新教材同步系列2024春高中英語(yǔ)Unit3Conservationperiod4Lesson3課時(shí)作業(yè)北師大版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

UNIT3PeriodFour基礎(chǔ)練Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Theheavyrainhasbroughtgreat________(破壞)totheroadsinthisarea.2．Thecargot________(卡住)inthemudandwasunabletomove.3．Bettywasmuch________(苦惱的)tohearthatshehadfailedintheexam.4．Whenheheardtherumours，________(怒氣)filledhimup.5．Inthelasttwo________(十年)，alotoffactorieshavebeenshutdowninourcity.【答案】1.destruction2.stuck3.annoyed4．a(chǎn)nger5.decadesⅡ.請(qǐng)將下列詞組翻譯成漢語(yǔ)1．困在……________________2．比較________________3．與……有關(guān)聯(lián)________________4．放棄________________5．焦慮的________________6．上升________________7．……的數(shù)量/數(shù)目________________8．找借口________________9．實(shí)行行動(dòng)________________10．沉溺于________________【答案】1.getstuckin...2pareto3．berelatedto...4.giveup5.stressedout6．goup7.thenumberof...8．makeanexcuse9.takeaction10．beaddictedtoⅢ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．________(compare)totheirhouse，myflatseemstobeapalace.2．Riceproductionhasincreased________5%thisyearcomparedtothatoflastyear.3．________(be)frank，Ithinkyoursonhaslittlechanceofpassingtheexam.4．Itisnotrightforyoungstudentstobeaddictedto________(play)computergames.5．MrsBrowndoesalmostallthehousework________herhusbanddoesnothingofitatall.6．Mydifficultyis________Ireallydon’tknowhowtocommunicatewithher.7．Thesenoisesarequite________(annoy)astheykeepusawakeallnightlong.8．Ijustdon’tknowwhysheoftenreturnshome________(stress)out.【答案】1pared2.by3.Tobe4．playing5.while6.that7．a(chǎn)nnoying8.stressedⅣ.完成句子1．________________doyoumakephonecallstoyourparents?你多久給父母打一次電話？2．Thelittleboy________________forhisbeinglate.這個(gè)孩子為自己遲到找了一個(gè)借口。3．Walkingcanhelpto________________．走路可以讓你保持健康。4．________________，Itakenointerestinfilms.說(shuō)實(shí)話，我對(duì)電影不感愛(ài)好。5．Look，theboy________________thestory.瞧，這個(gè)孩子對(duì)這個(gè)故事著迷了。6．Howoftendowearriveatworkorschool，stressedout，________________？我們過(guò)多久就會(huì)有一次帶著壓力、乏累和生氣的心情去上班或上學(xué)？7．Buttheproblemis________thenumberofcarsisstillgoingup.但問(wèn)題是，汽車的數(shù)量仍在增加?！敬鸢浮?.Howoften2.madeanexcuse3．keepyoufit4.Tobefrank5．isaddictedto6.tiredandangry7.that提升練Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024廣東清遠(yuǎn)四校聯(lián)考)OurEarth’soceanscontainsomeofthemostvaluableresources.Astheuseoffossilfuelsandgreenhousegasemissionsbegantoriseinpopularity，thepollutingoftheEarth’soceansdidaswell，leavinglifelongeffectsonallofitsecosystems.Commercialwhalinghasleftseveralwhalespeciesindangerofextinction.ThebluewhalesoftheAntarctichavelessthanonepercentoftheiroriginalnumbers.Over90percentofplasticisn’trecycled，andalargepartofthatnumberfindsitswayintotheoceanandsurroundingbeaches.Thehugeamountofplasticdamageswhales’existence.Plasticisbeingeatenbysealifeaswellasentangling(纏住)them，puttingthemallatmajorrisk.Withoutchange，ourEarth’soceanswillnotbeabletocontinueonformuchlonger.TheDeltaCorporationwassetupin1972，laterknownasOceanConservancy.InthebeginningyearsofOceanConservancy，itsmaininitiative(倡議)wastheWhaleProtectionFund.Thisfundfocusedonsavingthespeciesandprotestingagainstcommercialwhaling.Theygainedthesupportofmany.Tenyearslater，theInternationalWhalingCommissionfinallybannedcommercialwhaling.Itthenchangeditsfocustonotonlywhalesbuttosealsandseaturtlesaswell.Thoughtheymadegreatprogresswiththeseanimals，theycametotheconclusionthattheseanimalscannotdevelopwellwithoutahealthy，sustainableenvironment.TheworkersofOceanConservancythenexpandedtheirfocustothemarineecosystemsandhabitats.OceanConservancyisoneofseveralorganisationsworkingtowardacommongoal:savingtheEarth’soceans.TheyhavestarteddoingthisbycreatingtheWhaleProtectionmovementthatstillexists.Thoughtheyhavemadesignificantprogressthroughouttheyears，thereisstillmuchtobedone.Onlywhenthecommongoalissharedbyallgroups，governments，andindividuals，willrealchangesbemade.Ifsuccessful，theelectricbicyclemealprogramwillbespreadtoallCrownePlazahotelsintheUK，thehotelsaidinastatement.1．WhatcanweknowabouttheplasticfromParagraph2?A．Plasticreducesthepopulationofwhalestotheleast.B．Mostofplasticendsupinoceansandsandybeaches.C．Plastichasbecomepartoftheseaanimals’diet.D．Recyclingplasticisstillabigchallenge.2．WhatmadeOceanConservancypayattentiontotheoceanecosystem?A．Abanonwhaling.B．Itsimprovedconcept.C．Itsgreatachievement.D．Thepublicsupport.3．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Quiteafeworganisationshavesettheirowngoals.B．ThedaysofWhaleProtectionmovementarenumbered.C．OceanConservancy’sworkisn’tworththepraise.D．Savingtheoceansisthesharedresponsibilityofthewholeworld.4．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．OceanConservancy’sTargetandDevelopmentB．OceanConservancy’sContributiontoOceans’ProtectingC．ASolutiontotheOceans’PlasticProblemsD．AStepAwayfromaHealthyEcosystem【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要以海洋疼惜協(xié)會(huì)(OceanConservancy)為話題，介紹了其從最初的疼惜鯨魚(yú)到后來(lái)成為疼惜海洋的發(fā)展歷程和成果。1．C微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段中的“Plasticisbeingeatenbysealifeaswellasentangling(纏住)them，puttingthemallatmajorrisk.”可知，塑料會(huì)被海洋生物吃掉，即海洋生物把塑料當(dāng)作食物。故選C項(xiàng)。2．B微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第四段中的“Thoughtheymadegreatprogresswiththeseanimals，theycametotheconclusionthattheseanimalscannotdevelopwellwithoutahealthy，sustainableenvironment.TheworkersofOceanConservancythenexpandedtheirfocustothemarineecosystemsandhabitats.”可知，海洋疼惜協(xié)會(huì)相識(shí)到健康且可持續(xù)的環(huán)境才能讓動(dòng)物很好地發(fā)展，于是，不再只是關(guān)注海洋動(dòng)物，而是將工作重點(diǎn)擴(kuò)大到海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和棲息地。也就是說(shuō)，是協(xié)會(huì)理念的提升和完善讓海洋疼惜協(xié)會(huì)關(guān)注海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選B項(xiàng)。3．D推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段中的“Onlywhenthecommongoalissharedbyallgroups，governments，andindividuals，willrealchangesbemade.”可知，只有當(dāng)全部團(tuán)體、政府和個(gè)人共同為“挽救海洋”這一目標(biāo)而努力時(shí)，才會(huì)產(chǎn)生真正的有效變更。由此可推知，挽救海洋是全世界的共同責(zé)任。故選D項(xiàng)。4．B標(biāo)題歸納題。依據(jù)第三段中的“TheDeltaCorporationwassetupin1972，laterknownasOceanConservancy.”可知，文章以海洋疼惜協(xié)會(huì)為話題介紹其成立的初衷“疼惜鯨魚(yú)”，后來(lái)發(fā)展成為“疼惜海洋生態(tài)”的組織的過(guò)程以及取得的成果。B項(xiàng)“OceanConservancy’sContributiontoOceans’Protecting(海洋疼惜協(xié)會(huì)對(duì)海洋疼惜的貢獻(xiàn))”貼合主題，可作標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.七選五Yourunintothegrocerystoretopickuponebottleofwater.Yougetwhatyouneed，headtothefront，andchoosethelinethatlooksfastest.Youchosewrong.Peoplewhoyousweargotinotherlineslongafteryouarealreadycheckedoutandofftotheparkinglot.__1__Itturnsout，it’sjustmathworkingagainstyou；chancesare，theotherlinereallyisfaster.Grocerystorestrytohaveenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthroughwithminimumdelay.__2__Anysmallinterruption—apricecheck，achattycustomer—canhavedownstreameffects，holdingupanentireline.Iftherearethreelinesinthestore，delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.Thinkabouttheprobability:__3__Soit’snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem.Makeallcustomersstandinonelong，snakingline—calledaserpentineline—andserveeachpersonatthefrontwiththenextavailableregister.__4__Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast-foodrestaurants.Withaserpentineline，alongdelayatoneregisterwon’tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedupbehindit.Instead，itwillslowdowneveryonealittlebitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.__5__Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly，andsomestorescan’taffordthespaceormanpower.Sowhereveryournextwaitmaybe:Goodluck.A．Whydoesthisalwaysseemtohappentoyou?B．Sowhydon’tmostplacesencourageserpentinelines?C．Someofthemmayhavestoodinaqueueforalmostanhour.D．Thechancesofyourlinebeingthefastestareonlyoneinthree.E．Howhighistheprobabilitythatyouareinthefastestwaitingline?F．Withthreeregisters，thismethodismuchfasterthanthetraditionalapproach.G．Butsometimes，asonaSundayafternoon，thesystemgetsparticularlybusy.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了雜貨店排隊(duì)方式以及探討人員提出的蛇形隊(duì)伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。1．A下文“Itturnsout，it’sjustmathworkingagainstyou；chancesare，theotherlinereallyisfaster.”說(shuō)明白上文“Youchosewrong.”的緣由，下文與空格處是因果關(guān)系，所以本空應(yīng)當(dāng)是對(duì)前文提出懷疑。故選A項(xiàng)。2．G上文“Grocerystorestrytohaveenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthroughwithminimumdelay.”說(shuō)明白雜貨店之前的工作模式，下文“Anysmallinterruption—apricecheck，achattycustomer－canhavedownstreameffects，holdingupanentireline.”描述了雜貨店的特別狀況，故本空應(yīng)當(dāng)填出現(xiàn)特別狀況的緣由。故選G項(xiàng)。3．D依據(jù)上文“Iftherearethreelinesinthestore，delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.”聯(lián)系下文“Soit’snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.”可知，本空說(shuō)的是任何一個(gè)隊(duì)伍都有可能出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。你的隊(duì)伍跑得最快的概率只有三分之一。故選D項(xiàng)。4．F依據(jù)上文“Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem.”以及下文“Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast-foodrestaurants.Withaserpentineline，alongdelayatoneregisterwon’tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedupbehindit.Instead，itwillslowdowneveryonealittlebitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.”說(shuō)明這個(gè)新方案快速有效，聯(lián)系上下文可知，空格中應(yīng)當(dāng)是與舊的結(jié)賬方案作比較。故選F項(xiàng)。5．B結(jié)合下文“Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly，andsomestorescan’taffordthespaceormanpower.”說(shuō)明白一個(gè)緣由，由此可知，空格處提出了一個(gè)問(wèn)題；通過(guò)“Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly.”可知，這里描述的是不激勵(lì)蛇形隊(duì)伍的緣由。故選B項(xiàng)。Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空KimCobb，aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta，isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics1.________arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.Travellingtoconferences，lectures，workshops，andthelike—frequentlybyplane—2.________(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.ButCobbandothers3.________(be)nowquestioningthatidea—pushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotely，and4.________(change)theirpersonalbehaviourtodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci，forexample，5.________(rough)200academics—manyoftheclimatescientists6.________(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.Cobb，7.________herparty，startedtoaskconferenceorganiserswhoinvitedhertospeakwhethershecoulddosoremotely；aboutthre