2025屆高考英語精準(zhǔn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)定語從句

RevisionofRestrictiverelativeclauses2025屆高考英語精準(zhǔn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)

定語從句Content01高考典題02定語從句的基本認(rèn)知

03定語從句的重難點(diǎn)04思維導(dǎo)圖

一.

高考典題語法填空BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool

givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.

(2021浙江卷)Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from______

studentscanchooseforfree.(2020江蘇卷)that/whichwhich語法填空InancientChinalivedanartist

paintingswerealmostlifelike.

(2020新課標(biāo)Ⅲ卷)Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters_____hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.(2019全國III卷)whosewho常見錯(cuò)誤混淆關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的使用。沒找對(duì)先行詞。語篇填空中看到逗號(hào)就填which，還有可能填who,where,when,whose。注意定語從句中的主謂一致。二.

定語從句的基本認(rèn)知紅色部分有什么作用？修飾名詞，相當(dāng)于形容詞，作定語n.paperbagadj.beautifulgirldoingwaitingroomdonefallen

leavesIhavehomeworktofinish.不定式thepictureonthewall介詞短語Step1定義總結(jié)：在_____句中,修飾______________________的從句叫定語從句。被定語從句修飾的詞叫___________。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫________。復(fù)合名詞、代詞或名詞短語先行詞關(guān)系詞Ihaveapretty

sister.Ihavea

sisterwho/thatispretty.定語從句=先行詞+關(guān)系詞+(從句)Step2結(jié)構(gòu)定語從句Attributiveclause兩個(gè)句子兩個(gè)詞主句從句先行詞

關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞

關(guān)系副詞被定語從句修飾的詞。定語從句一般放在先行詞后面。

:that,which,who,whom,whose

when,where,why關(guān)系詞的實(shí)質(zhì)

①連接作用，連接主句和定語從句;

PeppaPigisacartoonwhichispopularwithchildren.

②指代先行詞;

③在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)成分。Step3：判斷定語從句的開始與結(jié)束定語從句從關(guān)系詞開始，到關(guān)系詞后出現(xiàn)的第2個(gè)謂語前結(jié)束。1.Theactresswhoplaystheleadingrolein

Huaqiangu

isZhaoliying.2.TheonewhosetrousersareyellowisJimmy.3.PeppaPigisacartoonwhichispopular

amongchildren.4.LeiFengisapersonwhomweshould

learnfrom.若沒有出現(xiàn)第2個(gè)謂語，則從句從關(guān)系詞開始到句子結(jié)束。找出下列復(fù)合句中的定語從句。1.TheboywhoisthetallestinourclassiscalledTom.2.Thegirlwhoseeyesarebigisourmonitor.3.Hereisthebicyclethatyousawintheshop.4.Canyoulendmethebookthatyoutalked

abouttheotherday?Step4關(guān)系代詞判斷下列句中who在定語從句中所作的成分①Theman(who)

Italkedwithisourteacher.②Aperson

whostealsthingsiscalledathief.③MrSmithisnolongertheman(who)

heused

tobe.1.who指

,在定語從句中作

、

、

。作賓語或表語時(shí)，可以

。人主語賓語表語省略2.whom指

，在定語從句中作賓語，可省略。

Theman

(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Liu.人3.

which指

，在定語從句中作

、

或

。

作

或

時(shí)可省略。

判斷下列句中which在定語從句中所作的成分①Themoderncarisnolongerthecar(which)

itwasinthe1930’s.②Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlast

year.物主語賓語表語賓語表語判斷下列句中that在定語從句中所作的成分①Thisisthereason(that)

hetoldme.②Thevillageisnolongertheonethatwas5

yearsago.4.that指

、

，在定語從句中作

、

、

或

。作

或

時(shí)，可省略。人物主語賓語表語賓語表語5.whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句，既可修飾

，也可修飾

，whose在從句中作

。①IsatnexttoagirlwhosenameisDiana.②Theclubwhosemembersaremusicfans

meetintheschoolgardeneverySaturday.人物定語關(guān)系代詞的指代與在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞株P(guān)系代詞指代的先行詞充當(dāng)從句的成分whowhom

which

that

whose

人主、賓、表人賓物主、賓、表人，物主、賓、表人，物定where引導(dǎo)定從先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，如：place,city,

town,

factory,

village,

house等，從句缺狀語抽象地點(diǎn)名詞circumstance,atmosphere,occasion,state,situation,case,condition,point,stage等where相當(dāng)于介詞+whicheg.Thisisthehouse

Ilivedtwoyearsago.inwhichwherewhen引導(dǎo)定從先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞，如：moment,time,day,morning,week,等，從句缺狀語when相當(dāng)于介詞+whicheg.I’llneverforgettheday

IjoinedtheLeague.onwhichwhenwhy引導(dǎo)定從先行詞為reason，從句缺狀語why相當(dāng)于for+which。eg.Doyouknowthereason

sheislate?forwhichwhy指代內(nèi)容所做成分是否可省略whenwherewhy關(guān)系副詞的用法不可省略時(shí)間地點(diǎn)原因狀語狀語狀語Step5關(guān)系副詞

關(guān)系副詞與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別？區(qū)別：在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞植煌P(guān)系代詞作

、

、

、

(缺失句子不完整)關(guān)系副詞作

(刪除不影響句子的完整性)主語賓語表語狀語定語1.Mybrotherlikesthestories___________werewrittenbyMarkTwainbecausetheyareoftenhumorous.2.Heistheboy_________Italkedwithjustnow.3.What'sthenameofthegirl_____fatherisadoctor?4.Istillremembertheday_____ournewschoolwasbuilt.Let'spractice先行詞為物缺主語that/which先行詞為人缺賓語whom/who先行詞為人whose先行詞為物不缺成分when【】【】【】【】Step6定語從句解題思路一看從句三看是否特殊情況二看先行詞在句中作何成分所作成分關(guān)系詞主語who（人），which（物），that（人/物）賓語who/whom（人），which（物），that（物）定語whose（人/物）狀語where（地點(diǎn)），when（時(shí)間），why（原因）如果從句中缺少主干成分（缺主，賓，表，定），填

；如果從句中不缺主干成分（缺狀語），填

。關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞三、定語從句重難點(diǎn)定語從句注意1只用關(guān)系代詞that的情況1.當(dāng)主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí)2.先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)3.先行詞為不定代詞all，any,few,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anything等時(shí)4.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)5.先行詞被theone,theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修飾時(shí)程（程度，情況3）序（情況4）問題（情況1）最(最高級(jí))多（情況2）口訣：注意2：theway做先行詞填上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因：1.Theway

heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.

2.Theway

heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.theway做先行詞時(shí)，分析其在后面定語從句做什么成分：1）做主語或賓語，填關(guān)系詞

.2）做狀語，填關(guān)系詞

.Idon’tliketheway

youspoketotheteacher.(that/inwhich)(that/which)that/inwhich,可以省略

that/which,做賓語時(shí)可以省略

(that/inwhich)注意3：介詞＋關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞的選用從句中的動(dòng)詞或形容詞的搭配介詞的選用先行詞的意義和搭配根據(jù)句子的意思判斷表示“整體和部分關(guān)系”常用of先行詞表物先行詞表人whomwhichABCD()1.Istillremembertheday______whichIfirstgottoParis.A.onB.inC.atD.withABACD()2.Hegavemesomenovels______Iamnotveryfamiliar.A.towhomB.withwhichC.aboutwhomD.towhichB注意4：定語從句中的主謂一致定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞作主語時(shí)，從句謂語的人稱和數(shù)要與先行詞保持一致。Heisthemanwho/that

(want)toseeyou.Thepicturesthat/which

(look)beautifulweredrawnbyhimwantslookLet'spractice()1.Thefirstthing______weshoulddoistoworkoutaplan.

A.whichB.whereC.thatD.whoBCACDLet'spractice()2.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivities

theycangainexperienceforgrowth.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.whenABCBDLet'spractice()3.Theroom

windowisopenismine.A.whoseB.whenC.whoD.thatBACAD四、思維導(dǎo)圖ShowtimeStepThree小試牛刀Let'spracticeTherewasatime1IwastiredoflearningEnglishanddislikedspeakingEnglish.Andthiswasthereason

2myfatherforcedmetojoinina30-daytraininginanEnglishclubbeforeIwenttoseniorhighschool.WhenIfirstcametotheclub3

Imetmanystrangers,Imissedmyparentsverymuch.whenwhywhereLet'spracticeSoIpackedupmythingsandwantedtogohome.Fortunately,myguide,

4

namewasJane,communicatedwithmefacetoface,from

5Igainedsomeusefulinstructions.Healsointroducedagoodpartnertome,andweg