2022年河南焦作市高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題

焦作市普通高中2021—2022學(xué)年（下）高一年級(jí)期末考試英語(yǔ)第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A，B，C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ALearntoSwimKnowinghowtoswimpreventsdrowning(溺水)andimprovesyourhealth,fitness,andsafety.TohelpteachNewYorkerstoswim,theNewYorkCityDepartmentofParks&Recreationisofferingswimminglessonstochildren(6to17yearsold)atourindoorpools.CostFreewithanNYCParksRecreationCentermembership.AllLearntoSwimparticipants(參加者),includingchildrenandtheirparents,mustbemembersoftherecreationcenter.AbouttheClasses·Yourchildmustbe6yearsofageonthefirstdayofclassinordertoparticipateintheprogram.Pleasemakesuretobringalegaldocument(法律文件)withthedateofbirthlistedforthechildonthedayofthefirstclass.Documentswillbereturnedafterconfirmationiscompleted.·Thereareclassesattwodifferenttimes:onSaturdays,andafterschoolfrom4:00p.m.to5:00p.m.·AllparticipantsmusttakeawatertestonOctober30forthefallsession(學(xué)期),January1forthewintersession,andMarch29forthespringsessiontodetermineclasslevel.Missingthewatertestwillresultinafirstabsence.·Ifachildmissesthewatertestandthefirstdayofclass,theywillbedroppedfromthesession.Participantswhomisstwocontinuousclasseswillbedroppedfromtheprogram.·LevelⅠ:Childrenatthislevellearnbasicskills,suchasgettingintoandleavingthewater,controllingtheirbreath,movingthroughthewaterandwhattodoincaseofanemergency(緊急情況).·LevelⅡ:Childrenatthislevellearntoswimwithoutassistance.They’llbeabletounderstanddangerouswaterconditionsandhowtohelpaswimmerinawateremergency.1.WhocantakepartinLearntoSwimlessons？A.Alloftheteenagers. B.Membersoftherecreationcenter.C.AnystudentintheNewYorkCity. D.Parentseagertolearnswimming.2.Whatmustparticipantsdobeforeswimminglessons？A.Promisenottomissclasses. B.Handintheirschoolreports.C.Provetheiragewithformalpapers. D.Doawatertestathome.3.Whatwillparticipantslearnaboutbesidesswimming？A.Waystoofferhelpwhenneeded. B.Competitivespirit.C.Theimportanceofteamwork. D.Thevalueofappreciation.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。紐約市公園和娛樂(lè)部門(mén)為6至17歲的兒童提供游泳課程，文章對(duì)此課程進(jìn)行了介紹。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Cost部分最后一句“AllLearntoSwimparticipants(參加者),includingchildrenandtheirparents,mustbemembersoftherecreationcenter.(所有學(xué)習(xí)游泳參與者，包括孩子和他們的父母，必須是娛樂(lè)中心的成員)”可知，娛樂(lè)中心的成員可以參加學(xué)習(xí)游泳課程。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AbouttheClasses”部分第一段前兩句“Yourchildmustbe6yearsofageonthefirstdayofclassinordertoparticipateintheprogram.Pleasemakesuretobringalegaldocument(法律文件)withthedateofbirthlistedforthechildonthedayofthefirstclass.(您的孩子必須在第一天上課的時(shí)候年滿6歲才能參加這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。請(qǐng)務(wù)必在第一堂課當(dāng)天攜帶一份注明孩子出生日期的法律文件)”可知，參加者必須在上游泳課前出示正式文件證明自己的年齡。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“They’llbeabletounderstanddangerouswaterconditionsandhowtohelpaswimmerinawateremergency.(他們將能夠了解危險(xiǎn)的水條件，以及在水緊急情況下如何幫助游泳者)”可知，除了游泳，參加者還將學(xué)習(xí)如何在需要時(shí)提供幫助。故選A。BMassimoBotturaisawidelycelebratedcook.Arestaurantheopened27yearsagoinItalyhastwicebeennamedthebestintheworld.Today,Bottura’scookingempirespreadsfromDubai,intheMiddleEast,toBeverlyHills,California.AtRefettorioAmbrosiano,themenuchangesdaily,dependingonwhatcomeswiththemorning’sdelivery.Bydinner,thesesupermarketwasteshavebeentransformed(轉(zhuǎn)化).The100orsodiner—refugees(難民),thehomeless,andtheunemployed—enjoythemealwithobviouspleasure.Mealsofchargeforpeopleinneed.Bottura’sRefettoriosarenotrestaurants—they’reactuallysoupkitchens(施食處).ButBotturawouldnotcallthemthat.Hethinksofthemasplacesthatshinealightonthedignityoftheirguestswhilefocusingattentiononthefood-wasteproblem.BotturacameupwiththeideaofRefettorioAmbrosianoin2015.Hewantedtoinvitetheworld’sbestcookstocookwithhimforthecity’shomelessandturnedanabandonedtheaterintoadiningroomforpeopleinneed.TurningbasicmaterialsintodeliciousmealsinBottura’smagic.Hesayshisgrandmothertaughthimhowtomake“theoriginalno-wastekitchen”.CooksatBottura’srestaurantslearnhisapproachtocooking.Buttheyalsolearnabouthisbeliefinmakingadifferenceinpeople’slives.“Everybodyhastheabilitytocontributetopositivechange.Itstartswithallofus,inourownkitchens,”Botturasays.Itstartsbylookingatanoldcarrotorabrokenpieceofbreadandcatchingashineofgold.“Theare8billionpeopleonEarth.Weproduceenoughfoodfor12billionpeople,”MassimoBotturasays.“Everyyear,morethanabilliontonsoffoodendsupwasted.Asaresult,820millionpeopledon’thaveenoughtoeat.Andfoodwasteisresponsiblefor10%ofglobalgreenhouseemissions(排放).”4.WheredotheRefettorios’mealmaterialscomefrom？A.Socialcontribution. B.Supermarketwastes.C.Governmentsupply. D.Productsmadebythemselves.5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpart“shinealightonthedignityof”inparagraph2？A.ignoretheneedof B.focusontherightofC.showrespectfor D.getpraisesfrom6.WhydidBotturadecidetorunRefettorios？A.Tocreatethemostpopularkitchen. B.Toteachhiscookingmagic.C.Toenlargehiscookingempire. D.Tospreadhisideaofsavingfood.7.WhatmayhavecausedthefoodshortageaccordingtoMassimoBottura？A.Thewasteoffood. B.Globalgreenhouseemissions.C.Naturaldisasters. D.Theincreasingworldpopulation.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。MassimoBottura是一位著名的廚師，他創(chuàng)建了廣泛流傳的餐廳RefettorioAmbrosiano，利用超市垃圾做成美食為需要的人提供食物，同時(shí)減少食物浪費(fèi)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Bydinner,thesesupermarketwasteshavebeentransformed”(到晚餐的時(shí)候，這些超市垃圾已經(jīng)被轉(zhuǎn)化了)可知，Refettorios的膳食材料來(lái)自超市的垃圾。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第五句和第六句“Bottura’sRefettoriosarenotrestaurants—they’reactuallysoupkitchens(施食處).ButBotturawouldnotcallthemthat.”(Bottura的Refettorios不是餐廳——它們實(shí)際上是施食處。但Bottura不會(huì)這樣稱(chēng)呼它們。)可知，此處是指Bottura把施食處稱(chēng)為餐廳是對(duì)客人的尊重。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒第三段第二句“Hewantedtoinvitetheworld’sbestcookstocookwithhimforthecity’shomelessandturnedanabandonedtheaterintoadiningroomforpeopleinneed.”(他想邀請(qǐng)世界上最好的廚師和他一起為城市的無(wú)家可歸者做飯，并把一個(gè)廢棄的劇院變成了一個(gè)餐廳，為有需要的人服務(wù)。)和最后一段最后三句“Everyyear,morethanabilliontonsoffoodendsupwasted.Asaresult,820millionpeopledon’thaveenoughtoeat.Andfoodwasteisresponsiblefor10%ofglobalgreenhouseemissions(排放).”(每年有超過(guò)十億噸的食物被浪費(fèi)掉。結(jié)果，8.2億人沒(méi)有足夠的食物。食物浪費(fèi)造成了全球10%的溫室氣體排放。)可知，Bottura決定經(jīng)營(yíng)Refettorios來(lái)傳播他節(jié)約食物的想法。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句和第三句“Everyyear,morethanabilliontonsoffoodendsupwasted.Asaresult,820millionpeopledon’thaveenoughtoeat.”(每年有超過(guò)十億噸的食物被浪費(fèi)掉。結(jié)果，8.2億人沒(méi)有足夠的食物。)可知，MassimoBottura認(rèn)為食物的浪費(fèi)可能是造成食物短缺的原因。故選A。CTheIceCreamMachineisnoordinarytale.It’saflavorful(好味道的)bookmadeupofsixstories,allofwhichhavethesametitle,buteachhasadifferentstorycenteringononesubject,icecream.Oneice-creamstoryfocusesonaboyandhisrobotinthedistantfuture.Anotherisaboutafatheranddaughterwhoinventanice-creammachine.Myfavoritestoryinthebooktalksabouttwosisters,PamandPenelope,whotrytoenteranice-cream-eatingcontest.Thesixstoriesgowithblack-and-whiteillustrations(插圖)fromsixdifferentartists.TheIceCreamMachineisinventiveandfun.Itsauthor,AdamRubin,hasalotofexperiencewhenitcomestowritingaboutfood.Hismostfamouschildren’sbookisDragonsLoveTacos.ItwasaNo.1NewYorkTimesbest-seller.“Iliketowriteaboutfoodbecauseit’suniversallybelovedbypeopleofalldifferentcultures,”Rubinsays.“It’ssomethingwecanallrelateto.”RubinhopesTheIceCreamMachineinspireskidstowrite.Itsjacketturnsintoanenvelopeinwhichreaderscansendhimtheirstories.Rubinsayswritersshouldwriteaboutthingstheylike.“Ifyou’retryingtowritesomethingthatsomeoneelselikes,youmightnotgetitright.Thennoone’shappy,”hesays.“Butifyoufocusonwritingaboutsomethingthatyoulike,thenit’sfun.Whenitmakesyouhappy,yourwritingwillbringjoy.”IrecommendTheIceCreamMachinetoanyonewholikescreativestorytelling.Thebookgoesdownjustlikeicecream:smooth,enjoyable,andwithapleasantaftertaste.Rubin’sfavoriteflavoroficecream?“Chocolatechip,”hesays.Don’ttellhim,butthebestflavorisactuallybirthdaycake！8.WhydoesAdamRubinlikewritingaboutfood？A.Peoplearoundtheworldshowinterestinfood. B.Manydifferentbooksfocusonfood.C.Foodisthesymbolofdifferentcultures. D.Foodisthematerialbaseofhumanlife.9.WhatdoesAdamRubininspirechildrentowriteabout？A.Somethingconnectedwithfood.B.Whatotherpeoplelike.C.Whathappenstothem.D.Somethingtheyenjoy.10.WhatcanwelearnaboutTheIceCreamMachinefromthetext？AIthassixstorieswithdifferenttitles. B.Itcontainsmanycolorfulillustrations.C.ItisaNo.1NewYorkTimesbest-seller. D.Itiswritteninastyleofcreativestorytelling.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？A.MyFavoriteStoryinaBook B.SixFlavorsinOneBookC.TheBestFlavorofIceCream D.TheWriterofNo.1Best-seller【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一本由六個(gè)故事組成的創(chuàng)造性故事書(shū)《冰淇淋機(jī)》?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第五句“Iliketowriteaboutfoodbecauseit’suniversallybelovedbypeopleofalldifferentcultures”(我喜歡寫(xiě)關(guān)于食物的文章，因?yàn)椴煌幕尘暗娜硕枷矚g吃)可知，亞當(dāng)·魯賓喜歡寫(xiě)關(guān)于食物的文章，因?yàn)槭澜绺鞯氐娜藗兌紝?duì)食物感興趣。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句“Rubinsayswritersshouldwriteaboutthingstheylike.”(魯賓說(shuō)，作家應(yīng)該寫(xiě)他們喜歡的東西。)可知，亞當(dāng)·魯賓鼓勵(lì)孩子們寫(xiě)他們喜歡的東西。故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“IrecommendTheIceCreamMachinetoanyonewholikescreativestorytelling.”(我向任何喜歡創(chuàng)造性故事講述的人推薦《冰淇淋機(jī)》。)可知，《冰淇淋機(jī)》以一種創(chuàng)造性的敘事風(fēng)格寫(xiě)成。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“TheIceCreamMachineisnoordinarytale.It’saflavorful(好味道的)bookmadeupofsixstories,allofwhichhavethesametitle,buteachhasadifferentstorycenteringononesubject,icecream.”(《冰淇淋機(jī)》不是一個(gè)普通的故事。這是一本好味道的書(shū)，由六個(gè)故事組成，所有的故事都有相同的標(biāo)題，但每個(gè)故事都圍繞一個(gè)主題——冰淇淋——展開(kāi)。)可知，文章主要是介紹一本由六個(gè)故事組成的創(chuàng)造性故事書(shū)《冰淇淋機(jī)》。故B項(xiàng)“一本書(shū)的六種味道”可以作文本文標(biāo)題。故選B。DMachinelearningisawayofteachingcomputerstodotasks.Inthepast,todoanything,computersdependedondetailed,step-by-stepinstructionswrittenbyaperson.Butwithmachinelearning,computerspickupnewskillsontheirown,usingexamplesorexperience.Thismakesmachinelearningapowerfulformofartificialintelligence,orAI.AIistheabilityofamachinetothinkorlearnlikeaperson.AIsystemspowermanykindsofmachines—fromsmartphonestorobots.Thereareafewtypesofmachinelearning.Themostcommonissupervised(監(jiān)督的)learning.Inthismethod,acomputerisfedlotsofsortedtrainingdata(數(shù)據(jù)).Forexample,itmaylookatmanyphotosofdogs.Eachphotomightbesortedbythedog’skind.Bystudyingthosephotos,thecomputerlearnswhateachkindofdoglookslike.Then,thecomputercanpickoutdogkindsinnew,unsortedphotos.Themoredatathecomputerstudies,thebetteritgetsatitstask.Anotherimportantkindofmachinelearningisreinforcement(強(qiáng)化)learning.Usingthistypeoflearningissortofliketrainingyourdogtodoatrick(把戲).Thecomputerlearnstoachievesomegoalbyinteractingwithitsenvironment.Whenthecomputermakesachoicethatbringsitclosertoitsgoal,itgetsavirtualreward.Throughtrialandor,thecomputerlearnstomakebetterchoices.ThistypeofmachinelearninghashelpedcomputersmasterdifficultgameslikeGoandStarCraftII.Ithasalsobeenusedtoteachself-drivingcarshowtogetaround.Machinelearninghashelpedcreatetechnologyallaroundus.Itpowerslanguagetranslatorsandsearchengines.Whenyourstreamingservicesrecommendnewshowsyoumightlike,that’smachinelearningatwork.Machinelearningsystemsalsoorganizepostsinsocialmediafeeds.Theyevenhelpjudgediseases.Inmanyways,theproblem-solvingpowerofmachinelearningisreshapingtheworld.12.Whatcanweknowaboutmachinelearningfromthetext？A.Itdirectscomputerstofollowprograms. B.Itmakescomputersrunundernocontrol.C.Itisaformofartificialintelligence. D.Itisakindoffunctionofallcomputers.13.Howcancomputerslearnbetterinsupervisedlearning？A.Bystudyingasmuchdataaspossible. B.Byfollowingstep-by-stepinstructions.C.Bytellingdifferencesbetweendogkinds. D.Bymakingasmanyattemptsaspossible.14.Whatdocomputerslearninreinforcementlearning？A.Doingtricks. B.Settinggoals.C.Makingchoices. D.Simplifyingsteps.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetomachinelearning？A.Uncaring. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Supportive.【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)是教計(jì)算機(jī)完成任務(wù)的一種方式，是人工智能的一種強(qiáng)大形式，文章對(duì)此進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句“Thismakesmachinelearningapowerfulformofartificialintelligence,orAI.(這使得機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)成為人工智能（AI）的一種強(qiáng)大形式)”可知，機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)是人工智能的一種形式。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Themoredatathecomputerstudies,thebetteritgetsatitstask.(計(jì)算機(jī)研究的數(shù)據(jù)越多，它完成任務(wù)的能力就越強(qiáng))”可知，通過(guò)在監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)中學(xué)習(xí)盡可能多的數(shù)據(jù)，計(jì)算機(jī)能夠?qū)W習(xí)得更好。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第四句“Whenthecomputermakesachoicethatbringsitclosertoitsgoal,itgetsavirtualreward.(當(dāng)計(jì)算機(jī)做出一個(gè)讓它更接近目標(biāo)的選擇時(shí)，它就會(huì)得到一個(gè)虛擬獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))”可知，計(jì)算機(jī)在強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)中，可以做出選擇。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Machinelearninghashelpedcreatetechnologyallaroundus.”(機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)已經(jīng)幫助我們創(chuàng)造了周?chē)募夹g(shù))”和最后一句“Inmanyways,theproblem-solvingpowerofmachinelearningisreshapingtheworld.(在很多方面，機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)解決問(wèn)題的能力正在重塑世界)”可知，作者對(duì)機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的態(tài)度是支持的。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoCreateYourOwnFamilyTraditionsSometimeswefollowcertainfamilytraditionsbecausewesimplyhavenothingelsetoputinitsplace.However,whentherearechangesinthefamily,itforcesustoexamineouroldtraditions.Sohowdoyoufindnewtraditionstointroduce？____16____There’snopointthrowingthebabyoutwiththebathwater,sothinkofanytraditionsfromyourpastthatyoudowanttocarryon.Youcanpickoutthebestandleavethoseyouarenotsofondofbehind.Tailor(制定)aroundyourfamily’slikesandinterests.Itisasure-firewaytoensureeveryoneisgoingtoenjoythemselvesandmaybeevencontinuethetradition.Whateveryourfamilyenjoy,youcanpersonalizeyourtraditiontoinvolvetheelementsthatthewholefamilyenjoy.____17____Searchtheworldforideas.____18____Itdoesn’tmeanyoucan’tadoptaforeignideajustbecauseitisn’tyourculture.Nomatterwhattheforeigntraditionsare,there’snoreasonwhyyoucan’tmakethemyoursalso.Dowhatyourfriendsdo.Onewaytofindideasistoaskfriendswhattheydo.____19____Andtheconversationwiththemcouldevenbringaninvitationtojointhemintheirtraditions.____20____Findingtherighttraditionsthatworkforyourfamilycantakesometimetofigureout.Forittobecomeatradition,itneedstobecontinuedyearafteryear.So,beforeyoumakethefinaldecision,tryitoutforfitforafewyearsandthinkabouthowitwillworkinthefuture.A.Keepitachievableforthelongterm.B.Takethebestoftheold,andleavetherest.C.Takeinspirationfromyourfamilymembers.D.Therearedifferentculturesandtraditionsaroundtheworld.E.Soitdoesn’tmatterifitlooksdifferenttootherfamilies.F.However,familytraditionsmeansomethingspecialtoyourfamily.G.Generally,theycouldhelpcomeupwithlocalactivitiesandsuggestions.【答案】16.B17.E18.D19.G20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章就如何創(chuàng)建自己的家庭傳統(tǒng)提出了建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Youcanpickoutthebestandleavethoseyouarenotsofondofbehind.(你可以挑出最好的，把那些你不喜歡的丟掉。)”和“There’snopointthrowingthebabyoutwiththebathwater,sothinkofanytraditionsfromyourpastthatyoudowanttocarryon.(把孩子和洗澡水一起倒掉是沒(méi)有意義的，所以想想你過(guò)去的任何你想要繼承的傳統(tǒng))”可知，此處是講從傳統(tǒng)中挑出好的繼承，丟掉不好的，所以選項(xiàng)B“取其精華，留下不要的?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選B。【17題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Whateveryourfamilyenjoy,youcanpersonalizeyourtraditiontoinvolvetheelementsthatthewholefamilyenjoy.(無(wú)論你的家人喜歡什么，你都可以個(gè)性化你的傳統(tǒng)來(lái)包含全家人都喜歡的元素。)”可知，此處是講自己的家庭傳統(tǒng)可以與眾不同，所以選項(xiàng)E“所以看起來(lái)和其他家庭是否不同并不重要?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Searchtheworldforideas.(在世界各地尋找靈感)”和后文“Nomatterwhattheforeigntraditionsare,there’snoreasonwhyyoucan’tmakethemyoursalso.(不管外國(guó)傳統(tǒng)是什么，沒(méi)有理由不把它們也變成你的。)”可知，此處是講可以吸收全世界不同的文化和傳統(tǒng)，所以選項(xiàng)D“世界各地有不同的文化和傳統(tǒng)?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Onewaytofindideasistoaskfriendswhattheydo.(尋找靈感的一種方法是詢問(wèn)朋友他們做什么)”可知，此處是講向朋友尋求建議，所以選項(xiàng)G“一般來(lái)說(shuō)，他們可以幫助想出當(dāng)?shù)氐幕顒?dòng)和建議?！鼻泻衔囊狻９蔬xG?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Forittobecomeatradition,itneedstobecontinuedyearafteryear.So,beforeyoumakethefinaldecision,tryitoutforfitforafewyearsandthinkabouthowitwillworkinthefuture.(要使它成為一種傳統(tǒng)，就需要年復(fù)一年地延續(xù)下去。所以，在你做出最終決定之前，先試用幾年，考慮一下它在未來(lái)會(huì)如何工作。)”可知，此處是講讓家庭傳統(tǒng)長(zhǎng)期可行。所以選項(xiàng)A“讓它長(zhǎng)期可行?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題：每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A，B，C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。JoeWhaleisknownworldwideforhisblack-and-whitedoodles(涂鴉)andallpaintings.Nicknamedthe“DoodleBoy”,hehasmorethan100,000____21____onInstagram.Joe,whois12yearsold,livesinEngland.Hehasbeen____22____artsincehewasasmallchild.“Ialways____23____ontheblackboard,whichmademy____24____angry,andbroughtmemuch____25____.SonowIjustdoafewinschool.”Joetoldmeinarecentinterviewbyvideo.Fortunately,hisparentsrecognizedhis____26____andsignedhimupforanartclub.Whentheartclub____27____someofJoe’sdoodlesonInstagram,alocal____28____askedJoe’sdadifhecoulddoodleontheirwall.Itprovedtobeareal____29____tocustomers.“Iwasn’treally____30____paintingonatallladder(梯子),soittookmeabout12hoursto____31____doitall,”Joesaid.Hedevelopedhispaintingfurther,ashis____32____increasedwitheverydoodlehemade.Joehassomefavorite____33____inhisartwork,includingaliens(外星人)andmonsters.Ifhegets____34____,heuseshissurroundingsforinspiration.Joe____35____allkidstohavefunwithart.Hethinksthatit’s____36____totrustyourownheart,evenifyouare____37____.“Ifyou’redoodling,becreative,”Joesaid.“Mostimportantly,havefundoingwhatyou____38____.”Joeistheillustrator(插畫(huà)家)ofanewplayful____39____byEricLupercalledBadFood:GameofScones.Thebookis____40____withJoe’sblack-and-whitedoodles.21.A.strangers B.workers C.followers D.customers22.A.caringabout B.longingfor C.passingdown D.cheeringfor23.A.climbed B.wrote C.exercised D.drew24A.friends B.teachers C.neighbors D.trainers25.A.trouble B.fortune C.help D.pleasure26.A.talent B.achievement C.mistake D.difficulty27.A.doubted B.sold C.received D.posted28.A.government B.restaurant C.scientist D.fan29.A.shock B.attraction C.failure D.relief30.A.concernedabout B.afraidof C.usedto D.tiredof31.A.naturally B.sincerely C.actually D.briefly32.A.curiosity B.bravery C.chance D.skill33.A.characters B.rules C.dreams D.aims34.A.delighted B.bored C.stuck D.defeated35.A.warns B.encourages C.persuades D.requires36.A.easy B.formal C.original D.important37.A.pickedup B.laughedat C.dependedon D.watchedover38.A.love B.imagine C.remember D.miss39.A.game B.movie C.novel D.toy40.A.marked B.covered C.mixed D.filled【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.B25.A26.A27.D28.B29.B30.C31.C32.D33.A34.C35.B36.D37.B38.A39.C40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。喬·威爾以他的黑白涂鴉和所有的畫(huà)作聞名于世，被戲稱(chēng)為“涂鴉男孩”，在Instagram上擁有超過(guò)10萬(wàn)名粉絲。文章介紹了喬·威爾從事藝術(shù)的經(jīng)歷和現(xiàn)有的成就。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他被戲稱(chēng)為“涂鴉男孩”，在Instagram上擁有超過(guò)10萬(wàn)名粉絲。A.strangers陌生人；B.workers工人；C.followers粉絲；D.customers顧客。根據(jù)“onInstagram”可知，此處是指在Instagram上擁有超過(guò)10萬(wàn)名粉絲。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他從小就渴望藝術(shù)。A.caringabout在意；B.longingfor渴望；C.passingdown遺傳；D.cheeringfor為……歡呼。根據(jù)“JoeWhaleisknownworldwideforhisblack-and-whitedoodles(涂鴉)andallpaintings”(喬·威爾以他的黑白涂鴉和所有繪畫(huà)作品而聞名于世)以及“Ialways______ontheblackboard,whichmademy______angry,andbroughtmemuch_______.”可知，此處是指他從小就渴望藝術(shù)。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我總是在黑板上畫(huà)畫(huà)，這使我的老師生氣，給我?guī)?lái)了很多麻煩。A.climbed攀爬；B.wrote寫(xiě)；C.exercised鍛煉；D.drew畫(huà)畫(huà)。根據(jù)前文“JoeWhaleisknownworldwideforhisblack-and-whitedoodles(涂鴉)andallpaintings”(喬·威爾以他的黑白涂鴉和所有繪畫(huà)作品而聞名于世)可知，此處是指總是在黑板上畫(huà)畫(huà)。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我總是在黑板上畫(huà)畫(huà)，這使我的老師生氣，給我?guī)?lái)了很多麻煩。A.friends朋友；B.teachers老師；C.neighbors鄰居；D.trainers教練員。根據(jù)“ontheblackboard”可知，此處是指使老師生氣。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我總是在黑板上畫(huà)畫(huà)，這使我的老師生氣，給我?guī)?lái)了很多麻煩。A.trouble麻煩；B.fortune財(cái)富；C.help幫助；D.pleasure快樂(lè)。根據(jù)“mademyteachersangry”可知，此處是指帶來(lái)了很多麻煩。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，他的父母發(fā)現(xiàn)了他的天賦，并為他報(bào)名參加了一個(gè)藝術(shù)俱樂(lè)部。A.talent天賦；B.achievement成就；C.mistake錯(cuò)誤；D.difficulty困難。根據(jù)“signedhimupforanartclub”可知，此處是指他的父母發(fā)現(xiàn)了他的天賦。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)藝術(shù)俱樂(lè)部在Instagram上發(fā)布了喬的一些涂鴉時(shí)，當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患也蛷d問(wèn)喬的爸爸是否可以在他們的墻上涂鴉。A.doubted懷疑；B.sold售賣(mài)；C.received接收；D.posted發(fā)布。根據(jù)“onInstagram”和“askedJoe’sdadifhecoulddoodleontheirwall”可知，此處是指藝術(shù)俱樂(lè)部在Instagram上發(fā)布了喬的一些涂鴉。故選D。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)藝術(shù)俱樂(lè)部在Instagram上發(fā)布了喬的一些涂鴉時(shí)，當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患也蛷d問(wèn)喬的爸爸是否可以在他們的墻上涂鴉。A.government政府；B.restaurant餐廳；C.scientist科學(xué)家；D.fan風(fēng)扇。根據(jù)“askedJoe’sdadifhecoulddoodleontheirwall”可知，此處是指當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患也蛷d。故選B。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)證明，這對(duì)顧客確實(shí)有吸引力。A.shock震驚；B.attraction有吸引力的事物；C.failure失??；D.relief釋放。根據(jù)“tocustomers”可知，此處是指墻上的涂鴉對(duì)顧客很有吸引力。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我不太習(xí)慣在一個(gè)很高的梯子上畫(huà)畫(huà)，所以我花了大約12個(gè)小時(shí)來(lái)完成這一切。A.concernedabout擔(dān)心；B.afraidof害怕；C.usedto習(xí)慣；D.tiredof厭倦。根據(jù)“soittookmeabout12hours”可知，此處是指不太習(xí)慣在一個(gè)很高的梯子上畫(huà)畫(huà)。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我不太習(xí)慣在一個(gè)很高的梯子上畫(huà)畫(huà)，所以我花了大約12個(gè)小時(shí)來(lái)完成這一切。A.naturally自然地；B.sincerely真誠(chéng)地；C.actually實(shí)際上；D.briefly簡(jiǎn)短地。根據(jù)“doitall”以及“Iwasn’treally_____paintingonatallladder(梯子),”可知，此處是指實(shí)際上花了大約12個(gè)小時(shí)來(lái)完成一切。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著每一幅涂鴉的完成，他的繪畫(huà)技巧得到了進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展。A.curiosity好奇心；B.bravery勇氣；C.chance機(jī)會(huì)；D.skill技巧。根據(jù)“Hedevelopedhispaintingfurther”可知，此處是指他的繪畫(huà)技巧得到了進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展。故選D。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：?jiǎn)淘谒淖髌分杏幸恍┳钕矚g的角色，包括外星人和怪物。A.characters角色；B.rules規(guī)則；C.dreams夢(mèng)想；D.aims目標(biāo)。根據(jù)“includingaliens(外星人)andmonsters”可知，此處是指喬在他的作品中有一些最喜歡的角色。故選A。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果他卡住了，他會(huì)從周?chē)沫h(huán)境中尋找靈感。A.delighted高興的；B.bored無(wú)聊的；C.stuck卡住的；D.defeated被擊敗的。根據(jù)“heuseshissurroundingsforinspiration”可知，此處是指如果他在創(chuàng)作過(guò)程中卡住了。故選C。【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：?jiǎn)坦膭?lì)所有的孩子都能從藝術(shù)中獲得樂(lè)趣。A.warns警告；B.encourages鼓勵(lì)；C.persuades勸說(shuō)；D.requires要求。根據(jù)“tohavefunwithart”可知，此處是指鼓勵(lì)所有的孩子都能從藝術(shù)中獲得樂(lè)趣。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他認(rèn)為相信自己的內(nèi)心很重要，即使你被嘲笑。A.easy容易的；B.formal莊重的；C.original原創(chuàng)的；D.important重要的。根據(jù)“totrustyourownheart”和“Mostimportantly”(最重要的是)可知，此處是指相信自己的內(nèi)心很重要。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他認(rèn)為相信自己的內(nèi)心很重要，即使你被嘲笑。A.pickedup撿起；B.laughedat嘲笑；C.dependedon依靠；D.watchedover看守。根據(jù)“evenif”可知，此處是指即使被嘲笑也要相信自己的內(nèi)心。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最重要的是，享受自己喜歡的事。A.love熱愛(ài)；B.imagine想象；C.remember記得；D.miss錯(cuò)過(guò)。根據(jù)“havefundoing”可知，此處是指享受做自己熱愛(ài)的事情。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：?jiǎn)淌前＠锟恕けR珀的新小說(shuō)《壞食物：司康餅的游戲》的插畫(huà)師。A.game游戲；B.movie電影；C.novel小說(shuō)；D.toy玩具。根據(jù)后文“Thebook”可知，此處是指埃里克·盧珀的新小說(shuō)。故選C。【40題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這本書(shū)里全是喬的黑白涂鴉。A.marked做記號(hào)，做標(biāo)記；B.covered覆蓋；C.mixed混合；D.filled充滿。根據(jù)“withJoe’sblack-and-whitedoodles”和“Joeistheillustrator”可知，此處是指這本書(shū)里全是喬的黑白涂鴉。故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將答案填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。TheHighTemperaturesinAntarctica(南極洲)VostokstationisaRussianweatherstationinAntarctica.It’sfamous____41____havingthecoldesttemperatureeverrecordedonEarth:-89.2℃.ButlastFriday,Vostokset____42____newrecord,thistimeforitswarmestMarchtemperatureever:-18℃.Thatmaynotsoundverywarm,butit’s15℃warmerthanaverage.OtherareasinAntarcticawereeven____43____(hot).Anearbyweatherstationwas37℃higherthanaverage.Some____44____(place)inAntarcticawereexpectedtobeasmuchas50℃warmerthannormal.Ascientist,____45____studiesweatherinAntarctica,saidthetemperatureshad____46____(complete)changedourexpectationsabouttheAntarcticclimatesystem.Atthistimeofyear,Antarcticaislosing25minutesofdaylighteveryday,andshouldbegettingcolderinsteadofwarmer.An“atmosphericriver”ofwarm,wetairhitAntarcticalastTuesday.Thiskindofweatherpatternisn’tthatunusual.ButonceitgottoAntarctica,itwasstoppedfrom____47____(leave)byahightpressuresystem,calleda“pressuredome(穹頂)”.Asimilarpressuredome____48____(cause)anextremeheatwaveinNorthAmerica’snorthwestlastsummer.Scientistssaythatthemelting(融化)fromthisoneeventisn’tlikelytocausebigchanges.Andit’stooearly____49____(say)ifclimatechangeledtothisevent.Butscientistssaytheyarewatchingcarefullytoseewhetherthisisaone-timeevent____50____partofanewpattern.【答案】41.for42.a43.hotter44.places45.who46.completely47.leaving48.caused49.tosay50.or【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。上周五，Vostok氣象站創(chuàng)造了一項(xiàng)新紀(jì)錄，這一次是有史以來(lái)最熱的3月份溫度：-18℃?！?1題詳解】考查介詞。句意：它因擁有地球上有記錄以來(lái)最冷的溫度而聞名：-89.2℃。根據(jù)“havingthecoldesttemperatureeverrecordedonEarth”可知，此處是指因擁有地球上有記錄以來(lái)最冷的溫度而聞名，befamousfor意為“因……而著名”，為固定搭配，所以此處應(yīng)用介詞for。故填for?！?2題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：但上周五，東方站創(chuàng)造了一項(xiàng)新紀(jì)錄，這一次是有史以來(lái)最熱的3月份溫度：-18℃。此處“newrecord”為第一次出現(xiàn)，所以應(yīng)用不定冠詞表示泛指，且new的發(fā)音為輔音音素開(kāi)頭，故填a?！?3題詳解】考查比較級(jí)。句意：南極洲的其他地區(qū)更熱。在even后應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。故填hotter?！?4題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：南極洲的一些地方預(yù)計(jì)將比正常溫度高出50℃。根據(jù)were可知，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)。故填places。【45題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：一位在南極研究天氣的科學(xué)家說(shuō)，這些氣溫完全改變了我們對(duì)南極氣候系統(tǒng)的預(yù)期。在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，且先行詞為scientist，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who。故填who。【46題詳解】考查副詞。句意：一位在南極研究天氣的科學(xué)家說(shuō)，這些氣溫完全改變了我們對(duì)南極氣候系統(tǒng)的預(yù)期。修飾動(dòng)詞changed應(yīng)用副詞completely表示“完全地”，作狀語(yǔ)。故填completely?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：但一旦到達(dá)南極洲，它就被一種叫做“壓力穹頂”的高壓系統(tǒng)阻止了。stop...fromdoing意為“阻止……做某事”，為固定搭配，此處用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填leaving?！?8題詳解】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)。句意：去年夏天，一個(gè)類(lèi)似的圓頂壓在北美西北部引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)極端熱浪。根據(jù)“l(fā)astsummer”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填caused?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：現(xiàn)在說(shuō)氣候變化是否導(dǎo)致了這一事件還為時(shí)過(guò)早?！癷tbe+adj+todo”意為“做某事是……的”，為固定句式，此處用it作形式主語(yǔ)，todo不定式為真正的主語(yǔ)。故填tosay?！?0題詳解】考查連詞。句意：但科學(xué)家們表示，他們正在仔細(xì)觀察，以確定這是一次性事件還是一種新模式的一部分?！皐hether...or...”意為“是……還是……”，為固定句式。故填or。第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）51.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Myparentstookmevisitmycousininthecountrysideanotherday.Shegreetsuswarmly.Shehasalovelydog,whichwasveryfriendlytomeduringourstay.Weplayedtogetheralotof.Timepassedquicklybutitwasdarkbeforeweknewit.Sayinggoodbyetomycousin,shestarteddrivinghome.Wehadnotgonefartherwhenwefeltasuddenshake,asifwehadhitabigrock.Aftergethome,Ithoughtweprobablyhadrunintomycousindog.Itturnedoutthatmyguesswasright.Fortunately,itwasnotserioushurt.Idecidedtotakesomedeliciousfoodtoitnextweek.【答案】1.在visit前加to2.an→the3.greets→greeted4.去掉of5.but→and6.she→we7.fart