2022年廣東省汕頭市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷

2021-2022學(xué)年廣東省汕頭市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1．答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2．選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3．非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AUSATODAY10Best’sReadersChoiceAwardsarecurrentlyonhold.Weaskedourreaderstovoteforthetopeventsacrosssixcategories:music,generalfood,specialtyfood,film,culturalandemergingindustries(foundedinthepastfiveyears).Thesearesomeofthewinners:KutztownFolkFestivalThenine-dayKutztownFolkFestivalisthenation’soldestcontinuouslyoperatedfolklifefestival,drawingvisitorsfromaroundtheglobe.AcelebrationofPennsylvaniaDutchcultureandheritage,theeventincludesAmerica’slargestquiltsale,200craftsmenandfolkartists,localfoodandfamilyfriendlyentertainment.WaterLanternFestivalTheWaterLanternFestivalisallaboutconnections.MagicalnightsincitiesacrosstheUSincludefood,livemusicandthebeautyofthousandsoflanternsdecoratedwithlettersoflove,hopeanddreamsfloatingonthewater.CarnavalofQuebecTheQuebecCarnavalisa10-dayfestivalofwinter,theworld’slargest,completewithnighlparades(慶祝游行）,iceskating,snowsculpturesandatoweringicepalace.Otherhighlighlsincludeicecanoeracing,asugarshackandiconicCariboudrinks.SanFranciscoChineseNewYearParadeSanFranciscohascelebrateditsChineseheritageduringitsannualChineseNewYearFestival&ParadesincejustaftertheGoldRush.Theparaderanksamongthebestintheworld,with100units,fancycostumes,fireworksanda268-footGoldenDragon,whichtakesateamof100menandwomentomarchthroughthestreets.Ithasbecomeoneofthelargesteventsofitskindintheworld,drawingsomethreemillionspectatorsandtelevisionviewers.21.WhatcanyouseeduringKutztownFolkFestival?A.Modernarts. B.Quiltsforsale.C.Traditionalweddings. D.Showsonstage.22.Whichfestivalismeanttopromoteinterpersonalrelationships?A.KutztownFolkFestival.B.CarnavalofQuebec.C.WaterLanternFestival.D.SanFranciscoChineseNewYearParade.23.CarnavalofQuebecandSanFranciscoChineseNewYearParadeboth______.A.includespecialfoodB.relatetoparadesC.takeplaceonlyatnightsD.havesculptureexhibitionsBThirteen-year-oldKayleehasalotoffriends—532,actually,ifyoucountupheronlinefriends.Andshespendsalotoftimewiththem.ButisitpossiblethatKaylee’sonlinefriendshipscouldbemakingherlonely?That’swhatsomeexpertsbelieve.Connectingonlineisagreatwaytostayintouch,theysay.However,someexpertsworrythatmanykidsaresobusyconnectingonlinethattheymightbemissingoutontruefriendships.Couldthisbetrue?Duringyourparents’childhoods,connectingwithfriendsusuallymeantspendingtimewiththemintheflesh.KidsplayedScrabblearoundatable,notWordsWithFriendsontheirphones.Whenfriendsmissedeachother,theypickedupthetelephone.Friendsmightevenwriteletterstoeachother.Today,mostcommunicationtakesplaceonline.Atypicalteensends2,000textsamonthandspendsmorethan44hoursperweekinfrontofascreen.Muchofthistimeisspentonsocialmediaplatforms.Infact,inmanyways,onlinecommunicationcanmakefriendshipsstronger,“There’sdefinitelyapositiveinfluence.Kidscanstayinconstantcontact,whichmeanstheycansharemoreoftheirfeelingswitheachother,”saysKatieDavis,co-authorofTheAppGeneration.Otherexperts,however,warnthattoomuchonlinecommunicationcangetinthewayofformingdeepfriendships.“Ifweareconstantlycheckinginwithourvirtualwords,wewillhavelittletimeforourreal-worldfriendships.”saysLarryRosen,aprofessoratCaliforniaStateUniversity.Rosenalsoworriesthattoday’skidsmightmistakethe“friends”onthesocialmediafortruefriendsinlife.However,intoughtimes,youdon’tneedsomeonetolikeyourpictureorshareyourblogs.Youneedsomeonewhowillkeepyoursecretsandholdyourhand.Youwouldliketotalkfacetoface.24.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tosummarizethetext. B.Tobringupadiscussion.C.Totellabouttruefriends. D.Toencourageonlinefriendship.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“intheflesh”meaninParagraph3?A.Inperson. B.Inadvance. C.Insilence. D.Inaword.26.WhatisKatie’sattitudetowardsonlinecommunication?A.Worried. B.Positive. C.Confused. D.Unconcerned.27.WhatviewdoesRosenhold?A.It’swisetoturntofriendsonline.B.It’seasiertodevelopfriendshipsinreality.C.Socialmediahelppeoplestaycloselyconnected.D.Teenagersneedfocusonreal-worldfriendships.CJapaneseresearchersaregeneticallychangingmosquitoessothattheybecomecarriersofavaccine(疫苗)thatcouldvaccinatemillionsforfree.Theresearchershavealreadygeneticallychangedamosquitospeciessothatitssaliva(唾液)containsaproteinthatactsasavaccineagainstleishmaniasis(利什曼?。?adeadlydiseasethatleadstoterribleskinproblems.Theteamconfirmedthatmicebittenbythegenetically-engineeredmosquitodevelopedanantibodytothedisease,meaningtheyhadbuiltupimmunity(免疫力).“Youwouldbevaccinatedwithoutevennoticing.Youwouldn’tneedanydrugandyouwouldn’tneedtoshowupatafixedplaceformassvaccinations,”saidShigetoYoshida,theassociateprofessorwhohasledtheresearch.“Repeatedbiteswouldonlystrengthentheimmunity.”Similarlythemosquitoescouldbeusedtohelptreatmalaria(瘧疾),perhapsadecadefromnow,saidthemalariaexpert.Nearlyonemillionpeopledieeachyearfrommalaria----mostofthemarechildren----mainlyinAfricaandAsia,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.Nowaproblemisthatnoeffectivevaccineexists.“Thereisatreatmentthatworks,butitisbeyondthereachofpeoplewhoneedtoworryaboutfoodfortomorrow,”Yoshidasaid.However,Yoshidaexpectsthatthegenetically-engineeredmosquitowillfinallyhelpwipeoutthedeadlydiseaseinthedevelopingworld.“Technicallyspeaking,Ibelieveit’samatterof10yearsorso,butit’snotclearwhethersocietywouldacceptit,”hesaid.Anotherproblemisthatthegenetically-engineeredmosquitomaystillpickupandspreadtheinfectedbloodofapersonwhohasalreadycaughtmalaria.Yoshida’steamishopingitcansolvethisproblembydevelopingamosquitospeciesthatkillsthemalariavirusinsideitsownbody.28.Howhavescientiststurnedmosquitoesintocarriersofavaccine?A.Bychangingtheirgenes. B.Bykillingthevirusintheirbodies.C.Bylettingthembitemice. D.Byinjectingvaccinesintotheirbodies.29.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanadvantageofusingmosquitoesasvaccinecarriers?A.It’sfreeofcharge. B.It’sconvenient.C.It’smoreeffective. D.It’sunnoticeable.30.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Peoplewelcometheideaofusingmosquitoestotreatmalaria.B.Mosquitoescarryingvaccinesmaystillspreadmalaria.C.Itisnotlongbeforepeoplewillusemosquitoestogetridofmalaria.D.Amosquitocankillthemalariavirusinsideitsownbody.31.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto______.A.introduceapossiblesolutiontomalariaB.encouragepeopletousemosquitoestofightagainstdiseasesC.showthatJapanhasveryadvancedtechnologyD.callonpeopletohelppeoplesufferingfrommalariainAfricaandAsiaDWealreadyknowthatsaltcanleadtoheartdisease.Butcoulditalsoaffectourmind?Scientistsfoundthatahigh-saltdietcausedcognitiveimpairmentsinmiceanditcouldproducethesameeffectonhumans.CostantinoIadecola,directoroftheFeilFamilyBrainandMindResearchtheInstitute,saidtheyfedthemiceeighttosixteentimestheirnormalsaltintakeandthentestedthemice.Afteraboutthreemonths,themicehadabigchangeintheirbehavior.Miceareverycurious,andtheyliketolookfornewthings.However,thetestedmicelosttheabilitytoidentifyanormalobject.Whenthemicewereputintheircageandaskedtofindaquietspot,theydidnotrememberwherethequietspotwas.Thenwhenthemicewerebuildinganest,whichissomethingthemicedodaily,they,wereunabletodoso.Theresearchsuggestedhumanswouldexperienceasimilarresponse.StudieshaveshownAustralianseatarounddoubletherecommendedamountofsalteachday,mostofitcomingfromprocessedfood.Dr.LadecolasaidtheestimatedtwoteaspoonsofsalttheaverageAustralianeatseachdaycouldaffectthebrainfunctioninthelongterm.However,thedeclinemightnotbeasobviousasinthemice,whoweregivenextremelyhighlevelsofsalt.“Butprobablyoveryearsandperhapsdecades—asopposedtoafewmonthsforthemouse—evenlowerlevelsofsaltmayhaveaterribleeffect,”Drladecolasaid.“Highlevelsofsaltcauseseriousimmunechangesintheorgansinandaroundthestomach,resultinginanalmostautoimmuneeffectonthebrain.Itispartofagrowingbodyofevidencethatwereallyarewhatweeat,”BryceVissel,directoroftheCentreforNeuroscienceattheUniversityofTechnologySydney,said.“Thosechangesinturncauseallsortsofresponsesinthebody,whichovertimecertainlycontributetocognitiveimpairments.”32.Whichcandescribethetestedmice?A.Theyremainedquietallday. B.Theybecamesmarterthanever.C.Theyforgotsomeroutinethings. D.Theywerequickatfindingobjects.33.WhatdoweknowaboutAustralians?A.Theyignorehealthadvice. B.Theyhaveahigher-saltdiet.C.Theydislikeprocessedfood. D.Theyvaluetheirbrainhealth.34.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?A.StudiescarriedoutbyBryceVissel.B.Immunechangesbroughtaboutbysalt.C.Effectsofdailydietsonhumanbehaviors.D.Linksbetweensaltintakeandbraindamage.35.Whatdoesthetextsuggest?A.Brainhealthcountsmuch. B.Thebodynevertellsalie.C.Low-saltdietistobeadvocated. D.Heartdiseasescanbeprevented.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Formostofus,stressisarealityandlearninghowtodealwithitisveryimportantinourgrowth.Afterall,stressgoeshandinhandwithchange,andourlifeisallaboutchange.___36___Weallbehaveabitdifferentlyaccordingtodifferenttypesofstress.Herearesomehelpfultipstohelpyou.Eatright.Researchshowssnackfoodsaretheworstthingstohavewhenyou’restressed.Besides,theyarenotthebestwaytokeephealthy.___37___Getmoving.Mostofoureverydaystressisrelatedtoschool,work,orahostofemotionalissues.___38___Whenwe’reunderalotofstress,ourbodiescandevelopalotofmuscletension.Regularexercisecanhelpyourelaxandfeelbetter.___39___Essayswon’twritethemselves,andgoodgradesrequirehardwork.Don’tthinkmuchaboutthebadthings.Giveyourselfcreditwhereyoucanimproveyourself.Stressisaclearsignofworry,butitdoesn’tmeanyoursituationishopeless.Speakup.Thebreakupofyourfavoriterockbandisn’ttheendoftheworld,butsometimeslifedoesthrowsomerealproblemsatyou.Butdon’tletthestresseatyouup.___40___Ifyou’refeelingseriouslydepressedandunabletokeepupwithschoolandlife,speaktoafamilymemberoryourdoctor.A.Staypositive.B.Talktoatrustedfriend.C.Peoplecouldnotthinkclearlywhenunderstress.D.Theolderapersonis,themorestressedhefeels.E.There’ssimplynowaytogetridofstresscompletely.F.However,abitofphysicalactivitycanhelpusworkitoff.G.Sure,everyonelikesalittlecomfortfood,butyou’llneedabalanceddiet.第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Whenyoumeasurethedistancebetweentownsonfoot,walktoplacesthatyouthoughtcouldonlybereachedbycaranditwillchangeyourmind.IliveinthesuburbnorthofSanFrancisco,and___41___isconsideredthemaintransportationformostpeoplehere.Istillrememberhow___42___IwaswhenIfirstlearnedtodrive.Whiledrivingwithmusicgently___43___myheart,Iwasfilledwithjoy.However,astimewentby,thatexcitement___44___.Ifeareddriving,andfeltworriedandupset.EveryoneseemstobeinmywayespeciallywhenIamina___45___.Onenight,adeerranoutfromthedark,knockedagainstmymovingcar,and___46___acrossthestreet.Ididn’tdaretogetoutofmycartoseeher.Cryingonthe___47___,Ihatedmycar.WhenIjoinedthe21-daymindfulwalking___48___,Ibegantowalkwithamind.Duringthewalkingdays,Ismiledateverystranger___49___byme.IwalkedtothestreetsthatI___50___wouldnotpassthroughand___51___atinyfreelibraryonthesidewalk.Ibeganto___52___ifIhadreallylivedinthistownalltheseyears.It’sacompletely___53___townthatIknowsolittleabout!Ifeltdeeply___54___forthewalkingchallenge.MaybeIwillsetfootonfarlandsagain,yetIknow___55___isrighthereandrightnow.41.A.walking B.driving C.flying D.biking42.A.anxious B.surprised C.excited D.ready43.A.attacking B.hitting C.recovering D.comforting44.A.wentdown B.spreadout C.fellapart D.tookover45.A.mess B.way C.hurry D.corner46.A.came B.jumped C.landed D.ran47.A.wheel B.carpet C.street D.shelter48.A.organization B.challenge C.schedule D.competition49.A.standing B.judging C.passing D.dropping50.A.obviously B.actually C.normally D.formally51.A.discovered B.built C.decorated D.rented52.A.comment B.question C.argue D.check53.A.special B.romantic C.quiet D.new54.A.grateful B.hungry C.sorry D.doubtful55.A.fortune B.wonder C.concern D.pressure第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）第二部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Environmentalproblemsaresignificantinmanypeople’sminds,butit’s___56___youngergenerationwhoisparticularlyconcernedaboutthefutureofourplanet.Fromglobalschoolstrikesforclimatechangeaction___57___teenactivists(積極分子),kidsarenowtakingitintotheirownhands.___58___(inspire)thislovefortheearth,anewlawthatrequiresstudentstoplant10treeseachbeforegraduationwaspassedinthePhilippinesonMay15,2019.Inthepastyears,thePhilippines,anAsiancountry,___59___(lose)morethan30%ofitsforestcover.Luckily,175milliontreescouldbeplantedbystudentseachyearunderthe___60___(fantasy)program.Theactionofplanting10treesisextremelyeasyfortheaveragestudent,___61___theireasyandsmallactionswilladdupquicklytoworkwonders.Infact,thisisn’ttheonlypositiveprogram___62___(involve)theyoungergeneration.SomeschoolsinIndiamadestudentspaytheir“schoolfees”bycollectingandrecyclinganyplasticwaste___63___waslyingacrossthetown.Thisactivityhasraisedthe___64___(aware)ofplasticwasteinAsiancountries.Besides,moststudentstherearemakingschoollifegreenerbyremovingtheplugfrom___65___(it)powersupplyinsteadofjustturningoffthedevice,suchasthecomputerintheclassroom.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）如今，越來越多的學(xué)生帶手機(jī)上學(xué)，這已經(jīng)引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下表所提供的信息，寫一篇80詞左右的演講稿，反映這一現(xiàn)象并發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。大多數(shù)學(xué)生的觀點(diǎn)部分老師及家長(zhǎng)的觀點(diǎn)1.便于和父母及朋友聯(lián)系2.增加樂趣，豐富學(xué)生的生活1.分散注意力，不能集中精力學(xué)習(xí)2.花費(fèi)高你的觀點(diǎn)……核心要點(diǎn)提示：1.infavourof2.keepintouch3.concentrateon4.spendtoomuchmoneyon...注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）“Idon’twanttogo.”Mariamovedherfeetslightlyandhunghershoulders.Momcontinuedpackingabag.“We’regoingtoUncleRich’sinMontanaforsummervacation.He’syourfather’sbrother,andwegothereeveryyear.”Mariastormedoutofhermom'sroomandsaidangrily,“Nobodyeverthinksofme!”“That’senough.We'regoing.”repliedMomangrily,too.TheirAugustvacationcamesoonerthanMariawanted.Beforesheknewit,sheandthefamilywereatUncleRich’sfarm.UncleRichgrabbedherdadandhuggedhim.Mariagrabbedherbag,“I’mgoingtomyroom.”“Waitaminute,Maria,”saidUncleRich.“Ihavegotsomethingtoshowyou.”Atthebarn(牲口棚)Mariasawthehorse.Itwasofmediumsize.Ithadafine,softblackcoatandonewhitefoot.Therewasawidewhitepatch(斑)thatrandownthecenterofitsface.Mariafellinlovewithitatfirstsight.“Wow!Whatahorse!”“He'samustang,”saidUncleRich.“Mustangsarefreehorseswholiveinthewild.Wefoundhimstuckinthemuddownbytheriver.MyfriendandIropedhimandmanagedtogethimout.”Mariakickedthedirt.“CanIhelpcareforhim?”Thenshefeltherheartbeatinginexpectation.UncleRichlaughed.“Youbet.Themorehandswehave,thebetter.Justdon’tgettooattached.Oncewe’resurehe’sokay,wewillhavetosethimfree.Mustangswentfromoveramillionatthebeginningofthe20thcenturytolessthan17,000in1970.Theywerehuntedillegallyformeat.”注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Paragraph1:Hearingthis,Mariafeltherstomachturn._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Mariahurriedbacktothebarninaflash._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）【答案】1-5CBBCA6-10AACCB11-15CBCCA16-20ABACC第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）【答案】21-23BCB【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了《今日美國》評(píng)選的十佳讀者選擇獎(jiǎng)，列舉了幾個(gè)榜上有名的重大事件和活動(dòng)。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“AcelebrationofPennsylvaniaDutchcultureandheritage,theeventincludesAmerica’slargestquiltsale,200craftsmenandfolkartists,localfoodandfamilyfriendlyentertainment.”可知，在這一節(jié)慶活動(dòng)中包括全美最大型的被子展銷。故選B項(xiàng)。22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“TheWaterLanternFestivalisallaboutconnections.MagicalnightsincitiesacrosstheUSincludefood,livemusicandthebeautyofthousandsoflanternsdecoratedwithlettersoflove,hopeanddreamsfloatingonthewater.”可知，這一節(jié)慶活動(dòng)中，人們可以通過燈籠來傳達(dá)各種感情，借此增進(jìn)人與人之間的聯(lián)系。故選C項(xiàng)。23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“theworld’slargest,completewithnighlparades(慶祝游行）”和第五段中“SanFranciscohascelebrateditsChineseheritageduringitsannualChineseNewYearFestival&Parade”可知，兩個(gè)事件中都有游行活動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。【答案】24-27BABD【解析】這是一篇議論文?，F(xiàn)在的青少年把更多的時(shí)間用在網(wǎng)上交友，這樣的現(xiàn)象讓專家很擔(dān)憂，專家認(rèn)為青少年如不斷地關(guān)注虛擬世界，他們將幾乎沒有時(shí)間與現(xiàn)實(shí)世界建立友誼，從而錯(cuò)過了真正的友誼。24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thirteen-year-oldKayleehasalotoffriends—532,actually,ifyoucountupbothherInstagramfollowersandFacebookfriends,Andshespendsalotoftimewiththem.(13歲的凱莉有很多朋友——實(shí)際上有532個(gè)，如果你把她在Instagram上的粉絲和Facebook上的朋友都算上的話，而且她花了很多時(shí)間和他們?cè)谝黄?”以及第二段中“ButisitpossiblethatKaylee’sonlinefriendshipscouldbemakingherlonely?(但有沒有可能她網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的朋友讓她感到孤獨(dú)呢？)”可推知，第一段闡述了一種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，目的是提出一個(gè)討論的話題，從而引出下文對(duì)于這樣話題的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。25.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線短語上文“Duringyourparent’schildhoods,connectingwithfriendsusuallymeantspendingtimewiththem”以及后文“KidsplayedScrabblearoundatable,notWordsWithFriendsontheirphones.”可知，在你父母的童年時(shí)期，與朋友相處通常意味著親自花時(shí)間與他們?cè)谝黄?。孩子們圍著桌子玩拼字游戲，而不是在手機(jī)上玩WordsWithFriends。由此推知，intheflesh意為“親自”。A.Inperson.親自；B.Inadvance.提前；C.Insilence.沉默地；D.Inaword.總之。故選A。26.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Infact,inmanyways,onlinecommunicationcanmakefriendshipsstronger,“There’sdefinitelyapositiveinfluence.Kidscanstayinconstantcontact,whichmeanstheycansharemoreoftheirfeelingswitheachother,”saysKatieDavis,co-authorofTheAppGeneration.(事實(shí)上，在很多方面，網(wǎng)上交流可以讓友誼更加牢固。孩子們可以保持經(jīng)常的聯(lián)系，這意味著他們可以彼此分享更多的感受，”《應(yīng)用程序世代》的合著者凱蒂·戴維斯說)”可推知，Katie對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)交流持樂觀態(tài)度。故選B。27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““Ifweareconstantlycheckinginwithourvirtualwords,wewillhavelittletimeforourreal-worldfriendships.”saysLarryRosen,aprofessoratCaliforniaStateUniversity.Rosenalsoworriesthattoday’skidsmightmistakethe“friends”onthesocialmediafortruefriendsinlife.(“如果我們不斷地使用虛擬世界的語言，我們就沒有多少時(shí)間來處理現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中的友誼了。加州州立大學(xué)教授拉里·羅森說。羅森還擔(dān)心，現(xiàn)在的孩子可能會(huì)把社交媒體上的“朋友”誤認(rèn)為生活中真正的朋友)”可推知，Rosen認(rèn)為青少年需要關(guān)注現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的友誼。故選D?！敬鸢浮?8-31ACBA【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種可能的瘧疾解決方案。28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Japaneseresearchersaregeneticallychangingmosquitoessothattheybecomecarriersofavaccine(疫苗)thatcouldvaccinatemillionsforfree.”（日本研究人員正在改變蚊子的基因，使它們成為一種疫苗的攜帶者，這種疫苗可以為數(shù)百萬人免費(fèi)接種）可知，科學(xué)家通過轉(zhuǎn)變它們的基因?qū)⑽米愚D(zhuǎn)化為疫苗的載體。故選A。29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Nowaproblemisthatnoeffectivevaccineexists.”（現(xiàn)在的問題是沒有有效的疫苗存在）可知，C項(xiàng)It’smoreeffective.（這是更有效的）不是利用蚊子作為疫苗載體的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選C。30.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Anotherproblemisthatthegenetically-engineeredmosquitomaystillpickupandspreadtheinfectedbloodofapersonwhohasalreadycaughtmalaria.”（另一個(gè)問題是，這種基因改造的蚊子仍然可能感染并傳播已經(jīng)感染瘧疾的人的血液）可知，攜帶疫苗的蚊子可能仍然傳播瘧疾。故選B。31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Yoshida’steamishopingitcansolvethisproblembydevelopingamosquitospeciesthatkillsthemalariavirusinsideitsownbody.”（吉田的團(tuán)隊(duì)希望通過培育一種能殺死自身體內(nèi)瘧疾病毒的蚊子來解決這個(gè)問題）可知，這篇文章的主要目的是介紹一種可能的瘧疾解決方案。故選A?！敬鸢浮?2-35CBDC【解析】這是一篇說明文?？茖W(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，高鹽飲食會(huì)導(dǎo)致老鼠的認(rèn)知障礙，對(duì)人類也會(huì)產(chǎn)生同樣的影響。文章介紹了這項(xiàng)研究開展的過程以及發(fā)現(xiàn)，研究表明，澳大利亞人每天攝入的鹽大約是推薦量的兩倍，其中大部分來自加工食品，指出高鹽飲食會(huì)導(dǎo)致認(rèn)知障礙，提倡低鹽飲食。32.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,thetestedmicelosttheabilitytoidentifyanormalobject.Whenthemicewereputintheircageandaskedtofindaquietspot,theydidnotrememberwherethequietspotwas.Thenwhenthemicewerebuildinganest,whichissomethingthemicedodaily,they,wereunabletodoso.(然而，被測(cè)試的老鼠失去了識(shí)別正常物體的能力。當(dāng)老鼠被關(guān)進(jìn)籠子，被要求找一個(gè)安靜的地方時(shí)，它們不記得安靜的地方在哪里。然后，當(dāng)老鼠在筑巢時(shí)——這是老鼠每天都要做的事情——它們無法這樣做了)”可推知，被測(cè)試的老鼠忘記了一些日常的事情。故選C。33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“StudieshaveshownAustralianseatarounddoubletherecommendedamountofsalteachday,mostofitcomingfromprocessedfood.Dr.LadecolasaidtheestimatedtwoteaspoonsofsalttheaverageAustralianeatseachdaycouldaffectthebrainfunctioninthelongterm.(研究表明，澳大利亞人每天攝入的鹽大約是推薦量的兩倍，其中大部分來自加工食品。Ladecola博士說，澳大利亞人平均每天攝入兩茶匙的鹽，長(zhǎng)期來看可能會(huì)影響大腦功能)”可知，澳大利亞人的飲食含鹽量高。故選B。34.主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段““Highlevelsofsaltcauseseriousimmunechangesintheorgansinandaroundthestomach,resultinginanalmostautoimmuneeffectonthebrain.Itispartofagrowingbodyofevidencethatwereallyarewhatweeat,”BryceVissel,directoroftheCentreforNeuroscienceattheUniversityofTechnologySydney,said.“Thosechangesinturncauseallsortsofresponsesinthebody,whichovertimecertainlycontributetocognitiveimpairments.”(悉尼科技大學(xué)神經(jīng)科學(xué)中心主任BryceVissel說：“高濃度的鹽會(huì)導(dǎo)致胃內(nèi)外器官嚴(yán)重的免疫變化，幾乎會(huì)對(duì)大腦產(chǎn)生自身免疫效應(yīng)。有越來越多的證據(jù)表明，吃什么決定人的性格，這是其中的一部分。這些變化反過來會(huì)引起身體的各種反應(yīng)，久而久之肯定會(huì)導(dǎo)致認(rèn)知障礙。”)”可知，最后一段主要講了鹽攝入和腦損傷之間的聯(lián)系。故選D。35.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Scientistsfoundthatahigh-saltdietcausedcognitiveimpairmentsinmice?anditcouldproducethesameeffectonhumans.(科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，高鹽飲食會(huì)導(dǎo)致老鼠的認(rèn)知障礙，對(duì)人類也會(huì)產(chǎn)生同樣的影響)”結(jié)合文章介紹了這項(xiàng)研究開展的過程以及發(fā)現(xiàn)，研究表明，澳大利亞人每天攝入的鹽大約是推薦量的兩倍，其中大部分來自加工食品，指出高鹽飲食會(huì)導(dǎo)致認(rèn)知障礙，提倡低鹽飲食?？赏浦?，文章提倡低鹽飲食。故選C?！敬鸢浮?6-40EGFAB【解析】本文是一篇說明文。壓力是自然而來的，學(xué)會(huì)掌控它很重要。本文主要列舉了一些處理壓力的建議。36.根據(jù)后文“Weallbehaveabitdifferentlyaccordingtodifferenttypesofstress.Herearesomehelpfultipstohelpyou.(面對(duì)不同類型的壓力，我們的表現(xiàn)也會(huì)有所不同。這里有一些有用的建議可以幫助你)”可知，后文提到了不同類型的壓力，可知本句是在指出存在壓力的問題，E選項(xiàng)中stress對(duì)應(yīng)后文中stress。故E選項(xiàng)“沒有辦法完全擺脫壓力”符合語境，故選E。37.根據(jù)上文“Eatright.Researchshowssnackfoodsaretheworstthingstohavewhenyou’restressed.Besides,theyarenotthebestwaytokeephealthy.(正確的飲食。研究表明，當(dāng)你感到壓力時(shí)，零食是最糟糕的東西。此外，它們不是保持健康的最好方法)”可知，本段主要是關(guān)于正確的飲食問題，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文繼續(xù)說明正確飲食的重要性，G選項(xiàng)中food對(duì)應(yīng)上文中foods。故G選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)然，每個(gè)人都喜歡一些安慰性的食物，但是你需要一個(gè)平衡的飲食”符合語境，故選G。38.根據(jù)上文“Getmoving.Mostofoureverydaystressisrelatedtoschool,work,orahostofemotionalissues.(動(dòng)起來。我們每天的壓力大多與學(xué)校、工作或一系列情緒問題有關(guān))”以及后文“Whenwe’reunderalotofstress,ourbodiescandevelopalotofmuscletension.Regularexercisecanhelpyourelaxandfeelbetter.(當(dāng)我們承受很大壓力時(shí)，我們的身體會(huì)產(chǎn)生很大的肌肉緊張。有規(guī)律的運(yùn)動(dòng)可以幫助你放松和感覺更好)”可知，上文提到了產(chǎn)生壓力的原因，后文則說明了運(yùn)動(dòng)的好處，可知本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，說明體育活動(dòng)的好處。F項(xiàng)中的“physicalactivity”對(duì)上文“Getmoving”相對(duì)應(yīng)。故F選項(xiàng)“然而，一些體育活動(dòng)可以幫助我們消除疲勞”符合語境，故選F。39.根據(jù)后文“Essayswon’twritethemselves,andgoodgradesrequirehardwork.Don’tthinkmuchaboutthebadthings.Giveyourselfcreditwhereyoucanimproveyourself.Stressisaclearsignofworry,butitdoesn’tmeanyoursituationishopeless.(論文不會(huì)自己寫好，好成績(jī)需要努力。不要想太多不好的事情。在你可以提升自己的地方，要給自己肯定。壓力是擔(dān)心的明顯標(biāo)志，但這并不意味著你的情況是沒有希望的)”可知，本段的中心內(nèi)容是不要想太多不好的事情，即保持樂觀，故A選項(xiàng)“保持樂觀”符合語境，故選A。40.根據(jù)上文“Speakup.Thebreakupofyourfavoriterockbandisn’ttheendoftheworld,butsometimeslifedoesthrowsomerealproblemsatyou.Butdon’tletthestresseatyouup.(說出來。你最喜歡的搖滾樂隊(duì)解散并不是世界末日，但有時(shí)生活確實(shí)會(huì)給你帶來一些真正的問題。但是不要讓壓力吞噬了你)”以及后文“Ifyou’refeelingseriouslydepressedandunabletokeepupwithschoolandlife,speaktoafamilymemberoryourdoctor.(如果你感到非常沮喪，無法跟上學(xué)校和生活的節(jié)奏，告訴你的家人或你的醫(yī)生)”可知，上文提到不要讓壓力吞噬自己，后文則提到告訴家人和醫(yī)生，可推測(cè)本句是在建議和他人交談來緩解壓力。B選項(xiàng)中Talkto對(duì)應(yīng)后文中speakto。故B選項(xiàng)“和值得信賴的朋友交談”符合語境，故選B。第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）【答案】41-45BCDAC46-50CABCC51-55ABDAB【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章對(duì)照汽車交通工具，講述了作者參加步行挑戰(zhàn)的經(jīng)歷和收獲。41.考查動(dòng)名詞詞義辨析。句意：我住在舊金山北部的郊區(qū)，開車被認(rèn)為是這里大多數(shù)人的主要交通工具。A.walking步行；B.driving開車；C.flying飛行；D.biking騎自行車。根據(jù)后文“Istillrememberhow___42___IwaswhenIfirstlearnedtodrive.”以及“Whiledrivingwithmusicgently”可知，此處指“開車”。故選B項(xiàng)。42.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我還記得我第一次學(xué)開車時(shí)是多么的興奮。A.anxious焦慮的；B.surprised吃驚的；C.excited激動(dòng)的；D.ready準(zhǔn)備好的。根據(jù)常識(shí)及后文“Iwasfilledwithjoy”可知，作者第一次學(xué)開車時(shí)是“興奮的”。故選C項(xiàng)。43.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：開車的時(shí)候，音樂輕輕撫慰著我的心，我滿心歡喜。A.attacking攻擊；B.hitting撞擊；C.recovering恢復(fù)；D.comforting安慰。根據(jù)后文“Iwasfilledwithjoy”可知，開車時(shí)，聽著音樂，非常開心，所以是“撫慰著”作者的心。故選D項(xiàng)。44.考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：然而，隨著時(shí)間的流逝，那種興奮感減弱了。A.wentdown下降，減弱；B.spreadout展開；C.fellapart破裂，摔碎；D.tookover接管。根據(jù)常識(shí)及后文“Ifeareddriving,andfeltworriedandupset.”可知，作者的興奮感下降了。故選A項(xiàng)。45.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)人似乎都在妨礙我（擋著我的路），尤其是在我趕時(shí)間的時(shí)候。A.mess混亂；B.way路；C.hurry匆忙；D.corner拐角。根據(jù)常識(shí)及前文“Everyoneseemstobeinmyway”和“especially”可知，越是在“匆忙趕路”的時(shí)候，越感覺別人在擋著自己的路。故選C項(xiàng)。46.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天晚上，一只鹿從黑暗中跑出來，撞在我正在行駛的汽車上，然后跌落在了馬路對(duì)面。A.came到來；B.jumped跳躍；C.landed跌落；D.ran跑。根據(jù)常識(shí)及前文“knockedagainstmymovingcar”和后文“acrossthestreet”可知，那只被汽車撞的鹿跌落在馬路對(duì)面。故選C項(xiàng)。47.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在方向盤上哭泣，我討厭我的車。A.wheel輪子，方向盤；B.carpet地毯；C.street街道；D.shelter庇護(hù)所。因?yàn)樽髡唛_著車，根據(jù)前文“Ididn’tdaretogetoutofmycartoseeher.”可知，作者不敢下車，所以趴在方向盤上哭泣。故選A項(xiàng)。48.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我加入21天正念行走挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)，我開始用意念行走。A.organization組織；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.schedule日程安排；D.competition比賽。根據(jù)后文“Ifeltdeeply___54___forthewalkingchallenge.”可知，作