclude

thoserunbygovernmentagencies,nonprofitorganizationoruniversities.

?ConsultSiteswithExpertise（專門知識(shí)）

Youwouldn'tgotothehospitaltohaveyourcarrepaired.Thisisanobviouspoint:25websitesthatspecialize

inthekindofinformationyou'reseeking.26.ifyou'rewritingastoryonafluoutbreak,checkoutmedicalwebsites,

suchasTheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.

?27CommercialSites

Sitesrunbycompaniesandbusiness——theirwebsitesusuallyendin.com-areoftentryingtosellyousomething.And

ifthey'retryingtosellyousomething,chancesarewhateverinformationthey'representingwillbetilted（偏向）28

theirproduct.Thafsnottosaycommercialsitesshouldbe29entirely.Butbecautious.

?Checkthe30

Asareporter,youneedthemostup-to-dateinformationavailable,soifawebsiteseemsold,ifsprobablybesttokeep

distancefromit.Onewaytocheck:Lookfora"last31dateonthepageorsite.

?ChecktheLinks

Respected32oftenlinktoeachother.Youcanfindoutwhichotherwebsiteslinktothesiteyou're

researchingbyconductingalink-specificGooglesearch.EnterthefollowingtextintotheGooglesearchfield,

33"[WEBSITE^'withthedomain（域名）ofthesiteyou'reresearching:link:http://www.fWEBSITEJ.com.

Forexample,link:http:〃www上.

Thesearch34willshowyouwhichwebsiteslinktotheoneyou'reresearching.Iflotsofsitesarelinking

toyoursite,andthosesitesseemreliable,thafsagood35.Thenitseemsthatyoudon'tneedtoworryabout

themtoomuch

21.

A.perceiveB.causeC.trackD.confirm

22.

A.flexibleB.informativeC.reliableD.appealing

23.

A.startedB.bannedC.visitedD.evaluated

24.

A.temporaryB.accessibleC.existingD.trusted

25.

A.SetupB.CommunicatewithC.LookforD.Investin

26.

A.HoweverB.ContrarilyC.InadditionD.Forexample

27.

A.AvoidB.GreetC.NoticeD.Run

28.

A.inplaceofB.inresistancetoC.infavourofD.onbehalfof

29

A.consideredB.screenedC.assessedD.refreshed

30.

A.SiteB.JournalistC.SourceD.Date

31.

A.updatedB.registeredC.spottedD.clicked

32.

A.fieldsB.companiesC.textsD.websites

33.

A.illustratingB.replacingC.connectingD.searching

34.

AteamsB.firmsC.resultsD.authorities

35.

A.signB.reputationC.journalD.product

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinished

statements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbest

accordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

A

In2008,amanwholivedinDetroitnamedJerroldFoke,whomeveryonecalled“UncleJerrold”,cameupwithan

unusualidea.Fokehadrealizedthatforalongtime,therehadonlybeen26lettersintheEnglishalphabet.Hehadreferred

toanotheralphabet,calledthephoneticalphabet（音標(biāo)字母表）一whichislikeanalphabetforsounds-andcameacross

asymbolthatarousedhisinterest.Itlookslikeanupside-down,lowercase"e"（"o"）andrepresentsthesound,likethe

noiseyoumakewhenyou'reconfused.Itiscalledthe“schwa”.Fokethoughtitmightbetimeforanewlettertobeadded.

JerroldhadagoodreasonforwantingtoaddanewlettertotheEnglishalphabet.HethoughtthatifEnglishgotanew

letter,thenpeoplemightbeabletomakenewwords.Hereasonedthatifpeoplemadenewwords,theymightbeableto

communicatebetter.

Jerroldbegantellingeveryoneheknewabouttheschwa.Herequestedthatfriendshelphimmakenewwordsusingthe

schwa.Peoplewouldusetheschwatomakean"uh"soundintheword.Hisfriendsthoughtthiswasaprettygoodidea.

JerroldlivedinahotelindowntownDetroit.Everyday,whenhewentdowntothelobby（大廳）someoneheknew

wouldtellhimanewwordhe'dmade.Inanefforttospreadtheschwastillfarther,Jerroldbegantospendsomeofhisdays

standinginCampusMartiusPlaza,withasignthatsaid"Haveyouheardabouttheschwa?”Helikedtosharesomeofthe

wordsheandhisfriendshadmade,andtheninvitethesepeopletomaketheirownschwa-basedwords.Somepeopledidso

enthusiastically,whileothersweremoredoubtfulabouttheschwa'spotential.WhenpeopleaskedJerroldwheretheschwa

shouldgointhealphabet,he'dalwayssay,“Inthefront.^^Whenpeopleaskedhimwhy,he'dsay,"'Becausethafswhereit

belongs.99

BecauseofJerrold'swork,peoplewereencouragedtomaketheirownwords,whetherusingtheschwaornot.Hisgoal

ofincreasingcommunicationbetweendifferentpeopleremainedonethatwasgreatlyvalued.

36.Accordingtothepassage,Jerrolcfsunusualideawasto

A.developaninterestinlanguageB.makeaconfusingnoiseinpublic

C.introduceanewwordtohisfriendD.addalettertotheEnglishalphabet

37.Jerroldencouragedpeopletousetheschwamainlybecause

A.itwouldcatchoninEnglandverysoonB.peoplewerereluctanttomakenewwords

C.itmightallowpeopletocommunicatebetterD.therewerethingsforwhichEnglishhadnoword

38.Jerrold'sworkcanbedescribedas

A.valuelessB.confusingC.inspiringD.unreasonable

Throughouthistory,humanshavecomeupwithwaystoentertainthemselvesusingobjectssuchascards,counters,and

boards.Overthousandsofyears,thesehaveevolved（進(jìn)化）intothegamesweknowtoday,fromtraditionalsetswithsimple

rulesandbasicpieces,allthewaytomodernelectronicconsoles（seethepictureattachedontheright-handside）with

advancedtechnologyandlifelikeinteractivegraphics（圖形）.

StrategygameChess

WhereAsiaWhenc.600AD

Manycountriesclaimtohaveinventedchessbutoneforerimnerofthegameappearedin

Indiainthe7thcentury.Overthecenturieschesshasevolvedandspreadacrosstheglobe,

becomingoneofthemostpopularstrategygames.Itisplayedwithtwoplayerswhotake

turnstomove16piecestoattackeachother?sking.Theaimistotrapthekinginto

checkmate（將死），sothatitcannotmovetosafety.

CardgameChineseplayingcards

WhereChinaWhen9thcenturyAD

TheearliestknownplayingcardsarebelievedtohaveoriginatedinChinaduringtheTang

Dynasty,thoughhowgameswiththesecardswereplayedisnotknowntoday.Themodern

packof52playingcards,withVhearts,全spades,?diamonds,and喙clubs,developedmuch

later,inFranceduringthe15thcentury.

WordgameCrossword

WhereUSWhen1913

ThefirstcrosswordpuzzlewaspublishedintheSundaysupplement（土曾干Ll）oftheNewYork

Worldnewspaper.Aseriesofwrittenclueshelptheplayercompleteagrid（方格）of

horizontalandverticalmissingwords.Crosswordsarenotonlyentertaining,butalso

expandvocabularyandaidbraindevelopment.

39Whichofthefourchoicesbestmatchesthepictureontheright?

D.

40.Theunderlinedword"fbrerunner“inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto.

A.followerB.pioneerC.winnerD.loser

41.Thepassageislikelytobeanexcerptfrom.

A.CulturesofAsiaB.PlayingGames

C.20th-centuryFashionD.ScientificInspiration

C

IstartedparticipatinginstudentjournalismwhenIwasinhighschool.AndwhenIstarted,Ireallyjustsawmyarticles

asmorefunversionsoftheacademicessaysIwaswritingeverydayinclass.Itwasn'treallyuntilanarticleIwroteinMarch

2020,thatIreallyunderstoodthepowerofexpressingmyvoicethroughjournalism,andtheuniqueappealandresponsibility

ofbeingbothastudentandajournalist.

Mostofthethingsreportedoninstudentpublicationsdirectlyorindirectlyaffectthejournalistswritingaboutthem.This

differsfrommainstreampublications（干U物），whooftenhavetheprivilege（特權(quán)）toobjectivelycoverthingsthattheyhave

noconnectionwith.Studentjournalists,ontheotherhand,oftenfindthemselvestryingtoputonadifferent"hat"whenit

comestoreporting,butinmyeyespartofthemagicofbeingastudentjournalististhatdespiteputtingonadifferent"hat",

ifsstillthesameyou.

Weknowwhatisimportanttoreportonbecauseweareconstantlysurroundedbythestudentvoice.AnIrishTimesor

Independentreporterwouldneverknowabouttheburdenofhighrents,orwhysomanycampusspacesarenotaccessible,or

feelthefearsofexaminationchangesinlightofartificialintelligence.Studentsknowwhatstudentscareabout,andwhat

issuesaren'tgettingtheattentiontheydeserve.

I'vealwaysbeendrawntocommentarticles,particularlybecauseit'saplaceIfeelmyvoiceholdsaspecialsignificance,

andonewheremywordsandmyarticlescometogethertorepresentme.Opinionpiecesareunique,inthattheyaretheonly

articleformatthatdoesn'thavetobeentirelyobjective.I,andmanyothercommentwritersIchatto,findthisfreeing.It'sa

relaxingexperiencetoworkoutanimportantissuefromyourownviewpointandevenwithyourownfrustration（挫敗、失

意）orpraise,anditfeelsespeciallypersonal.

Weneedtoprotectstudentjournalists,butwealsoneedtoexpandthefieldwecancoverinstudentjournalism.The

studentvoiceispowerfulbecauseitisdiverse,andit'scriticaltoreflecttheirvoice.Thepressalsohasanimportantrolein

defendingitself.Freedomofinformationisoneofthemostsacred（神圣的）thingswehave,andonethatweasstudentsneed

toprotect.

42.Howarestudentjournalistsdifferentfromthemainstreampublications?

A.Theycanhardlyidentifyissuesrelevanttopeers.

B.Theyhaveanobjectiveviewpointontheissues.

C.Theyreportonissuesdirectlyaffectingthem.

D.Theyprioritizeobjectivityoverotherthings

43.Thewritermostlikelyagreesthat.

A.studentvoicemayalwaysleadustomakingunfairjudgments

B.studentreporterscankeeptheirindividualitywhenplayingvariousroles

C.studentarticlesofferanentertainingtwistontraditionalacademicessays

D.studentjournalistsshouldfocusonthetopicswithintheirprofessionalfields

44.BygivingtheexampleofAnIrishTimes,thewriterintendsto.

A.informreadersofthehighrents

Battachimportancetostudentvoice

C.praisemainstreammediafortheirefforts

Dbringupthetopicofartificialintelligence

45.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Freedomofspeechandthepress

B.Theimportanceofstudentjournalism

C.Theresponsibilityofmainstreammedia

D.Embracingthediversityofstudentvoice

HI.Translation10%

Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.

46.每當(dāng)有人靠近這只寵物貓，它就會(huì)跑進(jìn)草叢躲起來(lái)。（whenever）（漢譯英）

47.這兩座古鎮(zhèn)在歷史和文化方面大相徑庭。（common）（漢譯英）

48.圖表顯示，該城市發(fā)展速度快得驚人，但收入不平等和失業(yè)問(wèn)題日趨顯著。（alarming）（漢譯英）

IV.GuidedWriting15%

49.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.

假設(shè)你是明啟中學(xué)高一學(xué)生李華，最近你發(fā)現(xiàn)在體育鍛煉期間，很多同學(xué)在學(xué)習(xí)或聊天，并沒(méi)有進(jìn)行體育鍛煉，請(qǐng)

你寫一封郵件給學(xué)生會(huì)，信件必須包含以下內(nèi)容：

1.簡(jiǎn)要描述該現(xiàn)象；

2.談?wù)勀愕挠^點(diǎn)；

3.給出合理建議和理由。

浦東新區(qū)2023學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期中教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)

高一英語(yǔ)試卷

(時(shí)間為90分鐘)

I.GrammarandVocabulary20%

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.For

theblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useoneword

thatbestfitseachblank.

In1831,a22-year-oldEnglishbiologistcalledCharlesDarwinboardedtheHMSBeagleinPlymouthandsetoffonan

incrediblevoyage.Hisaimwastoobservethenaturalworldinplaces1hadnotbeenstudiedinmuchdetail.

Almost200yearslater,anothermission,theDarwin200,hasinvitedateamofconservationiststoretracebacktheBeagle5s

journey.

HMSBeagle'smissionwastomaptheharboursofSouthAmerica.Darwinwasinvitedalong2(survey)the

naturalworld.HisobservationsontheGalapagosIslands,around560milesoffthecoastofEcuador,changedthewayDarwin

sawnature,3(lead)toDarwin'smostfamouswork:histheoryofevolution(進(jìn)化論).Thisexplained

4specieschangeovertimetoadapttotheirenvironments,aprocesscallednaturalselection.Ithasbeendescribed

as"5(big)singleideainthehistoryofhumanthought”.

WhatisDarwin200'smission?TheDarwin200ship6(sail)morethan40,000milesandstopat32portsin

fourcontinents.Specially7(choose)conservationistswilljoinatdifferentstagesforaweekeachtocarryout

wildlifestudies.8thejourney,theship'screwwillmakefilmsthatexplainCharlesDarwin'sdiscoveries.

TheDarwin200teamwilltravelina50-metre-longDutchsailingshipcalledOosterschelde,which9(build)

in1918andhasbeenrestoredfullyfbrthisvoyage.Theship'scaptainsaid,"Shehassailedthedistancefromheretothe

Moonandbacktwice!10Imayhandlethemostdifficultsituations,Itrusthertobringmebackhomesafely.^^

TheshipisduetoreachtheGalapagosIslandsinApril2025

【答案】1that##which

2.tosurvey

3.leading4.how##that

5.thebiggest

6.willsail

7.chosen8.During##In##On##Throughout##Through

9.wasbuilt

10.Eventhough##Evenif

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了1831年，青年生物學(xué)家達(dá)爾文隨貝格爾號(hào)起航，探索未知自然世界。

200年后，”達(dá)爾文200”項(xiàng)目重啟旅程，追尋進(jìn)化論起源，旨在通過(guò)環(huán)球科考促進(jìn)生態(tài)保護(hù)。

【1題詳解】

考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：他的目的是觀察那些之前沒(méi)有被詳細(xì)研究過(guò)的地區(qū)的自然世界。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引

導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞places,先行詞指物，在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞that或which引導(dǎo)。

故填that/whicho

【2題詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：達(dá)爾文被邀請(qǐng)一同前往考察自然世界。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處需要?jiǎng)釉~不定式作目的

狀語(yǔ)。故填tosurvey。

【3題詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他在距離厄瓜多爾海岸約560英里的加拉帕戈斯群島上的觀察改變了達(dá)爾文對(duì)自然的看

法，導(dǎo)致了達(dá)爾文最著名的作品：他的進(jìn)化論。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處需要非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意

可知，動(dòng)詞lead與上文的內(nèi)容之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，此處需要現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表示意料之中的結(jié)果。故填

leadingo

【4題詳解】

考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：這解釋了物種如何隨著時(shí)間的推移適應(yīng)環(huán)境而發(fā)生變化，這一過(guò)程被稱為自然選擇。（這解釋

了物種是隨著時(shí)間的推移而變化以適應(yīng)它們的環(huán)境的，這一過(guò)程被稱為自然選擇。）分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓

語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，賓語(yǔ)從句可以用how引導(dǎo)，表示“解釋了物種是如何隨著時(shí)間的推移適應(yīng)環(huán)境而發(fā)生變化

的”；賓語(yǔ)從句也可以用that引導(dǎo)，說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)從句中不缺少成分，句意完整，表示“解釋了物種是隨著時(shí)間的推移

而變化以適應(yīng)它們的環(huán)境的"。故填how/that

【5題詳解】

考查形容詞的最高級(jí)。句意：它被描述為“人類思想史上最大的單一思想"。根據(jù)"inthehistoryofhuman

thought"可知，達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化論被認(rèn)為是人類思想史上最大的單一思想。所以空處需要形容詞的最高級(jí)。形容詞

的最高級(jí)前需要加定冠詞the。故填thebiggest

【6題詳解】

考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：Darwin200號(hào)船將航行超過(guò)40,000英里，并在四大洲的32個(gè)港口?？俊７治鼍渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)可知，空

處為句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此句描述未來(lái)計(jì)劃，應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故填willsail。

【7題詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：特別挑選的環(huán)保主義者將在不同階段加入，每人進(jìn)行一周的野生動(dòng)物研究。分析句子結(jié)

構(gòu)可知，空處需要非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾后面的名詞。該動(dòng)詞和修飾的名詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞

作定語(yǔ)。故填chosen。

【8題詳解】

考查介詞。句意:在旅途中，船員們將制作解釋查爾斯?達(dá)爾文發(fā)現(xiàn)的影片。這里需要介詞“During”或“Throughout”，

表示“在…期間”，符合語(yǔ)境。也可以用介詞on,in或者through,表示“在這次旅行中”。故填

During/In/On/Throughout/Through。

【9題詳解】

考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：Darwin200團(tuán)隊(duì)將乘坐一艘名為Oosterschelde的50米長(zhǎng)的荷蘭帆船旅行，該船建于1918

年，為了這次航行已經(jīng)完全修復(fù)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在定語(yǔ)從句中作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in1918可

知，該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，所以句子為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。Which指代“a50-metre-longDutchsailingship”在定語(yǔ)從句中

作主語(yǔ)，所以該動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。綜上所述，句子使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)。故填

wasbuilto

【10題詳解】

考查連詞。句意：即使我可能面臨最艱難的情況，我也相信她能帶我安全回家。根據(jù)句意可知，空處引導(dǎo)讓步狀

語(yǔ)，表示“即使我可能，面臨最艱難的情況，我也相信她能帶我安全回家”，所以用eventhough/if“盡管”，符

合語(yǔ)境。故填Eventhough/if。

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereis

onewordmorethanyouneed.

A.attackingB.beatenC.bitesD.dignityE.diverseF.

emotional

G.exhibitingH.linkI.literatureJ.strengthK.struggles

Hemingway'sTheOldManandtheSeaisthesimplestoryofanoldCubanfishermanwhoundergoesthemostdifficult

struggleofhislife.Inthetitlecharacter,Santiago,HemingwaydescribesoneofthemostdistinguishedexamplesinAmerican

11ofanindividuallookingdeepwithintoworkupthecouragenecessarytogetthroughtheachievementsandsad

eventsthatlifepresents.

Aloneonthesea,Santiagocontinuously12tofindhopeinseveralseeminglyhopelesssituations.Theoldman

illustratesHemingway'sidealof13"graceunderpressure”,asherefusestogiveintotheenormousobstacles（障

礙）presentedbythesea.Relyingonmemoriesofhisyouth,Santiagofindsthe14tophysicallyandemotionally

carryonthroughoutthestory.

Aftercatchingthegreatmarlin（馬林魚）Santiagorealizesheisunabletoquicklykillthefish,anditproceedstopull

himfartherouttosea.Yet,throughoutthebattlebetweenmanandfishtheoldmanbeginstorecognizea（n）15

betweenhimandthemarlin,repeatedlyreferringtoitashisbrother.Boththeoldmanandthefishareonlyinsignificant

amongthe16creaturesatsea,joinedtogetherbythefactthattheyareatthemercyofthesea.

Thefish,therefore,changesfrommerelybeingSantiago5sprey（獵物）intoareflectionoftheoldman's17and

physicalstate.WhenthesharksdamagethedeadmarlinhangingoffthesideoftheboatasSantiagostrugglestosailhome,

theoldmanfightsthemoffasiftheywere18him.Onlywhenthemarlin'sbodyhasbeenentirelyeatenawaydoes

Santiagogiveup,knowinghe"was19nowfinally^^.

Althoughtheoldmanseeminglyfailsoncethesharksstealhisprizefish,theycannottakeawaythefactthatSantiago

hasdonetheunthinkablebystayingwithandcatchingafish“biggerthanhehadeverheardof'.Inspiteofnotsuccessfully

bringingthefishback,Santiagofightswith20—firsttocatchthemarlin,thentoprotecthisfishfromthesharks

——andindoingsodeclareshishumanitybyremainingresilient（堅(jiān)韌的）inthefaceofachievementsandsadevents.

【答案】H.I12.K

13.G14.J

15.H16.E

17.F18.A

19.B20.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了海明威的《老人與?！返墓适聝?nèi)容和體現(xiàn)出的精神。

【11題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：海明威筆下的主人公圣地亞哥是美國(guó)文學(xué)史上最杰出的人物之一，他深刻地審視自己的內(nèi)心，

鼓起必要的勇氣，克服生活中的成就和不幸。根據(jù)"Inthetitlecharacter,Santiago,Hemingwaydescribesoneofthe

mostdistinguishedexamples??以及句意“文學(xué)”可知，應(yīng)填名詞literature,作賓語(yǔ)，不可數(shù)。故選I。

【12題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞。句意：圣地亞哥獨(dú)自在海上，在幾個(gè)看似絕望的情況下不斷努力尋找希望。根據(jù)“tofindhopein

severalseeminglyhopelesssituations以及句意“努力”可知，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞struggle,根據(jù)后文illustrates可知，應(yīng)用一

般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為Santiago,謂語(yǔ)用三單形式。故選K。

【13題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這位老人體現(xiàn)了海明威提出“壓力下的優(yōu)雅”的理想，因?yàn)樗芙^向大海帶來(lái)的巨大障礙屈

服。根據(jù)"graceunderpressure??以及句意“提出”可知，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞exhibit,作介詞的賓語(yǔ)應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。故選

Go

【14題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：憑借對(duì)年輕時(shí)代的回憶，圣地亞哥找到了在身體和情感上繼續(xù)整個(gè)故事的力量。根據(jù)“to

physicallyandemotionallycarryonthroughoutthestory以及句意“力量”可知，應(yīng)填名詞strength,作賓語(yǔ)，不可

數(shù)。故選J。

【15題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：然而，在人與魚之間的戰(zhàn)斗中，老人開始意識(shí)到他和馬林魚之間的聯(lián)系，一再把它稱為他的兄

弟。根據(jù)abetweenhimandthemarlin,repeatedlyreferringtoitashisbrother以及句意“聯(lián)系”可知，應(yīng)填名詞

link,作賓語(yǔ)，不定冠詞提示，應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故選H。

【16題詳解】

考查形容詞。句意：老人和魚在海洋中各種各樣的生物中都是微不足道的，因?yàn)樗鼈兪艽蠛５臄[布而聯(lián)系在一

起。根據(jù)uBoththeoldmanandthefishareonlyinsignificantamong以及句意“各種各樣的”可知，應(yīng)填形容詞

diverse,作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞creatures。故選E。

【17題詳解】

考查形容詞。句意：因此，這條魚從僅僅是圣地亞哥的獵物變成了老人情緒和身體狀態(tài)的反映。根據(jù)“and

physicalstate以及句意“情緒”可知，應(yīng)填形容詞emotional,作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞state。故選F。

【18題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)圣地亞哥掙扎著航行回家時(shí)，鯊魚傷害了掛在船邊的死馬林魚，老人把它們擊退了，好像它

們?cè)诠羲粯?。根?jù)^theoldmanfightsthemoffasiftheywere?,以及句意“攻擊”可知，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞attack,根據(jù)

上文were可知，應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選A。

【19題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞。句意：直到馬林魚的身體完全被吃掉了，圣地亞哥才放棄，因?yàn)樗雷约骸敖K于被打敗了”。根據(jù)

“Onlywhenthemarlin'sbodyhasbeenentirelyeatenawaydoesSantiagogiveup”以及句意"打敗”可矢口，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞

beat,結(jié)合was可知，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選B。

【20題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：盡管沒(méi)能成功地把魚帶回來(lái)，但圣地亞哥還是很有尊嚴(yán)地戰(zhàn)斗著一一首先是為了抓住馬林魚，

然后是為了保護(hù)他的魚不受鯊魚的傷害一一在這樣做的過(guò)程中，面對(duì)成就和悲傷的事件，他仍然保持著堅(jiān)韌的精

神，這表明了他的人性o根據(jù)"byremainingresilientinthefaceofachievementsandsadevents以及句意“尊嚴(yán)”

可知，應(yīng)填名詞d