任務(wù)精讀：全斷面法（雙語）課件講解

隧道施工技術(shù)TunnelConstructionTechnologyFullFaceExcavationMethod全斷面開挖法全斷面開挖法目錄TableofContentsFullFaceExcavationMethod全斷面開挖法基本概念1BasicConceptofFullFaceExcavationMethod開挖三條作業(yè)線2ExcavationofThreeOperationLines施工注意事項3ConstructionPrecautions課程小結(jié)4Summary全斷面開挖法FullFaceExcavationMethod全斷面法又稱全斷面一次開挖法，按隧道設(shè)計斷面輪廓一次開挖成型的方法。Thefullfacemethod,alsoknownasthefullfaceone-timeexcavationmethod,isamethodofone-timeexcavationandformingaccordingtothedesignsectioncontourofthetunnel.全斷面開挖法基本概念BasicConceptofFullFaceExcavationMethod01全斷面開挖法的優(yōu)點：AdvantagesofFullFaceExcavationMethod:工序少，相互干擾少,便于組織施工和管理。工作空間大，便于組織大型機械化施工。全斷面開挖法的缺點：DisadvantagesofFullFaceExcavationMethod:施工速度快。開挖面較大，圍巖相對穩(wěn)定性低。循環(huán)工作量較大，要求施工單位有較強的開挖、出渣、運輸和支護能力。采用深孔爆破時產(chǎn)生的爆破震動較大，對鉆爆設(shè)計和控制爆破作業(yè)要求較高。全斷面開挖法FullFaceExcavationMethodLessworkingproceduresandmutualinterferenceisconvenientfororganizingconstructionandmanagement.Largeworkingspaceisconvenientforlarge-scalemechanizedconstruction.Theconstructionspeedisfast.Largeexcavationfaceandlowstabilityofsurroundingrocks.LargecirculationworkloadrequirestheConstructionContractortohavestrongexcavation,mucking,transportationandsupportcapabilities.Largeblastingvibrationgeneratedbydeep-holeblastinghashighrequirementsfordrillingandblastingdesignandcontrolledblasting.全斷面開挖法基本概念BasicConceptofFullFaceExcavationMethod全斷面開挖法的適用條件：ApplicableConditionsofFullFaceExcavationMethod:巖層覆蓋條件簡單、巖質(zhì)較均勻的硬巖；hardrockwithsimpleoverburdenconditionsandrelativelyuniformrocktexture;必須具備大型施工機械；largeconstructionmachinerymustbeprovided;隧道長度或施工區(qū)段長度不宜太短，否則采用大型機械化施工的經(jīng)濟性差，根據(jù)經(jīng)驗，這個長度不應(yīng)小于1

km。thetunnellengthorconstructionsectionlengthshouldnotbetooshort,otherwise,theeconomicalefficiencyoflarge-scalemechanizedconstructionispoor,andsuchlengthshallnotbelessthan1kmaccordingtoexperience.全斷面開挖法FullFaceExcavationMethod全斷面開挖法基本概念BasicConceptofFullFaceExcavationMethod全斷面開挖法的適用條件：ApplicableConditionsofFullFaceExcavationMethod:巖層覆蓋條件簡單、巖質(zhì)較均勻的硬巖；hardrockwithsimpleoverburdenconditionsandrelativelyuniformrocktexture;必須具備大型施工機械；largeconstructionmachinerymustbeprovided;隧道長度或施工區(qū)段長度不宜太短，否則采用大型機械化施工的經(jīng)濟性差，根據(jù)經(jīng)驗，這個長度不應(yīng)小于1

km。thetunnellengthorconstructionsectionlengthshouldnotbetooshort,otherwise,theeconomicalefficiencyoflarge-scalemechanizedconstructionispoor,andsuchlengthshallnotbelessthan1kmaccordingtoexperience.根據(jù)圍巖的穩(wěn)定程度可以不設(shè)錨桿或設(shè)短錨桿，也可先出渣，再施作初期支護，但一般仍先施作拱部初期支護，以防止因應(yīng)力集中造成圍巖松動剝落。Accordingtothestabilityofsurroundingrock,anchorrodorshortanchorrodisunnecessary;orcarryoutmuckingfirst,andthenconstructtheprimarysupport,butingeneral,primarysupportofarchshallstillbeconstructedfirsttopreventthesurroundingrockfromlooseningorspallingduetostressconcentration.全斷面開挖法FullFaceExcavationMethod全斷面開挖法基本概念BasicConceptofFullFaceExcavationMethod開挖三條作業(yè)線ExcavationofThreeOperationLines02全斷面開挖法FullFaceExcavationMethod開挖三條作業(yè)線ExcavationofThreeOperationLines作業(yè)線Operationline開挖作業(yè)線Excavationoperationline噴錨作業(yè)線Shotcrete-boltoperationline模筑襯砌作業(yè)線Moldedliningoperationline采用的大型機械設(shè)備Largemechanicalequipmentadopted鉆孔臺車、裝藥臺車、裝載機配合自卸汽車（無軌）、裝渣機配合礦車及電瓶車或內(nèi)燃機車（有軌）Drillingjumbo,chargingjumbo,loaderincooperationwithdumptruck(trackless),muckloaderincooperationwithminecar,batterycarordiesellocomotive(track)混凝土噴射機、混凝土噴射機械手、噴錨作業(yè)平臺、進料運輸設(shè)備及錨桿灌漿設(shè)備Concretesprayer,concretespraymanipulator,shotcrete-boltoperationplatform,feedtransportequipmentandanchorrodgroutingequipment混凝土拌合作業(yè)廠、混凝土輸送車及輸送泵、施作防水層作業(yè)平臺、襯砌鋼模臺車Concretemixingplant,concretedeliverycaranddeliverypump,constructionofwaterprooflayeroperationplatform,liningsteelformworkjumbo全斷面開挖法機械化施工的三條主要作業(yè)線Threemainoperationlinesformechanizedconstructionwithfullfaceexcavationmethod全斷面開挖法FullFaceExcavationMethod開挖三條作業(yè)線ExcavationofThreeOperationLines鉆孔臺車Drillingjumbo裝渣機Muckloader通風管Ventpipe電瓶車Batterycar模板臺車FormworkJumbo混凝土泵ConcretepumpEquipmentlayoutofworkingfacewithfullfaceexcavationmethod裝碴機Muckloader裝碴機Muckloader千斤頂Jack施工注意事項ConstructionPrecautions03采用全斷面開挖法應(yīng)注意下列問題Attentionshallbepaidtothefollowingmatterswhenfullfaceexcavationmethodisadopted摸清開挖面前方的地質(zhì)情況，隨時準備好應(yīng)急措施(包括改變施工方法等)，以確保施工安全。Findoutthegeologicalconditionsinfrontoftheexcavationface,andprepareemergencymeasures(includingchangeofconstructionmethods,etc.)atanytimetoensureconstructionsafety.各種施工機械設(shè)備要求配套，以充分發(fā)揮機械設(shè)備的效率。Variousconstructionmachineryandequipmentshallbeincompletesettogivefullplaytotheirefficiency.加強各項輔助作業(yè)，尤其加強施工通風，保證工作面有足夠的新鮮空氣。Strengthenvariousauxiliaryoperations,especiallyconstructionventilation,toensuresufficientfreshairontheworkingface.加強對施工人員的技術(shù)培訓。實踐證明施工人員對新奧法基本原理的了解程度和技術(shù)熟練狀況直接關(guān)系到施工的效果。Strengthentechnicaltrainingforconstructionpersonnel.Practicehasprovedthattheconstructionpersonnel'sunderstandingofthebasicprincipleofNATMandtheirtechnicalproficiencydirectlyrelatetheconstructioneffect.全斷面開挖法FullFaceExcavationMethod施工注意事項ConstructionPrecautions課程小結(jié)Summary04全斷面開挖法FullFaceExcavationMethod課程小結(jié)Summary