2025版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)新題精練專題四語(yǔ)法填空考點(diǎn)1謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一課件

考點(diǎn)1謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(一)過(guò)考點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)小題輕松快攻訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃:時(shí)態(tài)5個(gè),語(yǔ)態(tài)1個(gè),時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致5個(gè),時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致4個(gè),構(gòu)詞規(guī)律1個(gè)1ThediscoveryofthehardsurfacesuggeststhattheplainonMars

(have)activewatercirclesmillionsofyearsago.

2ItwasthefirsttimethatI

(come)acrosssuchadifficultmathproblem.

3Undoubtedly,thisbookismyfavoriteoneamongthebooksthatI

(read)sofar.

4Ginashared,"Iwillridemyoldbikeandcarrymyluggage,which

(weigh)over30kg."

5Fourclassicalplays,includingThe

Peony

Pavilion,

(update)andrestoredinthepastfewyears.6Yoursocialmediaaccountmight

(close)bythecompanyifyouhaven'tloggedinformorethansixmonths.

7It'ssaidthat,tosavetimeforcontrollingfloods,Dayu,agreatrulerinancientChina,

(eat)hotfoodwithsticks.

8Thecompanyplansto

(strength)itspositionastheleaderindigitaltechnologybydevelopingnewproducts.

9Researcherssupposethataboutfourdecadesagoseverebleaching(白化)

(occur)roughlyevery25years,givingthecoraltimetorecover.

10ProjectHope,which

(found)bytheChinaYouthDevelopmentFoundationin1989,isdevotedtohelpingpoorchildrengeteducation.

11Bytheendof2020,Ningxia

(grow)over510,000hectaresofforest,increasingtheforestcoverageratefrom8.4percentin2000to15.8percent.

12Chabaixi,anancientChineseteatrick,hadbeenlistedaspartofChina'sIntangibleCulturalHeritage(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))beforethetechnique

(display)inahitTVdrama.

13Yethowthewaterlily'sleavesareabletogrowaslargeas10feetacross,strongenoughtosupporttheweightofasmallchild,

(remain)amysterytillnow.

14Human-wildlifeconflict,referringtodirectinteractionsbetweenhumansandwildlifewithnegativeoutcomes,

(cost)theglobaleconomybillionsofdollarsannually.

15AnewTVserieswhichreflectsthechangeofthehouseholdandlifestyleinhutongsduringthepastsevendecades

(broadcast)onCCTV-8andstreamedviaMangoTVandTencentVideosinceSeptember25.

16TheMuUsDesert

(stretch)about42,200squarekilometresbetweenShaanXiandInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion,lyingnorthoftheGreatWall.InMongolian,"MuUs"meansbarrenlandwherenothingcangrow.

【解析】1.had時(shí)態(tài)此句中suggests表示"暗示,表明",后面的賓語(yǔ)從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,又根據(jù)從句中的"millionsofyearsago"可知,從句描述的事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)?！就卣埂亢蟾e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的動(dòng)詞有:一堅(jiān)持(insist),二命令(order,command)、四建議(suggest,advise,propose,recommend),五要求(demand,request,require,ask,urge)。2.hadcome時(shí)態(tài)此處是固定句式"Itwasthefirsttimethatsb.haddonesth.",故空處應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。3.haveread時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致空處在that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中作謂語(yǔ),根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)sofar可知,空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),且從句主語(yǔ)為I,故填haveread。

【知識(shí)拓展】

一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法區(qū)別一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是兩種特別容易混淆的時(shí)態(tài),也是高考考查的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn),它們的用法區(qū)別如下:一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常與yesterday,theotherday,justnow等連用;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響或表示從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作,常與"since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)""for+時(shí)間段"以及sofar,uptonow,in/during/overthepast/lastfewdays等連用。注意以下固定句式:①Itistimethatsb.didsth.是某人做某事的時(shí)候了。②Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段+since從句(從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí))自……以來(lái)已經(jīng)有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。③It/Thisisthefirst/second/third/...timethatsb.have/hasdonesth.這是某人第一/第二/第三/……次做某事。4.weighs時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致

分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處在定語(yǔ)從句中作謂語(yǔ),此處描述的是客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);which在從句中作主語(yǔ),先行詞為luggage,從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故填weighs。weigh在此作系動(dòng)詞,意為"有……重"?！疽族e(cuò)】部分考生因?qū)eigh的用法掌握不牢而錯(cuò)填isweighed,或受shared干擾錯(cuò)填weighed。5.havebeenupdated時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)inthepastfewyears可知,空處應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句子主語(yǔ)Fourclassicalplays為復(fù)數(shù)形式,且和update之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填havebeenupdated。6.beclosed語(yǔ)態(tài)

語(yǔ)境表示"你的社交媒體賬戶可能會(huì)被公司關(guān)閉",故空處應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),且might為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,故填beclosed?！就卣埂亢星閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為"情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+bedone"。7.ate時(shí)態(tài)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處所填詞作從句的謂語(yǔ),空處所表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去,此處應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故填ate?！揪尽縠at的過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞分別為ate,eaten。8.strengthen動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)詞規(guī)律

plantodosth.為固定用法,空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞形式,故填strengthen。9.occurred時(shí)態(tài)空處在that引導(dǎo)的從句中作謂語(yǔ),根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)"aboutfourdecadesago"可知,此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)?！痉e累】occur變過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞時(shí)要雙寫r再加-ed,變形規(guī)則類似的單詞還有star,refer,stir等。10.wasfounded時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致在which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,空處作謂語(yǔ),由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in1989可知,此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí);which指代先行詞ProjectHope,與found之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);主句主語(yǔ)ProjectHope為專有名詞單數(shù)形式,空處也用單數(shù)形式。故填wasfounded?！疽谆臁縡ind(發(fā)現(xiàn),找到)的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞均為found;found(創(chuàng)辦,建立)的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞均為founded。11.hadgrown時(shí)態(tài)截至2020年底,寧夏已經(jīng)造林超51萬(wàn)公頃,森林覆蓋率從2000年的8.4%提高到15.8%。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Bytheendof2020可知,該句應(yīng)使用過(guò)去完成時(shí),故填hadgrown?！局R(shí)拓展】

過(guò)去完成時(shí)用法小結(jié)(1)表示"過(guò)去的過(guò)去",常見的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:"by+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)""bytheendof+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)""before+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)"等。(2)常用于一些固定句式中,如"hardly/scarcely...when...""nosooner...than...""It/This/Thatwasthefirst/second/...timethatsb.haddonesth."。(3)在虛擬條件句中,表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè),從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。12.wasdisplayed時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致

before是連詞,before前的句子為過(guò)去完成時(shí),那么before后的句子要用一般過(guò)去時(shí);thetechnique和display之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系;thetechnique為第三人稱單數(shù),從句謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。故填wasdisplayed。13.hasremained時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致

分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,"how...smallchild"為主語(yǔ)從句,空處作主句的謂語(yǔ),應(yīng)用單數(shù);根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)tillnow可知,空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填hasremained。14.costs時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致人與野生動(dòng)物的沖突,指的是人類與野生動(dòng)物之間產(chǎn)生負(fù)面后果的直接互動(dòng),每年給全球經(jīng)濟(jì)造成數(shù)十億美元的損失?？仗帪榫渥拥闹^語(yǔ),根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和annually可知,此處描述客觀事實(shí),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),又因主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)名詞,所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。15.hasbeenbroadcast時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致一部反映過(guò)去70年里胡同家庭和生活方式變化的新電視劇自9月25日起在CCTV-8播出,并通過(guò)芒果TV和騰訊視頻播放。句式分析為:AnewTVseries為主語(yǔ),"whichreflectsthe...pastsevendecades"為定語(yǔ)從句,"

(broadcast)"和streamed為并列謂語(yǔ),由and連接,"viaMangoTVandTencentVideo"為方式狀語(yǔ),"sinceSeptember25"為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。由上述分析可知,空處為主句謂語(yǔ),根據(jù)sinceSeptember25可知,空處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),AnewTVseries與broadcast之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),且主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)形式,空處也應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。16.stretches時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致根據(jù)句意和常識(shí)可知,該句描述的是客觀情況,空處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),且主語(yǔ)TheMuUsDesert為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式,故填stretches。過(guò)應(yīng)用語(yǔ)法填空應(yīng)用提高Cloze

1話題:深圳首家咖啡主題的郵局主題語(yǔ)境:人與社會(huì)詞數(shù):約200

難度:★★★☆☆

[2023福建廈門二檢]Shenzhen'sfirstcoffee-themedpostofficeopenedattheScienceandTechnologyParkinNanshanDistrict.Thepostalservicehallisnolongera1

(tradition)one,providinganewscene2

citizenscansocializeandexperiencepostalculture.Postalelementscanbeseeneverywhere,withstamps,postcardsandcakesintheshapesofmailboxes,mailcartsandanold-stylepostmanbicycle3___________(exhibit).

ChinaPosthasbeentryingnewbusinessopportunitiesinrecentyears.4

February2022,thecountry'sfirstcoffee-themedpostofficeopenedinXiamenandquicklybecameahotsearchtopiconmultiplesocialplatforms.Atleast14suchshops?5

(set)upnationwidesofar.In2022,ChinaPostandridehailingcompanyDidiChuxing6

(joint)launchedofflineactivitiessuchas"TakeDiditocoffee-themedpostoffices,"7

carriedoutabookcirculation(流通)planwithOALTY,anoatmilkcompanyfromSweden.ChinaPostalsointroducedmodeslike"tea+coffee"and"daycoffee+nightwine"8 ___

(attract)moreyoungconsumers.

ChinaPost?9

(have)itsuniqueadvantagesindevelopingcoffeeshops:publicdatashowsthatbytheendof2020,therewere54,000postalofficesand43,00010

(deliver)serviceoutlets(網(wǎng)點(diǎn))inChina.Itaimstoopen100suchthemedstoresnationwide.

【解析】

深圳首家咖啡主題的郵局開業(yè)了。中國(guó)郵政最近幾年一直嘗試新的商業(yè)機(jī)遇,以吸引更多的年輕消費(fèi)者。1.traditional形容詞代詞one代指主語(yǔ)Thepostalservicehall,空處作定語(yǔ),修飾one,應(yīng)用形容詞形式,表示"傳統(tǒng)的",故填traditional。2.where定語(yǔ)從句郵政服務(wù)大廳不再是傳統(tǒng)的郵政服務(wù)大廳,它為市民提供了一個(gè)社交和體驗(yàn)郵政文化的新場(chǎng)景?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞scene,并在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故填where。此處的where相當(dāng)于inwhich。3.exhibited過(guò)去分詞郵政元素隨處可見,郵票、明信片,信筒、郵車、老式郵差自行車形狀的蛋糕都被展示出來(lái)。此處為"with+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)"結(jié)構(gòu),根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,動(dòng)詞exhibit與賓語(yǔ)之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,此處表示完成和被動(dòng),故填過(guò)去分詞exhibited。4.In介詞

2022年2月,全國(guó)首家咖啡主題郵局在廈門開業(yè),并迅速成為多個(gè)社交平臺(tái)的熱搜話題。月份前用介詞in。注意首字母要大寫。故填I(lǐng)n。5.havebeenset時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)sofar可知,空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);主語(yǔ)shops為復(fù)數(shù),且與動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)setup之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填havebeenset。6.jointly副詞空處修飾動(dòng)詞launched,應(yīng)用副詞形式,故填jointly。7.and連詞空處連接兩個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)launched和carriedout,所以用并列連詞and。8.toattract動(dòng)詞不定式中國(guó)郵政還推出了"茶咖"和"白咖夜酒"等模式,以吸引更多的年輕消費(fèi)者。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ),故填toattract。9.has時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致中國(guó)郵政在發(fā)展咖啡店方面有其獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì):公開數(shù)據(jù)顯示,截至2020年底,中國(guó)共有5.4萬(wàn)家郵局和4.3萬(wàn)個(gè)遞送服務(wù)網(wǎng)點(diǎn)。此處陳述的是客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),且主語(yǔ)ChinaPost為專有名詞單數(shù)形式,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故填has。10.delivery名詞參見上題解析。deliveryservice表示"遞送服務(wù)",故填delivery。Cloze

2話題:中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)制茶技藝主題語(yǔ)境:人與社會(huì)詞數(shù):約185

難度:★★★★☆

[2023安徽安慶示范高中聯(lián)考]Itisover4,000yearssincetheChinesebegantogrowanddrinktea.Traditionalteaprocessingtechniquesandassociated1

(society)practicesinChinawassuccessfullyaddedtoUNESCO'sRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanityonNovember29th,2022.Thelist?2

(recognize)theknowledge,skillsaswellaspracticeswithregard3

themanagementofteaplantations,pickingoftealeavesandsoon.

Becauseofchangesthatoccurredovertea's4

(extreme)longhistory,thetea-makingprocesshasbecomesocomplicatedtoday5

teamakersfacenumerouschallengesduringtheprocess,dozesofevensmallersteps6

(include).Itusuallytakesabouthalfamonthtocompletethebeginningprocessesandatleastawholemonthonly7

(dry)thetea.

Thesuccessfulapplication,withwhichthisculturalheritage?8

(make)morevisibletothepublicfromnowon,canfurtherhelpimprovetea'sinternationalinfluenceandhelpinbetterprotecting9___________handingdownthetechniquestogetherwithassociatedteaculture.Itwillhelppromoterespectforculturaldiversityand