2024年全國(guó)甲卷高考英語(yǔ)試卷試題真題及答案

2024年全國(guó)甲卷英語(yǔ)一、閱讀理解EachARTSFIRSTfestivalisauniqueannualcelebrationoftheHarvardcommunity'sartisticcreativity.WeinviteyoutojoinusforthecomingARTSFIRST.WelookforwardtowelcomingyouasweshowcasethecreativityoftheHarvardartscommunitythroughperformances,artexhibitionsandart-makingactivities.ThefestivalisapubliceventforHarvardandcommunitymembersofallages.LightAwashinWatercolorLearnaboutthematerialsandqualitiesofwatercolorpaintwithexpertsfromtheHarvardArtMuseumsMaterialsLab.TryyourhandatsomeofthepaintingtricksusedbyartistswhoseworkswillbeintheupcomingexhibitionofAmericanWatercolors1880-1990:IntotheLight.SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativityFromwebstococoons,invertebrates(無(wú)脊椎動(dòng)物)createsomeofnature'smostdelicateandbeautifuldesigns.JoinJavierMarinfromtheHarvardMuseumofNaturalHistorytolearnhowinsectsandotherinvertebratesdance,inspirefashionandcreateart,whilemakingyourownspinelessartistsoutofcraft(手工藝)materials.WheelThrowingJoininstructorsfromtheCeramicsProgramandgreatpottersfromQuincy,CabotandMatherHousesfordemonstrationsusingthepotter'swheel.Thencreateyourownmasterpiece!KnittingandPom-PomMakingJointheHarvardUndergraduateKnittingCircletomakepom-pomsandtasselsoutofthread,orpickupapairofneedlesandlearntoknit(編織).1．WhatdoweknowaboutARTSFIRST?A．Itisanexhibitionofoilpaintings. B．Itoffersartcoursesforallages.C．Itpresentsrecreationalactivities. D．Itisamajortouristattraction.2．Whichprogramwillyoujoinifyou'reinterestedindrawingpictures?A．LightAwashinWatercolor. B．SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativity.C．WheelThrowing. D．KnittingandPom-PomMaking.3．WhatcanyoudotogetherwithJavierMarin?A．Practiceatraditionaldance. B．Makehandcrafts.C．Visitalocalmuseum. D．Feedinvertebrates.【答案】1．C2．A3．B【解析】1．根據(jù)文章第一段的“WelookforwardtowelcomingyouasweshowcasethecreativityoftheHarvardartscommunitythroughperformances,artexhibitionsandart-making'activities.(我們期待著您的到來(lái)，我們將通過(guò)表演、藝術(shù)展覽和藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作活動(dòng)來(lái)展示哈佛藝術(shù)界的創(chuàng)造力。)”以及下文的四個(gè)小標(biāo)題“LightAwashinWatercolor(水彩中的淡光)”；“SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativity(沒(méi)有骨氣的藝術(shù)家:無(wú)脊椎的創(chuàng)造力)”；“WheelThrowing(投擲輪子)”和“KnittingandPom-PomMaking(編織和制作毛絨球)”可推知，ARTSFIRST是提供娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)的。故選C。根據(jù)文章“LightAwashinWatercolor(水彩中的淡光)”部分中的“LearnaboutthematerialsandqualitiesofwatercolorpaintwithexpertsfromtheHarvardArtMuseumsMaterialsLab.TryyourhandatsomeofthepaintingtricksusedbyartistswhoseworkswillbeintheupcomingexhibitionofAmericanWatercolors1880—1990:IntotheLight.(與哈佛藝術(shù)博物館材料實(shí)驗(yàn)室的專家一起了解水彩顏料的材料和質(zhì)量。在即將到來(lái)的“1880—1990年美國(guó)水彩畫(huà)：進(jìn)入光”展覽中，嘗試一下藝術(shù)家們使用的一些繪畫(huà)技巧。)”可知，如果對(duì)畫(huà)畫(huà)感興趣，可以參加LightAwashinWatercolor。故選A。根據(jù)文章“SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativity(無(wú)脊椎藝術(shù)家：無(wú)脊椎動(dòng)物的創(chuàng)造力)”部分中的“JoinJavierMarinfromtheHarvardMuseumofHistorytolearnhowinsectsandotherNaturalinvertebratesdance,inspirefashionandcreateart,whilemakingyourownspinelessartistsoutofcraftmaterials.(和哈佛歷史博物館的JavierMarin一起學(xué)習(xí)昆蟲(chóng)和其他自然無(wú)脊椎動(dòng)物是如何跳舞、啟發(fā)時(shí)尚和創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)的。同時(shí)用手工材料制作你自己的無(wú)脊椎藝術(shù)家。)”可知，參與者能跟JavierMarin一起進(jìn)行手工制作。故選B。Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals(聲音)thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,

scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.Butcatsarespecialcreatureswhopossessamazingvocalizationskills.Theyareabletohaveentireconversationswithhumansusingmeowsandyou'reabletointerpretit.Ifapetcatishungry,itwillkeepmeowingtoattractattentionandfindfood.However,whenacatislookingforaffection,theytendtoproducestretchedandsoftmeows.Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother'sattentionandbefed.Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.Theywillsniffoutspecificareasbeforetheychooseaplacetorelax.However,anotherwaythecatsareabletodistinguishbetweensituationsisbylookingforfamiliarsmells.Yourcatwilllikelysmellyourfaceandstorethesmellinitsmemoryanduseittorecognizeyouinthefuture.That'swhymostpetcatsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheirownerswerearoundanyothercats,whichtheydon'tusuallylike.Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit,butcatstakethisbehaviorupanotch.Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.Thisisaveryoldhabitthat'sbeenpresentinallkindsofpredators(食肉動(dòng)物).Catsbringgiftsfortheirownerstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorablelittlehuntersarejustdoingsomethingthatit'sbeenintheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.Sojustgoalongwithit!4．Whatcanbelearnedaboutcats'meowingfromthefirstparagraph?A．It'sasurvivalskill. B．It'staughtbymothercats.C．It'shardtointerpret. D．It'sgettinglouderwithage.5．Howdoesapetcatassessdifferentsituations?A．Bylisteningforsounds. B．Bytouchingfamiliarobjects.C．Bycheckingonsmells. D．Bycommunicatingwithothercats.6．Whichbestexplainsthephrase"take...upnotch"inparagraph3?A．Performappropriately. B．Movefaster. C．Actstrangely. D．Dobetter.7．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TipsonFindingaSmartCat B．UnderstandingYourCat'sBehaviorC．HaveFunwithYourCat D．HowtoKeepYourCatHealthy【答案】4．A5．C6．D7．B【解析】4．根據(jù)第一段“Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals(聲音)thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.(動(dòng)物可以用很多方式來(lái)表達(dá)他們的需求。例如，幾乎所有的動(dòng)物都有獨(dú)特的聲音，它們依靠這些聲音來(lái)尋求幫助，嚇跑危險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物或?qū)ふ冶幼o(hù)。)”和“Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother’sattentionandbefed.(貓寶寶一出生就開(kāi)始喵喵叫，喵喵叫是為了引起媽媽的注意和被喂食。)”可知，貓叫聲是一種生存技能。故選A。根據(jù)第二段“Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.(貓有許多敏銳的感官，但它們的嗅覺(jué)令人印象深刻。它們用鼻子來(lái)評(píng)估周?chē)沫h(huán)境，尋找任何危險(xiǎn)的跡象。)”可知，寵物貓通過(guò)檢查氣味來(lái)評(píng)估不同情況。故選C。根據(jù)第三段劃線詞前半句“Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit,(狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取習(xí)慣而聞名)”和后句“Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.(許多貓會(huì)在外面隨意找到一些東西，并把它們帶給主人。)”可知，狗以取回東西而聞名，但貓可以從外邊找到東西帶回來(lái)，因此在這一行為上更上一層樓。短語(yǔ)take...upanotch是用來(lái)形容貓?jiān)趲Щ貣|西這一行為上做得更好或更出色。故選D。根據(jù)第一段“Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.(動(dòng)物可以用很多方式來(lái)表達(dá)他們的需求。)”及全文可知，文章都在介紹和解釋貓的各種行為方式，包括叫聲、嗅覺(jué)和帶回禮物的習(xí)慣，以及這些行為背后的原因和意義。所以“UnderstandingYourCat’sBehavior(了解你的貓的行為)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B。TheSaintLukastraindoesn’tacceptpassengers—itacceptsonlythesick.TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedicaltrainsthattraveltoremotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.Eachstoplastsanaverageoftwodays,andduringthattimethedoctorsandnursesonboardproviderural(鄉(xiāng)村)populationswithbasicmedicalcare,X-rayscansandprescriptions.“Peoplestartedqueuingtomakeanappointmentearlyinthemorning,”saysEmileDucke,aGermanphotographerwhotraveledwiththestaffoftheSaintLukasforatwo-weektripinNovemberthroughthevastregions(區(qū)域)ofKrasnoyarskandKhakassia.Russia’spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor’sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.TheannualarrivaloftheSaintLukasisanotherattempttoimprovethesituation.For10monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks,beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock(補(bǔ)給).Thenitstartsalloveragainthenextmonth.Moststationswaitaboutayearbetweenvisits.Doctorsseeupto150patientseveryday.Thetrain’sequipmentallowsforbasiccheckups.“Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned,”saysDucke.“Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”8．HowistheSaintLukasdifferentfromothertrains?A．Itrunsacrosscountries. B．Itreservesseatsfortheseniors.C．Itfunctionsasahospital. D．Ittravelsalongariver.9．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3aboutKrasnoyarsk?A．Itisheavilypopulated. B．Itofferstrainingfordoctors.C．Itisamoderncity. D．Itneedsmedicalaid.10．HowlongcantheSaintLukasworkwithonesupply?A．Aboutayear. B．Abouttenmonths.C．Abouttwomonths. D．Abouttwoweeks.11．WhatisDucke’sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas’services?A．Appreciative. B．Doubtful C．Ambiguous. D．Cautious.【答案】8．C9．D10．D11．A【解析】8．根據(jù)文章第一段“TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedicaltrainsthattraveltoremotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.Eachstoplastsanaverageoftwodays,andduringthattimethedoctorsandnursesonboardproviderural(鄉(xiāng)村)populationswithbasicmedicalcare,X-rayscansandprescriptions.(圣盧卡斯號(hào)是五列政府資助的醫(yī)療列車(chē)之一，前往俄羅斯中部和東部的偏遠(yuǎn)城鎮(zhèn)。每一站平均停留兩天，在此期間，船上的醫(yī)生和護(hù)士為農(nóng)村人口提供基本醫(yī)療服務(wù)、X光掃描和處方。)”可知，圣盧卡斯號(hào)與其他火車(chē)的不同之處在于它是政府資助的醫(yī)療火車(chē)，充當(dāng)醫(yī)院。故選C。第三段提到“Russia’spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor'sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.(俄羅斯的公共衛(wèi)生保健服務(wù)迫切需要現(xiàn)代化。政府一直在努力提出解決這一問(wèn)題的措施，特別是在伏爾加河以東較貧窮的農(nóng)村地區(qū)，包括通過(guò)視頻聊天安排醫(yī)生預(yù)約，擴(kuò)大財(cái)政援助計(jì)劃，激勵(lì)醫(yī)生到克拉斯諾亞爾斯克等偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)行醫(yī)。)”可以推斷，Krasnoyarsk需要醫(yī)療援助，故選D。根據(jù)第四段“For10monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks,beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock(補(bǔ)給).”(每年有10個(gè)月，火車(chē)在兩周內(nèi)?？看蠹s八個(gè)車(chē)站，然后返回地區(qū)首府進(jìn)行補(bǔ)給和重新裝貨。)”可知，圣盧卡斯號(hào)一份補(bǔ)給可以工作大約兩周.故選D。根據(jù)最后一段的““Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned,”saysDucke.“Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”(“醫(yī)生和他們的助手在這么小的空間里工作和生活，但仍然保持專注和非常關(guān)注，這給我留下了深刻的印象，”Ducke說(shuō)。這是許多農(nóng)村人獲得他們想要的治療的最好機(jī)會(huì)?！?”可知，Ducke對(duì)SaintLukas的服務(wù)持贊賞的態(tài)度，故選A?！癐didn’tliketheending,”Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,andIwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.IhadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossbyGeorgeEliot,andIwasheartbrokenwiththeending.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutitbeyondwhetherIlikeditornot.HesuggestedIthinkaboutthedifferencebetweenendingsthatIwantedforthecharactersandendingsthatwererightforthecharacters,endingsthatsatisfiedthestoryeveniftheydidn’thaveatraditionallypositiveoutcome.Ofcourse,IwouldhavepreferredadifferentendingforTomandMaggieTulliver,buttheendingtheygotdidmakethemostsenseforthem.Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.Fromthenon,ifIwantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,I’dpickupaloveromance.IfIwantedanendingIcouldn’tguess,I’dpickupamystery(懸疑小說(shuō)).OnewhereIkindofknewwhatwasgoingtohappen,historicalfiction.Choosingwhattoreadbecameeasier.Butwritingtheend—that’shard.It’shardforwritersbecauseendingscarrysomuchweightwithreaders.Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthat'sunpredictable,butdoesn’tseemtocomefromnowhere,onethatfitswhat’srightforthecharacters.That’swhythisissue(期)ofWriter’sDigestaimstohelpyoufigureouthowtowritethebestendingforwhateverkindofwritingyou’redoing.Ifit’sshortstories,PeterMountfordbreaksdownsixtechniquesyoucantrytoseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.ElizabethSimsanalyzesthefinalchaptersoffivegreatnovelstoseewhatkeypointstheyincludeandhowyoucanadaptthemforyourwork.Thisissuewon’ttellyouwhatyourendingshouldbe—that’suptoyouandthestoryyou’retelling—butitmightprovidewhatyouneedtogetthere.12．WhydidtheauthorgotoProf.Gracie?A．Todiscussanovel. B．Tosubmitabookreport.C．Toargueforawriter. D．Toaskforareadinglist.13．WhatdidtheauthorrealizeafterseeingGracie?A．Writingisamatterofpersonalpreferences.B．Readersareoftencarriedawaybycharacter.C．Eachtypeofliteraturehasitsuniqueend.D．Astorywhichbeginswellwillendwell.14．Whatisexpectedofagoodending?A．Itsatisfiesreaders’taste. B．Itfitswiththestorydevelopment.C．Itisusuallypositive. D．Itisopenforimagination.15．WhydoestheauthormentionPeterMountfordandElizabethSims?A．Togiveexamplesofgreatnovelists. B．Tostressthethemeofthisissue.C．Toencouragewritingforthemagazine. D．Torecommendtheirnewbooks.【答案】12．A13．C14．B15．B【解析】12．根據(jù)第一段““Ididn’tliketheending,”Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,andIwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.IhadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossbyGeorgeEliot,andIwasheartbrokenwiththeending.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutitbeyondwhetherIlikeditornot.(“我不喜歡這個(gè)結(jié)局，”我對(duì)我最喜歡的大學(xué)教授說(shuō)。那是我大三的時(shí)候，我正在做一項(xiàng)關(guān)于維多利亞文學(xué)的獨(dú)立研究。我剛剛讀完喬治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，讀到結(jié)尾我很傷心。格雷西教授耐心地讓我考慮一下，不要只看我喜不喜歡)”可知，作者去找格雷西教授是為了討論小說(shuō)。故選A。根據(jù)第二段“Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.Fromthenon,ifIwantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,I’dpickupaloveromance.IfIwantedanendingIcouldn’tguess,I’dpickupamystery(懸疑小說(shuō)).OnewhereIkindofknewwhatwasgoingtohappen,historicalfiction.Choosingwhattoreadbecameeasier.(這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)頓悟的時(shí)刻，我再也沒(méi)有想過(guò)同樣的結(jié)局。從那時(shí)起，如果我想讀一個(gè)保證幸福的結(jié)局，我就會(huì)選一部愛(ài)情小說(shuō)。如果我想要一個(gè)我猜不到的結(jié)局，我會(huì)選一本神秘小說(shuō)。一種是我知道會(huì)發(fā)生什么，歷史小說(shuō)。選擇讀什么變得更容易了)”可知，見(jiàn)過(guò)格雷西教授后，作者意識(shí)到了每種類型的文學(xué)都有其獨(dú)特的結(jié)局。故選C。根據(jù)第三段“Butwritingtheend—that’shard.It’shardforwritersbecauseendingscarrysomuchweightwithreaders.Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthat’sunpredictable,butdoesn’tseemtocomefromnowhere,onethatfitswhat’srightforthecharacters.(但是寫(xiě)出結(jié)局——那很難。對(duì)作家來(lái)說(shuō)很難，因?yàn)榻Y(jié)局對(duì)讀者來(lái)說(shuō)意義重大。你必須平衡創(chuàng)造一個(gè)不可預(yù)測(cè)的結(jié)局，但這個(gè)結(jié)局又不能顯得憑空而來(lái)，要適合角色的設(shè)定)”可知，人們對(duì)一個(gè)好結(jié)局的期望是結(jié)局又不能顯得憑空而來(lái)，要適合角色的設(shè)定，也就是符合故事的發(fā)展。故選B。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“That’swhythisissue(期)ofWriter’sDigestaimstohelpyoufigureouthowtowritethebestendingforwhateverkindofwritingyou’redoing.Ifit’sshortstories,PeterMountfordbreaksdownsixtechniquesyoucantrytoseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.ElizabethSimsanalyzesthefinalchaptersoffivegreatnovelstoseewhatkeypointstheyincludeandhowyoucanadaptthemforyourwork.(這就是為什么這期《Writer’sDigest》旨在幫助你找出如何為你正在寫(xiě)的任何類型的作品寫(xiě)出最好的結(jié)局。如果是短篇小說(shuō)，彼得·蒙特福德分解了六種技巧，你可以嘗試看看哪一種能幫助你完美著陸。伊麗莎白·西姆斯分析了五部偉大小說(shuō)的最后幾章，看看它們包含了哪些關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)，以及你如何將它們應(yīng)用到你的作品中)”可知，作者提到彼得·蒙福德和伊麗莎白·西姆斯是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)這期《Writer’sDigest》的主題，即幫助讀者寫(xiě)出更好的結(jié)尾。故選B。Whatismoderation(適度)?Basically,itmeanseatingonlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds.Youshouldfeelsatisfiedattheendofameal,butnottoofull.16Butitdoesn'tmeansayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.Takeyourtime.It'simportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritiousratherthanjustsomethingtoeatinbetweenmeetings.17Itactuallytakesafewminutesforyourbraintotellyourbodythatithashadenoughfood,soeatslowlyandstopeatingbeforeyoufeelfull.Eatwithotherswheneverpossible.Eatingalone,“speciallyinfrontoftheTVorcomputer,oftenleadstomindlessovereating.Andbecarefulaboutthefoodsyoukeepathand.It'smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationifyouhaveunhealthysnacksattheready,likecookies.18Controlemotional(情緒的)eating.19Manyofusalsoturntofoodtodealwithunpleasantemotionssuchassadness,loneliness,orboredom.Butbylearninghealthierwaystomanageemotions,youcanregaincontroloverthefoodyoueatandyourfeelings.20Ahealthybreakfastcanstartyourmetabolism(新陳代謝),whileeatingsmall,healthymealskeepsyourenergyupallday.Avoideatinglateatnight.Trytoeatdinnerearlierandfastfor14—16hoursuntilbreakfastthenextmorning.Studiessuggestthateatingonlywhenyou'remostactiveandgivingyourdigestivesystemalongbreakeachdaymayhelptoregulateweight.A．Eatproperlythroughouttheday.B．Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.C．Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.D．Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.E．Instead,surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.F．Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.G．Thatwon'tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.【答案】16．F17．C18．E19．B20．A【解析】16．上文“Basically,itmeanseatingonlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds,Youshouldfeelsatisfiedattheendofameal,butnottoofull.(基本上，它意味著只吃你身體需要的食物，你應(yīng)該在用餐結(jié)束時(shí)感到滿足，但不要太飽)”指出，進(jìn)餐時(shí)不要吃太飽，吃東西要適量。下文“Butitdoesn’tmeansayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.(但這并不意味著要告別你喜歡的食物)”指出，適量進(jìn)食不是要放棄吃自己喜歡的食物。F項(xiàng)“對(duì)我們?cè)S多人來(lái)說(shuō)，節(jié)制意味著比現(xiàn)在吃的少?！苯忉屃撕螢檫m量進(jìn)食。承上啟下，符合文意，選項(xiàng)中的“means”與下文一致。故選F。根據(jù)上文“Takeyourtime.It’simportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritiousratherthanjustsomethingtoeatinbetweenmeetings.(慢慢來(lái)。放慢腳步，把食物看作是有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的東西，而不僅僅是會(huì)議間隙吃的東西，這一點(diǎn)很重要)”可推知，本段主要建議讀者吃東西要細(xì)嚼慢咽，不要過(guò)于急躁。C項(xiàng)“不要在上班的路上急忙吃下一頓飯。”承接上文。符合文意。故選C。上文“It’smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationifyouhaveunhealthysnacksattheready,likecookies.(如果你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了不健康的零食，比如餅干，那么適量食用就更具挑戰(zhàn)性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于適度飲食，E項(xiàng)“相反，你應(yīng)該選擇健康的食物?！狈衔囊猓ㄗh讀者選擇健康的食物。選項(xiàng)中的“healthy”與上文中的“unhealthy”相對(duì)應(yīng)。故選E。19．根據(jù)本段首句“Controlemotional(情緒的)eating.(控制情緒化進(jìn)食)”以及下文“Manyofusalsoturntofoodtodealwithunpleasantemotionssuchassadness,loneliness,orboredom.(我們中的許多人也會(huì)求助于食物來(lái)處理不愉快的情緒，如悲傷、孤獨(dú)或無(wú)聊)”可推知，本段主要建議讀者不要情緒化的進(jìn)行暴飲暴食，要進(jìn)行健康飲食。B項(xiàng)“我們吃東西并不總是為了充饑。”指出有些人吃東西并不總是為了充饑，引出下文有些人通過(guò)食物發(fā)泄情緒。故選B。20．總結(jié)全段，下文“Ahealthybreakfastcanstartyourmetabolism(新陳代謝),whileeatingsmall,healthymealskeepsyourenergyupallday,Avoideatinglateatnight.Trytoeatdinnerearlierandfastfor14—16hoursuntilbreakfastthenextmorning.(健康的早餐可以啟動(dòng)你的新陳代謝，而吃少量健康的食物可以讓你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜進(jìn)食。盡量早點(diǎn)吃晚飯，禁食14—16個(gè)小時(shí)，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我們?cè)谝惶熘械拿總€(gè)時(shí)間段都要健康飲食。A項(xiàng)“全天合理飲食”。故選A。二、完形填空Oneday,wehadafamilydinner.Whiletheadultswerebusywiththeirserioustalkoutside,Iwasleftaloneinthe21tohelpmygrandmotherwashdishes.22mygrandmotherwouldtellmestoriesaboutherchildhood.BornjustbeforeWWII,mygrandmother23anentirelydifferentchildhoodlifestylefrommine.Shedidnothaveachancetogoto24.Likeintypicalfamilies,whereboyswere25muchmorethangirls,mygrandmahadtostayathometodo26.Theonlyopportunity(機(jī)會(huì))shecouldseizeto27waswhenherbrotherwashavingChinese28withthefamilytutor.Shewouldsitquietlyatthefarendofthelongdinnertable,listening29.ThistrainingtaughthertoreadandwriteherChineseupsidedown—askillthathasturnedouttobequite30,especiallywheneverwesharethenewspaper.Onmostweekends,mygrandmother,ayounggirlthen,andherbrotherwouldgotothe31.There,theywouldwalkthroughdeepwater,sitdowncross-leggedunderwaterandholdtheir32whiletheywatchedallactiongoingonaroundthem.ThisissomethingI33—herabilitytoopenher34underwaterandstillsitcomfortablyontheseabed.Mychildhoodisquite35comparedwithhers.Iam36thatIdidnotneedto37thehardshipslikeshedid.I'veneverfacedtheproblemof38.Iguessourdifferentchildhoodbackgroundiswhatmakesmygrandmothersuchanamazingpersonto39to:herstoriesalwaysmakemyhistorytextbooks40.21．A．sittingroom B．kitchen C．yard D．dininghall22．A．Asalways B．Bytheway C．Forexample D．Hereandnow23．A．a(chǎn)djusted B．promoted C．a(chǎn)chieved D．experienced24．A．work B．school C．court D．press25．A．favored B．tolerated C．trusted D．a(chǎn)cknowledged26．A．gardening B．homework C．business D．housework27．A．exercise B．study C．explore D．teach28．A．food B．guests C．lessons D．tea29．A．closely B．directly C．nervously D．freely30．A．professional B．a(chǎn)wkward C．simple D．practical31．A．market B．mountain C．beach D．class32．A．secret B．breath C．view D．tongue33．A．a(chǎn)dmire B．notice C．a(chǎn)dopt D．value34．A．hands B．mouth C．eyes D．a(chǎn)rms35．A．difficult B．complex C．happy D．similar36．A．grateful B．surprised C．convinced D．regretful37．A．reflectupon B．gothrough C．a(chǎn)skabout D．preparefor38．A．unemployment B．health C．education D．communication39．A．a(chǎn)ttend B．refer C．lead D．talk40．A．cometrue B．comeround C．comeout D．comealive【答案】21．B22．A23．D24．B25．A26．D27．B28．C29．A30．D31．C32．B33．A34．C35．C36．A37．B38．C39．D40．D【解析】21．。句意：當(dāng)大人們?cè)谕饷婷τ趪?yán)肅的談話時(shí)，我一個(gè)人留在廚房里幫奶奶洗碗。A.sittingroom客廳；B.kitchen廚房；C.yard院子；D.dininghall餐廳。根據(jù)下文“tohelpmygrandmotherwashdishes”可推知，此處指作者在廚房洗碗。故選B。句意：一如既往地，我的祖母會(huì)給我講她童年的故事。Asalways一如既往；B.Bytheway順便說(shuō)一句；C.Forexample例如；D.Hereandnow此時(shí)此地。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，結(jié)合下文“mygrandmotherwouldtellmestoriesaboutherchildhood”可推知，此處指作者的祖母經(jīng)常給作者講童年故事，這次一如既往的給作者講她童年的故事。故選A。句意：我的祖母出生在二戰(zhàn)前夕，她的童年生活方式與我的完全不同。A.adjusted調(diào)整；B.promoted促進(jìn)；C.achieved完成；D.experienced經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)下文“anentirelydifferentchildhoodlifestylefrommine”可推知，此處指祖母經(jīng)歷的童年與作者的不同。故選D。句意：她沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)上學(xué)。A.work工作；B.school學(xué)校；C.court法院；D.press出版社。根據(jù)下文“Theonlyopportunityshecouldseizeto____7____waswhenherbrotherwashavingChinese____8____withthefamilytutor”可推知，此處在指祖母生活的年代，她是沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)上學(xué)的。故選B。句意：就像典型的重男輕女的家庭一樣，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家務(wù)。A.favored贊成；B.tolerated容忍；C.trusted信任；D.acknowledged承認(rèn)。根據(jù)上文“Shedidnothaveachancetogotoschool.Likeintypicalfamilies”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可推知，此處指作者祖母生活的年代是重男輕女的，所以祖母才不被允許上學(xué)。故選A。句意：就像典型的重男輕女的家庭一樣，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家務(wù)。A.gardening園藝；B.homework家庭作業(yè)；C.business商務(wù)；D.housework家務(wù)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，再根據(jù)上文“mygrandmahadtostayathome”可推知，此處指作者祖母在家里做家務(wù)。故選D。句意：她唯一能抓住的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)是當(dāng)她的哥哥和家庭教師一起上語(yǔ)文課的時(shí)候。A.exercise鍛煉；B.study學(xué)習(xí)；C.explore探索；D.teach教學(xué)。根據(jù)上文“Shedidnothaveachancetogotoschool.”以及下文“withthefamilytutor”可推知，此處指祖母不被允許上學(xué)，自己找機(jī)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)。故選B。句意：她唯一能抓住的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)是當(dāng)她的哥哥和家庭教師一起上語(yǔ)文課的時(shí)候。A.food食物；B.guests客人；C.lessons課程；D.tea茶。根據(jù)上文“havingChinese”以及下文“withthefamilytutor”可推知，此處指祖母的哥哥和家庭教師一起上語(yǔ)文課。故選C。句意：她會(huì)安靜地坐在長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的餐桌的另一端，仔細(xì)地聽(tīng)著。A.closely仔細(xì)地、緊密地；B.directly直接地；C.nervously緊張地；D.freely自由地。根據(jù)上文“TheonlyopportunityshecouldseizetostudywaswhenherbrotherwashavingChineselessonswiththefamilytutor.Shewouldsitquietlyatthefarendofthelongdinnertable”可推知，此處指祖母抓住學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)，仔細(xì)地旁聽(tīng)學(xué)習(xí)。故選A。句意：這項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練教會(huì)了她把中文倒過(guò)來(lái)讀和寫(xiě)——這項(xiàng)技能被證明是非常實(shí)用的，尤其是當(dāng)我們分享報(bào)紙的時(shí)候。A.professional專業(yè)的；B.awkward令人尷尬的；C.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；D.practical實(shí)用的。根據(jù)上文“ThistrainingtaughthertoreadandwriteherChineseupsidedown”以及下文“especiallywheneverwesharethenewspaper”可推知，此處指祖母學(xué)會(huì)的技能是非常實(shí)用的。故選D。句意：在大多數(shù)周末，我的祖母，當(dāng)時(shí)還是個(gè)小女孩，和她的哥哥會(huì)去海灘。A.market市場(chǎng)；B.mountain山；C.beach海灘；D.class班級(jí)。根據(jù)下文“theywouldwalkthroughdeepwater,sitdowncross-leggedunderwater”可推知，此處指祖母和哥哥去海灘玩水。故選C。句意：在那里，他們會(huì)穿過(guò)深水，盤(pán)腿坐在水下，屏住呼吸，看著周?chē)l(fā)生的一切。A.secret秘密；B.breath呼吸；C.view視野；D.tongue舌頭。根據(jù)上文“theywouldwalkthroughdeepwater,sitdowncross-leggedunderwater”可推知，此處指祖母和哥哥在水下屏住呼吸。故選B。句意：我很欽佩她在水下張開(kāi)嘴，還能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A.admire欽佩；B.notice注意到；C.adopt采納；D.value重視。根據(jù)下文“herabilitytoopenher____14____underwaterandstillsitcomfortablyontheseabed”可推知，此處指作者佩服祖母在水里的能力。故選A。句意：我很欽佩她在水下張開(kāi)嘴，還能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A.hands手；B.mouth嘴；C.eyes眼睛；D.arms胳膊。根據(jù)上文“openher”以及下文“stillsitcomfortablyontheseabed”可推知，此處指祖母張開(kāi)嘴在水底坐著。故選C。句意：與她的童年相比，我的童年相當(dāng)快樂(lè)。A.difficult困難的；B.complex復(fù)雜的；C.happy快樂(lè)的；D.similar相似的。通讀全文，再根據(jù)“comparedwithhers”可推知，此處指與祖母的童年經(jīng)歷相比，作者的童年相當(dāng)快樂(lè)。故選C。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那樣經(jīng)歷磨難。A.grateful感激的；B.surprised驚訝的；C.

convinced深信不疑的；D.regretful后悔的。根據(jù)上文“Mychildhoodisquitehappycomparedwithhers.”可推知，此處指作者很感激自己的童年是快樂(lè)的。故選A。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那樣經(jīng)歷磨難。A.reflectupon思考；B.gothrough經(jīng)歷；C.askabout詢問(wèn)；D.preparefor準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)上文“IamgratefulthatIdidnotneed”以及下文“thehardshipslikeshedid”可推知，此處指作者感激自己不需要經(jīng)歷祖母經(jīng)歷過(guò)的那些磨難。故選B。句意：我從來(lái)沒(méi)有遇到過(guò)受教育的問(wèn)題。A.unemployment失業(yè)；B.health健康；C.education教育；D.communication溝通。通讀全文，再根據(jù)上文“Shedidnothaveachancetogotoschool.”可推知，文章主要講了祖母不被允許上學(xué)，沒(méi)受過(guò)教育的困境，所以此處指作者從來(lái)沒(méi)有遇到過(guò)受教育的問(wèn)題。故選C。句意：我想是我們不同的童年背景讓我的祖母成為了一個(gè)交談時(shí)令人驚嘆的人：她的故事總是讓我的歷史教科書(shū)鮮活起來(lái)。A.attend出席；B.refer參考；C.lead領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；D.talk對(duì)話、討論。結(jié)合上文祖母給作者講故事，再根據(jù)上文“makesmygrandmothersuchanamazingperson”可推知，此處指祖母的經(jīng)歷使祖母成為了一個(gè)交談時(shí)令人驚嘆的人。talkto“與某人交談”。故選D。句意：我想是我們不同的童年背景讓我的祖母成為了一個(gè)交談時(shí)令人驚嘆的人：她的故事總是讓我的歷史教科書(shū)鮮活起來(lái)。A.cometrue成真；B.comeround蘇醒；C.comeout出現(xiàn)；D.comealive變得生動(dòng)。根據(jù)上文“Iguessourdifferentchildhoodbackgroundiswhatmakesmygrandmothersuchanamazingpersontotalkto:herstoriesalwaysmakemyhistorytextbooks”可推知，此處指作者祖母的經(jīng)歷和故事豐富了作者的人生，使歷史書(shū)上的故事變得生動(dòng)鮮活，躍然紙上。故選D。三、語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevel,thenationalparks,inparticular,tend41(catch)ourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.Theyare42(treasure)ofAmericanheritage(遺產(chǎn)).Howdidthenationalparksystemcomeabout?Onacool,starrynightinmid-September1870,fourmenrelaxedbeforeacampfirealongtheFireholeRiverin43isnownorthwesternWyoming.They44(be)partofa15-memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfiveawesomeweeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.Whatshould45(do)withsuchabeautifulplace?Theywonderedoutloud.Thisarea,with46(it)uniqueandbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,mustbewellpreserved47allpeopleofthenationtoenjoy—asanationalpark.Theyallagreedandvowed(承諾)topromotetheideaatthe48(complete)oftheirjourney.Theirpromotionalworkpaidoff.Twoyearslater,18yearsbeforeWyomingbecameastate,YellowstonebecamethefirstnationalparkintheUnitedStatesandtheworld.Yellowstonewasthe49(large)UnitedStatesnationalpark—2.2millionacres—untilWrangell-SaintEliasinsouthernAlaska,50becameanationalmonumentin1978,tookthehonorsasanationalparkin1980with12.3millionacres.【答案】41．tocatch42．treasures43．what44．were45．bedone46．its47．for48．completion49．largest50．which【解析】41句意：盡管各級(jí)都有各種規(guī)模和類型的公園，但國(guó)家公園尤其吸引我們的注意，因?yàn)樗鼈凅w積大，種類繁多。固定搭配：tendtodosth.，表示“傾向于做某事”，不定式作賓語(yǔ)，故填tocatch。42．句意：它們是美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的瑰寶。treasure表示“寶藏”，為可數(shù)名詞，結(jié)合前文theyare，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填treasures。43．