電力專業(yè)英語閱讀與翻譯 課件 3-Characteristics of Most Power Systems

電力專業(yè)英語(3)CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems參考教材：朱永強.電力專業(yè)英語閱讀與翻譯.機械工業(yè)出版社，2024-06CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems1.Waterreleasedfromthereservoirflowsthroughaturbine,spinningit,whichinturnactivatesageneratortoproduceelectricity.嘗試翻譯1.Waterreleasedfromthereservoirflowsthroughaturbine,spinningit,whichinturnactivatesageneratortoproduceelectricity.生詞n.

水庫，蓄水池reservoirv.

使快速旋轉，扭轉spin

翻譯從水庫釋放的水流過渦輪機，使其高速旋轉，隨后帶動發(fā)電機產生電能。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems說明句中it代指turbine。whichinturnactivatesageneratortoproduceelectricity也是turbine的定語。在翻譯時可以按照句子順序翻譯，注意各部分的相互關系就可以了。為了便于理解，這個句子可以拆解為：Waterreleasedfromthereservoirflowsthroughaturbine;waterspinstheturbine;theturbineinturnactivatesageneratortoproduceelectricity.CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems2.Suchahydropowerinstallationconsistsofdams,waterways,andconduitsthatformareservoirandchannelthewatertowardtheturbines.嘗試翻譯2.Suchahydropowerinstallationconsistsofdams,waterways,andconduitsthatformareservoirandchannelthewatertowardtheturbines.生詞n.管道，導管；溝渠；泉水，噴泉conduit翻譯這種水力發(fā)電裝置由水壩、水路和引水渠組成，這些形成水庫并將水引到渦輪機。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems說明詞組consistof表示“由…構成，包括…”，that引導的定語從句修飾的主體是dams,waterways,andconduits。為了便于理解，這個句子可以拆解為：Suchahydropowerinstallationconsistsofdams,waterways,andconduits;dams,waterways,andconduitsformareservoirandchannelthewatertowardtheturbines.CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems3.Reservoirscancompensateforthereducedprecipitationduringdryseasonsandfortheabnormalflowsthataccompanyheavyrainsandmeltingsnow.嘗試翻譯3.Reservoirscancompensateforthereducedprecipitationduringdryseasonsandfortheabnormalflowsthataccompanyheavyrainsandmeltingsnow.生詞n.降水，降水量；沉淀；倉促precipitationv.

伴隨；陪伴；與······同時發(fā)生accompany

翻譯水庫可以補償旱季減少的降水量以及伴隨暴雨和融雪發(fā)生的異常水流。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems說明duringdryseasons是thereducedprecipitation的定語，that引導的定語從句修飾的主體是theabnormalflows。句子謂語compensatefor帶的賓語有兩個，一是thereducedprecipitation，一是theabnormalflows。為了便于理解，這個句子可以拆解為：Reservoirscancompensateforthereducedprecipitationduringdryseasons;andReservoirscancompensatefortheabnormalflows;theabnormalflowsaccompanyheavyrainsandmeltingsnow.CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems4.The"head"referstothedifferenceofelevationbetweentheupperreservoirabovetheturbineandthetailraceofdischargepointjustbelowtheturbine.嘗試翻譯4.The"head"referstothedifferenceofelevationbetweentheupperreservoirabovetheturbineandthetailraceofdischargepointjustbelowtheturbine.生詞n.海拔；仰角；提高；正面圖elevationn.(水輪，渦輪的)放水路tailrace

翻譯“水頭”指的是輪機上方的上游水庫與輪機下方的排水地點之間的海拔高度的差別（落差）。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems說明這個句子結構并不復雜，但是涉及很多專業(yè)詞匯，翻譯時要注意。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems5.Ahugeboiler(1)actsasafurnace,transferringheatfromtheburningfueltorowuponrowofwatertubesS1,whichentirelysurroundtheflames.嘗試翻譯5.Ahugeboiler(1)actsasafurnace,transferringheatfromtheburningfueltorowuponrowofwatertubesS1,whichentirelysurroundtheflames.生詞n.汽鍋，鍋爐boilern.爐子，熔爐furnace

翻譯一個巨大的汽鍋（1）作為火爐，將燃料燃燒的熱量傳遞給完全被火焰包圍的成排的水管S1。flamen.火焰CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems說明有兩個現(xiàn)成的詞組，一是rowup，表示“使成排”；一是rowoftubes，表示“管排，成排的管子”。在這里rowuponrowof應該理解為“一排排的，成排的”，注意不要混淆。由which引導的定語從句修飾S1。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems6.Byusinganappropriategeometricaldistributionoftheuraniumfuelwithinthemoderator,thespeedoftheneutronscanbereducedsotheyhavetherequiredvelocitytoinitiateotherfusions.嘗試翻譯6.Byusinganappropriategeometricaldistributionoftheuraniumfuelwithinthemoderator,thespeedoftheneutronscanbereducedsotheyhavetherequiredvelocitytoinitiateotherfusions.生詞n.(原子反應堆的)減速劑，慢化劑moderatorn.中子neutronvelocityn.速度fusionn.合成；聚變，核合成CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems說明逗號前面的內容如果直譯很拗口，需要按照中文的表述習慣對語序作適當?shù)恼{整。翻譯通過鈾燃料在緩和劑中采用適當?shù)膸缀畏植?，中子的速度可以降低到其他合成的啟動速度。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems7.Onlythenwillachainreactiontakeplace,causingthereactortogocritical.嘗試翻譯7.Onlythenwillachainreactiontakeplace,causingthereactortogocritical.生詞adj.關鍵的；批評的；嚴重的critical翻譯只有這樣，才會發(fā)生連鎖反應，使反應堆變成臨界[極限]狀態(tài)。說明這是一個倒裝句。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems8.Tokeepitatanacceptablelevel,aliquidorgashastoflowrapidlythroughthemachinefortocarryawaytheheat.嘗試翻譯8.Tokeepitatanacceptablelevel,aliquidorgashastoflowrapidlythroughthemachinefortocarryawaytheheat.翻譯為使其保持在可以接受的水平，必須有液體或氣體迅速流過電機將熱量帶走。說明值得注意的是for后面用了動詞不定式。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems9.Thus,contrarytowhatitsnamewouldleadustobelieve,thecoolantisnotcoolbutsearinglyhot.嘗試翻譯9.Thus,contrarytowhatitsnamewouldleadustobelieve,thecoolantisnotcoolbutsearinglyhot.生詞n.冷凍劑，冷卻液，散熱劑coolant翻譯因而，與其名稱要使我們相信的內容恰恰相反，冷卻劑不是涼的而是相當灼熱的。說明would是虛擬語態(tài)用詞，并不代表過去時態(tài)。searinglyadj.灼熱，燙人地CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems10.Wehaveseenthatsplittingthenucleus,orcallednuclearfission,ofaheavyelementsuchasuraniumresultsinadecreaseinmassandareleaseofenergy.嘗試翻譯10.Wehaveseenthatsplittingthenucleus,orcallednuclearfission,ofaheavyelementsuchasuraniumresultsinadecreaseinmassandareleaseofenergy.生詞n./v.

(使)