備考2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)通關(guān)第二部分學(xué)透語法強(qiáng)化動(dòng)詞篇專題三謂語動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)一動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)

考點(diǎn)一動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)下表為動(dòng)詞各種時(shí)態(tài)的形式（以do為例），加粗的為課標(biāo)要求駕馭的十大時(shí)態(tài)，其余了解即可。一般時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)完成時(shí)態(tài)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在do/doesam/is/aredoinghave/hasdonehave/hasbeendoing過去didwas/weredoinghaddonehadbeendoing將來will/shalldowill/shallbedoingwill/shallhavedonewill/shallhavebeendoing過去將來would/shoulddowould/shouldbedoingwould/shouldhavedonewould/shouldhavebeendoing一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（do/does）1.表示常常或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，也可表示現(xiàn)時(shí)的狀況或狀態(tài)等。常用的時(shí)間狀語有always，usually，often，sometimes，everyday等。NewYearinChinesepeople’seyesmeansafamilyreunion.Everyyearsees（see）thelargestannualmassmigrationontheplanetwhenonesixthoftheworld’spopulationtravelshometocelebratewiththeirfamilies.點(diǎn)撥see在此處表示"見證"。2.表示客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理，不受主句的時(shí)態(tài)限制。Thegeographyteachertoldhisstudentsthattheearthmoves（move）aroundthesun.3.在時(shí)間、條件狀語從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。Mymotherwillbeveryangrywithmewhenshefinds（find）outI’mlying.4.be動(dòng)詞及少數(shù)動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞，如come，go，leave，arrive，fly，return，start，begin，open，close，end，stop，depart等，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)，表示按規(guī)定、支配或支配要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Theflighttakes（take）offat8：30everyWednesdayandFriday.二、一般過去時(shí)（did）1.表示過去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與yesterday，lastyear，threeyearsago，theotherday，justnow，then，in1999，atthattime等時(shí)間狀語連用。[2022新高考Ⅱ，63]Hequicklythrew（throw）histoolsaside，andstartedrunning，armsout.2.在表示時(shí)間或條件等的狀語從句中代替過去將來時(shí)。Heknewbythetimehearrived（arrive）shewouldhavepreparedeverythingforhim.3.用于虛擬語氣中，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的行為或狀態(tài)。Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathedid（do）somethinginsteadofjusttalking.三、一般將來時(shí)1."shall/will＋動(dòng)詞原形"表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。"will＋動(dòng)詞原形"還可以表示說話時(shí)臨時(shí)作出的確定。HowlongwillyoustayinShanghai？你將在上海待多久？2."begoingto＋動(dòng)詞原形"表示按支配、準(zhǔn)備要做某事或某種跡象預(yù)示著要發(fā)生某事。Lookatthedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.看那些烏云，要下雨了。3."beto＋動(dòng)詞原形"表示按支配、約定或按職責(zé)、義務(wù)必需做的事或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Iamtopickupmyfriendattheairportthisafternoon.今日下午我要去機(jī)場接摯友。4."beaboutto＋動(dòng)詞原形"表示剛要或即將做某事，不與詳細(xì)的表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用。Workisabouttostartonanewfactorybuilding.新廠房即將動(dòng)工。Agapyearisaboutgainingskillsthatwillhelp（help）youinthefuture.四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（am/is/aredoing）1.表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Sorry，Ican’tsparetimeforthecleaning.Iamplanning（plan）ourscheduleforthebusinesstripnow.2.某些表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如go，come，leave，arrive，start，move等，可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示即將發(fā)生或支配要做的動(dòng)作。Apoliceofficerisgivingalectureonhowtoprotectusfromonlinecrimethisafternoon.一名警官下午將會(huì)做一場關(guān)于如何愛護(hù)我們免遭網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪的講座。五、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（was/weredoing）1.表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常用的時(shí)間狀語有：then，atthattime，atthistimeyesterday等。Timwaswatching（watch）TouchingChinaonCCTVwithhisfamilyatthistimeyesterday.2.表示動(dòng)作在另一個(gè)過去的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)正在進(jìn)行，常與when，while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句連用。Theywereadvancing（advance）alongthepathwhenastreamstoppedthem.3.一些非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去按支配或支配將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常見動(dòng)詞有g(shù)o，come，leave，start，arrive等。Tomhadtopackhisthingsupquickly，becausehewastoldthatthistaxiwasleaving（leave）in2minutes.六、將來進(jìn)行時(shí)（will/shallbedoing）表示將來某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間里正在進(jìn)行或持續(xù)的動(dòng)作。常與at8：00amtomorrow，inthenexttwomonths等時(shí)間狀語連用。Bythetimeyouarrivehome，Iwillbesleeping（sleep）then，sopleasedon’tmakeanynoise.七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（have/hasdone）1.表示過去發(fā)生并已完成的某個(gè)動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，常與yet，already，just，before，recently，lately，ever等時(shí)間狀語連用。Thankstoadvancesintechnology，thewaywemakefriendsandcommunicatewiththemhaschanged（change）significantly.2.表示起先于過去、持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與thesedays，uptonow，sofar，"for＋時(shí)間段"或"since＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)"等連用。[2021浙江，56]Itdoesn’timpresslikeGeorgeWashington’splantationonthePotomac，butLincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfield，Illinois，hasproved/hasproven（prove）irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.3.常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的固定句型：ThisIamnotfamiliarwiththesong—it’sthefirsttimeIhaveheard（hear）it.八、過去完成時(shí)（haddone）1.表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束的動(dòng)作，即"過去的過去"。Beforegettingintothecar，IthoughtIhadlearned/hadlearnt（learn）theinstructor’sorders，butonceIstartedthecar，mymindwentblank.Iforgotwhathehadsaid（say）tomealtogether.2.表示在過去某一時(shí)刻之前已經(jīng)起先，始終持續(xù)到這一過去時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常和for，by，until，before等構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語連用。InBeijing，therehadbeen（be）morethan21，100peopleonthelistbytheendof2017sincethecitystartedabodydonationregistryin1999.3.常用過去完成時(shí)的固定句型：...Myparentswereveryanxiousaboutme，becauseitwasthefirsttimethatIhadlived（live）abroadalone.4.表示"希望、認(rèn)為、準(zhǔn)備"的動(dòng)詞（如hope，want，expect，think，mean，plan，intend等）用過去完成時(shí)表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)。[天津高考，2]Ihadhoped（hope）tosendPeteragifttocongratulatehimonhismarriage，butIcouldn’tmanageit.九、過去將來時(shí)（would/shoulddo）1.表示從過去的某一時(shí)間來看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。過去將來時(shí)常用于賓語從句和間接引語中。Margretpromisedthatshewouldcall（call）uswhenshewentbacktoWashington.2.三種表示過去將來時(shí)的特別結(jié)構(gòu)：wasWeweregoingtohaveabarbecuebuttherainruinedourplan.我們準(zhǔn)備露天燒烤，但因?yàn)橄掠?，支配泡湯了。Isawthesoupwasabouttoboilover，soIturnedthegasoff.我看到湯快要溢出來，所以我關(guān)掉了煤氣。Atcollege，BarackObamadidn’tknowthathewastobecomethefirstAfrican-AmericanpresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.在上高校時(shí)，貝拉克·奧巴馬不知道他將成為美國第一位非洲裔總統(tǒng)。十、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)（have/hasbeendoing）1.表示起先于過去某個(gè)時(shí)間，始終持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且會(huì)接著進(jìn)行下去的動(dòng)作。常與thesedays，recently，lately，inthepast/last＋時(shí)間段，since＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for＋時(shí)間段等連用。[2020天津，2]—Youareagreatswimmer.—Thanks.It’sbecauseIhavebeenpractising（practise）alotthesedays.2.表示到目前為止的一段時(shí)間里始終在反復(fù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Wehavebeenseeingeachotherquitealotrecently.最近我們常常見面。1.ImpressedbythebeautyofadesertbesidetheYellowRiver，WangWeistoppedoffandwrote（write）atimelessclassicpoem："Inthevastdesertrisesstraight，lonelysmoke；thegrand，longriverreflects（reflect）theroundsettingsun."2.Overthepastdecade，aglobalpushtoreducehungerandextremepovertyhasmarked（mark）somesignificantsuccess.3.Itwastimeformetotrymyhand，soItookupthebrush，dipped（dip）itintheink，andcarefullywrote"one"inChinese.4.Whenwereadapoem，weoftenimaginewhatthepoetswerethinking（think）whentheywroteorwhattheyweredoingatthetime.5.ForthepastfourdaysIhavebeentaking（take）partinadisabilityartsfestivalasamemberofachoir（合唱團(tuán)）setupspeciallytoperformatthisfestival.Lookingforwardtothedayofperformance！6.Bythetimehewasfourteenyearsold，Einsteinhadlearned/hadlearnt（learn）advancedmathematicsallbyhimself.7.Ifwekeepondoingthispractice，gradually，wewilllearn（learn）howtoexpressourselvesinEnglishbetter.8.Justinapologizedtohisteacherandpromisedthathewouldcorrect（correct）hismistakes.9.Ihadexpected（expect）