2024云南中考英語二輪復習 題型三 七選五還原句子型閱讀（課件）

考情概覽1

微技能講練2題型三七選五還原句子型閱讀

考情概覽分析云南近6年中考真題可知，七選五還原句子型閱讀理解主要呈現(xiàn)以下特點：1.文體：省卷：記敘文(2023)，說明文(6年5考)；昆明卷：說明文(6年5考)；2.話題：做法建議(省卷：6年5考；昆明卷：2023,2022)、事物介紹(昆明卷：2022,2023)、觀點看法(昆明卷：2021)、文化類(昆明卷：2020)和哲理故事(省卷：2023)；3.詞數(shù)：130－180之間，段落：4－9段；生詞量：1－3個；4.設(shè)空句子：給出7個備選項，以陳述句為主，另外還會少量涉及祈使句、一般疑問句等。挖空的句子詞數(shù)為2－10詞。因此考生做題時，一定要注意空前后的關(guān)鍵句和過渡詞，不要因只關(guān)注設(shè)空選項，而忽略了所選選項內(nèi)容是否與空前后句內(nèi)容一致。

微技能講練微技能1搜尋關(guān)鍵詞

微技能2理清邏輯關(guān)系微技能3把握上下文語境微技能講練微技能1搜尋關(guān)鍵詞(省卷：6年15考；昆明卷：6年15考)介紹段落主旨時，常會有核心詞的復現(xiàn)，但不是詞語的簡單重復，而是核心詞以同義詞、近義詞或不同詞性的詞出現(xiàn)。在做題時，注意選項中出現(xiàn)的與原文意思相同、相近或相反的詞匯。同詞復現(xiàn)(省卷：6年12考；昆明卷：6年10考)1方法同詞復現(xiàn)指某一詞在設(shè)空處前后和備選項中重復出現(xiàn)。可根據(jù)這一重復出現(xiàn)的詞，結(jié)合原文與備選項確定出正確答案。例1(2021云南省卷第三節(jié)節(jié)選)Doexerciseeveryday.Therearemanywaystodoexerciseindailylife.62Somepeoplethinkthatdoingsimplethingslikecleaningthehouseishelpful.Otherpeoplethinkthatdoingexercisesuchasrunningorplayingballgamesisgood.典例剖析A.Pickupahobby.B.Itisalwayswithyou.C.Learntorelaxyourself.D.It'sbadforyourhealthtositforalongtime.E.Nowletmetellyousomewaystokeephealthy.F.Peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwaystoexercise.G.Healthyfoodplaysanimportantroleinastrongbody.剖析：根據(jù)后文“Somepeoplethinkthatdoingsimplethingslikecleaningthehouseishelpful.Otherpeoplethinkthatdoingexercisesuchas...”可知是在談?wù)摬煌藢﹀憻挿椒ǖ牟煌捶?。并結(jié)合備選項“Peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwaystoexercise.”可知此處為“Therearemanywaystodoexerciseindailylife.”中ways的同詞復現(xiàn)。故選F。Paragraph1(2021江西閱讀理解B節(jié)選)__1__TheABNAMRObankstartedanInstitute(機構(gòu))ofBrilliantFailurestolearnmoreaboutwhatworksandwhatdoesn'tinbanking.Similarly,EliLillyandCompanyhadfailurepartiestostudythedrugs(藥物)thatdon'twork.方法訓練（

） A.Onetrulycannotexistwithouttheother. B.Wearebraveenoughtofacedifficulties. C.Intheearly1990s,ApplecreatedaphonecalledtheAppleNewton. D.Thebusinessworldalreadyunderstandsthevalueofnegativeresults. E.TheAppleNewtonhaswonpopularitywithpeopleallovertheworld. F.However,thingsareslowlychanging,especiallyinbusinessandscience. G.ThestoryoftheAppleNewtoncanteachusanimportantlessonaboutfailure.D派生詞復現(xiàn)(昆明卷：6年3考)2方法派生詞復現(xiàn)是指設(shè)空處前后句中某一詞和備選項中某一詞的關(guān)系為派生關(guān)系，即可通過構(gòu)詞法進行轉(zhuǎn)換。如：prepare與preparation；introduce與introduction等。例2(2022昆明卷D篇節(jié)選)Soundisnottheonlydifference.Wordssometimeshavedifferentmeanings,too.62Americansdrivetrucks,butinEnglandpeopledrivelorries.A.EnglishiswidelyusedinChina.B.ItcanalsohappentootherlanguageslikeFrench.C.Forexample,thevocabularyforcarsanddrivingisverydifferent.D.Theysay“Haveyouastorybook？”典例剖析剖析：根據(jù)本段最后一句“Americansdrivetrucks,butinEnglandpeopledrivelorries.”可知備選項C中driving是句中的drive的派生詞。故選C。Paragraph2(2021山西閱讀C篇節(jié)選)“Theproblemwithyourgenerationisthatyoualwaysexpecttobehappy，”mymotheroncesaid.2Shouldn'twetryhardtoachieveit?方法訓練（

） A.Neithercouldmyparents. B.Weshouldkeepthestressoffourselves. C.Surely,happinesswasthepurposeofliving. D.Thatmaymakeuslesssatisfiedwithourlives. E.Recently,teenagersfacemanykindsofproblems. F.Happinessarriveswhenweareleastexpectingit. G.Soit'snecessaryforustoacceptsadfeelingsaspartoflife.C同疇詞復現(xiàn)3方法同疇詞復現(xiàn)指設(shè)空處前后句某一詞和備選項中某一詞為同一范圍的詞：如watch與clock；sweater，jacket與coat等。注意閱讀設(shè)空前后句，鎖定關(guān)鍵詞，可以根據(jù)設(shè)空前后的某一詞與備選項中某一詞是否屬于同一范圍來確定正確選項。例3(2020云南省卷第三節(jié)節(jié)選)64Soturnofftheairconditioner(空調(diào))whenyoudon'tneedtouseit.Uselightsthatsaveenergy.Usefewerthingsthatcannotbeusedagain.Whenyoubuysomething,considerthosemadefromthingsthatcanbeusedagainfirst.A.Thiscancuttheuseofwater.B.Airpollutionisveryserious.C.ThiswillmakealotofCO2intotheair.典例剖析D.Sotrytowalk,rideabikeortakeabus.E.Nobodycanplayaroleinprotectingtheearth.F.Therearemanythingsyoucandotosavetheearth.G.Thebiggestenergyuseathomeisforkeepingwarmorcool.剖析：根據(jù)后文中的內(nèi)容可知，備選項G中的“keepingwarmorcool”與文中的“airconditioner”是同疇詞，都和調(diào)節(jié)溫度相關(guān)。故選G。Paragraph3(2021江西閱讀理解B節(jié)選)Infact,oneofthebusinessworld'smostfamousfailuresbecameoneofitsbiggestsuccesses,inpartbecausetheproduct'smakerslearnedfromtheirmistakes.3Theproduct,thoughunique(獨特的)atthetime,wasexpensiveandheavy;besides,someofitsmostimportantfeatures(特點)didn'tworkproperly.方法訓練（

） A.Onetrulycannotexistwithouttheother. B.Wearebraveenoughtofacedifficulties. C.Intheearly1990s,ApplecreatedaphonecalledtheAppleNewton. D.Thebusinessworldalreadyunderstandsthevalueofnegativeresults. E.TheAppleNewtonhaswonpopularitywithpeopleallovertheworld.C近義詞復現(xiàn)4方法近義詞復現(xiàn)是指設(shè)空處前后句中某一詞與選項中某一詞為近義詞關(guān)系，如glad與happy；start與begin等。例4(2022云南省卷第三節(jié)節(jié)選)Remember:Yournicewordsmustcomefromyourheart.Don'tsayanythingifyoudon'thaveanythinggoodtosay.65ifyoucan'tfindanythinggoodaboutpeople,oryouwilldomoreharmthangood.A.Speakout.B.Keepsilent.C.You'reagreatfather.D.Thankyouverymuch.典例剖析剖析：根據(jù)本段第二句“Don'tsayanythingifyoudon'thaveanythinggoodtosay.”可知備選項B中的“silent”和句中的Don'tsayanything為近義關(guān)系。故選B。Paragraph4(2021濰坊閱讀信息匹配題節(jié)選改編)__4__Looktoseeifthestoryyouarereadingisonothernewssitesthatyouknowandtrust.Ifyoudofinditonmanyothersites,thenitprobablyisn'tfake(althoughtherearesomeexceptions)．方法訓練（

）A.Checkifthestoryisinotherplaces.B.Unluckily,notallofthesestoriesaretrue.C.Fakenewsstoriesoftenspreadmuchfaster.D.Also,thinkabouthowthestorymakesyoufeel.E.Lookatthewebsitewherethestorycomesfrom.F.Thereareothermethodsthatfakenewsuses.A微技能2理清邏輯關(guān)系(省卷：6年11考；昆明卷：6年8考)解答此類試題，通常還要考慮以下四類邏輯關(guān)系：并列/遞進關(guān)系(and，also，besides，then，first，second，notonly...butalso...,inadditionto)、因果關(guān)系(because，becauseof，for，since，as，so，thanksto，asaresult，therefore，forthisreason)、轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系(but，however，yet，though，although，evenif)和解釋例證關(guān)系(inotherwords，thatis(tosay)，itmeans...，infact，suchas，forexample)。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系

5方法例5(2020昆明卷閱讀D篇節(jié)選)EveryChinesekidstruggleswiththemforsometime.62Theycomewiththeirownspecialrulesandtraditions.A.HowChinesekidslearntousechopsticks.B.Peopleshouldnotmakenoisewithchopsticks.C.Learntherulesandtraditionsbehindchopsticks.D.Doingitatthedinnertableisbelievedtobringbadluck.E.Butchopsticksarenotjustsimpletoolstopickupfood.典例剖析剖析：根據(jù)前句“EveryChinesekidstruggleswiththemforsometime.”可知中國的孩子都要和筷子斗爭一番，再結(jié)合空后的“Theycomewiththeirownspecialrulesandtraditions.”可知筷子有它們自己的規(guī)則和傳統(tǒng)，所以它們不僅僅是簡單的吃飯工具。故選E。Paragraph5(2021陜西閱讀第二節(jié)節(jié)選改編)Doyouknowthereasonwhywefeeltiredinthemiddleofaclass?Maybeyouwouldsayitisbecausetheteacher'sclassisboring.__5__Perhapsthisissomethingyouhavenotpaidenoughattentiontoornotyetnoticed.方法訓練（

） A.Sleepyanimals. B.Whydoweneedsleep? C.Somepeopletalkintheirdreams.

D.However,therealreasonisprobablythatwedon'thave

enoughsleep.

E.Theolderyouget,thelesssleepyouwillneed.

F.Somepeopleneverdreamwhiletheysleep.

G.Cleveranimals.D并列/遞進關(guān)系6方法例6(2021昆明卷閱讀D篇節(jié)選)First,doingchoreshelpschildrenlearntobeindependent.Parentscan'tstaybytheirchildren'ssideallthetime...

63

Whenchildrenfinishachore,theywillnotonlytakeprideinajobwelldonebutalsohaveconfidenceintheirabilitytodothingswell.Third,doingchoresmakesitpossiblefor...典例剖析A.Shouldchildrendochores?B.Choresaregoodforchildren.C.Whatchoresshouldchildrendo?D.Thathelpsthembuildteamspirit.E.Childrencannotdochoreswithouttheirparents'help.F.Second,doingchoreshelpschildrenbuildself-confidence.

剖析：根據(jù)文章第一句以及第三段第一句可知此處應(yīng)介紹孩子做家務(wù)的第二個好處。故選F。Paragraph6(2021河南D篇節(jié)選改編)Connectyourmainbranches(分支)tothecentralpictureandconnectyoursecond-and-third-levelbranchestothefirstandsecondlevels,etc.Why?Becauseyourbrainworksbyconnection.

6

Ifyouconnectthebranches,youwillunderstandandrememberalotmoreeasily.方法訓練（

）A.Startinthecenterofapage.B.Usepicturesasmanyaspossible.C.Acentralpictureismoreinteresting.D.Idon'thavetoreadmynotesoverandoveragain.E.Itlikestoconnecttwo,orthree,orfourthingstogether.F.Itisnotwisetousemorepictures.G.Youneedtoconnectyourmindmapwithpictures.E舉例/推理關(guān)系(省卷：6年5考；昆明卷：6年4考)7方法例7(2023云南省卷第三節(jié)節(jié)選)Youdon'tletpeoplegetoutofbusesorelevatorsbeforeyougetin...Youdon'tcoveryourmouthwhilecoughing...Youlistentomusicwithoutheadphones.Youthinkyourmusictasteisgreat？...Youarerudetowaiters...Commonsenseisnotsocommon.__65__典例剖析A.Youlistentomusicwithoutheadphones.B.Somelittlethingscanhurtyourimage.C.Someseriousthingsmayhurtyourimage.D.Andtheycanflyasfastas50milesperhour.E.Don'tmindyourbehavioranddoasyoulike.F.Juststandaside,letpeopleout,andthengetin.G.Pleasewatchyourbehaviorandbepoliteinpublic.剖析：根據(jù)上文中“Youdon'tletpeoplegetoutofbusesorelevatorsbeforeyougetin...，Youdon'tcoveryourmouthwhilecoughing...，Youlistentomusicwithoutheadphones...，Youarerudetowaiters...”可知空處應(yīng)該是對行為和形象管理的總結(jié)。故選G。Paragraph7(2021成都補全短文節(jié)選改編)Eachnumberinabarcode(條形碼)isshownbysevenblocksofthesamesize.7Forexample,thenumber“one”isshowninturnbytwowhitestripes(條)，twoblackstripes,twowhitestripes,andoneblackstripe.方法訓練（

）A.Thencomputerscanreaditdirectly.B.Allinformationcanbeshownbybarcodes.C.Thenextparttellsyouwhoproducedtheproduct.D.And“nine”lookssimilarto“six”ifyouturnitupsidedown.E.Theinventionofbarcodesisbasedonaverysimpleidea.F.Evenifyouturnitupsidedown,itisn'tsimilartoanyothernumber.G.Thesearecoloredeitherblackorwhitetoshowthenumbersfromzerotonine.G因果關(guān)系8方法例8(2020云南省卷第三節(jié)節(jié)選)Carsburnoil.ThiswillmakealotofCO2intotheair.SomepeoplebelievethattoomuchCO2ismakingtheearthwarmerthanever.63ThiscansavesomeoilandproducelessCO2.典例剖析A.Thiscancuttheuseofwater.B.Airpollutionisveryserious.C.ThiswillmakealotofCO2intotheair.D.Sotrytowalk,rideabikeortakeabus.

剖析：根據(jù)空前“SomepeoplebelievethattoomuchCO2ismakingtheearthwarmerthanever.”可知講述的是二氧化碳會使地球變得比以前更暖和，而空后的內(nèi)容講述的是采取措施后的結(jié)果，因此空處應(yīng)是解決二氧化碳排放量過多的辦法。故選D。Paragraph8(2021河南閱讀D篇節(jié)選改編)8Why?Becauseeachpicture,justlikethecentralpicture,isalsoworthathousandwords.So,ifyouhave10picturesinyourmindmap,theyarealreadyworth10，000wordsofnotes.方法訓練（

） A.Startinthecenterofapage. B.Usepicturesasmanyaspossible. C.Acentralpictureismoreinteresting.

D.Idon'thavetoreadmynotesoverandoveragain.

E.Itlikestoconnecttwo,orthree,orfourthingstogether.

F.Itisnotwisetousemorepictures.

G.Youneedtoconnectyourmindmapwithpictures.B微技能3把握上下文語境(省卷：6年4考；昆明卷：6年7考)若文中沒有明顯的詞匯復現(xiàn)、邏輯關(guān)系等的