Unit1OurLivingPlanetWeletotheunitReading課件高中英語(yǔ)譯林版（2020）選修第一冊(cè)

B8U1OurlivingplanetWelcometotheunitWhatarethecommonlyrecognizedsevennaturalwondersoftheworldDiscussionMountEverest(locatedalongChina-Nepalborder)ParicutinVolcano(帕里庫(kù)汀火山，inMexico)theGrandCanyon(intheUnitedSates)VictoriaFalls(alongtheborderbetweenZambiaandZimbabwe)TheHarborofRiodeJaneiro(里約熱內(nèi)盧港，inBrazil)GreatBarrierReef(inAustralia)NorthernLights(北極光，seeninseveralcountriessuchastheUSA,Canada,etc.)MountEverest(locatedalongChina-Nepalborder)ParicutinVolcano(inMexico)theGrandCanyon(intheUnitedSates)VictoriaFalls(alongtheborderbetweenZambiaandZimbabwe)TheHarborofRiodeJaneiro(inBrazil)GreatBarrierReef(inAustralia)NorthernLightsmovementsmineralsAustraliaLookatthepicturesandtellwhatyouknowaboutthem.ZhangyeUNESCOGlobalGeopark

張掖世界地質(zhì)公園Location:inZhangyeUNESCOGlobalGeopark,ChinaFeatures:multicolouredfoldsofrocksCauses:whicharecausedby

oftheEarth’splatesandcarvedbywindsandrain.movementsPamukkaleinTurkey

土耳其棉花堡Location:Pamukkale,TurkeyFeatures:the“cottoncandy”landscape,awaterfulofrockCauses:resultingfrom

leftbyflowingwater.mineralsLakeHillier希利爾湖Location:LakeHiller,

.Features:thesoftpinkofitsstillwatersCauses:whichisbelievedtobecausedbyamicroorganism.AustriliaInallthingsofnaturethereissomethingofthemarvellous.-Aristotle自然界包羅萬(wàn)象，蘊(yùn)藏著奇妙之處?！獊喞锸慷嗟翨8U1OurlivingplanetReadingTheoceanisfullofmagicandmystery.WhatdoyouknowabouttheworldbeneaththeoceanTheoceancoversaround71%ofthesurfaceofourplanet.Onlyasmallpercentageoftheoceanbelowthesurfacehasbeenexploredandcharted.However,thepartsthatwehave

exploredcontaininterestingfinds.Wehavefoundthe

bluewhale,whichisthelargest

known

livinganimalontheEarth.Wehavealsofounda65,000-kilometre-long

mountainrangebeneaththeocean,whichistheworld’slongest.Therearealsomanyspectacularunderwatervolcanoes.Theoceanwasdividedintodifferentzonesbasedondepthfromthesurfaceforeaseofstudies.Whatarethedifferentzones200metersTheopenocean/Sunlightzone(透光區(qū))Sunlightrarelypenetrates(穿透)beyondthiszone.Twilightzone(暮光區(qū))Sunlightdecreasesrapidlywithdepth.

Thedeepocean(深海區(qū))Sunlightdoesnotpenetrateatall.Wouldyoudivetotheoceanbottomifyouhadthechance?Whyorwhynot?Nowlet'sreadadocumentarytranscripttolearnmoreabouttheamazingworldbeneaththeocean.atextdocumentthatthevideofileanditsoralcontentareconvertedintoReadandfinishthetasksasquicklyaspossible.Task1Muchoftheknownmarinelifelivesintheopenocean,andsmallfilterfeedersandhuntersliveinthetwilightzone.ThedeepoceanishometothestrangestcreaturesontheEarth.Shrimpsandotherorganismslivearound

hydrothermalvents,andtheMarianaTrenchcanbefoundontheoceanfloor.Morewondersbeneaththesurfaceoftheoceanawaitus.P4A1Task2Trueorfalse.1.Thefirst100metresofourdivetakesusthroughwhatcanbecalledtheopenocean.T/F

2.Sinkingabove200metres,weenterthetwilightzone,wherethereislittlesunlightandthusnoplantlife.T/F

3.Oncepast1,000metres,wehavereachedthedeepocean,wherethereisnolightandtemperaturesdropjustbelowfreezing.T/F4.Inthedeepocean,somefishhavebothmaleandfemaleorganstoincreasethechancesofreproduction.T/F5.TheChallengerDeep,isnearly11,000metresbelowsealevel.

T/F200belowabovealmostTask3Para.11.Whatpercentageoftheworld’soceanshaveweexploredWhy2.WhydoestheauthormentionexploringspaceP4A2-11.Whatpercentageoftheworld’soceanshaveweexploredWhy

Lessthan20%.Humanbeingshaveapassionforexploringthedeepestpointundertheocean.However,theconditionsareextreme.Thepressuresarehugeandthereisnolight.Someunusualcreaturesalsolivethere.Moreover,advancedtechnologiesneedtoberesearchedanddevelopedtohelpusexploretheoceanmoreeffectively.Possibleanswer:2.WhydoestheauthormentionexploringspaceBecausetheauthorwantstoemphasizethattheoceanshouldbeexploredandiswellworthexploringjustlikedeepspace.Weknowmoreaboutouterspacethantheocean.Theoceanisfullofmysteries,waitingtobesolved.Para.21.Whatdosmallfilterfeedersdoatnight2.Howdoyouunderstandthelastsentence“Evolution,itseems,helpsboththehunterandthehuntedinequalmeasure!”Theyswimuptofeedinthenutrient-richwatersabove.Thesentenceemphasizesthefunctionofevolution.Ithelpsthehunterevolveuniquecharacteristics,whichcanallowthemtocatchthepreymoreeasily.However,italsohelpsthepreyevolvesurvivalcharacteristicsandgetawayfromthehunter.Possibleanswer:P4A2-2Para.3HowdoblindcreaturesinthedeepoceanmanagetosurviveTheydependonothersensessuchassmellandtheirabilitytodetectslightchangesinwaterpressuretoobtainfoodandavoidbeingcaught.Possibleanswer:P4A2-3Para.41.Whathaschangedscientificopinionaboutthechancesoftherebeinglifeelsewhereintheuniverse2.WhydoestheauthormentionMountQomolangmawhendescribingtheChallengerDeepTheknowledgethatlifecanexistintheextremeconditionsontheoceanfloor.Possibleanswer:TheauthorwantstohighlighthowdeeptheChallengerDeepis.Bycomparingittothehighestmountainintheworld,MountQomolangma,theauthorhelpsthereadervisualizeitsdepth.P4A2-4P4A3-1ZonesDepthsEnvironmentLifeformsorgeologicalformationsTheopenoceanThetwilightzone

Littlesunlight●Almostnoplantlife●Smallfilterfeeders●______________________Thedeepocean●Nolight●___________________________●Hugepressures●Blind,strangeorganisms,andsomehavingmaleandfemaleorgans●Shrimpsandotherorganisms

●Task4Completethefollowingtable.1,000metrestotheoceanfloorHunterswithtelescopic,upward-pointingeyesandbackward-curvingteeth0to200metresMostvisiblelight200metresto1,000metresMuchoftheknownmarinelifeTemperaturesjustabovefreezingHydrothermalvents,theMarianaTrenchandrockbridgesCheckyouranswers:Writeasummaryofthetranscriptinnomorethan100wordsaccordingtothetable.Theoceanmainlyconsistsofthreedifferentzones.Thefirst200metresjustbelowtheoceansurfacecanbecalledtheopenocean,wheremuchoftheknownmarinelifelivesandmostvisiblelightexists.Thetwilightzoneisbelow200metres,wherewithlittlesunlight,thereisalmostnoplantlife,andsmallfilterfeedersandhunterslive.Past1,000metres,wehavereachedthedeepocean,wheremanystrangecreaturescanbefoundlivinginthisextremeenvironment.Onreachingtheoceanfloor,wemayseeshrimpsandotherorganismsaroundhydrothermalvents.ThefamousMarianaTrenchcanbefoundinthiszone.Possibleanswer:Task5Thinkandshare.Attheendofthefirstparagraph,aquestionisasked,andattheendofthelastparagraph,anotherquestionisasked.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritinginthiswayPara.1Para.5Thefirstparagraphaimstoattractthereadertothetopicofdeep-seaexplorationbyaskingthequestion:“Thenwhydon’twedivetothebottomofareallydeepoceanandtakealong,closelookbeneaththewaves”Thelastparagraphservesasaconclusion.Afterdescribingtheoceandeep,theauthorgivesanendingtothisdocumentarytranscript.Byaskingthequestion:“...whoknowswhatwondersstillawaitusinthefuture”,theauthorremindsthereaderthattheexplorationoftheunknownpartoftheoceanwillnevercometoanend.Possibleanswer:Task6Learnaboutthewritingtechniqueofdescribingsomethinginspatialorder.Thedocumentarytranscriptdescribestheoceaninthesurface-to-bottomorder,whichmakesitscontentmoreorganizedandeasiertofollow.Findtheexpressionsindicatingthechangesinposition.P5B2analysing,mindmap,summary,retellingAnalysethefeaturesofthedocumentarytranscript.IntroductionConclusionMainbody1.averyclearstructure2.Organisedinspatial(空間的)order(fromsurfacetobottom)3.narratedinthefirstperson(fromtheperspectiveofahost)4.

applysomequestionsand

exclamatorysentences(感嘆句)LanguagepointsLanguagepointsPara11.thevastnessofspaceL22.advanceourundersatnding...L2-33.itisestimatedthat...L44.remainunshakeableL3-45.unusualgeologicalformationsL66.divetothebottomoftheoceanL7太空的浩瀚無(wú)垠增進(jìn)對(duì)宇宙的了解據(jù)估算仍然不動(dòng)搖不尋常的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造潛到海底LanguagepointsPara2-3

1.inequalmeasureL182.relysolelyontheireyesighttosurviveL223.evolvefascinatingsurvivalcharacteristicsL234.detectslightchangesinwaterpressureL255.avoidbeingcaughtL24察覺(jué)水壓的細(xì)微變化僅依靠視覺(jué)生存進(jìn)化出神奇的生存特征在同樣程度上避免被捕獲Para.4-51.on/upondoingL302.itisthoughtthat...L324.belocatedinL375.beknownasL386.far(adj.)fromL41一…（就…）人們認(rèn)為位于作為……被知道遠(yuǎn)非aswellasinadditiontosb/sth;too

除……之外；也；還①

Heplaysclassicalmusic,aswellaspopandjazz.②

Theysellbooksaswellasnewspapers.

1.So,ifwewanttofindexcitingnewlifeformsaswellasundiscoveredandunusualgeologicalformations,theoceaniswhereweshouldalsobelooking.where引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句他演奏流行音樂(lè)和爵士樂(lè)，同時(shí)也演奏古典音樂(lè)。他們既賣報(bào)也賣書(shū)。所以，如果我們想要發(fā)現(xiàn)令人興奮的新生命形式，以及未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的和不尋常的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造，海洋也是我們應(yīng)該關(guān)注的地方。

Sentenceanalysingforbetterunderstanding.Para1Difficultsentences2.Thefirst200metresofourdivetakesusthroughwhat

canbecalledtheopenocean,wheremostvisiblelightexists.(Para.2)我們下潛的頭200米帶我們穿過(guò)所謂的透光區(qū)，這里有大部分可見(jiàn)光。visibleadj.可見(jiàn)的，明顯的整句類型為_(kāi)_________，其中，__________引導(dǎo)through之后的__________，并在從句中作__________，__________引導(dǎo)____________________，并在從句中作__________，先行詞是____________________。whatwhere賓語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)主從復(fù)合句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)theopenoceanPara2Difficultsentences3.Sinkingbelow200metres,weenterthetwilightzone,wherethereislittlesunlightandthusalmostnoplantlife.(Para.2)下潛到200米以下，我們進(jìn)入暮光區(qū)，這里沒(méi)有陽(yáng)光，因此幾乎沒(méi)有植物。整句類型為_(kāi)_________，__________引導(dǎo)____________________，并在從句中作__________，先行詞是____________________。主從復(fù)合句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句where狀語(yǔ)thetwilightzonePara2Difficultsentences4.Alsolivinginthetwilightzonearehunterswithtelescopic,upward-pointingeyesthatcaneasilyspotamealinthewatersabove.①

Standingbythelakewas

amiddle-agedman,whoseemedtobeafarmer.②

Seatedatthecentreoftheclassroomwas

Lily,whowaspractisingChinesecalligraphy.

莉莉坐在教室中央，正在練習(xí)中國(guó)書(shū)法。主語(yǔ)一位看起來(lái)像農(nóng)民的中年人站在湖邊。主語(yǔ)hunters后面有較長(zhǎng)的修飾語(yǔ)，為了使句子更為平衡，將謂語(yǔ)部分的動(dòng)詞-ing形式置于句首，形成倒裝句。同樣生活在暮光區(qū)的還有雙眼凸起向上的獵食者，它們能輕易地發(fā)現(xiàn)上面水域中的食物。謂語(yǔ)完全倒裝句定語(yǔ)從句修飾主語(yǔ)Para2Difficultsentences

5.Consequently,thefishmostlikelytobeeatenhaveevolvedtohavethinbodiessothattheyarelesseasilyseenfrombelow.(Para.2)結(jié)果，最有可能被吃掉的魚(yú)已經(jīng)進(jìn)化成細(xì)長(zhǎng)的身體，從下面不太容易看見(jiàn)它們。整句類型為_(kāi)_________，__________引導(dǎo)____________________，另外，mostlikelytobeeaten是形容詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾__________。主從復(fù)合句狀語(yǔ)從句sothatthefishconsequentlyadv.結(jié)果，所以belikelytodosth.

有可能做某事Para2Difficultsentences6. Also,somefishhavebothmaleandfemaleorganstoincreasethechancesofreproduction,asfisharesoscarceatthesedepthsthatitcanbedifficultforthemtofindamate.此外，一些魚(yú)類同時(shí)擁有雄性和雌性器官，以增加繁殖的機(jī)會(huì)，因?yàn)樵谶@樣的深度魚(yú)類稀少，以至于它們很難找到配偶。結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句原因狀語(yǔ)從句Para3Difficultsentences不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)7.Ofthemanystrangegeologicalformationstobefoundhere/are/rockbridgeswhichcrosstheTrench,somereachingaheightof2,500metresabovetheChallengerDeep.(Para.4)整句類型為_(kāi)_________。__________引導(dǎo)_______________，先行詞是______________。主從復(fù)合句限制性定語(yǔ)從句which該句是__________，句子主語(yǔ)是_______________。倒裝句rockbridgesrockbridgesPara4Difficultsentences7.Ofthemanystrangegeologicalformationstobefoundhere/are/rockbridgeswhichcrosstheTrench,somereachingaheightof2,500metresabovetheChallengerDeep.(Para.4)在這里發(fā)現(xiàn)的許多奇怪的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造中有橫穿海溝的石橋，有些高度達(dá)到“挑戰(zhàn)者深淵”上方2500米。“somereachingaheightof2,500metresabovetheChallengerDeep”為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)，基本形式為“邏輯主語(yǔ)+doing/done/形容詞短語(yǔ)/副詞短語(yǔ)/介詞短語(yǔ)”，即正常的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)去掉be動(dòng)詞，該邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)不一致，試比較：①He

spendingmuchtimeplayingcomputergames,hisperformance

becameworse.②Spendingmuchtimepalyingcompoutergames,he

performedworse.花了太多時(shí)間玩電腦游戲，他表現(xiàn)變差了。Para4Difficultsentences8.Onourjourneydown,wehavebeenfascinatedby

incrediblegeologicalformationsaswellasunexpectedlifeformsthathavebecomestangelyadaptedtotheirextremeenvironment.(Para.5)befascinatedby被……吸引/迷住incredible

adj.不可思議的，難以置信的aswellas

以及（AaswellasB作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)A定）adapt(oneself)tosth.適應(yīng)在我們下潛的旅途中，不可思議的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造，還有已經(jīng)出奇地適應(yīng)了極端環(huán)境的、出乎意料的生物，令我們心馳神往。整句類型為_(kāi)_________，_____引導(dǎo)_______________，在從句中作________，不能省略，先行詞是__________________。that主從復(fù)合句lifeforms限制性定語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)Para5Difficultsentences9.Withsomuchoftheoceanslefttoexplore,whoknowswhatwondersstillawaitusinthefuture.(Para.5)整句類型為_(kāi)_________。__________引導(dǎo)know之后的__________。主從復(fù)合句賓語(yǔ)從句what“Withsomuchoftheoceanslefttoexplore”是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)之“withsth.done”，leave+n.+todo表示讓……處于某種狀態(tài)。海洋還剩下這么多的地方要被探索，誰(shuí)知道未來(lái)還有什么奇跡等著我們呢？Para5Difficultsentences1.Whataretheadvantagesofexploringtheocean?Possibleanswer:Theocean’smanyuniquelifeforms,habitatsandgeologicalformationsnotonlyhelpusbetterunderstandlife,butalsoopenupvariousopportunitiesfornewdiscoveriesandinnovativeso