新教材2022新高考英語(yǔ)外研版一輪總復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案：選擇性必修第一冊(cè) Unit 5 Revealing nature

語(yǔ)基夯實(shí)?課前闖關(guān)

『高考重點(diǎn)詞匯分類拓展記牢1

（一）高頻重點(diǎn)詞匯/分類記憶，用時(shí)少，功效高

I.閱讀詞匯?讀懂

默想下面單詞的含義，不會(huì)的在口中做出標(biāo)記并核對(duì)識(shí)記。

□1.samplen.□2.ancestorn.

□3.primitiveadj,□4.giantadj.

□5.mythn.□6.1egendn.

□7.evolvev.

「自主核對(duì)區(qū)］

1?樣本2.祖先；原種

3?原始的；低等的4?巨大的；特大的

5,神話6.傳說(shuō)；傳奇

7?進(jìn)化

II.核心詞匯?練通

［辨詞義?寫(xiě)詞形］

1-seedn.種子；籽

2-declinev.減少

3-goatn.山羊

4?rootn.根

5-centimetren.厘米

6-linkv.把……聯(lián)系起來(lái)；連接

7-characteristicn.特征；特性

［入語(yǔ)境?重活用］

1?（2020?新高考山東卷）Hegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspected（懷疑）

ofdrugdealing.

2,（2019?全國(guó)卷I）Biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20，000—25，000

polarbearsworldwide（遍及全世界）.

3?（2018?江蘇卷）Somesocialappcompaniesweretoblame（責(zé)備）becausethey

didn*tadequatelychecktheirusers1registration.

Ill.拓展詞匯,用活

1?distanta力.遠(yuǎn)的;遠(yuǎn)處的fdistance遠(yuǎn)方；距離

2?generatev.產(chǎn)生；倉(cāng)ll造一generationn.產(chǎn)生；一代fgenerative加。能生

成的

3-detectv.發(fā)現(xiàn)；察覺(jué)fdetectionn.發(fā)現(xiàn)；覺(jué)察fdetective偵探fdetector

n.探測(cè)器

［語(yǔ)境活用］——用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1（2020?天津卷7月）Detective（detect）AshleyJonesworksatapolicedepartment

inEngland.

2-Thepreviousgenerationhasmadegreatcontributionstotheconstructionof

hydropower.Thehydropowerstationstheybuiltgeneratehundredsofmillionsofwatts

ofelectricityeachyear.（generate）

3-ThoughthereisalongdistancebetweenTomandhisfamily,theydon'tfeel

distant,(distant)

(二)高頻短語(yǔ)串記/記牢用活，不枯燥，興趣高

單元短語(yǔ)?再現(xiàn)

1-beadisgrace是恥辱，是丟臉的事

2?benativeto源于……的；原產(chǎn)于

3-answerthecall響應(yīng)號(hào)召

4-inquestion正被討論的

5-becrowdedwith…擠滿了……

6-atthesametime同時(shí)

7-doresearchOIL..做關(guān)于……的研究

8-intheend最后，終于

9-afterall畢竟'終究

［語(yǔ)境活用］——選用左欄短語(yǔ)填空

1（2019?浙江卷6月）uAfterall,everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays，”hesaid.

“Somedaysyouneedahelpinghandandsomedaysyoucanbetheonegivingthe

helpinghand.”

2?（江蘇卷）Acenturyago,theresourceinquestionwasoil.

3?（全國(guó)卷I）Thoughnotverybig,therestaurantispopularinourarea.Itis

alwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.

4?（d匕京卷）Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheirefforts

willberewardedwithsuccessintheend.

5-HewasbomandgrewupinNorthernVirginia,buthisparentsarebothnative

toChina.

b會(huì)積累（日積月累，聯(lián)想發(fā)散）

1.各種各樣的“增加”和

“減少”

2.“責(zé)備、表?yè)P(yáng)”相關(guān)詞

①onthedecline在

匯大觀園3.“與……有關(guān)”短語(yǔ)全

下降

①blamev.&n.責(zé)接觸

②ontheincrease正在增

備①belinkedwith/to

加

②scolds責(zé)備；斥責(zé)②beconnectedwith

?increaseby增長(zhǎng)了

?criticizev.批評(píng)；指責(zé)③berelatedto

?increaseto增長(zhǎng)到

?praisev.表?yè)P(yáng)；贊揚(yáng)④beassociatedwith

⑤ontherise在上漲；在

?complimentn.恭維；⑤berelevantto

增加

贊美

⑥onthedecrease在減

少

（三）重點(diǎn)句型仿寫(xiě)/背熟巧用，造佳句，表達(dá)高

背佳句明句型巧仿寫(xiě)

What'smore，hehad

recentlyreceivedaletter

fromhisfatherpredicting1.（2019?全國(guó)卷H）當(dāng)我們

thathewouldbe"a接到一個(gè)電+話說(shuō)她入圍

disgracetoyourselfandall

時(shí)，我們以為這是個(gè)玩笑。

現(xiàn)在分詞（短語(yǔ)）作定語(yǔ)

yourfamily”.

Whenwegotacallsaying

而且，他最近剛收到父親

shnwasshort-listed,wv

的來(lái)信，預(yù)言他會(huì)成為thoughtitwasajoke.

“自己及全家人的恥

辱”。

Theyoungmanin2.（2019?天津卷）現(xiàn)在大多

question,CharlesDarwin,數(shù)大學(xué)都為一年級(jí)學(xué)生開(kāi)

wasageologistand設(shè)一門(mén)課程，專門(mén)幫助他

naturalist,fascinatedby

們?cè)趯W(xué)業(yè)和個(gè)人事務(wù)上取

rocks,plantsand

得成功。

過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作定語(yǔ)

animals.

Mostcollegesnowoffer

這個(gè)被討論的年輕人是查

first-yearstudentsacourse

爾斯?達(dá)爾文，他是一位地

speciallydesignedtohelp

質(zhì)學(xué)家和自然學(xué)家，對(duì)巖

themsucceedacademically

石、植物和動(dòng)物很著迷。andpersonally.

GregorMendelchoseto

3.（2020?全國(guó)卷I）我喜歡

studypeaplantsbecause

吃西紅柿炒雞蛋，我想它

theircharacteristicswere

“be+a春+todo”句型

easytocontrol.一定很容易做。

用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義

格雷戈?duì)?孟德?tīng)栠x擇研Ilikeeatingfriedtomatoes

究豌豆，是因?yàn)樗鼈兊奶豾itheggs,andIthoughtit

mustbeeasytocook.

性容易控制。

Scientistshopetolearn

4.（2020?全國(guó)卷n）然后我

moreaboutthisplant

sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句可以抽出時(shí)間再學(xué)一次，

warningsystem，sothat

這樣我們就可以每天一起

wecanuseittogrow

cropswithoutpesticides.練習(xí)了。

科學(xué)家們希望更多地了解ThenIcansparesometime

植物的警告系統(tǒng)，以便我tolearnitagain,sothatwe

們能在不用殺蟲(chóng)劑的情況ccnpracticetogetherevvey

下利用它種植莊稼。day.

創(chuàng)意課堂:多維突破

［以高考為導(dǎo)向強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)能力1

詞匯精研

UsuspectV.猜想；懷疑；覺(jué)得，認(rèn)為n.被懷疑者；嫌疑犯

［先練會(huì)］——單句語(yǔ)法填空

①Didn'tyounoticeanythingsuspicious(suspect)inhisbehaviour?

②Shesuspectedherhusbandoftakinghermoney.

③Theteacherwassuspiciousof/aboutthestudent'sfurtive(偷偷摸摸的)

behaviourduringtheexam.

［再寫(xiě)美］——句型轉(zhuǎn)換

④Isuspecthimtobethethief,ashecan*texplainthesourceofhismoney.

flsuspectthatheisthethief,ashecan*texplainthesourceofhismoney.(賓語(yǔ)

從句)

囪囹困房

(l)suspectsb.of(doing)sth.懷疑某人（做）某事

suspectsb.tobe/as...懷疑某人是....

(2)suspiciousadj.懷疑的；可疑的

besuspiciousof/about...對(duì)....懷疑

［佳句背誦］Hewassuspectedofstealingtheringatthepartylastnight,andthe

policewerelookingintothematter.

他被懷疑在昨晚的聚會(huì)上偷戒指，警方正在調(diào)查此事。

flcharacteristic。辦特有的；典型的n.特色；特征，特性；典型

［先練會(huì)］——單句語(yǔ)法填空

①Q(mào)uickdecisionischaracteristicofhim.

②Itischaracteristicofpeoplewhohaveonlyalittleknowledgetotry(try)to

pretendthattheyhavemuchknowledge.

［再寫(xiě)美］——微寫(xiě)作/一句多譯

③這對(duì)雙胞胎兄弟外表長(zhǎng)得相似，但是性格很不一樣。

Thetwinbrothersarealikeinappearancebutdiffergreatlyincharacter.

④忘記帶禮物來(lái)正是他的特點(diǎn)。

a?Itischaracteristicofhimtoforgettobringapresent.(characteristicadj)

b?Itistypicalofhimtoforgettobringapresent.(typicaladj)

c-Itislikehimtoforgettobringapresent.(likeprep.)

囪畫(huà)因國(guó)

(1)becharacteristicof特有的....的特征

Itischaracteristicofsb.todo某人會(huì)做....；....正是某人的作風(fēng)(特點(diǎn))

(2)charactern,性格；個(gè)性；特點(diǎn)：品行；(小說(shuō)、戲劇中的)

人物；角色；文字，符號(hào)

［佳句背誦］Asisknowntousall,MountHuashanisfamousforitsbreathtaking

cliffsanditsuniquecharacteristics.正如我們所知道的，華山以它驚人的懸崖和

它獨(dú)一無(wú)二的特征而出名。

［名師點(diǎn)津］becharacteristicof通常以表特色之意的詞作主語(yǔ)，以具有該特色

的主體作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)。

囪declinen.衰落；衰?。粶p少；下降v.衰落；減少；下降；婉言謝

絕

［先練會(huì)］——單句語(yǔ)法填空

①Lastyearsawadeclineintheeffectivedemandforsteel.

②(江蘇卷)Evenchimpmothersregularlydeclinetoshare(share)foodwiththeir

children,whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood.

③Beforethemigrantspoured,bothcountriesfaceddeclining(decline)numbersof

pupilsbecauseoflowbirthrates.

［再寫(xiě)美］一同義替換

④(2019?江蘇卷)Butbeforetheycanbeassured,moreeffortsmustbemade,

becausethepopulationofthecraneinthewildisdeclining.

fButbeforetheycanbeassured,moreeffortsmustbemade,becausethe

populationofthecraneinthewildisonthedecline/indecline.

囪囹的房

(l)adeclinein在……方面下降

indecline/onthedecline在衰退中，走下坡路

(2)declinetodo...拒絕做……

［佳句背誦］(l)Therumourspreadthattheticketsalesinthatsuburbantheatre

wasindeclineforlackofmarvelousperformances.

有謠言在傳，由于沒(méi)有精彩的表演，那個(gè)位于郊區(qū)的劇院的票房銷售正在下

降。

(2)Anincreaseincarshasresultedinthedeclineofpublictransport.

汽車的增加導(dǎo)致了公共交通的減少。

Qblamev.把....歸咎于，責(zé)怪，指責(zé)n,責(zé)任；責(zé)備，指責(zé)

［先練會(huì)］——單句語(yǔ)法填空

①(2018，江蘇卷滿分作文)1亦unwiseforustoblametheincreaseofratingson

highconsumption.

②"wastheprofessorratherthanhisassistantthatwastoblame(blame)forwhat

hadhappenedinthelab.

③(全國(guó)卷［II)Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputthe

blameonthealarmclock.

［再寫(xiě)美］一句式升級(jí)

④(普通表達(dá))Alicewasinlowspiritsbecauseshewasblamedforthebreakdown

oftheschoolcomputernetwork.

(高級(jí)表達(dá))Blamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewas

inlowspirits.(分詞作狀語(yǔ))

因時(shí)雨扃

blamesb.for(doing)sth.為（做）某事責(zé)備某人

blamesth.onsb.把某事歸咎于某人

betoblame（for...）應(yīng)（為....）承擔(dān)責(zé)任；該（為....）受責(zé)備

lay/puttheblameon...把責(zé)任歸咎于...

［佳句背誦］Insteadofblamingeachother，weshouldcommunicatemoreandput

ourselvesinothers*place.

我們應(yīng)該多交流、換位思考而不是相互責(zé)怪。

［名師點(diǎn)津］betoblame中不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，該短語(yǔ)用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)含義。

linkv.&n.把……聯(lián)系起來(lái)；連接；關(guān)聯(lián)；聯(lián)系；關(guān)系

［先練會(huì)］――單句語(yǔ)法填空

①（浙江卷）Therelationshipsyoudevelopnowwillprobablybelinkedtotheones

youvaluelater...

②（江蘇卷）Sincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfrom

disasterslinked（link）toElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.

③（2019?全國(guó)卷H改編）ThepurposeoftheHUNCHprogramistolinkspace

technologywithschooleducation.

［再寫(xiě)美］——句式升級(jí)

④（普通表達(dá)）Thegirllikesyellowthatislinkedwithconfidenceandself-respect.

（高級(jí)表達(dá)）Thegirllikesyellowlinkedwithconfidenceandself-respect.（用非謂

語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞改寫(xiě)）

囪幽的房

link...to/with把....連接/聯(lián)系起來(lái)

linkupwith...（與...）連接，（與....）結(jié)合

belinkedto/with...和....連接；和....有聯(lián)系

［佳句背誦］Accordingtoarecentsurvey,fourmillionpeopledieeachyearfrom

diseaseslinkedtosmoking.

根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，每年有四百萬(wàn)人死于與吸煙有關(guān)的疾病。

句型精析

U現(xiàn)在分詞（短語(yǔ)）作定語(yǔ)

（教材原句）What'smore,hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfather

predictingthathewouldbe"adisgracetoyourselfandallyourfamily”.

而且，他最近剛收到父親的來(lái)信，預(yù)言他會(huì)成為“自己及全家人的恥辱工

［先練會(huì)］——單句語(yǔ)法填空

①Haveyougotanythingtosend(send)?

②Haveyoureadthenovelwritten(write)byDickens?

?Listen!Thesongbeingsung(sing)isverypopularwiththestudents.

［再寫(xiě)美］——微寫(xiě)作

④這座寺廟悠久的歷史可以追溯到唐朝早期。

ThetemplehasalonghistorydatingbacktotheearlyperiodoftheTang

Dynasty.

⑤受邀參加招待會(huì)的客人中有一半是外國(guó)大使。

Halfoftheguestsinvitedtothereceptionwereforeignambassadors.

國(guó)國(guó)盼￡3

(1)現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))作定語(yǔ)表主動(dòng)、正在進(jìn)行；現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式beingdone表

被動(dòng)、正在進(jìn)行。

(2)不定式todo作定語(yǔ)表主動(dòng)、將來(lái)；不定式的被動(dòng)式tobedone表被動(dòng)、

將來(lái)；過(guò)去分詞done表被動(dòng)、完成；

注意：過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作定語(yǔ)和現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：

①語(yǔ)態(tài)不同：過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)；現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)。

Theyoungmanaccusedofstealingacarwasfromaforeigncountry.

被指控偷車的那個(gè)年輕人來(lái)自外國(guó)。

Theboyplayingfootballontheplaygroundismycousin.

正在操場(chǎng)上踢球的男孩兒是我表弟。

②時(shí)間關(guān)系上不同：過(guò)去分詞表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成；現(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)

行。

變化著的世界

<thechangingworld

thechangedworld改變了的世界

［佳句背誦］Thereisasmallriverflowingthroughthefarm.那里有一條小

河流經(jīng)農(nóng)場(chǎng)。(2020?全國(guó)卷H)

制“be+M/.+todo”句型用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義

(教材原旬)GregorMendelchosetostudypeaplantsbecausetheircharacteristics

wereeasytocontrol.

格雷戈?duì)?孟德?tīng)栠x擇研究豌豆，是因?yàn)樗鼈兊奶匦匀菀卓刂啤?/p>

［先練會(huì)］——單句語(yǔ)法填空/補(bǔ)全句子

①Today'shomeworkwaseasyto_do（do）,soMikefinisheditquicklyandwent

outtoplay.

②I'mafraidwe*llhavetoworkextrahours,forsomeproblemsarehardto

settle（很難解決）.

［再寫(xiě)美］——補(bǔ)全句子/句式升級(jí)

③（普通表達(dá)）Lastbutnotleast,Pmwarm-heartedandeasy-going.Pmeasytoget

alongwith（容易相處）.

④（高級(jí)表達(dá)）Lastbutnotleast,Pmsowarm-heartedandeasy-goingthatPm

easytogetalongwith,（so...that...句型）

回國(guó)團(tuán)蝎

句型主語(yǔ)+be+ac”?+todo

特點(diǎn)常用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義

常用的形容詞有difficult、hard>easy>comfortable>pleasant>

使用條件interesting>exciting等

不定式和句子的主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系

［佳句背誦］Amongthefourseasonsinayear,summerismyfavorite.The

morningairissogoodtobreathe.在一年的四個(gè)季節(jié)中，夏天是我最喜歡的。早

晨的空氣呼吸起來(lái)感覺(jué)如此美好。

高效演練?素養(yǎng)提能

1精題細(xì)做提能錘煉素養(yǎng)技能1

提能訓(xùn)練一閱讀理解障礙詞

I.語(yǔ)境辨義——根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫(xiě)出加黑詞的詞性及含義

1?（2020?全國(guó)卷HI）Agroupofsea-dwellingpeopleinSoutheastAsiahave

evolvedintobetterdivers,v.進(jìn)化

2?（2019?江蘇卷）Thebonestructureofourancestorsdevelopedformillionsof

yearstosupportacreaturethatwalkedonallfoursandhasarelativelysmallhead.

n.祖先

3?(江蘇卷)Nowsimilarconcernsarebeingraisedbythegiantsthatdealindata,

theoilofthedigitalage.n.巨頭

4(2020?江蘇卷)Theytestedthemen'sfitnessandrestingmetabolic(新陳代謝的)

ratesandtooksamplesoftheirbloodandfattissue,n.樣品

II.熟詞生義——根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫(xiě)出加黑詞的詞性及含義

1?Tom,acowboyfromthecountryside,isadistantrelativeofthemayor.adj.遠(yuǎn)

房的；遠(yuǎn)親的

2-IsampledthedelightsofGreekcookingfbrthefirsttime.。.品嘗

3-Theancestorofthemodembicyclewascalledapenny-farthing(前輪大后輪

小的自行車).幾(機(jī)器的)原型

4?(2020?天津卷7月)WeofferedtogiveSharonaridehome,butshedeclined,

sayingthatshefeltlikewalking?.謝絕

III.一詞多義

1.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選出characteristic的詞性及含義

A.a4.典型的；獨(dú)特的B.〃.特征；特點(diǎn)；品質(zhì)

(l)Theneedtocommunicateisakeycharacteristicofhumansociety.B

(2)WindmillsareacharacteristicfeatureoftheMallorcanlandscape.A

2.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選出decline的詞性及含義

A.〃.減少；衰落B.a減少；下降C.a謝絕

(1)1offeredtogivethemaliftbuttheydeclined.C

(2)Thenumberoftouriststotheresortdeclinedby10%lastyear.B

(3)Librariesareaninvestmentforthefutureandtheyshouldnotbeallowedtofall

intodecline.A

3.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選出distant的詞性及含義

A-Q力遙遠(yuǎn)的B.。力：不同的

C.。的.冷淡的；疏遠(yuǎn)的D.。力.心不在焉的；恍惚的

(l)Therewasadistantlookinhereyes;hermindwasobviouslyonsomething

else.D

(2)Patsoundedverycoldanddistantonthephone.C

(3)Thetimewespenttogetherisnowadistantmemory.A

(4)Theirlifeseemedutterlydistantfromhisown.B

提能訓(xùn)練二話題微寫(xiě)作(單元詞匯、句式、語(yǔ)法綜合運(yùn)用)

1?補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句

①我們的祖先在遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)期就了解了某些種子的特性。(ancestor,primitive,seed,

characteristic)

Ourancestorslearnedaboutthecharacteristicsofcertainseedsinprimitivetimes.

②農(nóng)學(xué)家一直做種子遺傳變異的研究工作。(doresearchon)

Agronomistshavebeendoingresearchonseedgeneticvariation.

③毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)這樣做的目的是培育新型種子，提高糧食產(chǎn)量。(sothat…)

Thereisnodoubtthattheydoitsothattheycancultivatenewkindsofseedsand

improvegrainyield.

④這就需要把遺傳學(xué)、育種學(xué)、分子生物學(xué)與進(jìn)化理論結(jié)合起來(lái)，對(duì)原產(chǎn)于

特定區(qū)域的種子進(jìn)行研究。(link,evolve,benativeto)

Itisnecessarytolinkgenetics,breeding,molecularbiologytoevolutionarytheory

tostudytheseeds.Thsseedsarenativetospecificregions.

⑤同時(shí)，也要對(duì)現(xiàn)有品種進(jìn)行改良，使其產(chǎn)生出更大的效益。(atthesametime,

generate)

Atthesametime,itisnecessarytoimprovetheexistingvarietiestogenerate

greaterbenefits.

2?升級(jí)平淡句

⑥將句④改為形容詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)的句子

Itisnecessarytolinkgenetics,breeding,molecularbiologytoevolutionarytheory

tostudytheseedsnativetospecificregions.

3?銜接成美文(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡銜接詞匯：nowadays,therefore)

Onepossibleversion：

Ourancestorslearnedaboutthecharacteristicsofcertainseedsinprimitive

times.Nowadays,agronomistshavebeendoingresearchonseedgenetic

variation.Thereisnodoubtthattheydoitsothattheycancultivatenewkindsofseeds

andimprovegrainyield.Therefore,itisnecessarytolinkgenetics,breeding,

molecularbiologytoevolutionarytheorytostudytheseedsnativetospecific

regions.Atthesametime,itisnecessarytoimprovetheexistingvarietiestogenerate

greaterbenefits.

提能訓(xùn)練三讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)23——用形容詞和副詞增加細(xì)節(jié)描述

I.翻譯實(shí)踐（表示憤怒）

普遍表達(dá)：她很生氣。

Shewasveryangry.

一概括描述：用適當(dāng)?shù)母痹~修飾形容詞

Shefeltterribly/extremelyangry.

一細(xì)節(jié)描述：增加憤怒的原因和表現(xiàn)十句型

憤怒的表現(xiàn)：摔門(mén)（關(guān)）、踢門(mén)（開(kāi)）、沖、說(shuō)不出話等

句型：so...that…結(jié)構(gòu)、o.?ing形式/o.-ed形式作狀語(yǔ)

其他表憤怒的詞匯：rage/fury（可和with連用）、furiously=angrily

她如此生氣以至于沖出房間，怒氣沖沖地關(guān)上門(mén)。

Shefeltsoangrythatshestormedoutoftheroom,slammingthedoorangrily

behindher.

她充滿著憤怒，幾乎一句話都說(shuō)不出來(lái)。

Boilingwith/Filledwithrage/anger/fury,shewasbarelyabletosayasingle

word.

11.迷你語(yǔ)料庫(kù)（語(yǔ)言描寫(xiě)——困境中的節(jié)日氣氛）

FireworkslituptheskyaswecelebratedtheChristmas.Thefestivaloflights

providesjoyousmomentsofhopeandunity-despitesocialdistancing.Peoplehave

risenmagnificentlytothechallengesoftheyear,andIamsoproudandmovedby

thisquietandindomitablespirit,whichshonealampofhopeacrosstheworld.

課后達(dá)標(biāo)二知能提升

［考點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)以練促學(xué)固本I

A卷——小題夯基練

I.語(yǔ)境填詞

1-Thevirushaspreviouslybeendetected（檢測(cè)）inanimalsformanyyears,but

thisisthefirstcasewhereitwastransmittedtoahumanbeing.

2-Whatonearthcanweusetogenerate（生產(chǎn)）powerwhenwerunoutofallthe

oilaroundtheworld?

3-Forpeopleinthiscountry,peacewasjustadistanK遙遠(yuǎn)的）hope.

4-Asaninternationallanguage,Englishactsasabridgelinking（聯(lián)系）all

countriestogethernowadays.

5-Itisnousecuttingoffthebranchofatreeiftheroots（根）arediseased.

6-Accordingtoscientists,ourmentalabilitiesbegintodecline（下降）fromtheage

of27afterreachingthehighestlevelat22.

7?Snowaidsfarmersbykeepingheatinthelowergroundlevels,therebysaving

theseeds（種子）fromfreezing.

8-Oneofthecharacteristics（特點(diǎn)）thatmakemedifferentfrommanypeopleis

myadaptability.

9-Theworldmovesonbecauseofthosewhoareeagertodiscoverwhattheir

ancestors（祖先）did.

10-Doyouthinkyoucouldpossiblysendmeasample（樣本）ofyournewest

product?

II.詞形轉(zhuǎn)換和動(dòng)詞的形式變換（用所給詞的正確形式填空）

1?（2020?全國(guó)卷［IDOfflcialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswith

threegenerations（generate）livingtogetherhadrisenfrom325OOOin2001to419000

in2013.

2?Thefactisthatmostpeopledidn'tbelievehistheoryofevolution（evolve）at

thattime.

3-Thegirlissoshythatshelikestokeepherdistance（distant）fromothers.

4-Greatattentionmustbepaidtolinking（link）theorywithpractice.

此固定用法和搭配（在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式）

1-Honestlyspeaking、weallsuspectedtheyoungmantobe/asapickpocket.

2?Howardhasdeclinedtocome（come）andinthatcasewecanasksomebody

else.

3-Ifyouloseyourjob,youllonlyhaveyourselftoblame(blame).

4-Anewroadwouldbeneededtolinkupwiththemainroad.

5?(2019?d匕京卷)Credibilityishardtoeam(earn)buteasytolose(lose),andthe

problemisonlygoingtogetharderfromhereonout.

6-ItisanherbnativetoChinathathasbeenusedforcenturiesasasweetener.

7?Afewdaysaftertheinterview,Ireceivedaletteroffering(offer)meadmission

totheuniversity.

8-Itischaracteristicofhimtosaythatinsuchasituation.

IV.完成句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換/一句多譯

1?在我看來(lái)，一個(gè)難以取悅的人一定很難與之共事。

Inmyopinion，amanwhoishardtopleasemustbedifficulttoworkwith.

2?在農(nóng)村工作的那些同志將于后天回來(lái)。

Thecomradesworkingicthecountrysidewillcomebackthedayaftertomorrow.

3?Thefellowwassuspectedofkillinghiswife,sohewasquestionedbythe

police.

—Suspectedofkillinghiswife,thefellowwasquestionedbythepolice.(過(guò)去分

詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))

4-Nobodywantstomakefriendswiththeboywhoissuspectedofhavingstolen

money.

fNobodywantstomakefriendswiththeboysuspectedofhavingstolen

money.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ))

5?調(diào)查完后，他們把事故歸咎于他。

(l)Aftertheinvestigation,theyblamedhimfortheaccident.(blamev.)

(2)Aftertheinvestigation,theyputtheblameonhimfortheaccident.(blamen.)

(3)Aftertheinvestigation,hewastoblamefortheaccident.(betoblame)

B卷——大題提能練

I.閱讀理解

A

(2021?北京東城區(qū)模擬)MathewWhite,anenvironmentalpsychologist,isona

missiontogiveMotherNaturetherespecthethinksshedeserveswhenitcomesto

humanhealth.Fordecades,scientistsandhealth-careprofessionalshaverecognized

thatexposuretogreenspaces,suchaspublicparksorforests,islinkedwithlowerrisks

ofallsortsofillnessescommonintheworld.Experimentalworkhasdemonstrated

variousphysiologicalresponsesthatoccurwhenpeoplespendtimeinnatural

environments:bloodpressuredrops,heartratedecreases,immunefunctionimproves,

andthenervoussystemdirectsthebodytorestanddigest.

Ashumansincreasinglypopulateurbanizedareas,theyarespendinglessandless

timeinnaturalenvironments."Butbeforedoctorscanstartadvisingtheirpatientsto

headtothenearestpark,thereisanimportantoutstandingquestionsaysWhite.

“Howmuchtimeinnaturedoyouneedtogeneratetheseapparentbenefits?”Most

oftheresearchthathaslinkedhealthoutcomeswithexposuretothenaturalworld

didn'tusefrequencyordurationofparkvisits,butrathertheamountofgreenspace

withinacertaindistanceofaperson'shome.Whitesays?”Butit'snotsomuchwhere

youlive;it*swhetheryouuseitornot.”

Sohecollecteddatatoestimatewhatdose（劑I量）ofnaturewasneededtoshow

benefitstoaperson'shealth.White'sgroupfoundtheanswer:Spendingatleasttwo

hoursinnatureperweekwasstronglycorrelatedwithself-reportsofbeingingood

healthorhavinghighwell-being."Iwasverysurprised,tobehonestsaysWhite,

whohadbeenexpectingamuchlongertime."Wehadnoideathatsuchaclear

thresholdoftimeperweekwouldemergefromthedata.”

Hewasfurthersurprisedtolearnthatitdidn'tseemtomatterhowmanytripstoa

parkpeopletook,solongastheygotintheirtwohoursperweek.Itcouldbealong

visitoneday,acoupleofhour-longtrips,threevisitsof40minutes,orfourhalf-hour

excursions.Heandhiscolleaguesspeculatethat,ifnature'sapparenthealthbenefitsare

aresultofbeingabletode-stress,thenwhateverpatternofgreenspaceexposurefits

one'sscheduleisprobablythebestwaytoachievethatgoal.

Health-carerecommendationsfbrpeopletospendtimeinnatureareprobably

yearsaway,butthemovementhasbegun.Severalorganizationsaroundtheworldare

workingtopromoteawarenessofnature'scontributiontohealth.Someresearchershave

usedtheterm“adoseofnature”toevaluatetheamountofexposureneededtogain

benefits."Thatwaskindofthedeliberatemedicalizationofthelanguagearound

natureandhealthysaysWhite.

【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了人們?cè)谧匀画h(huán)境中會(huì)產(chǎn)

生各種生理反應(yīng)：血壓下降、心率下降、免疫功能改善、神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)引導(dǎo)身體休息

和消化。每周至少在自然中待上兩個(gè)小時(shí)與良好的健康狀況或擁有高幸福感的自

我報(bào)告密切相關(guān)。

1?White'sresearchfocusedon.

A?requiredamountofgreenspace

B.benefitsfromtheexposuretonature

C-necessarytimelengthofnaturevisits

D.physicalresponsestooutdooractivities

C詳細(xì)分析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的usaysWhite.Howmuchtimein

naturedoyouneedtogeneratetheseapparentbenefits?'Mostoftheresearchthat

haslinkedhealthoutcomeswithexposuretothenaturalworlddidn*tusefrequencyor

durationofparkvisits,butrathertheamountofgreenspacewithinacertaindistanceof

aperson'shome”可知，對(duì)于以前大部分的研究來(lái)說(shuō)，都沒(méi)有研究公園的參觀頻率

和持續(xù)時(shí)間。由此可推知，懷特的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容就是對(duì)于公園綠地的使用頻率和

使用時(shí)間。故C項(xiàng)necessarytimelengthofnaturevisits（訪問(wèn)自然的必要時(shí)長(zhǎng)）符合

以上推理。故選C。

2?Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"thresholdoftime“inparagraph3probably

mean?

A-Maximumtime.B.Minimumtime.

C-Adequatetime.D.Averagetime.

B詳細(xì)分析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“‘Iwasverysurprised,tobe

honestsaysWhite,whohadbeenexpectingamuchlongertime.v可知，原本懷特

是認(rèn)為大家會(huì)花很多時(shí)間在大自然中，但是數(shù)據(jù)卻讓他大吃一驚。由此可推知，

人們每周花在大自然中的時(shí)間是非常少的。故B項(xiàng)Minimumtime.（最少時(shí)間）就是

畫(huà)線短語(yǔ)想表達(dá)的含義。故選B。

3-Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninferthatWhite.

A?isconfidentabouthismission

B-iswillingtocooperatewithothers

C?haspersuadedotherstoaccepthisidea

D.hasadoptedthetermforhisresearchresult

A詳細(xì)分析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的^Someresearchershaveused

theterm'adoseofnature5toevaluatetheamountofexposureneededtogain

benefits.4Thatwaskindofthedeliberatemedicalizationofthelanguagearound

natureandhealth/saysWhite.”可知，懷特對(duì)于其他研究人員所得出的結(jié)論表

示不贅同。由此可推知，懷特更加相信自己的觀點(diǎn)。故選A。

4-What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?

A?RespectforNature

B.NatureasMedicine

C?PresentfromNature

D.MissioninNature

B詳細(xì)分析：標(biāo)題歸納題。文章主要介紹了人們?cè)谧匀画h(huán)境中會(huì)產(chǎn)生各種

生理反應(yīng)：血壓下降、心率下降、免疫功能改善、神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)引導(dǎo)身體休息和消化。

每周至少在自然中待上兩個(gè)小時(shí)與良好的健康狀況或擁有高幸福感的自我報(bào)告密

切相關(guān)。所以B項(xiàng)NatureasMedicine（自然作為藥物）就是本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選

Bo

B

（2021?安徽池州質(zhì)檢）TheWallStreetJournalrecentlypublishedanexcellent

articlepennedbyWendyBoundsonahottopichereatMNN:t