2022年廣東省佛山市高一下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題

2021~2022學(xué)年下學(xué)期佛山市普通高中教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測高一英語第二部分閱讀（共三節(jié)，滿分40分）第二節(jié)閱讀理解（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AFromtheoutside,TaylorSwift—an11-timeGrammyAwardwinnerwith55.5millionmonthlyonlinelisteners—seemstobeusedtosuccess.ButatNewYorkUniversity’sgraduationceremonyinMayof2022,the32-year-oldcountrymusicsinger-songwritertoldherschoolmatesthatherachievementswerereallyaresultofsomethingelse:momentsofrejection(否決).“ThetimesIwastold‘no’orwasn’tincluded,wasn’tchosen,didn’twin-lookingback,itreallyfeelslikethosemomentswereasimportantas.Ifnotmoresignificantthan,themomentsIwastold‘yes.’”Swiftsaid.Swiftsaidthosedepressingmomentsmadeherfeel“hopelesslylonely”growingup,startingataveryyoungage.Asakid,shesaid,shewouldbeangryaboutnotgettinginvitedtosleepovers(在外過夜).Sherememberedconnectingwithmusicmanagersatage13,andbeingtoldthat“only35-year-oldhousewiveslistentocountrymusic.”Herresponsestothosemomentswereimpressive.Aloneinherroom,she’dwritesongs“thatwouldgetmeaticketsomewhereelse.”Shepostedsongsonlineandconnectedwithotherteenagecountryfansonline.Workingonhermusicandherself—insteadofthinkingaboutbeingtold“no”—paidoff.Shesignedadevelopmentdealatage13,hadasongwritingcontractayearlaterandarecordingcontractbyage15,releasedherfirstalbumatage16,andwonfourGrammysatage20in2010.Heradvicetotheclassof2022:Learntolivewiththosediscouragingexperiences.“Myexperiencehasbeenthatmymistakesledtothebestthingsinmylife,”shesaid.“Andbeingembarrassedwhenyoumessup?It’spartofthehumanexperience.Gettingbackup,dustingyourselfoffandseeingwhostillwantstohangoutwithyouafterwardandlaughaboutit,that’sagift.”1.WhatledtohersuccessaccordingtoTaylorSwift?A.Herambitiontowinanaward. B.Thesupportfromonlinelisteners.C.Theimportantmomentsinherlife. D.Herexperiencesofbeingrefused.2.WhichisTaylor’sreactiontoherdepressingmoments?A.Composingsongs. B.Sharingherstories.C.Makingfriendsonline. D.Reflectingonherfailure.3.WhatcanwelearnfromTaylorSwift’sstory?A.Educationisthekeytosuccess. B.Ourattitudetowardsfailurematters.C.It’simportanttoavoidourmistakes. D.Weshouldworkhardsinceanearlyage.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要描述了四次獲得格萊美獎(jiǎng)的音樂人TaylorSwift是怎樣在沮喪時(shí)刻，采取樂觀積極的態(tài)度，創(chuàng)作歌曲，從而獲得成功的。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“ButatNewYorkUniversity’sgraduationceremonyinMayof2022,the32-year-oldcountrymusicsinger-songwritertoldherschoolmatesthatherachievementswerereallyaresultofsomethingelse:momentsofrejection(否決)(但在2022年5月紐約大學(xué)的畢業(yè)典禮上，這位32歲的鄉(xiāng)村音樂歌手兼詞曲作者告訴她的同學(xué)，她的成就其實(shí)是其他東西的結(jié)果：被拒絕的時(shí)刻)”可知，TaylorSwift認(rèn)為她被拒絕的經(jīng)歷促成了她的成功。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“Sherememberedconnectingwithmusicmanagersatage13,andbeingtoldthat“only35-year-oldhousewiveslistentocountrymusic.”(她記得13歲時(shí)與音樂經(jīng)理聯(lián)系過，被告知“只有35歲的家庭主婦聽鄉(xiāng)村音樂?！?”和第四段中的“Herresponsestothosemomentswereimpressive.Aloneinherroom,she’dwritesongs‘thatwouldgetmeaticketsomewhereelse.’(她對(duì)這些時(shí)刻的反應(yīng)令人印象深刻。她獨(dú)自一人在房間里寫著歌曲‘這會(huì)給我一張去別處的票’)”可知，TaylorSwift對(duì)自己沮喪時(shí)刻的反應(yīng)是創(chuàng)作歌曲。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“Heradvicetotheclassof2022:Learntolivewiththosediscouragingexperiences.(她對(duì)2022屆畢業(yè)生的建議是：學(xué)會(huì)接受那些令人沮喪的經(jīng)歷)”和“Andbeingembarrassedwhenyoumessup?It’spartofthehumanexperience.Gettingbackup,dustingyourselfoffandseeingwhostillwantstohangoutwithyouafterwardandlaughaboutit,that’sagift.(當(dāng)你陷入困境時(shí)會(huì)感到尷尬嗎？這是人類體驗(yàn)的一部分。站起來，撣掉身上的灰塵，看看誰之后還想和你在一起，并為此而大笑，這是一種禮物)”及其他內(nèi)容可知，文章主要描述了四次獲得格萊美獎(jiǎng)的音樂人TaylorSwift是怎樣在沮喪時(shí)刻，采取樂觀積極的態(tài)度，創(chuàng)作歌曲，從而獲得成功的，從她的故事中我們要學(xué)到沮喪時(shí)，我們對(duì)待失敗的態(tài)度很重要，我們要選擇積極樂觀。故選B項(xiàng)。BWomencry4,680timesovertheiradultlifetime—morethantwiceasmuchasmen,astudyhasfound.SadTVshowsorbooks,tirednessandargumentstheirpartnermeantheaveragewomanwillcrysixtimesamonth.Incomparison,menwillshedatearjustthreetimesamonth.Butthestudyfoundmenarelessembarrassed(難為情)aboutcryinginfrontofothers,withfourin10sayingtheywouldn’tbebotheredaboutsheddingatearinpubliccomparedtojustathirdofwomen.PsychologistEmmaKennysaid,“Whilewomenareusuallyassociatedwithcrying,theresultsofthisstudyactuallyshowthatmenarenowfeelingthatit’sacceptabletoshowtheiremotionsthroughcrying.And,differentfromwhatisusuallybelieved,theresultsactuallysuggestthatwomenfeelembarrassedwhentheylettheiremotionsshow.”Thestudyof2,000adultsfound51%ofwomenadmittobeingabigcrier—cryingoftenoratlittlethings.Butfarfromshyingawayfromit,threein10menarealsohappytoadmittheyoftenshedatear.AsadTVshow,movieorbookismostlikelytoleavewomenwatery-eyed,whilementearupatsadmomentsormemories.Otherreasonsforcryingincludefunerals,griefandanxiety.Butwomenaremorelikelytocryhappytears,with40%admittingtosheddingatearforagoodreason,somethingjust24%ofmendo.Andwhile64%ofwomenadmittocryingfornoreason,justthreein10mencansaythesame.Thestudyalsofoundanemotional44%ofmenhavecriedinpublic,alongwithahuge80%ofwomen.Cryinginfrontofpeopleyouworkwithwouldleavemanyfeelingmostembarrassed,followedbytheirboss,strangersandacquaintances.Butalmostonein10admittheywouldbeleftred-facediftheyshedatearinfrontoftheirfamilymembers.4.WhatisacommonbeliefaboutwomenaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Theycrywhenindepression.B.Theyseldomcryfornoreason.C.Theyexpressemotionsthroughcrying.D.Theywon’tfeelembarrassedwhencrying5.Womenwouldfeelmostashamedwhencryinginfrontof______.A.husbands B.friends C.workmates D.strangers6.Howdoesthepassagepresentthefindingsofthestudy?A.Bymakingacomparison. B.Bygivingtypicalexamples.C.Byusingtheexperts’words. D.Byofferingfactsandopinions.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MenAlsoCryInFrontOfOthersB.WomenCryMuchMoreThanMenC.WomenAreMoreLikelyToCryinPublicD.WomenAndMenCryinDifficultSituations【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究表明：女性比男性哭得多，介紹了其原因以及表現(xiàn)。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段中的“And,differentfromwhatisusuallybelieved,theresultsactuallysuggestthatwomenfeelembarrassedwhentheylettheiremotionsshow.(而且，與通常認(rèn)為的不同，結(jié)果實(shí)際上表明，當(dāng)女性讓自己的情緒表現(xiàn)出來時(shí)，會(huì)感到尷尬)”可知，研究實(shí)際結(jié)果是當(dāng)女性讓自己的情緒表現(xiàn)出來時(shí)，她們會(huì)感到尷尬，可得出人們通常認(rèn)為女性哭的時(shí)候不會(huì)覺得尷尬。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的“Cryinginfrontofpeopleyouworkwithwouldleavemanyfeelingmostembarrassed,followedbytheirboss,strangersandacquaintances.(在同事面前哭泣會(huì)讓很多人感到最尷尬，其次是他們的老板、陌生人和熟人)”可知，女性在同事面前哭的時(shí)候會(huì)覺得最羞愧。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段中的“Butthestudyfoundmenarelessembarrassed(難為情)aboutcryinginfrontofothers,withfourin10sayingtheywouldn’tbebotheredaboutsheddingatearinpubliccomparedtojustathirdofwomen.(但研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，男性在別人面前哭泣時(shí)不那么尷尬，十分之四的男性表示，他們不介意在公共場合流淚，而只有三分之一的女性這么認(rèn)為)”，第三段“Thestudyof2,000adultsfound51%ofwomenadmittobeingabigcrier—cryingoftenoratlittlethings.Butfarfromshyingawayfromit,threein10menarealsohappytoadmittheyoftenshedatear.(這項(xiàng)對(duì)2000名成年人的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，51%的女性承認(rèn)自己是一個(gè)愛哭的人，經(jīng)常哭或?yàn)樾∈驴?。但是，十分之三的男性非但沒有回避，反而樂于承認(rèn)自己經(jīng)常流淚)”和最后一段中的“Thestudyalsofoundanemotional44%ofmenhavecriedinpublic,alongwithahuge80%ofwomen.(研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，44%的男性在公共場合情緒激動(dòng)地哭過，80%的女性在公共場合哭過)”可知，這篇文章是通過比較女性和男性呈現(xiàn)研究結(jié)果的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。由第一段“Womencry4,680timesovertheiradultlifetime—morethantwiceasmuchasmen,astudyhasfound.SadTVshowsorbooks,tirednessandargumentstheirpartnermeantheaveragewomanwillcrysixtimesamonth.Incomparison,menwillshedatearjustthreetimesamonth.(一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，女性成年后哭泣4680次，是男性的兩倍多。悲傷的電視節(jié)目或書籍、疲憊和與伴侶的爭吵意味著普通女性每個(gè)月會(huì)哭六次。相比之下，男性一個(gè)月只會(huì)流淚三次)”和其他內(nèi)容可知，本文講述了女性比男性哭得多，介紹了其原因以及表現(xiàn)，B項(xiàng)“女性哭得比男性多”符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)。CFewlanguagesaresoconnectedwiththeirwrittenfromChinese.Justthementionofthelanguagecallstomindacomplex,beautifuland—tooutsiders—mysteriouswritingsystem.TheChinesethemselvesareextraordinarilyproudofit.Withoutdoubt,thought,itishard.Itscharactersareusuallyconstructed(構(gòu)建)bysmallerpieces,andlearningtowritethemisalwaysahugechallenge,eventhouthepiecesmighthelpusguessthemeaningandpronunciationofacharacter.Tomakecharacter-learningeasier,acommitteecreatednewroman-lettertranscription(標(biāo)注)ofChinesecalledPinyinin1955.RegularuseofPinyinwasonceuncommonformostChinesepeople,butthesedaysitispopular:itisimportantforday-to-dayinteractionwithcomputers.Peopleuseittowriteonkeyboardsandsmartphones,enteringthespellingandchoosingtherightcharacterfromamenuofhomophones(同音詞).OthersystemsusethekeystocombinethepiecesofaChinesecharacter,butitismuchmoredifficulttolearn.InternationaluseofChinesehasnotgrownatthepaceofChina’seconomy.Thedifficultyoflearningthewrittenlanguageisundoubtedlyonereasonwhy.Thedifficultiesofusingitonacomputerareanother.ItishardtoimaginetwoforeignerswritingtoeachotherinChineseasmanydoinEnglish.Thatmightonedaychangeastechnologyisbecomingmorehelpful.Today,AI(artificialintelligence)hasmadeinputtingcharacterseasier.Fromsurroundingwords,newsystemscanguesswhichChinesecharacterauserwants.Peoplehaveseencomputer’smuch-improvedrecognitionoftheirhandwriting.Andspeech-to-textsoftwarehasadvancedforeverylanguage,meaningthatfewerusersevenneedtotouchakeyboardto“write”Chinese.Withmoderntechnology,younolongerneedthegreatmemoryofascholartolearnChinese—ablessingforforeignlearnersaswellasnatives.ThoughunlikelytotaketheplaceofEnglish.Chinesemaybegintohaveamorepowerfulglobalrole.8.WhichmakesChinesedifficulttolearnaccordingtothetext?A.Itsconfusingwrittenform. B.Itsspecialpronunciation.C.Theconstructionofitscharacters. D.Thevariousmeaningsofeachcharacter.9.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.ThecreationofPinyin. B.ThedevelopmentofPinyin.C.ThecomplexityofPinyin. D.ThemethodtolearnPinyin.10.Whatbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudeonthefutureofChinese?A.Proud. B.Uninterested. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.【答案】8.C9.B10.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了漢語以及漢語拼音的發(fā)展以及前景?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段“Withoutdoubt,thought,itishard.Itscharactersareusuallyconstructed(構(gòu)建)bysmallerpieces,andlearningtowritethemisalwaysahugechallenge,eventhouthepiecesmighthelpusguessthemeaningandpronunciationofacharacter.(毫無疑問，這很難。漢字通常由較小的片段組成，學(xué)習(xí)書寫它們總是一個(gè)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，即使這些片段也可能幫助我們猜測漢字的含義和發(fā)音)”可知，漢字通常由較小的片段組成，書寫很難，可得出漢字的構(gòu)成使學(xué)習(xí)漢語很難。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。由第三段中的“Tomakecharacter-learningeasier,acommitteecreatednewroman-lettertranscription(標(biāo)注)ofChinesecalledPinyinin1955.RegularuseofPinyinwasonceuncommonformostChinesepeople,butthesedaysitispopular:itisimportantforday-to-dayinteractionwithcomputers.Peopleuseittowriteonkeyboardsandsmartphones,enteringthespellingandchoosingtherightcharacterfromamenuofhomophones(同音詞).OthersystemsusethekeystocombinethepiecesofaChinesecharacter,butitismuchmoredifficulttolearn.(為了簡化漢字學(xué)習(xí)，一個(gè)委員會(huì)于1955年創(chuàng)建了一種新的中文羅馬字母拼音。對(duì)大多數(shù)中國人來說，經(jīng)常使用拼音曾經(jīng)是不常見的，但現(xiàn)在它很流行：它對(duì)日常與電腦的互動(dòng)很重要。人們用它在鍵盤和智能手機(jī)上寫字，輸入拼寫并從同音詞菜單中選擇正確的字符。其他系統(tǒng)使用鍵來組合漢字，但學(xué)習(xí)起來要困難得多)”可知，第三段主要講拼音的發(fā)展。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段“Withmoderntechnology,younolongerneedthegreatmemoryofascholartolearnChinese—ablessingforforeignlearnersaswellasnatives.ThoughunlikelytotaketheplaceofEnglish.Chinesemaybegintohaveamorepowerfulglobalrole.(隨著現(xiàn)代科技的發(fā)展，學(xué)習(xí)漢語不再需要學(xué)者的記憶，這對(duì)外國學(xué)習(xí)者和本地人都是一種祝福。雖然不太可能取代英語。漢語可能開始在全球扮演更強(qiáng)大的角色)”可知，學(xué)習(xí)漢語將變得簡單，漢語也會(huì)在全球扮演更強(qiáng)大的角色，可得出作者對(duì)漢語未來發(fā)展持“積極的”態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語句排序（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）11.將下列幾個(gè)部分（A、B、C、D和E）按題號(hào)推序，構(gòu)成一個(gè)符合泛輯的完整語篇。A.Besidesgivingthosewonderfulclasses,shetolduswemustmakegreatefforts.Shewantedustodoalot,andalsotoldherselftodoalot.Sheputinalotofhardworkandlatenights.B.MissGaowasmyhighschoolChineseteacherinmyhometown,andshestillteachestheretoday.Shetaughtmetobeabetterwriterandbetterreader.Butaboveall,shetaughtmehowtobeabetterstudent.C.IwouldnotbewhereIamtodaywithoutthiskindofdevotion.Thereareagreatnumberofotherextraordinaryteacherslikeherinthewholecountry.Theyarereallyimportanttoastudent’sfutureandtothefutureofeducationinthiscountry.Theyaremyheroes.D.Thinkingofteachersinmylife.IalwaysfeelI’msolucky.Iwenttogreatschools,andIhadexcellentteachersthroughoutmylife.AndmyfavoritewasMissGaoFei.E.Inherclass,Iwasn’tjusttaughtaboutgreatliterature,Iwasencouragedtohavesomethingtosay.Iwasfreetosharemyideasandopinions,withoutbeingafraidofjudgment.Shealwaysbelievedinherstudents’ability.Therewasnevertalkofwhatwecouldn’tdo.【答案】DBEAC【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者最喜歡的老師高斐女士，高斐女士在課內(nèi)外通過不同形式影響著作者，教會(huì)作者如何成為一個(gè)更好的學(xué)生，作者尊重她和其他教師?！驹斀狻?.文章第一句應(yīng)為D項(xiàng)“Thinkingofteachersinmylife.IalwaysfeelI’msolucky.Iwenttogreatschools,andIhadexcellentteachersthroughoutmylife.AndmyfavoritewasMissGaoFei.(想想我生命中的老師。我總是覺得自己很幸運(yùn)。我上過好學(xué)校，我一生都有優(yōu)秀的老師。我最喜歡的是高斐女士)”，引出作者最喜歡的老師高斐女士的話題，為下文介紹高斐女士做鋪墊。故選D項(xiàng)。2.文章第二句應(yīng)為B項(xiàng)“MissGaowasmyhighschoolChineseteacherinmyhometown,andshestillteachestheretoday.Shetaughtmetobeabetterwriterandbetterreader.Butaboveall,shetaughtmehowtobeabetterstudent.(高斐女士是我家鄉(xiāng)學(xué)校的高中語文老師，她今天還在那里教書。她教會(huì)我成為一個(gè)更好的作家和讀者。但最重要的是，她教會(huì)了我如何成為一個(gè)更好的學(xué)生)”，介紹高斐女士的具體情況，及對(duì)作者如何成為一個(gè)更好學(xué)生的影響。故選B項(xiàng)。3.文章第三句應(yīng)為E項(xiàng)“Inherclass,Iwasn’tjusttaughtaboutgreatliterature,Iwasencouragedtohavesomethingtosay.Iwasfreetosharemyideasandopinions,withoutbeingafraidofjudgment.Shealwaysbelievedinherstudents’ability.Therewasnevertalkofwhatwecouldn’tdo.(在她的課堂上，我不僅學(xué)到了偉大的文學(xué)，還被鼓勵(lì)說點(diǎn)什么。我可以自由地分享我的想法和觀點(diǎn)，而不必害怕評(píng)判。她總是相信學(xué)生的能力。從來沒有說過我們做不到的事)”，講高斐女士具體在課堂上，從哪些方面影響作者如何成為一個(gè)更好的學(xué)生。故選E項(xiàng)。4.文章第四句應(yīng)為A項(xiàng)“Besidesgivingthosewonderfulclasses,shetolduswemustmakegreatefforts.Shewantedustodoalot,andalsotoldherselftodoalot.Sheputinalotofhardworkandlatenights.(除了上那些精彩的課外，她還告訴我們必須努力。她希望我們做很多，也告訴自己要做很多。她投入了大量的辛勤工作和深夜)”，講高斐女士除了在課堂上，在課堂外也影響作者如何成為一個(gè)更好的學(xué)生。故選A項(xiàng)。5.文章第五句應(yīng)為C項(xiàng)“IwouldnotbewhereIamtodaywithoutthiskindofdevotion.Thereareagreatnumberofotherextraordinaryteacherslikeherinthewholecountry.Theyarereallyimportanttoastudent’sfutureandtothefutureofeducationinthiscountry.Theyaremyheroes.(如果沒有這種奉獻(xiàn)精神，我就不會(huì)有今天。全國還有很多像她這樣的優(yōu)秀教師。他們對(duì)學(xué)生的未來和這個(gè)國家的教育未來都非常重要。他們是我的英雄)”，升華主題，講明正是這些無私奉獻(xiàn)的教師，才造就了今天的作者，他們是英雄。故選C項(xiàng)。故答案為：DBEAC第三節(jié)選句填空（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分0分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Sometimeswejustcan’tavoidadiscussionturningintoanargument.Ifyoudostartarguingwithsomeone.itisimportanttokeepthingsundercontrolandtherearewaystodothis.Themostimportantthing:don’traiseyourvoice.Thatwilljustmaketheotherpersonlosetheirtempertoo.____12____Say“I’msorry”andcontinuetotalkcalmlyandquietly,andthenyourpartnerwillbemorereadytothinkaboutwhatyouaresaying.____13____Trytokeeptothetopicyouaretalkingabout.Justconcentrateonsolvingtheoneproblemyouarehaving.Forexample,ifyou’rearguingaboutthehousework,don’tstarttalkingaboutmobilephonebillsaswell.Andmyfinaltipisthat,ifnecessary,youcancall“Timeout”,likeinasportsmatch.Ifanargumentisgettingoutofcontrol,youcansaytotheotherperson,“l(fā)isten,I’drathertalkaboutthistomorrowwhenwe’vebothcalmeddown”.Youcanthencontinuethediscussionthenextdaywhenperhapsbothofyouarefeelinglesstenseandangry.____14____Also,youmayfindtheproblemmucheasiertosolvewhenyou’vebothhadagoodnight’ssleep.Iwanttosayonelastimportantthing.____15____Thisisnottrue.Conflictnormalpartoflife,anddealingwithitisanimportantpartofanyrelationship.Ifyoudon’tlearntoargueproperly,thenwhenarealproblemcomesalong,youwon’tbepreparedtofaceittogether.Thinkofthesmallerargumentsastraining.Learnhowtoarguecleanlyandfairly.____16____A.Itisalsoveryimportanttosticktothepoint.B.Somepeoplethinkthatarguingisalwaysbad.C.Youmaybelievethatarguingisimpossibletoavoid.D.Thesecondthingisthatyoushouldfindagoodtopic.E.Itwillhelpyourrelationshipbecomestrongerandlastlonger.F.Youaremorelikelytoreachanagreementwhenyouarebothcalm.G.Ifyoufindyourselfdoingthis,stopforamomentandtakeadeepbreath.【答案】12.G13.A14.F15.B16.E【解析】【導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要告訴我們，當(dāng)我們無法避免把一場討論變成一場爭論時(shí)，控制爭論是很重要的，以及控制爭論的一些方法?！?2題詳解】本段第一句Themostimportantthing:don’traiseyourvoice.(最重要的是：不要提高嗓門。)是本段主題句，G項(xiàng)“Ifyoufindyourselfdoingthis,stopforamomentandtakeadeepbreath.(如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在這樣做，停下來，并且深呼吸。)”對(duì)此主題句做出進(jìn)一步解釋，其中的指示代詞this指的就是上文的“提高嗓門”，即“如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己提高了嗓門，就請(qǐng)停下來，并且深呼吸?！惫蔬xG項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】下文“Trytokeeptothetopicyouaretalkingabout.(盡量專注于你所談?wù)摰脑掝}。)”談的是要盡量專注于你所談?wù)摰脑掝}，并且舉例說明，是對(duì)段首句的解釋。所以此空位于句首，A項(xiàng)“Itisalsoveryimportanttosticktothepoint.(不要離題也是非常重要的。)”作為段落主題句，符合題意。故選Ａ項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】上文“Youcanthencontinuethediscussionthenextdaywhenperhapsbothofyouarefeelinglesstenseandangry.(第二天你們可以繼續(xù)討論，也許那時(shí)你們倆都感到不那么緊張和憤怒了。)”說的是暫停并冷靜之后的好處就是“不再感到那么緊張和憤怒了”。所以接著用F項(xiàng)“Youaremorelikelytoreachanagreementwhenyouarebothcalm.(當(dāng)你們都冷靜時(shí)，你們更有可能達(dá)成協(xié)議。)”繼續(xù)說暫停并冷靜之后的好處是“有可能達(dá)成協(xié)議”。故選Ｆ項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】下文“Thisisnottrue.Conflictnormalpartoflife,anddealingwithitisanimportantpartofanyrelationship.(這不是真的。沖突是生活的正常部分，處理它是任何關(guān)系的重要組成部分。)”中的“This”就是指上文B項(xiàng)“Somepeoplethinkthatarguingisalwaysbad.(有些人認(rèn)為爭論總是不好的。)，即“爭論總是不好的”這種認(rèn)為不是真的。然后繼續(xù)解釋，有爭論有沖突都是正常的事。故選Ｂ項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】上文“Thinkofthesmallerargumentsastraining.Learnhowtoarguecleanlyandfairly.(你可以把這些小小的爭論看作是訓(xùn)練。學(xué)習(xí)如何清晰而公平地爭論。)”告訴我們?nèi)绾稳幷?，E項(xiàng)“Itwillhelpyourrelationshipbecomestrongerandlastlonger.(這將幫助你們的關(guān)系變得更牢固，持續(xù)得更久。)”進(jìn)一步說明這樣做的好處，其中代詞it指代的就是上文內(nèi)容。故選Ｅ項(xiàng)。第三部分綜合應(yīng)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。HarperGagewas5yearsoldwhenshetookpartintheworldKartingAssociation’snationalgo-kart(卡丁車)race.Harperthoughtshewould____17____inthetophalfforheragegroup.Butherfirstseasonasago-kartracerdidnotendthewayshe____18____.Harperwasthesixthoutof17racersneartheendoftheeight-laprace.____19____,hercar’senginediedwithonlytwolapstogo.“She’spretty____20____.”hermother,LaurenGage,saidaftertherace.“Butweareso____21____ofher.”Justoneyear,Lauren____22____thatherdaughtershouldrace.Harperwasbornwithhearinglossinbothears.____23____,shecanhearclearlywhenwearshearingdevices.Butthedevicesdon’tfitunderHarper’sracehelmet(頭盔),sosheraces____24____them.Harperdoesn’tthinkhearinglossputsher____25____intherace.Theenginesareso_____26_____.Harpersaidthatshecanhearwhenanothercariscloseandreadytogetaheadofher.Harperlearnedaboutgo-kartsatage3andloveditwhenherfamily_____27_____aracetrack.Shetoldherparentsshewantedto_____28_____it,too.LaurenwasworriedthatHarperwouldcrashintoanothergo-kartsinceshewouldn’t_____29_____it.ButTomGageHarper’sfather,toldhiswifethattheirdaughterwouldbeOK.WhenHarperturned5,heramateur(業(yè)余的)racingcareerbegan,butshewishestorace_____30_____oneday.Whenaskedabouther_____31_____,Harpershylygiggledandsaid,“Iwanttodrivefast.”17.A.finish B.fail C.giveup D.fallover18.A.feared B.required C.planned D.promised19.A.However B.Besides C.Therefore D.Instead20.A.afraid B.worried C.nervous D.disappointed21.A.tired B.proud C.ashamed D.fond22.A.doubted B.suggested C.ordered D.thought23.A.Surprisingly B.Gradually C.Fortunately D.Suddenly24.A.toward B.against C.without D.for25.A.atrisk B.introuble C.inabadmood D.atadisadvantage26.A.special B.loud C.heavy D.advanced27.A.left B.built C.bought D.visited28.A.watch B.drive C.make D.appreciate29.A.like B.hear C.control D.feel30.A.professionally B.smoothly C.bravely D.effortlessly31.A.beliefs B.careers C.difficulties D.goals【答案】17.A18.C19.A20.D21.B22.A23.C24.C25.D26.B27.D28.B29.B30.A31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了天生失聰?shù)腍arperGage，在5歲時(shí)參加了世界卡丁車協(xié)會(huì)全國卡丁車比賽?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義或短語辨析。句意：哈珀認(rèn)為她會(huì)在這個(gè)年齡段的上半場結(jié)束比賽。A.finish結(jié)束；B.fail失??；C.giveup放棄；D.fallover摔倒。由上文的“HarperGagewas5yearsoldwhenshetookpartintheworldKartingAssociation’snationalgo-kart(卡丁車)race.(哈珀·蓋奇5歲時(shí)參加了世界卡丁車協(xié)會(huì)的全國卡丁車比賽)”和下文的“herfirstseasonasago-kartracerdidnotend(哈珀作為卡丁車賽車手的第一個(gè)賽季并沒有結(jié)束)”及“neartheendoftheeight-laprace(在八圈比賽接近尾聲時(shí))”可知，5歲的哈珀參加卡丁車比賽，她的第一個(gè)賽季并沒有結(jié)束，繼續(xù)比賽到最后，可得出因?yàn)樗挲g小，她原以為她會(huì)在這個(gè)年齡段的上半場結(jié)束比賽。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但她作為卡丁車賽車手的第一個(gè)賽季并沒有按計(jì)劃結(jié)束。A.feared害怕；B.required需要；C.planned計(jì)劃；D.promised承諾。由上文的“HarperGagewas5yearsoldwhenshetookpartintheworldKartingAssociation’snationalgo-kart(卡丁車)race.(哈珀·蓋奇5歲時(shí)參加了世界卡丁車協(xié)會(huì)的全國卡丁車比賽)”，上文的“herfirstseasonasago-kartracerdidnotend(哈珀作為卡丁車賽車手的第一個(gè)賽季并沒有結(jié)束)”及下文的“neartheendoftheeight-laprace(在八圈比賽接近尾聲時(shí))”可知，5歲的哈珀參加卡丁車比賽，因?yàn)樗挲g小，她原以為她會(huì)在這個(gè)年齡段的上半場結(jié)束比賽，但她繼續(xù)比賽到最后，說明她的第一個(gè)賽季沒有按計(jì)劃結(jié)束。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，她的汽車引擎在只剩兩圈的時(shí)候就熄火了。A.However然而；B.Besides此外；C.Therefore因此；D.Instead反而。由上文的“Harperwasthesixthoutof17racersneartheendoftheeight-laprace.(在八圈比賽接近尾聲時(shí)，哈珀在17名選手中排名第六)”和下文的“hercar’senginediedwithonlytwolapstogo(她的汽車引擎在只剩兩圈的時(shí)候就熄火了)”可知，哈珀比賽情勢大好，汽車引擎卻熄火了，前后轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用However。故選A項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“她非常失望?！彼哪赣H勞倫·蓋奇賽后說。A.afraid害怕的；B.worried擔(dān)憂的；C.nervous緊張的；D.disappointed失望的。由上文的“hercar’senginediedwithonlytwolapstogo(她的汽車引擎在只剩兩圈的時(shí)候就熄火了)”可知，比賽接近尾聲時(shí)，汽車引擎卻熄火了，這意味著哈珀無緣好成績，當(dāng)然感到失望。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“但我們?yōu)樗械津湴??！盇.tired疲倦的；B.proud驕傲的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.fond喜愛的。由全文語境可知，天生失聰?shù)腍arperGage能在比賽中堅(jiān)持到最后，雖然無緣好成績，但也很讓父母感到驕傲了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：僅僅一年，勞倫就懷疑她的女兒是否應(yīng)該參加比賽。A.doubted懷疑；B.suggested建議；C.ordered命令；D.thought想。由下文的“Harperwasbornwithhearinglossinbothears.(哈珀天生雙耳失聰)”可知，針對(duì)于哈珀天生雙耳失聰?shù)那闆r，她媽媽懷疑哈珀是否應(yīng)該參加比賽。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，當(dāng)她戴上助聽器時(shí)，她能聽得很清楚。A.Surprisingly驚人地；B.Gradually漸漸；C.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；D.Suddenly突然。由下文的“shecanhearclearlywhenwearshearingdevices(當(dāng)她戴上助聽器時(shí)，她能聽得很清楚)”可知，天生雙耳失聰?shù)墓暝谥犉鞯膸椭驴梢月犚?，這是一件幸運(yùn)的事。故選C項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：但是助聽器不能放在哈珀的比賽頭盔下，因此她在沒有它們的情況下比賽。A.toward朝向；B.against反對(duì)；C.without沒有；D.for為了。由上文的“thedevicesdon’tfitunderHarper’sracehelmet(頭盔)(助聽器不能放在哈珀的比賽頭盔下)”可知，哈珀沒帶助聽器參加比賽。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：哈珀認(rèn)為聽力損失不會(huì)使她在比賽中處于不利地位。A.atrisk在危險(xiǎn)中；B.introuble陷入困境；C.inabadmood心情不好；D.atadisadvantage處于不利的境地。由常識(shí)可知，人們認(rèn)為聽力損失是缺點(diǎn)，會(huì)讓人處于不利地位，但哈珀不這樣想。故選D項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：引擎太響了。A.special特殊的；B.loud大聲的；C.heavy沉重的；D.advanced先進(jìn)的。由下文的“shecanhearwhenanothercariscloseandreadytogetaheadofher(當(dāng)另一輛車靠近并準(zhǔn)備超越她時(shí)，她可以聽到)”可知，沒戴助聽器的哈珀能聽見靠近賽車的聲音，說明引擎太響了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：哈珀在3歲時(shí)學(xué)會(huì)了卡丁車，當(dāng)她的家人參觀賽車場時(shí)，她很喜歡卡丁車。A.left離開；B.built建立；C.bought買；D.visited參觀。由下文的“aracetrack(賽車場)”可知，此處指哈珀和家人參觀卡丁車賽車場。故選D項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她告訴父母她也想開卡丁車。A.watch看；B.drive開車；C.make制作；D.appreciate欣賞。由上文的“Harperlearnedaboutgo-kartsatage3andlovedit(哈珀在3歲時(shí)學(xué)會(huì)了卡丁車且喜歡卡丁車)”可知，去到卡丁車賽車場的哈珀想開卡丁車。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：勞倫擔(dān)心哈珀會(huì)撞上另一輛卡丁車，因?yàn)樗牪灰?。A.like喜歡；B.hear聽見；C.control控制；D.feel感覺。由上文的“Harperwasbornwithhearinglossinbothears.(哈珀天生雙耳失聰)”可知，哈珀聽不見周圍的聲音。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)哈珀5歲時(shí)，她的業(yè)余賽車生涯開始了，但她希望有一天能從事職業(yè)賽車。A.professionally職業(yè)地；B.smoothly順利地；C.bravely勇敢地；D.effortlessly毫不費(fèi)力地。but表轉(zhuǎn)折，對(duì)應(yīng)上文的“heramateur(業(yè)余的)racingcareer(她的業(yè)余賽車生涯)”，哈珀想從事職業(yè)賽車。故選A項(xiàng)。31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)被問及她的目標(biāo)時(shí)，哈珀害羞地咯咯笑著說：“我想開快車?！盇.beliefs信仰；B.careers事業(yè)；C.difficulties困難；D.goals目標(biāo)。由下文的“Iwanttodrivefast.(我想開快車)”可知，這是哈珀的目標(biāo)。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題：每小題15分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處境人適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Iloveplayingthepiano.Sowhentherecital(演奏會(huì))____32____(cancel)Iwasdisappointed.Ihadexpecteditforlong____33____alreadypreparedmybestsong.However,Momturnedthisintosomethingworthwhile.“Youshouldperformatthenursinghome.I’msuretheoldpeoplethere____34____(appreciate)themusic,”shesaid.IlikedthatideabecauseIwouldhavethechance____35____(cheer)theresidents,someof____36____didn’thavefamilies.Thedayfinallyarrived.____37____(walk)intothediningarea,Isawsomegray-hairedpeoplehavingdinner.Althoughtherewereconversationsattables,____38____(lonely)stillhunglikeadarkcloudintheroom.Afterintroductions,Isatdowninfrontofthepianoandbegantoplay.Thedinnerhourflewby.Onewomangotupandbegantodance____39____(happy)abouttheroomtothemusicwhilehershooktheirheads.Iwasamazedtoshowmusicbroughtbigsmilestotheir____40____(face).Cancellingtherecitalwasablessingbecauseitledtomysharingthegiftofmusic_____41_____thosewhoneededitmost.【答案】32.wascanceled##wascancelled33.and34.willappreciate##wouldappreciate35.tocheer36.whom37.Walking38.loneliness39.happily40.faces41.with【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者準(zhǔn)備已久的演奏會(huì)被取消了，他去療養(yǎng)院為住在那里的老人們表演，大家都很開心?！?2題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：所以當(dāng)獨(dú)奏會(huì)取消時(shí)，我很失望。從句主語therecital和從句謂語動(dòng)詞cancel是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合was可知事情已發(fā)生，時(shí)態(tài)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)（was/weredone），從句主語therecital為單數(shù)，謂語單數(shù)形式。故填wascanceled/wascancelled?！?3題詳解】考查連詞。句意：我期待了很久，已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了我最好的歌。“hadexpecteditforlong”和“alreadypreparedmybestsong”是并列關(guān)系，用并列連詞and。故填and?！?4題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：我相信那里的老人會(huì)欣賞音樂的。該空作賓語從句的謂語，表將來可能發(fā)生的事情，用一般將來時(shí)（will+動(dòng)詞原形）；或用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞would+動(dòng)詞原形”表達(dá)一種預(yù)期或設(shè)想，意為“會(huì)......”。故填willappreciate/wouldappreciate?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：我喜歡這個(gè)主意，因?yàn)槲覍⒂袡C(jī)會(huì)去鼓勵(lì)那些住在那里老人，其中一些老人沒有家人。名詞chance后接動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語，cheer用動(dòng)詞不定式形式。故填tocheer?！?6題詳解】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：我喜歡這個(gè)主意，因?yàn)槲覍⒂袡C(jī)會(huì)去鼓勵(lì)那些住在那里的老人，其中一些老人沒有家人。此處是“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，先行詞是theresidents，指人，在從句中作介詞of的賓語，用關(guān)系代詞whom。故填whom?！?7題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：走進(jìn)用餐區(qū)，我看到一些頭發(fā)花白的人正在吃飯。本句已有謂語saw且無連詞，動(dòng)詞walk用非謂語形式，邏輯主語I與動(dòng)詞walk是主謂關(guān)系，walk用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，作狀語，首字母大寫。故填Walking?！?8題詳解】考查名詞。句意：雖然餐桌上有人在交談，但寂寞依然像烏云一樣籠罩在房間里。抽象名詞loneliness作主句主語，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填loneliness?！?9題詳解】考查副詞。句意：一個(gè)女人站起來，隨著音樂在房間里歡快地跳舞，她搖著頭。副詞happily作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞dance。故填happily。【40題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：我很驚訝地看到音樂給他們帶來了燦爛的笑容。face(臉)是可數(shù)名詞，空前有形容詞性物主代詞their修飾，應(yīng)用其名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填faces?！?1題詳解】考查介詞。句意：取消獨(dú)奏會(huì)是一件幸事，因?yàn)檫@讓我與最需要的人分享了音樂的禮物。固定搭配sharesth.withsb.(與某人分享某物)。故填with。第四部分詞匯基礎(chǔ)（共20分）第一節(jié)詞義匹配（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）第一組根據(jù)句子內(nèi)容，從每組選項(xiàng)中選出能匹配句子中劃線部分意義的選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。A.tofillaspaceB.tosufferpainC.togetwellagainD.awishtodosomethingE.apersonseennotclearlyF.unforgettableormemorableG.givingsomeonesati