Unit+1+A+New+Start知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理練習(xí) 高中英語(yǔ)外研版必修第一冊(cè)

U1知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理第一節(jié)詞匯變化：eagernessn．渴望 eageradj.迫切的，渴望的beeagerforsth. 渴望得到… beeagertodosth. 渴望做…ness后綴的名詞小結(jié)illness 疾病happiness 幸福loneliness 孤單darkness 黑暗kindness 善良①Her(eager)movedallthepeople.②Theoldmaniseager(come)backtohishometownafterlivingabroadformanyyears.③Thechildrenareeagermoreknowledge.2.explorev.考察；探險(xiǎn)explorern.探險(xiǎn)家explorationn.探險(xiǎn)①I(mǎi)can'twaittobeginmy(explore)．②Heisoneofthe(explore)whowereluckyenoughtosurvivetheaccident.③Assoonasthe(explore)arrivedatthecity,theybegantheir(explore).3.impressionn.印象impressv.印象impressiveadj.給人深刻印象的have/leavea(n)...impressiononsb.給某人留下…的印象impresssth.on/uponsb.=impresssb.withsth. 使某人牢記某事beimpressedby/at/with 對(duì)……印象深刻①M(fèi)ynewteacher'srichknowledgeandhumoroustalkleftadeep(impress)onus.②Myfather(impress)thevalueofhardworkme.＝Myfatherimpressedmethevalueofhardwork.③Forsomereason,she(impress)withmyworkandme.動(dòng)詞＋后綴ion變名詞：impressvt.→impressionn.印象;感想expressvt.→expressionn.表達(dá);表情 discussvt.→discussionn.討論4.organizev.組織organizationn.組織organizedadj.有組織的organizesb.todosth. 組織某人做某事去e加ation名詞后綴imagine→imagination想象explain→explanation 解釋explore→exploration 探索starve→starvation 饑餓①heymayapplytojointhe(organize).②Ourschoolorganizedus(visit)theoldpeople'shomelastweek.③Heisagenerousbusinessmanandgivesmoneytomanycharity(organize)．5.challengev./n.挑戰(zhàn) challengingadj.有挑戰(zhàn)性的challengesb.todosth. 挑戰(zhàn)某人做某事 faceachallenge面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn) acceptachallenge接受挑戰(zhàn)①Thenewgovernment'sfirst(挑戰(zhàn))istheeconomy.②Ilearnfromthemillionsofwomenwhohavefacedthesuccessfully.③Choosingagiftcanbeareal.6.calmadj.沉著的，冷靜的calm(sb)down冷靜下來(lái)，平靜下來(lái) keepcalm保持冷靜①Hisfriendwsusetndhedeciddto②在危險(xiǎn)面前，我們應(yīng)保持冷靜。esoldinfeofdn.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：1.seniorhigh 高中2.inpanic 驚慌地3.onebyone 一個(gè)接一個(gè)地4.overandoveragain 反復(fù)5.introduceoneself 自我介紹6.underpressure 有壓力；處于壓力下7.dependon 依靠；取決于8.keepcalm 保持鎮(zhèn)靜9.makethemostof 充分利用10.turnaround 轉(zhuǎn)身11.butterfliesinone’sstomach情緒緊張Basicsentencestructures句子成分：主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)及獨(dú)立成分等。句子成分意義充當(dāng)詞類例句主語(yǔ)表示句子所要說(shuō)明或描述的人或事物n.pron.num.v-ing

不定式、短語(yǔ)或句子Theteacherisverykindtous.Idntlikeppmusi.謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明或描述主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)或特征動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)ehvefinishdorworklread.Iwllwitforyoutthescholgt.賓語(yǔ)指動(dòng)作所涉及的人或事物n.pron.num.v-ing

不定式、短語(yǔ)或句子Hewroeanyplay.Shelvsswiing.表表示主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征n.pron.num.v-ing

不定式、短語(yǔ)或句子HelooksvyanSheisalvrgir.定語(yǔ)對(duì)名詞或代詞進(jìn)行修飾、限制或說(shuō)明adj.pron.adv.n.num.介詞短語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及句子等It'sanintngstr.Doouhvetieohlpus狀語(yǔ)用于修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、短語(yǔ)或整個(gè)句子等副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)或句子充當(dāng)elieEnglshveryuh.HrunclelisinCanad.補(bǔ)語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的意義名詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、形容詞等充當(dāng)I'enversnherainIishouaapywend同位語(yǔ)若兩個(gè)語(yǔ)法單位指同一個(gè)人或事物（n.)，并且句法功能也一樣，那么后一項(xiàng)稱為前一項(xiàng)的同位語(yǔ)。esunsshoudstdyhrd.LiHua,aiddleschoolstuden,osfromtheS. emustt. 2.. 4.Abymeetsagildringabeak.5.Myneism. 6.Mymumbruhteanewdictinar.．Theteachrfondthelssroompt. ．Threre66stdentsinorlss.常見(jiàn)的連系動(dòng)詞有：1)be動(dòng)詞2)感官動(dòng)詞：feel,look,smell,sound,taste3)表示“變化”的詞：become,come,fall,get,go,grow,turn4)表示“保持”：keep,remain,stay5)表示“好像”：appear,seem6)表示“證明”：prove(tobe),turnout(tobe)雙賓語(yǔ)易位時(shí)需借助介詞to的常用動(dòng)詞Using

“TO”Meaningaward

sb.

sth.

=

award

sth.

to

sb.頒獎(jiǎng)給某人bring

sb.

sth.

=

bring

sth.

to

sb.把某物帶給某人hand

sb.

sth.

=hand

sth.

to

sb.把某物遞給某人lend

sb.

sth.

=

lend

sth.

to

sb.把某物借給某人mail

sb.

sth.

=

mail

sth.

to

sb.把某物寄給某人offer

sb.

sth.

=

offer

sth.

to

sb.將某物給某人owe

sb.

sth.

=

owe

sth.

to

sb.欠某人某物pass

sb.

sth.

=

pass

sth.

to

sb.把某物遞給某人pay

sb.

sth.

=

pay

sth.

to

sb.付給某人某物（錢(qián)）post

sb.

sth.

=

post

sth.

to

sb.把某物寄給某人read

sb.

sth.

=

read

sth.

to

sb.把某物讀給某人聽(tīng)return

sb.

sth.

=

return

sth.

to

sb.把某物還給某人send

sb.

sth.

=

send

sth.

to

sb.把某物送給某人sell

sb.

sth.

=

sell

sth.

to

sb.把某物賣(mài)給某人serve

sb.

sth.

=

serve

sth.

to

sb.拿某物招待某人show

sb.

sth.

=

show

sth.

to

sb.拿某物給某人看take

sb.

sth.

=

take

sth.

to

sb.把某物拿給某人teach

sb.

sth.

=

teach

sth.

to

sb.教某人某物tell

sb.

sth.

=

tell

sth.

to

sb.告訴某人某情況throw

sb.

sth.

=

throw

sth.

to

sb.把某物扔給某人write

sb.

sth.

=

write

sth.

to

sb.給某人寫(xiě)信雙賓語(yǔ)易位時(shí)需借助介詞for的常用動(dòng)詞Using

“FOR”Meaningbook

sb.

sth.

=

book

sth.

for

sb.

為某人預(yù)定某物buy

sb.

sth.

=

buy

sth.

for

sb.

為某人買(mǎi)某物choose

sb.

sth.

=

choose

sth.

for

sb.

為某人選某物cook

sb.

sth.

=

cook

sth.

for

sb.

為某人煮某物draw

sb.

sth.

=

draw

sth.

for

sb.

為某人畫(huà)某物fetch

sb.

sth.

=

fetch

sth.

for

sb.

為某人去取某物find

sb.

sth.

=

find

sth.

for

sb.

為某人找到某物fix

sb.

sth.

=

fix

sth.

for

sb.

為某人準(zhǔn)備某物get

sb.

sth.

=

get

sth.

for

sb.

為某人拿來(lái)某物make

sb.

sth.

=

make

sth.

for

sb.

為某人做某物order

sb.

sth.

=

order

sth.

for

sb.

為某人訂購(gòu)某物pick

sb.

sth.

=

pick

sth.

for

sb.

為某人采摘某物prepare

sb.

sth.

=

prepare

sth.

for

sb.

為某人準(zhǔn)備某物save

sb.

sth.

=

save

sth.

for

sb.

為某人留某物sing

sb.

sth.

=

sing

sth.

for

sb.

為某人唱某物（歌）spare

sb.

sth.

=

spare

sth.

for

sb.

為某人讓出某物steal

sb.

sth.

=

steal

sth.

for

sb.

為某人偷某物按照要求，寫(xiě)出下列畫(huà)線句子的成分ThethtretiktshvesodotThiskidoflothsheswell.

．Whatousidjutnwmdemeveryhappy.

．Couldougivemethelttr？

．IwillstudyhrdtolrnEnglishwll

6.PofsorSith,ormththilrtuntohisountrytoorr.

．sfarsIko,Maryisagodstdent

．eisakidlad.單句翻譯：1.為了保持健康，我們應(yīng)該定期鍛煉。（主謂）2.我們學(xué)校準(zhǔn)備舉行一場(chǎng)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)比賽。（主謂賓）3.最近幾年，我們已經(jīng)互相建立了良好的友誼。（主謂賓）本次展出的主題是環(huán)境保護(hù)。（主系表）總之，我的生活會(huì)越來(lái)越豐富多彩。（主系表）6.幸運(yùn)的是，她答應(yīng)再給我一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。（主謂雙賓）7.我想邀請(qǐng)你下周六和我們一起去拜訪附近的敬老院。（主謂賓賓補(bǔ)）時(shí)間過(guò)得很快。（主謂狀）我有空會(huì)和我的父母進(jìn)行一次面對(duì)面的交流。（主謂賓狀）10.這個(gè)句子里有個(gè)拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤。（therebe）第二節(jié)詞匯變化arguev．爭(zhēng)論；辯論 argumentn.爭(zhēng)論arguefor/against贊成/反對(duì) arguesb.into/outofdoingsth.說(shuō)服某人做/不做某事arguewithsb.about/oversth. 與某人爭(zhēng)辯某事 beyondargument無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯①關(guān)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題和他爭(zhēng)論是沒(méi)有用的，他不會(huì)改變自己的觀點(diǎn)。It'snousearguingthequestionwithhim.Hewon'tchangehisopinion.②Iargueherofgoingoutaloneatmidnight.③他反對(duì)吸煙并且堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為吸煙有害健康是無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯的。Hesmoking,andinsistedthatitwasbeyondargumentthatsmokingwasharmfultohealth.④Myparentsareinhuge(argue),andIwasupsetaboutit.⑤大部分學(xué)生都同意他的計(jì)劃Mostofthestudents.2．graduatev．畢業(yè) n．大學(xué)畢業(yè)生 graduationn.畢業(yè)；畢業(yè)典禮graduatefrom...畢業(yè)于(…學(xué)校) graduatein...畢業(yè)于(…專業(yè)) grdteshool研究生院grdtionrtificate畢業(yè)證書(shū)ttndthegrdtion參加畢業(yè)典禮①他是劍橋大學(xué)物理學(xué)專業(yè)畢業(yè)的。HephysicsfromCambridgeUniversity.②他是北京大學(xué)畢業(yè)生。HeisaBeijingUniversity.③HewillgraduateOxfordUniversitynextyear.④After(graduate)fromcollege,hehasbeendevotinghislifetoeducation.3．momentn．時(shí)刻；片刻；時(shí)機(jī)atthemoment 此刻 foramoment 一會(huì)兒 themoment(that)＝assoonas一…就…moment后的定語(yǔ)從句多由when引導(dǎo)，moment在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。①生活中，每個(gè)人都有難忘的時(shí)刻。Everyonehasunforgettableinherlife.②我一見(jiàn)到他就知道沒(méi)希望了。IsawhimIknewthattherewasnohope.③很抱歉我現(xiàn)在非常忙。I'mverybusy.I'mreallysorry.④Shallwegooutforawalk?--Sorry.Thisisnot(適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)機(jī))toinviteme.Iamtootiredtowalk.4．selectv．挑選；選擇selectsb./sth.forsth. 為…挑選某人/某物 selectsb./sth.assth. 挑選某人/某物為…selectsb.todo 選擇某人做某事①他希望入選國(guó)家隊(duì)。Hehadhopesofbeingthenationalteam.②克拉克先生被評(píng)為年度最佳教師。MrClarktheBestTeacheroftheYear.③他是班上唯一被選上參加模擬聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)的學(xué)生。He'stheonlystudentintheclassthathasbeentakepartintheModelUnitedNationsconference.④Heselectedacellphonepersonaluse. select精選，是從同類的許多事物或人中仔細(xì)辨別后選出最合適的。請(qǐng)給你妹妹精心挑選一些好的草莓。Pleaseafewnicestrawberriesforyoursister.choose泛指選擇，可不帶賓語(yǔ)。我們有各種旅游度假方式可供選擇。Weofferawiderangeofholidaystofrom.pick隨意挑選，通常所指的事項(xiàng)不是很重大，是不太正式的用詞。她為自己挑了一塊蛋糕。Sheapieceofcakeforherself.5.particularadj.特殊的，特別的；挑剔的inparticular 尤其，特別 beparticularabout/over... 對(duì)…挑剔①他對(duì)吃的東西特別挑剔，而不在乎金錢(qián)。Hefoodwhilehedoesn'tcareaboutmoney.②她特別喜愛(ài)那首歌，因?yàn)樗哪赣H過(guò)去經(jīng)常唱。Shelovesthesong,becausehermotherusedtosingit.③Shehasalreadytriedherbest.Pleasedon'tbetooparticularherjob.④Ihave(沒(méi)有什么特別的)todothisevening,solet'sgooutforawalk.takeup拿起；接受；開(kāi)始；繼續(xù)；占用時(shí)間(空間)①羅杰斯學(xué)了一段時(shí)間的繪畫(huà)，但很快便失去了興趣。Rogerspaintingforawhile,butsoonlostinterest.②開(kāi)會(huì)和接電話占用了一天中的大部分時(shí)間。Meetingsandphonecallsalargepartoftheday.take相關(guān)短語(yǔ)：takein吸收；領(lǐng)會(huì)；收留；欺騙 takeoff起飛；脫掉；開(kāi)始成功 takeon呈現(xiàn)；開(kāi)始雇傭takeover 接收；接管 takeout拿出；獲得①她用一番花言巧語(yǔ)完全把我騙住了。Shemecompletelywithherstory.②找到自己的寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格后，我的寫(xiě)作事業(yè)開(kāi)始有了起色。MywritingcareerwhenIdiscoveredmyownstyle.③醫(yī)生拔掉了約翰的五顆牙。ThedoctorfiveofJohn'steeth.7．goallout全力以赴①我們要鼓足干勁趕上他們。Wehavetoandcatchupwiththem.